Payback period is a metric used to measure the amount of time needed to recover the initial investment.
The payback period can be determined by dividing the initial cost of investment by the average annual cash inflow. It provides insight into how long it will take a business to recover its initial investment.
How to find?Here's how to calculate the payback period at i = 0% per year and
i = 12% per year:
Payback period at i = 0% per year:
The payback period at i = 0% per year can be calculated as follows:
The initial investment is $35,000. In the first year, the cash inflow is $10,000, in the second year it is $15,000, and in the third year it is $20,000.
Since the cash inflow is higher than the annual depreciation, the payback period can be calculated as follows:
Payback period = Initial Investment / Annual Cash inflow
Payback period = $35,000 / $15,000
Payback period = 2.3 years
The payback period at i=0% is determined to be 2 years.
Payback period at i = 12% per year:
The payback period at i = 12% per year can be calculated as follows:
We use the same formula as above, but now we use the present value of each cash inflow, discounted by the annual interest rate of 12%.
The present value of cash inflow can be calculated using the following formula:
[tex]PV = FV / (1+r)^n[/tex]
Where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate and n is the number of years. The present value of cash inflow for each year is calculated in the table below:
Year
Cash inflow
Discount rate
Present value0-$35,000-1.0000-$35,0001$10,0000.8929$8,9292$15,0000.7972$11,9593$20,0000.7118$14,236
The payback period at i=12% is determined to be 3 years.
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Which of the following businesses and activities enjoys an implied exemption from antitrust laws?
A.
agricultural cooperativesB.
railroads
C.labor unions
D.airlinesAccording to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, in order to audit a public company, ________.
A.a public accounting firm must register with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB)B.
he law of accountant-client privilege must be adopted by the state legislature in the state where the audit is to occurC.
only public accountants may serve on the audit committeeD.
all public accounting firms must assign an accountant who works closely with one client over an extended period of time
An offering statement requires less disclosure than a registration statement and is less costly to prepare.
Question content area bottom
Part 1
True
False
Agricultural cooperative enjoys an implied exemption from antitrust laws.
According to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, in order to audit a public company, a public accounting firm must register with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). Option A is the answer.
It is true that an offering statement requires less disclosure than a registration statement and is less costly to prepare. The answer is True.
What are agricultural cooperatives?Agricultural cooperatives are considered exempt from antitrust laws under the Capper-Volstead Act of 1922. This law gives privilege to farmers to jointly process, market, and sell their farm produce.
The PCAOB was established by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to oversee the audits of public companies in order to protect investors and the public interest. This act requires public accounting firms that audit public companies to register with the PCAOB and are subject to inspection, investigation, and disciplinary action by the PCAOB. .
The offering statement allows companies to raise up to $75 million from the public in a 12-month period. The offering statement is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and is subject to review and qualification by the SEC.
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krall company recently had a computer malfunction and lost a portion of its accounting records. the company has reconstructed some of its financial performance measurements including components of the return on investment calculations. required: help krall rebuild its information database by completing the following table: note: round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places. round your final answers to 2 decimal places, (i.e. 0.1234 should be entered as 12.34%.).
The table provides missing financial performance measurements for Krall Company, including Return on Investment, Profit Margin, Investment Turnover, Operation Income, Sales Revenue, and Average Invested Assets, based on given percentages and partial data.
To complete the missing information in the table, we can use the formulas for the Return on Investment (ROI), Profit Margin, Investment Turnover, and Average Invested Assets. Let's go step by step:
Return on Investment (ROI):
ROI = Profit Margin × Investment Turnover
Given ROI = 10% and Investment Turnover for the second row = 0.50, we can calculate Profit Margin for the second row:
Profit Margin (2nd row) = ROI / Investment Turnover = 10% / 0.50 = 20%
Profit Margin:
Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales Revenue
Given Profit Margin for the third row = 12% and Sales Revenue for the third row = $1,400,000, we can calculate Net Income for the third row:
Net Income (3rd row) = Profit Margin × Sales Revenue = 12% × $1,400,000 = $168,000
Investment Turnover:
Investment Turnover = Sales Revenue / Average Invested Assets
Given Investment Turnover for the fourth row = 2.00 and Sales Revenue for the fourth row = $600,000, we can calculate Average Invested Assets for the fourth row:
Average Invested Assets (4th row) = Sales Revenue / Investment Turnover = $600,000 / 2.00 = $300,000
Operation Income:
Operation Income = Sales Revenue - Cost of Goods Sold
Given Sales Revenue for the second row = $1,400,000 and Profit Margin for the second row = 8%, we can calculate Cost of Goods Sold for the second row:
Cost of Goods Sold (2nd row) = Sales Revenue - (Profit Margin × Sales Revenue) = $1,400,000 - (8% × $1,400,000) = $1,288,000
Then, using the given Operation Income for the first row = $70,000, we can calculate Sales Revenue for the first row:
Sales Revenue (1st row) = Operation Income + Cost of Goods Sold = $70,000 + $1,288,000 = $1,358,000
Average Invested Assets:
Average Invested Assets = (Beginning Invested Assets + Ending Invested Assets) / 2
Given Beginning Invested Assets for the first row = $1,400,000 and Ending Invested Assets for the second row = $2,500,000, we can calculate Average Invested Assets for the second row:
Average Invested Assets (2nd row) = ($1,400,000 + $2,500,000) / 2 = $1,950,000
To calculate the missing value in the last row (Average Invested Assets), we can rearrange the formula:
Average Invested Assets = Sales Revenue / Investment Turnover
Given Sales Revenue for the last row = $600,000 and Investment Turnover for the last row = 2.00, we can calculate:
Average Invested Assets (last row) = $600,000 / 2.00 = $300,000
To calculate the missing value in the third row (Return on Investment), we can use the formula:
Return on Investment = Profit Margin x Investment Turnover
Given Profit Margin for the third row = 12% and Investment Turnover for the third row = 1.25, we can calculate:
Return on Investment (third row) = 12% x 1.25 = 15%
To calculate the missing value in the second column (Profit Margin) of the fourth row, we can rearrange the formula:
Profit Margin = Return on Investment / Investment Turnover
Given Return on Investment for the fourth row = 10% and Investment Turnover for the fourth row = 2.00, we can calculate:
Profit Margin (fourth row) = 10% / 2.00 = 5%
To calculate the missing value in the last column (Average Invested Assets) of the third row, we can rearrange the formula:
Average Invested Assets = Operation Income / (Return on Investment x Profit Margin)
Given Operation Income for the third row = $168,000, Return on Investment for the third row = 15%, and Profit Margin for the third row = 12%, we can calculate:
Average Invested Assets (third row) = $168,000 / (15% x 12%) = $1,120,000
Now the completed table is in image.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is given below " Krall Company recently had a computer malfunction and lost a portion of its accounting records. The company has reconstructed some of its financial performance measurements including components of the return on investment calculations.
Help Krall rebuild its missing information database by completing the following table
Return on Investment ? ? ? 10%
Profit Margin ? 8% 12% ?
Investment Turnover ? 0.50 1.25 2.00
Operation Income $70,000 100,000 ? 2,500,000
Sales Revenue $700,000 ? 1,400.000 600,000
Average
Invested Assets $1,400,000 2,500,000 ? ? "--
Solve the following problems regarding bank loans, bonds, and stocks. Assume an interest rate of 12 percent. a. How much would you pay for a 10-year bond with a par value of $1,000 and a 10.4 percent coupon rate? Assume interest is paid annually. b. How much would you pay for a share of preferred stock paying a $6.2-per-share annual dividend forever? c. A company is planning to set aside money to repay $168 million in bonds that will be coming due in ten years. How much money would the company need to set aside at the end of each year for the next ten years to repay the bonds when they come due? How would your answer change if the money were deposited at the beginning of each year? Note: Round your answers to 2 decimal places.
The amount the company would need to set aside at the beginning of each year to repay the bonds when they come due is $249,510,780.96.
Given: Interest rate = 12%
a) The par value of a bond is $1000, coupon rate is 10.4%, and interest is paid annually.
To calculate the price of the bond, we can use the formula:
$$Price=\frac{C}{i}(1-\frac{1}{(1+i)^n})+\frac{FV}{(1+i)^n}$$
where C = annual coupon payments
i = interest rate
n = number of payments
FV = face value of the bond
Using the given values, we get:
$$Price=\frac{104}{0.12}(1-\frac{1}{(1+0.12)^{10}})+\frac{1000}{(1+0.12)^{10}}$$=$666.62
b) The price of preferred stock paying a dividend of $6.2 per share forever can be calculated using the formula for the present value of perpetuity, which is:
P = D/i
where P = price
D = annual dividend
i = discount rate
Using the given values, we get:
$$P=\frac{6.2}{0.12}$$=$51.67c)
The company needs to set aside an amount at the end of each year to repay the bonds when they come due.
Using the formula for the present value of an annuity, which is:
PMT = PV [i/(1-(1+i)^-n)]
where PMT = payment
i = interest rate
n = number of payments
PV = present value of the bond
Using the given values, we get:
$$PMT = \frac{168,000,000}{[0.12(1-1/(1.12^{10}))]}$$=$14,731,211.12
If the money were deposited at the beginning of each year, we would use the formula for the future value of an annuity, which is:
FV = PMT [(1+i)^n-1]/i
where FV = future value of the annuity
n = number of payments
Using the given values, we get:
$$FV = 14,731,211.12 [(1+0.12)^{10}-1]/0.12$$=$249,510,780.96
Therefore, the amount the company would need to set aside at the beginning of each year to repay the bonds when they come due is $249,510,780.96.
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A mortgage company was quoting you a rate of 3.5% for a fully amortizing 30-year, $400,000 loan with 2 points paid up front (to be taken out of the loan proceeds). Assume you planned to stay in the property for only five years, what would be your effective annual percentage rate (APR) on this loan? Hint: you need to use both a Present Value and Future Value to calculate properly."
Please answer with excel and show the formula
a. 3.5%
b. 3.66%
c. 3.96%
d. Not enough information to answer
In order to calculate the effective annual percentage rate (APR) on the given loan, we need to use both present value and future value. The given information is as follows:
Loan amount (PV) = $400,000Rate of interest per period (r) = 3.5%
Number of periods (n) = 30 years Payment per period (PMT) = ?
Number of payments (N per) = 12 x 30 = 360Points = 2
We know that the mortgage payments can be calculated using the following formula:
PMT = r × PV / [1 − (1 + r)−N per]PMT = 3.5% × $400,000 / [1 − (1 + 3.5%)−360] = $1,796.18
We also know that future value
(FV) is given as: FV = PV × (1 + r)N per
FV = $400,000 × (1 + 3.5%)360 = $844,147.09
Now, we can calculate the APR using Excel's RATE function, which is defined as follows:
RATE(n per, p mt, p v, [f v], [type], [guess])
Where, n per is the total number of payment periods; p mt is the payment made each period; pv is the present value (loan amount); f v is the future value (optional); .Using the above formula in Excel, we get:
APR = RATE(5 * 12, 1796.18, -400000 + 400000 * 0.02 / 1.035, 400000 - 400000 * 0.02) * 12 = 3.96%
The effective annual percentage rate (APR) on this loan would be c. 3.96%.
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Discuss how IKEA has changed its pricing strategy to enter
Bahrain based on the internal factors of IKEA and external factors
of Bahrain.
IKEA is a multinational company that has its own unique marketing strategies to enter into different markets. The company uses various marketing strategies in different countries based on internal factors of the company and external factors of the country.
One such country is Bahrain, where IKEA changed its pricing strategy to enter Bahrain.Let's discuss how IKEA has changed its pricing strategy to enter Bahrain based on internal factors of IKEA and external factors of Bahrain.1. Internal factors of IKEAIKEA has its own unique marketing strategies based on its internal factors such as the organization's goals and objectives, products, and distribution channels.
IKEA has a well-established distribution channel that helps the company to reduce its cost, and the company also offers a wide range of products to meet the customer needs and wants. The internal factors of the company have made it possible to set competitive prices in the market.
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a seller has listed her home at $250,000. a couple has made an offer to purchase the property for $230,000, including the seller's washer and dryer. the seller counters with a sales price of $240,000 without the washer and dryer. the buyers counter again with a sales price of $234,000, including the washer and dryer. the seller makes no response for five days and the buyers find another property. the buyers should
The buyers should withdraw their offer and move on to another property. Here's a step-by-step breakdown of the situation The buyers should withdraw their offer and move on to another property.
The seller listed her home at $250,000. The buyers made an offer to purchase the property for $230,000, which included the seller's washer and dryer. The seller countered with a sales price of $240,000, but without including the washer and dryer. The buyers then countered again with a sales price of $234,000, including the washer and dryer.
The seller did not respond for five day In the meantime, the buyers found another property.
Based on this sequence of events, it seems that the seller is not interested in accepting the buyers' offer. The lack of response for five days suggests a lack of willingness to negotiate or sell at the buyers' proposed price. Additionally, the buyers have already found another property, indicating that they have moved on from this particular negotiation. The seller did not respond to the buyers' counteroffer within five days, which suggests a lack of interest in further negotiations. Additionally, the buyers have found another property, indicating that they have moved on. It would be best for the buyers to withdraw their offer and focus on the new property they have found.
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the rule of thumb is that perks should take no more than ________ of the annual personnel budget.
The rule of thumb is that perks should take no more than 20% of the annual personnel budget.
This rule suggests that organizations should allocate a maximum of 20% of their personnel budget towards providing perks or additional benefits to employees. It is a guideline aimed at maintaining a balance between compensating employees fairly and responsibly managing the overall personnel costs. By adhering to this rule, organizations can ensure that they allocate a significant portion of the personnel budget towards salaries, benefits, and other essential aspects of employee compensation while still providing some discretionary funds for perks and additional incentives.
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Jessica's Design Inc. has a bond with a coupon rate of 12%, maturing in 12 years at $1,000 per bond. If you wanted to buy the bond today, you'd have an outflow of −$940. What is the yield to maturity? Select one: a. 13.01% b. 12.00% c. 12.60% d. 11.50%
Option C is correct. Yield to Maturity: Yield to maturity is the interest rate an investor earns on a bond if the bond is held until maturity. Yield to maturity is determined by calculating the interest rate that equates the present value of a bond's future cash flows to its current market price.
Here is the solution to the given problem: Given data are as follows:
Bond Coupon rate = 12%, Maturity period = 12 years, Face Value of the bond = $1000 & Bond Purchase Price = $940
To find: Yield to maturity, Solution:
We will use the following formula to find the yield to maturity of the bond:
PV = C1 / (1 + YTM)1 + C2 / (1 + YTM)2 + C3 / (1 + YTM)3 + .....+ (Cn + P) / (1 + YTM)n
Here, PV = Market price of the bond C1, C2, C3... Cn = Bond interest payments, P = Bond principal, YTM = Yield to
maturity of the bond
Given, Bond Coupon rate = 12%, Maturity period = 12 years, Face Value of the bond = $1000, Bond Purchase Price =
$940
The coupon payment is as follows: 12% of $1000 = $120
The coupon payment is received annually.
The bond has a maturity period of 12 years.
Therefore, the total number of coupon payments is 12. Total future cash flow = (C1 + C2 + C3 + ... + Cn) + P, where P is the principal.
Total future cash flow = 12 x $120 + $1000= $2440
The bond purchase price is $940.
Present value of cash flow = $940PV = C1 / (1 + YTM)1 + C2 / (1 + YTM)2 + C3 / (1 + YTM)3 + .....+ (Cn + P) / (1 + YTM)n$940 = $120 / (1 + YTM)1 + $120 / (1 + YTM)2 + $120 / (1 + YTM)3 + .....+ ($1000 + $120) / (1 + YTM)12
We can use the IRR function in Excel to solve for yield to maturity. YTM = 12.60%.
Therefore, the yield to maturity of the bond is 12.60%. Option C is correct.
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How would supporters of the Neoclassical Perspective view a
"minimum wage" law imposed by the government?
Neoclassical Perspective proponents may have differing views on government-imposed minimum wage laws, with some emphasizing market distortions and unemployment while others recognize potential social benefits.
Neoclassical Perspective proponents may hold conflicting opinions about a government-imposed "minimum wage" law. Neoclassical theory places emphasis on how supply and demand in the market determine wages. Some neoclassical economists contend that by artificially boosting wages above the equilibrium level, a minimum wage distorts the labor market and causes unemployment because firms cannot afford the mandated rates. They claim that it hinders the development of jobs and lessens the ability of firms to adjust to changing economic situations. Others within the neoclassical paradigm, on the other hand, acknowledge that a minimum wage can offer a social safety net and increase the wellbeing of low-income workers, but they focus on the potential adverse consequences on employment levels.
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What is and why is historic capitalistic economic theory under
examination according to the authors and other economists? What is
the basis for such criticism?
Historic capitalistic economic theory is under examination by authors and other economists.
The basis for such criticism is rooted in a variety of economic, social, and political problems.
The historic capitalistic economic theory, also known as laissez-faire capitalism, suggests that free-market forces should be left alone to allocate resources and create an efficient economy.
It assumes that individuals are rational and will work for their own benefit,
resulting in a society that is prosperous and efficient.
However, there is a growing body of criticism of this theory.
The first critique of laissez-faire capitalism is that it does not take into account the externalities.
These are the unintended consequences that occur when an economic activity affects people who are not involved in the transaction.
For example, pollution from factories could negatively impact public health and the environment,
which is not reflected in the cost of production.
The second criticism of capitalism is that it can lead to inequality.
The theory suggests that the market will naturally allocate resources efficiently, but this ignores the reality that some people are born into disadvantaged situations.
Without intervention, these people may never have the opportunity to climb the social ladder, leading to a widening gap between the rich and poor.
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ou hold an optimal risky portfolio consisting of an active and a passive portfolio. All else equal, which of the following increases the allocation to the active portfolio? A decrease in alpha An increase in the residual variance An increase in the market return An increase in alpha
An optimal risky portfolio consists of an active and a passive portfolio. Holding such a portfolio means that the investor has already chosen an allocation that maximizes the expected returns based on a given level of risk. This allocation, however, depends on several factors, such as alpha, residual variance, and market returns.
A decrease in alpha: Alpha is a measure of risk-adjusted performance. It measures the excess return on an investment compared to its benchmark. A decrease in alpha implies that the active portfolio is underperforming the market, and, as a result, the allocation to the active portfolio should decrease.
Therefore, this option does not increase the allocation to the active portfolio. An increase in the residual variance: The residual variance is a measure of the deviation between the actual return of a portfolio and its expected return.
An increase in the residual variance implies that the active portfolio has become riskier than before, and, as a result, the allocation to the active portfolio should decrease. Therefore, this option does not increase the allocation to the active portfolio.
An increase in the market return: An increase in the market return implies that both the active and passive portfolios will increase in value. Therefore, the allocation to the active portfolio may remain the same, but the overall value of the portfolio will increase.
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Matbach Industries has $930,000 in current assets and $470,000 in fixed assets less $180,000 in accumulated depreciation. The firm's current liabilities total $370,000, and the long-term liabilities $115,000. (Review Chapter 17) a. What is the firm's equity? b. If the firm's stock and capital surplus total $305,000, what is the value for retained earnings?
The value for retained earnings for Matbach Industries is $430,000.
Retained earnings play a crucial role in determining a company's financial position. They represent the cumulative amount of profits that a company has earned and retained over time. In this scenario, we'll calculate the value of retained earnings for Matbach Industries based on the given information.
To calculate the value of retained earnings, we need to consider the company's assets, liabilities, and stockholder's equity. Let's break down the given information and perform the necessary calculations step by step.
1. Calculate the value of fixed assets:
Fixed assets are the long-term assets that the company owns, such as property, plant, and equipment. In this case, the fixed assets are given as $470,000, and the accumulated depreciation is $180,000.
Fixed Assets = $470,000
Accumulated Depreciation = $180,000
Net Fixed Assets = Fixed Assets - Accumulated Depreciation
Net Fixed Assets = $470,000 - $180,000
Net Fixed Assets = $290,000
2. Calculate the total assets:
Total assets are the sum of current assets and net fixed assets.
Current Assets = $930,000
Net Fixed Assets = $290,000
Total Assets = Current Assets + Net Fixed Assets
Total Assets = $930,000 + $290,000
Total Assets = $1,220,000
3. Calculate the total liabilities:
Total liabilities consist of both current liabilities and long-term liabilities.
Current Liabilities = $370,000
Long-term Liabilities = $115,000
Total Liabilities = Current Liabilities + Long-term Liabilities
Total Liabilities = $370,000 + $115,000
Total Liabilities = $485,000
4. Calculate the stockholder's equity:
Stockholder's equity is the residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting liabilities. It consists of stock and capital surplus, as well as retained earnings.
Stock and Capital Surplus = $305,000
To find the value of retained earnings, we need to subtract the sum of stock and capital surplus from the stockholder's equity.
Stockholder's Equity = Total Assets - Total Liabilities
Stockholder's Equity = $1,220,000 - $485,000
Stockholder's Equity = $735,000
Retained Earnings = Stockholder's Equity - Stock and Capital Surplus
Retained Earnings = $735,000 - $305,000
Retained Earnings = $430,000
Therefore, the value for retained earnings for Matbach Industries is $430,000.
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artial income statements of Company A and Company B are provided below: Company A Company B Which of the following statements is TRUE? Company A is a merchandising company. Company B is a manufacturing company. Company A is a manufacturing company. Company A is a service company.
Company A is a merchandising company, and Company B is a manufacturing company.
In the partial income statement of Company A, "Cost of goods sold" is mentioned which is not a part of the partial income statement of Company B. This indicates that Company A is a merchandising company because it sells goods it purchases from suppliers.
Company B, on the other hand, is a manufacturing company because it manufactures its goods.
A company's nature is determined by the nature of its work. Cost of goods sold (COGS) is calculated in a merchandising company's income statement. COGS is the cost of goods sold during a specific period in which the company operates. COGS isn't mentioned in Company B's income statement, which indicates that Company B is a manufacturing company.
Therefore, the correct statement is, Company A is a merchandising company, and Company B is a manufacturing company.
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You are considering opening a new plant. The plant will cost $100.6 million up front and will take one year to build. After that it is expected to produce profits of $30.3 million at the end of every year of production. The cash flows are expected to last forever. Calculate the NPV of this investment opportunity if your cost of capital is 7.4%. Should you make the investment? Calculate the IRR and use it to determine the maximum deviation allowable in the cost of capital estimate to leave the decision unchanged. The NPV of the project will be $ million. (Round to one decimal place.) You make the investment. (Select from the drop-down menu.) The IRR is %. (Round to two decimal places.) The maximum deviation allowable in the cost of capital estimate is %. (Round to two decimal places.)
Let us calculate the NPV of the investment opportunity at the end of every year of production
.NPV= $30.3 million/(1+0.074)¹ + $30.3 million/(1+0.074)² + ....+ $30.3 million/(1+0.074)ᵏ= $30.3 million [(1-1/(1+0.074)ᵏ)/0.074]
Let us calculate the k value for the cash flows that last forever. k= Infinity
NPV= $30.3 million/0.074= $409.46 million
Now, let us calculate the IRR of the project. The IRR is the discount rate that makes the NPV of an investment opportunity zero.
When we substitute (7.4 + x) % for r in the NPV formula, we get,
$409.46 million = $30.3 million [(1-1/(1+(7.4 + x)%)ᵏ)/(7.4 + x)%] When k = Infinity, $409.46 million = $30.3 million /(7.4 + x)% Solving for x, x = 0.3%.
The maximum deviation allowable in the cost of capital estimate is 0.3%.
The NPV of the project is $ 409.46 million.
Since it is greater than zero, the investment is worth making. The IRR is 11.9%.
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In 2019, Mrs. Ulm paid \( \$ 80,000 \) for a corporate bond with a \( \$ 100,000 \) stated redemption value. Based on the bond's yield to matur amortization of the \( \$ 20,000 \) discount was \( \$ 1
A bond is an instrument of indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders. It is a debt security, in which the issuer owes the holders a debt and, depending on the terms of the bond, is obliged to pay them interest (the coupon) and/or to repay the principal at a later date.
Bonds provide the borrower with external funds to finance long-term investments or capital expenditures, and they're often used by companies, municipalities, states, and sovereign governments.
Mrs. Ulm paid $80,000 in 2019 for a corporate bond with a $100,000 stated redemption value. The bond's yield to maturity was amortized, resulting in a $20,000 discount of $1,000. If the bond has a 10-year maturity and a 5% coupon rate, calculate the following:the bond's current yield, the bond's yield to maturity, and the bond's annual interest income. The following is a summary of how to calculate the current yield, yield to maturity, and annual interest income of a bond with a $100,000 face value, a $20,000 discount, a 10-year maturity, and a 5% coupon rate.
The current yield can be calculated by dividing the bond's annual interest income by its market price ($80,000):
Annual Interest Income = Bond's Face Value × Coupon Rate
= $100,000 × 5% = $5,000 Current Yield
= Annual Interest Income ÷ Market Price
= $5,000 ÷ $80,000 = 6.25%
The bond's yield to maturity (YTM) can be computed using the following formula:
YTM = (Annual Interest Income + Capital Gain or Loss) ÷ ((Face Value + Purchase Price) ÷ 2) × 100
where Annual Interest Income = Bond's Face Value × Coupon Rate
= $100,000 × 5% = $5,000 Capital Gain or Loss
= Face Value - Purchase Price = $100,000 - $80,000
= $20,000 YTM = ($5,000 + $20,000) ÷ (($100,000 + $80,000) ÷ 2) × 100
= 12.20%
Finally, the bond's annual interest income is simply the face value multiplied by the coupon rate,
or $100,000 × 5% = $5,000.
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When the contracting parties do what they promised to do, their duties are discharged, and the contract is terminated. Performance is: a. When a party does what they promised to do. b. the most common way that contracts are discharged. c. Not the only way to discharge a contract d. All of the above are correct. 2. When we discussed contract breach, we discussed material breaches and non-material breaches (a.k. "minor breaches"). The major difference between a material breach and a non-material breach is: a. a material breach refers to damage to the material being sold under the contract. b. a non-material breach concerns breaches not related to the contract material. c. I material breach relieves the non-breaching party from funther performance. d. The non-breaching party may not recover damages for a non-material breach. 7. The transfer of contract rights to a third person is an assignment. No special form is required. Generally, all rights can be assigned except when the contract itself contains an agreernent not to assign a right or - a. A statute prohibits assignment. b. A contract is personal in nature. c. An assignment will significantly change the risk or duties of the obligor. d. All of the above..
1. Performance is d. All of the above are correct.
2. The major difference between a material breach and a non-material breach is c. A material breach relieves the non-breaching party from further performance.
7. The transfer of contract rights to a third person is an assignment. No special form is required. Generally, all rights can be assigned except when the contract itself contains an agreement not to assign a right or: d. All of the above.
In the context of contracts, performance refers to when a party fulfills its obligations as promised. It can involve various actions, such as delivering goods or providing services. Option d. "All of the above are correct" is the correct answer because it encompasses the different aspects of the performance mentioned in options a, b, and c.
A material breach is a significant violation of a contract that goes to the heart of the agreement. It is a breach that is substantial enough to excuse the non-breaching party from further performance and may entitle them to remedies or damages. On the other hand, a non-material breach, also known as a minor breach, refers to a less significant violation that does not go to the essence of the contract. Option c. "A material breach relieves the non-breaching party from further performance" accurately describes the key difference between material and non-material breaches.
An assignment in contract law refers to the transfer of contract rights from one party (assignor) to a third person (assignee). Generally, all rights can be assigned unless certain exceptions apply. These exceptions include situations where the contract itself explicitly prohibits assignment, where a statute prohibits assignment, or where the contract is of a personal nature that would be inappropriate to assign. Option d. "All of the above" correctly identifies the factors that can restrict the ability to assign contract rights.
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Eggs in a certain country are traded in a competitive market. They are [6]
produced by domestic farmers and by farmers in a neighboring country.
Suppose that the government bans imports of eggs。
This question refers to the same egg market as in the question above. The [6]
price elasticity of supply is (+1.4) for domestic farmers. Farmers in the
neighboring country will always supply the same quantity independent of
price, and this quantity is 5% of the market before the ban. The price
elasticity of demand is (−0.6). Estimate numerically by how much the
price and quantity of eggs changes, following the ban of egg imports.
Eggs in a particular nation are exchanged in a competitive market. They are delivered by local farmers and farmers in a neighboring country. On the off chance that the public authority prohibits imports of eggs, the cost and quantity of eggs will change.
The price elasticity of supply is (+1.4) for domestic farmers. The price elasticity of supply represents how much the quantity supplied changes when the price changes. The price elasticity of supply is 1.4. It implies that for a 1% increase in price, the quantity supplied will increase by 1.4%. Domestic farmers have a price elasticity of supply of 1.4, which means that they can increase their production by 1.4% for each 1% increase in the price.
The price elasticity of demand is (-0.6). The price elasticity of demand represents how much the quantity demanded changes when the price changes. The price elasticity of demand is -0.6. It implies that for a 1% increase in price, the quantity demanded will decrease by 0.6%. The government has prohibited imports of eggs.
In such a scenario, there will be an increase in the domestic demand for eggs, as the imports have been prohibited, and the people will start relying on the domestic producers for their egg supplies. Moreover, the neighboring farmers will always supply the same quantity, which is 5% of the market before the ban.
As a result of the ban, the demand curve for eggs will shift towards the right side (upward). This will result in an increase in the price of eggs, as the demand for domestic eggs will increase, but the supply will remain constant, resulting in an increase in the price of eggs.
The percentage change in price is equal to the percentage change in demand divided by the price elasticity of demand.
So, the percentage change in price = (5%)/(0.6) = 8.33%.
Thus, the price of eggs will increase by 8.33%.
Now, to calculate the percentage change in quantity, we can use the price elasticity of supply.
The percentage change in quantity = (1.4)(8.33%) = 11.67%.
Thus, the quantity of eggs supplied will increase by 11.67% after the ban on imports of eggs.
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About [Company Name in black font] - Company's HQ country, industry, main products \& services, and years in business. - Locations and countries of subsidiaries and manufacturing operations (factories); countries it currently exports to and outsources from. - Company's competitive position in the industry, e.g. rank, market share, etc. - Company size and performance in terms of employees (turnover), annual sales revenues, profits, profit margin, growth rates, etc. - Current legal business ownership structure, e.g. proprietorship, partnership, private limited, public limited. - Current major owners/shareholders (holding 10% or more) and each one's \% share. - Company Sustainable Development Goals. (NOTE: All monetary amounts throughout the business plan must be provided in Canadian Dollars with commas separating groups of 3 digits. Example: \$1,450,000 CDN
The information on the company would be :
Company's HQ country: CanadaIndustry: TechnologyMain products & services: Software development, cloud computing, data analyticsHow to describe the company ?Locations and countries of subsidiaries and manufacturing operations (factories):
Headquarters: Vancouver, CanadaSubsidiaries: Toronto, Canada; New York, USA; London, UKManufacturing operations: Vancouver, CanadaCountries it currently exports to and outsources from:
Exports to: USA, UK, Europe, AsiaOutsources from: India, China, PhilippinesCompany's competitive position in the industry:
Rank: Top 10 software development companies in CanadaMarket share: 10%Company size and performance in terms of employees (turnover), annual sales revenues, profits, profit margin, growth rates, etc.:
Employees: 500Annual sales revenues: $100 million CDNProfits: $10 million CDNProfit margin: 10%Growth rates: 20% year-over-yearCompany Sustainable Development Goals:
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Kim Shaw is considering the purchase of a 5 year bond that pays a coupon rate of 7.75% over the life of the bond (annual payments) and a face value of $1000 that is returned at the bond's maturity. Using a yield to maturity of 8.50%, calculate to the nearest penny the value of the bond today.
The bond value using yield to maturity is 911.03. Yield to maturity is a critical calculation that is often used to evaluate the attractiveness of bonds or other fixed-income investments.
It's a calculation that takes into account a variety of factors to determine the average annual return a bondholder will receive if they hold a bond until it matures. It represents the rate of return expected from an investment in a bond held till maturity.
The value of the bond today can be calculated by adding the present value of the bond's interest payments and the present value of the bond's face value: Value of bond today= PV of coupon payments + PV of face value
= 309.45 + 657.05= 966.50
So, the bond value using yield to maturity is 966.50. Answering the question, the value of Kim Shaw’s bond today is 966.50.
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Using a Bible verse, explain how Christian worldview (CWV) perspectives relate to how Tesla needs to change the management service as Tesla has a massive quality control issue.
Here is the CWV:
Therefore, we recognize and embrace the potential of human work for furthering the greater good and strive to advance the interest of the culture and the society through education and the embodiment of biblical principles related to goodness and justice.
* Using relevant Bible verses, explain how the proposed changes would demonstrate how recognizing and embracing the potential of human work through the embodiment of biblical principles related to goodness and justice will enhance the culture within the organization and society.
So, the question is, what is a bible verse about the change of service management as Tesla has a massive quality control issue?
There may not be a specific Bible verse about changing service management at Tesla, biblical principles such as integrity, accountability, and excellence can be applied to guide the proposed changes.
It is important to note that the Bible does not directly address specific management issues like quality control at a company such as Tesla. The verse you provided focuses on the potential of human work for the greater good and embodying biblical principles related to goodness and justice.
To address the proposed changes at Tesla, we can draw upon biblical principles such as integrity, accountability, and excellence. These principles can guide the management service to prioritize quality control and ensure that the products meet the highest standards.
For example, Proverbs 22:29 states, "Do you see someone skilled in their work? They will serve before kings; they will not serve before officials of low rank." This verse encourages individuals to develop and showcase their skills in their work. By emphasizing excellence and skillfulness in management, Tesla can elevate the quality control processes and create a positive impact on the organization and society.
In conclusion, while there may not be a specific Bible verse about changing service management at Tesla, biblical principles such as integrity, accountability, and excellence can be applied to guide the proposed changes.
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given these figures, is the firm currently allocating its production resources optimally? if not, what should it do? (consider output per person as a proxy for marginal product.) b suppose the firm wants to consolidate all its manufacturing into one facility. where should it locate? explain
Given the figures provided, we need to determine if the firm is currently allocating its production resources optimally. To do this, we can consider the output per person as a proxy for marginal product.
Optimal allocation refers to using resources in a way that maximizes output or productivity. If a firm is currently not achieving the highest possible output per person, it may not be optimally allocating its production resources. In such cases, the firm should consider making adjustments to improve its resource allocation.Overall, the optimal location for consolidating manufacturing would involve careful analysis of these factors and selecting a location that minimizes costs and maximizes efficiency for the firm.
In summary, without specific figures and data, it is not possible to determine if the firm is optimally allocating its production resources. However, optimal allocation refers to maximizing output per person. If the firm is not achieving this, adjustments may be necessary. When consolidating manufacturing into one facility, the optimal location depends on various factors such as proximity to raw materials, transportation networks, labor availability, market demand, and cost considerations.
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1 Open Microsoft Access, and create a new database called CCC (standing for Clean Clothes Company).
2 Create a table called Customers. The attributes of the Customer table are the following:
Customer_Id (Primary Key)
Lastname
Firstname
SAddress
City
State
ZipCode
Phone
Email
Microsoft Access is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that is easy to use, cost-effective, and helps users to track, manage, and report information efficiently.
Users can create their own database by following a few simple steps. Below are the steps to create a new database called CCC (Clean Clothes Company) in Microsoft Access and create a table called Customers with the following attributes:Customer_Id (Primary Key)LastnameFirstnameSAddressCityStateZipCodePhoneEmailStep 1: Open Microsoft Access and create a new database called CCC. Launch the Microsoft Access application.
Click the "Blank Database" button under the "Available Templates" section. Enter the database name CCC in the "File Name" field. Click the "Create" button. Your new database will be created.Step 2: Create a table called Customers. Click the "Create" tab on the Ribbon. Click "Table Design" in the "Tables" group.
Add the following fields to the table in the "Table Design" view: Customer_Id: Set the data type to "AutoNumber" and set the "Primary Key" property to "Yes".
Last name: Set the data type to "Text".
First name: Set the data type to "Text".
S Address: Set the data type to "Text".
City: Set the data type to "Text".
State: Set the data type to "Text".
Zip Code: Set the data type to "Text".
Phone: Set the data type to "Text".
Email: Set the data type to "Text".
Step 3: Save the table. Save the table by clicking the "Save" button on the Quick Access Toolbar. Enter the table name "Customers" and click the "OK" button.The above steps can be used to create a table called Customers in the database called CCC with the attributes mentioned above.
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walter likes his morning coffee, and sausage biscuit, and he always stops at dunkin donuts because it is on his way to work. walter is being influenced by the place element of the marketing mix..
a. True
b. False
The statement “Walter likes his morning coffee, and sausage biscuit, and he always stops at Dunkin Donuts because it is on his way to work. Walter is being influenced by the place element of the marketing mix” is True.
Marketing mix involves four elements, which are also known as the 4 Ps of marketing. Marketing mix also include the product, price, promotion, and place.
Place, which is also known as distribution, involves getting a product or service to the customer at the right time and location. It is the process of selecting the right channel of distribution to reach out to customers.
Place element focuses on how products can be distributed to the consumers, which is of great significance.
Place is vital because it influences other marketing decisions such as pricing and promotion.
Place can be seen in stores, online channels, and other distribution platforms.
Walter prefers Dunkin Donuts because it is located on his way to work, which is a significant influence in his purchasing decision. This is a clear example of how the place element of marketing mix influences consumers' decision to purchase a product or service.
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Assume that the situation can be exprossod as a linear cost function. Find the cost function in this case. Marginal cost: $35; 150 items cost $6000 to produce. The linear cost function is C(x)=
The linear cost function in this case is C(x) = $35x + $750.
The linear cost function represents the relationship between the quantity produced (x) and the total cost (C). In this case, the cost function is linear, which means that the cost increases linearly with the quantity produced.
The coefficient of x, which is $35, represents the variable cost per unit. It indicates that for each unit produced, there is an additional cost of $35.
The constant term $750 represents the fixed cost component. It is the cost that remains constant regardless of the quantity produced.
By multiplying the variable cost per unit ($35) by the quantity produced (x) and adding the fixed cost ($750), we can calculate the total cost (C) for any given quantity produced (x) using the linear cost function C(x) = $35x + $750.
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If a union sets the wage rate to maximize the total wage receipts of its members, the marginal revenue would be positive, but greater than 1. zero. positive, but less than 1. negative. QUESTION 8 The monopsonist will employ labor to the point at which the marginal factor cost equals the marginal revenue product of labor. marginal revenue product equals the wage rate. marginal cost of output equals the marginal revenue. demand equals the supply of labor.
If a union sets the wage rate to maximize the total wage receipts of its members, the marginal revenue would be positive but less than 1.
What is marginal revenue?
Marginal revenue (MR) refers to the additional revenue that a company receives for each additional unit of output. It's calculated by dividing the change in total revenue by the change in output.
Marginal revenue is maximized when MR = 0. This is true in perfect competition since an individual firm's output does not affect market price.
Marginal revenue in unions The marginal revenue of the union depends on the elasticity of demand for the union's labor. Marginal revenue is greater than 1 in a monopolistic union and less than 1 in an oligopolistic union. A monopolistic union raises wages by decreasing employment, resulting in a loss of profits in firms.
The formula for a union's optimal wage rate is W = 1 / E * (1 / E - 1) * (1 / E - 2) * ... * (1 / E - n), where W is the optimal wage rate, E is the elasticity of demand for labor, and n is the number of other firms in the market.
The monopsonist will employ labor to the point at which the marginal factor cost equals the marginal revenue product of labor.
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Case Study
Economy Hotels Limited owned certain 5-star hotel properties across India. After the COVID situation improved the company wanted to start its operations. However, the directors also felt that the Company should now focus on some more diversified business venture that can be easily carried on with the hotel business. Some of the promoter director proposed to start a travel business where they could rent out car fleets to their own hotels as well as to other offices and hotels. One director proposed to start/promote a professionally managed laundry business that would not only cater to all the properties of Economy Hotels Limited but also to other Hotels, Hospitals, Schools, Hostels etc. It would however not render its services to retail clients or individuals. One of the director’s Son has returned from US and wanted to automate the entire systems of Economy Hotels Limited and he has created his own software. He has absolute one-man ownership and has the required Intellectual Property rights in the same. But he is not sure what type of company he should set up so that no one else other than him has any ability to control the affairs. He wants to earn something by selling his intellect to Economy Hotels Limited and other hotel companies. The Daughter of one of the directors has completed her MBA from IMT Nagpur and wanted to join the family business. She needs to apprise the Board about her role or legal provisions which she could use to get into the Board. In order to expand the business of the Company, the Board decided to borrow money against the security of some property from the State Bank of India. But as the bank was not so optimistic about new ventures it wanted to have some control over the decisions made at the Board level and appoint a Nominee Director. Lastly, the Board decided to bring on board a new Director who had completed his studies at IIT Bombay and would lead the Company in business analytics and automation. However, as he is from a science background he has no idea about the role, expectations, and responsibility of a director. The CHRO was requested to make a small presentation for him to acquaint him with the aspects associated with the position of director especially related to disclosure of interest and position of trust.
Q) As the daughter of one of the Directors how will you place yourself before the Board establishing your utility and role? Are there any legal requirements to support you?
As the daughter of one of the Directors, I would place myself before the Board by highlighting my educational qualifications and work experience that could be useful to the company.
I would discuss how my skills and knowledge could contribute to the growth of the company and support the Board's vision for the business. I would also emphasize my commitment to the company and my willingness to work hard and learn from experienced colleagues. By demonstrating my eagerness to learn and contribute, I hope to convince the Board that I would be an asset to the company and deserving of a role.
In terms of legal requirements, the Companies Act 2013 allows for the appointment of a Director who is related to another Director, subject to certain conditions. For example, a Director who is related to another Director must disclose his or her relationship with the Board and refrain from participating in any Board meetings where there is a conflict of interest.
Therefore, I would assure the Board that I would adhere to all legal requirements and ethical practices in the performance of my role.
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You have the following information for Pyro Inc. during their first year of operations: Contribution Margin using Variable Costing is: 1) \( \$ 121,500 \) 2) \( \$ 150,000 \) 3) \( \$ 252,000 \) 4) \(
Pyro Inc. manufactures fireworks. During the first year of operations, it recorded the following information: Sales: $550,000; Variable Costs: $357,500;
Fixed Costs: $150,000; Units Sold: 50,000. We need to determine the contribution margin and contribution margin ratio using variable costing.SolutionVariable Costing formulaContribution Margin = Sales – Variable CostsContribution Margin Ratio = Contribution Margin / Sales
Contribution Margin = $550,000 – $357,500Contribution Margin = $192,500Contribution Margin Ratio = $192,500 / $550,000Contribution Margin Ratio = 0.35 = 35%
Therefore, the Contribution Margin using Variable Costing for Pyro Inc. during their first year of operations is $192,500.
ConclusionThe contribution margin using variable costing for Pyro Inc. during their first year of operations is $192,500.
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Freedom of Speech
Oftentimes, organizations and governments feel that they can keep information secure by silencing anyone who learns the secret. Here is a legal case involving just that, as well as raising questions about freedom of speech. The students, in this case, were doing a team project for a class with a well-respected professor who is an expert in information security. Do some additional reading about the case before formulating your answer and provide support for your position.
In 2008, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) obtained a temporary restraining order barring three Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) students from publicly displaying what they claimed to be a way to get "free subway rides for life." Specifically, the 10-day injunction prohibited the students from revealing vulnerabilities of the MBTA's fare card. The students were scheduled to present their findings in Las Vegas at the DEF CON® Hacking Conference. Were the students' actions legal? Were their actions ethical? Discuss your answer from the students' perspective and then from the perspective of the MBTA.
Student actions may be legal from their point of view, but unethical and potentially illegal from the MBTA's point of view.
From the student's point of view, their actions can be considered legal as they don't have any malicious intent but just carried out a research project to expose vulnerabilities in the fare card system of the university. MBTA. They plan to present their findings at a hacking conference, which can be seen as an opportunity to raise awareness and promote the MBTA to address its weaknesses.
However, from the MBTA's perspective, students' actions could be seen as unethical and potentially illegal, as they could be seen as contributing to potential fare evasion and influencing the security of their transportation system. The legal and ethical implications will require further analysis of the case and related laws and regulations.
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Exercise 12−7 Identification of Relevant Costs [LO1] Hart Company sells and dellvers office furniture across Western Canada. The costs assoclated with the acquisition and annual operation of a delivery truck are given below: Required: 1. Assume that Hart Company owns one truck that has been driven 31,000 kllometres during the first year. Compute the average cost per kilometre of owning and operating the truck, (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) 2. This part of the question is not part of your Connect assignment. 3. Assume that the company decides to use the truck during the second year. Near year-end, an order is recelved from a customer over 1,000 kilometres away. What costs from the previous list are relovant in a decision between using the truck to make the delivery and having the delivery done commerclally? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) 4. Occasionally, the company could use two trucks at the same time. For this reason, some thought is being glven to purchasing a second truck. The total kllometres driven would be the same as if only one truck were owned. What costs from the previous list are relevant to a decision about whether to purchase the second truck?
Hart Company sells and delivers office furniture across Western Canada. The costs associated with the acquisition and annual operation of a delivery truck are given below: Data given: Annual fixed costs (for depreciation, insurance, etc.) $ 20,000Variable cost per kilometre (gas, oil, tires, etc.) 0.35Total annual cost $ 34,000Annual kilometres driven 40,000 Required:1.
Assume that Hart Company owns one truck that has been driven 31,000 kilometers during the first year. Compute the average cost per kilometer of owning and operating the truck.Annual Fixed Costs = $20,000Variable cost per kilometer = $0.35Total Annual Cost = $34,000Annual kilometers driven = 40,000 kilometers
For the truck driven 31,000 kilometers: Annual Fixed Costs = $20,000 x (31,000/40,000) = $15,500Variable cost per kilometer = $0.35Average cost per kilometer = (Annual Fixed Costs + Total Annual Cost) / Annual kilometers driven = ($15,500 + $34,000) / 31,000 km = $1.45 per kilometer.
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Which one of the following best describes the way in which law is made in Queensland? a. Laws are passed by a majority vote in only the Queensland Lower House, given Royal Assent by the Governor of Queensland and then put to refendum b. Laws are passed by a majority vote in the Queensland Parliament and given Royal Assent by the Governor of Queensland. c. Laws are passed by a majority vote in the Queensland Parliament. d. Laws are passed by a majority vote in the Queensland Legislative Assembly and by a majority vote in the Queensland Legislative Council and given Royal Assent by the Governor-General. e. Laws are passed by a majority vote in the Queensland Legislative Assembly and by a majority vote in the Queensland Legislative Council and given Royal Assent by the Governor of Queensland. QUESTION 2 The Queensland Parliament passes a piece of legislation that sets harsher penalties for persons who steal, or attempt to steal goods from is called the Shoplifting Amendment Act 2022 (QId). One month later, the Commonwealth Parliament passes legislation reducing penalties for persons who steal, or attempt to steal goods from shops. It is called the Petty Theft Act 2022 (Cth). The two pieces of legislation are contradictory. Which of the following is correct? a. Only the Commonwealth Parliament can pass this legislation as an Exclusive power under section 51 of the Constitution. Section 109 will then be applied to determine that the Commonwealth legislation will prevail, to the extent of the inconsistency. c. Only the Commonwealth Parliament can pass this legislation, based on section 109 of the Constitution. d. Only the Queensland Parliament can pass this legislation, based on section 109 of the Constitution. e. Only the Queensland Parliament can pass this legislation as a Residual power under the Constitution.
B. Laws are passed by a majority vote in the Queensland Parliament and given Royal Assent by the Governor of Queensland is the correct description of the way law is made in Queensland.
The Queensland Parliament is the legislative branch of the Queensland government.
It is composed of two houses:
the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council (which has been suspended since 1922).
Laws are passed by a majority vote in the Queensland Parliament and given Royal Assent by the Governor of Queensland.
Bills may be introduced in either house, and both must pass the bill before it can become law.
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