The principal negative ion i.e. anion that is present in the Extracellular fluid ( ecf ) in high concentrations is Chloride ( Cl ⁻ ) .
Chloride ion is a major contributor for the Osmotic Pressure gradient between the Intracellular Fluid ( ICF ) and Extra Cellular Fluid ( ECF ) . It plays a role of immense importance in maintaining proper hydration. Chloride also plays an important role to balance cations in the ECF, hence maintaining the electrical neutrality of this fluid.
Hypochloremia is a disease in which blood chloride levels are lower-than-normal . Hyperchloremia is a disease in which blood chloride levels are higher-than-normal blood chloride levels . It can occur due to dehydration, excessive intake of NaCl .
Hence , The principal negative ion i.e. anion that is present in the Extracellular fluid ( ecf ) in high concentrations is Chloride ( Cl ⁻ ) .
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Chloride ion ( Cl ⁻ ) is the principal negative ion i.e. anion that is present in the Extracellular fluid ( ECF) in high concentrations .
Chloride ion is a major contributor for the Osmotic Pressure gradient between the Intracellular Fluid ( ICF ) and Extra Cellular Fluid ( ECF ) . It plays a role of immense importance in maintaining proper hydration. Chloride also plays an important role to balance cations in the ECF, hence maintaining the electrical neutrality of this fluid.
Hypochloremia is a disease in which blood chloride levels are lower-than-normal . Hyperchloremia is a disease in which blood chloride levels are higher-than-normal blood chloride levels . It can occur due to dehydration, excessive intake of NaCl .
Hence , The principal negative ion i.e. anion that is present in the Extracellular fluid (ECF ) in high concentrations is Chloride ( Cl ⁻ ) .
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Evaluate the advantages of the current naming system compared to the earlier system
Answer:
This naming is essential for the classification and organization of organisms which makes the study of an organism easier and understandable. It gives the precision and clarity for the naming of an organism which prevents confusion. Scientific names help the reader to learn something about the organism.
The pathogenic fungus Fusicoccum amygdali secretes a toxin called fusicoccin that activates the plasma membrane proton pumps of plant cell membranes. Suggest how F. amygdali infection of leaves could lead to severe dehydration in plants.
The infection of leaves by the pathogenic fungus Fusicoccum amygdali would lead to severe dehydration in plants through causing uncontrolled opening of stomata.
What is dehydration?Dehydration is the condition that arises following excessive loss of water from a living cell which may be severe when not controlled or in disease conditions.
The pathogenic fungus, Fusicoccum amygdali, is able to cause dehydration in plants through attacking the leaves of the plant.
They are able to cause infection through the release of toxins called fusicoccin.
The fusicoccin is able to activate plasma membrane proton pumps of plant cell membranes of the stomata of the plant leaves.
This in turn leads to uncontrolled loss of water resulting to dehydration.
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_______is the density of nitrogen prepared from nitrogen compounds significantly different from that prepared from air.
0.07271) 0.0780722) is the density of nitrogen prepared from nitrogen compounds significantly different from that prepared from air.
What makes nitrogen different from air?In actuality, the composition of ambient air is around 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases.
Because it is least reactive, nitrogen is more abundant in the air. It is produced by plants and surface soil bacteria, which then breaks it down into ammonium, nitrites, and nitrates before returning it to the environment as free nitrogen.
At all pressures and temperatures, oxygen is somewhat less dense than both air and nitrogen. We normally don't care which is lighter or heavier because they don't separate from one another.
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An antioxidant is a(n) _________ agent that reacts with certain agents in the body. the objective is that the antioxidant will be in preference to human cells or dna.
An Antioxidant is a reducing agent that reacts with certain oxidizing agents in the body. The objective is that the antioxidant will be oxidized in preference to human cells or DNA.
A chemical known as an antioxidant stops oxidation. Actually, they work as reducing agents.
An antioxidant is a substrate that stops molecules inside of a cell from oxidizing. It is a common chemical procedure that enables the removal of hydrogen or electrons from a material. The biological oxidation process results in the production of free radicals. The chain reaction is triggered simultaneously by the radicals because of their reactivity. A cell may suffer harm or perhaps pass away as a result of this. Therefore, by removing free radical intermediates, antioxidant drugs can stop a chain reaction.Antioxidants can be thought of as reducing agents since they are oxidized while acting as antioxidants. Ascorbic acid, thiols, and polyphenols are a few examples. Antioxidants are frequently added to diet as supplements.To know more about reducing agents visit:
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A relatively small organelle that contains enzymes that oxidize organic substances.
A relatively small organelle that contains enzymes that oxidize organic substances is peroxisomes.
We can define peroxisomes as small, membrane-bound organelles where various oxidative reactions take place. Apart from oxidative reactions, peroxisomes are also involved in detoxification reactions. They are also involved in the making of membrane lipids.
These small vesicle organelles, referred to as peroxisomes, are found in all eukaryotic organisms.
By the process of oxidation, organic compounds are broken down by peroxisomes. Peroxisomes contain different enzymes for oxidative reactions to occur. As a result of these oxidation reactions, hydrogen peroxide is made. The hydrogen peroxide produced is toxic to the cells and hence catalase readily converts this hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water.
Compounds like fatty acids and amino acids are oxidized in the peroxisomes.
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A student what to discover how light affects planet growth. What is the independent (manipulated) variable?
The size of the container
The color of light the plant receives
The amount of water the plant receives
How tall the plant grows
What are drawn as arrows that are used to show both size and direction
Answer:
a vector
An arrow has both a magnitude (how long it is) and a direction (the direction in which it points). The starting point of a vector is known as the tail and the end point is known as the head.
a container of volume 30 cm cube was filled with a liquid of mass 6 grams calculate the density of the liquid
Answer: have this same qeustion need help
Explanation:
help
A prairie nature reserve is home to a population of pheasants. This year, the population of pheasants has increased sharply, and scientists think the population has exceeded the carrying capacity. The reserve is also home to a small, scattered population of bison. Scientists think that the bison population is significantly below carrying capacity, although it has been increasing gradually from year to year.
Both the pheasant and bison populations of the nature reserve could be affected by a variety of limiting factors. Which limiting factor affects both populations about equally?
(A) competition within the population for food and water
(B) parasites that spread among species members
(C) a wildfire that spreads across the prairie grasses
(D) competition within the population for living space
(E) native predators that hunt and kill species members
The limiting factor which affects both populations about equally is competition within the population for living space and is therefore denoted as option D.
What is Competition?
This is defined as a type of rivalry between organisms or species for resources such as food, space etc in a particular area over a given period of time.
Since we were told that the the bison population is significantly below carrying capacity and the pheasant population has exceeded the carrying capacity in the same nature reserve then the competition for space affects both equally which is why increase in both has been effectively managed.
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The __________ are the branches at the end of the axon. a. neural receptors b. axon terminals c. myelin sheath d. cell bodies please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answer:
The end branches of an axon are called telodendria. The swollen end of a telodendron is known as the Axon Terminal which joins the dendron or cell body of another neuron forming a synaptic connection.
Explanation:
So it's letter b.
Mucosal cells make up the mucosa, which lines the lumen. Mucosal cells are in direct contact with food and harsh digestive secretions. How long do the mucosal cells live?.
Mucosal cells make up the mucosa, which lines the lumen. Mucosal cells are in direct contact with food and harsh digestive secretions. The mucosal cells live for two to five days.
The mucosal cells are present in the epithelial lining of many of the cavities and organs of the body. The main function associated with mucosal cells is the secretion of mucus.
The mucosal cells of the lumen secrete mucosa which acts as a lubricant for the food in the lumen and also kills bacteria. As mucosal cells of the lumen have to survive harsh conditions such as acidic pH, digestive secretions etc, hence these cells live for only two to five days. New mucosal cells are made continuously and the damaged ones are removed from the body.
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which method carries the highest risk of failure ?
The first step in the production of seeds is pollination. Researchers studying pollination failure have demonstrated that it can happen at all stages and levels of the dispersal process.
Why does this method carry the highest risk of failure?If pollen is transferred to a stigma too little, too much, too late, too mixed in composition, or too poorly in quality, there is an increased risk of pollination failure. It is connected to plants when they are overly specialized or selective as well as pollinators when they are too few or inconsistent. It is linked to communities that are too fragmented, genetically deficient, or undergoing rapid change, as well as populations that are too small, too few, or genetically uniform. The successful conservation and recovery of rare plants, the maintenance of crop yields, and the sustainable use of resources from wild plants, such as forest lumber, can all be aided by an understanding of the causes of pollination failure in plants.To learn more about pollination visit:
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A true breeding plant with seeds in white pods is crossed to a true breeding pea plant with seeds in orange pods. the offspring of this cross all have seeds found in orange pods. this indicates that:
Answer:
A true breeding plant with seeds in white pods is crossed to a true breeding pea plant with seeds in orange pods. the offspring of this cross all have seeds found in orange pods. this indicates that:Dominant
Why would it be important that many metabolic byproducts be precursors for gluconeogenesis?
Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process by which organisms produce sugars (i.e., glucose) from non-carbohydrate precursors for catabolism.
Glucose is the sole energy source used by the brain (excluding ketone bodies during fasting), testicles, red blood cells, and renal medulla. In mammals, this process takes place in the liver and kidneys. Energy requirements are critical to sustaining life. Organisms have evolved ways to make the substrates needed for the catabolic reactions necessary to sustain life when the necessary substrates are not available. The main energy source for eukaryotes is glucose. When glucose is not available. The process of converting pyruvate to glucose is called gluconeogenesis. Another way organisms obtain glucose is from energy stores such as glycogen and starch. Gluconeogenesis is very similar to glycolysis, but the process is reversed. However, there are exceptions. Glycolysis has three highly exergonic steps (steps 1, 3 and 10). These are also regulatory steps involving enzymes such as hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. Biological reactions can go both forward and backward. As the reaction proceeds in the opposite direction, the energy normally released in this reaction is required. If gluconeogenesis were simply reversed, the reaction would require too much energy for that particular organism to benefit.
We have further developed three enzymes that replace the glycolytic enzymes hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase as they undergo cytotoxicity.
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Using the following words, describe in one 5- sentence paragraph what happens in the water cycle: precipitation, evaporation, condensation, transpiration, runoff, infiltration, solid, liquid, gas.
Water cycle is water circulation on Earth. It goes from liquid, to gas, to solid, to liquid state again. As water moves thourgh the cycle, it suffers evaporation, precipitation, infiltration, and runsoff.
What is the water cycle?
The water cycle is the water circulation process on the Earth, passing through its different states, and impulsed by solar energy. The cycle repeats continuously.
As water moves along the cycle, it suffers different transformations (gas ⇔ liquid ⇔ solid). It can suffer,
- evaporation
- condensation
- precipitation
- collection
Evaporation
Water evaporates from different water mass surfaces, turning from liquid to gas state. These gases move forward to the atmosphere.
Condensation
Once in the atmosphere, water in its gas state reaches heights of low temperature, where it condenses and returns to its liquid state. Drops of water accumulate in clouds.
Precipitation
When water drops are too big, they break equilibrium and precipitate creating rain. Depending on the temperature at which they are exposed, precipitations might be either drop (liquid), snow, or hail (solid).
Collection
It refers to the destiny of water on Earth. Once it gets to the surface, water can end
in water bodies like rivers, oceans, and streams.
taken and consumed by living beings.
infiltrating on the ground where it accumulates (underground water). It depends on the ground permeability and plant cover.
running off, which occurs when the ground is too eroded and compact, and water can not infiltrate. So it moves over the surface until it reaches a lower plane area. It might end up evaporating, being consumed, or in a water body.
And so the cycle begins again.
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All organic compounds contain the element _____
A. Nitrogen
B. Oxygen
C. Carbon
D. Phosphorus
Answer:
C. Carbon
Explanation:
Carbon is the only element that is found in all the organic compounds.
how does frequent washing of hands with soap and water help to prevent germs and infectious disease
Answer:
Washing your hands with plain soap and water removes germs, including antibiotic-resistant germs. Keeping your hands clean can prevent the spread of germs, reducing the risk for antibiotic-resistant infections.
Explanation:
HELP ASP I SILL GIVE BRAILEST AND 10 points
The Bohr atomic model explains the radical departure first that incorporated quantum theory and predecessor of wholly quantum-mechanical models.
What is Bohr model ?
The postulates are electrons revolve around the nucleus in a specific circular orbits which are designated by the letter K,L,M.; Electrons move in particular orbit, they can neither gain nor loose energy and these orbits are called stationary orbits.
The electron jump from lower to higher orbit absorb energy and if an electron jump from high to lower then it release energy in the form of radiations.
The electron model is where the donors contribute the charge of an electron, and acceptors contribute a space for same, ultimately contributing a fictional positive charge.
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PLEASE HELP!!!!!! ASAP
Answer:
C
Explanation:
I guessed lollolololololol
A suspicious breast lump is noted on a mammogram. the client asks the nurse which diagnostic test confirms if the lump is cancerous or benign. which response by the nurse is most correct?
Biopsy is the correct response by the nurse for a suspicious breast lump noted on a mammogram.
What is a biopsy?A biopsy is the procedure when a small sample of tissue is taken from the body and examined more closely.When an initial examination reveals an area of tissue in the body isn't normal, a doctor should advise a biopsy. Unusual tissue may be referred to by medical professionals as a lesion, tumor, or mass.What is the purpose of a biopsy?A biopsy can be used to help diagnose cancer or other conditions. Discover the many types of biopsies and what to anticipate. A biopsy is a process to take a sample of your body's cells or tissue so that it may be examined in a lab.To learn more about biopsy visit:
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What is one other possible xplanation for the observed difference between the percentages of patients in the antibiotic?
Since the observed percentages are very close together as less than 3 percent apart, it is just due to random chance.
The observed discrepancy between the percentages of the two groups might just be a matter of chance. The medical word for inflammation (swelling) of the sinus and nasal lining is rhinosinusitis, or more often, sinusitis.
The face bones' hollow spaces that connect to the nasal passages are known as the sinuses. Like the inside of the nose, the sinuses are lined by mucous membranes. There were no differences in the compared treatments for illness complications, disease recurrence, or study dropouts due to adverse events.
In conclusion, there is a slight therapeutic advantage to using antibiotics for acute sinusitis compared to a placebo, but the risk of side effects also increases.
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Question correction:
Your findings so far might suggest a real difference in effectiveness of antibiotic and placebo treatments for improving symptoms of sinusitis. However, this is not the only possible conclusion that can be drawn based on your findings so far. What is one other possible explanation for the observed difference between the percentages of patients in the antibiotic and placebo treatment groups that experience improvement in symptoms of sinusitis?
Explain and describe how blood flows from the foot to the lungs
CER elephants and lions need energy to survive macromolecule
Elephants use carbohydrates and protein for energy. Lions use protein and fat for energy.
What are macromolecule and energy?Carbohydrates are the macromolecule that serves as an organism's main source of energy.For instance, macromolecules offer structural support, a way to store energy, the capacity to store and access genetic data, and the capacity to quicken metabolic processes. Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids are the four main categories of macromolecules that perform these crucial roles in a cell's life.Elephants use carbohydrates and protein for energy. Elephants eat 3 different types of hay. Each type of hay has mainly carbohydrates plus smaller amounts of protein. Hay has no lipids. Lions use protein and fat for energy. Lions eat 3 different types of animal (meat). Each type of animal has mainly protein plus a smaller amount of protein.During chemical reactions such as digestion, the bonds in large molecules are broken and energy is released. Since elephants eat hay, they are getting carbohydrates and proteins to use for energy when the hay is digested. The energy released when the food molecule bonds are broken can be used for survival.During chemical reactions such as digestion, the bonds in large molecules are broken and energy is released. Since lions eat beef, deer, and pig meat, they are getting proteins and lipids to use for energy after digestion.To know more about macromolecule, visit:
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What is the fundamental difference between the feedback mechanism involving oxytocin and birth and the mechanism involving insulin and blood sugar?
According to the given statement:
Insulin's activity is intended to function as a negative feedback system.There is no typical homeostatic range for birthing.Insulin's purpose in this is to generate facilitated diffusion pathways in body cell plasma membranes, allowing glucose to enter the cell.During labor, the level of oxytocin continues to rise until the end point is achieved.Briefing:Insulin's activity is intended to function as a negative feedback mechanism. The objective is to maintain blood sugar levels within normal homeostatic limits. Insulin's purpose in this situation is to open wider developmental channels in body cell plasma membranes, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, blood sugar levels fall. Other actions will be taken as needed to raise blood sugar levels. There is no typical homeostatic range for birthing. There is a climactic endpoint, which is birth. During labor, the level of oxytocin continues to rise until the end point is achieved.
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Almost all rocks sink but a type of rock called pumice floats. Based on the reading, what would you say about the density of this floating rock compared to the density of water
Answer:
i would say that the rock's density is lower due to the rock having the ability to float, and if the rock was more dense it would have sinked.
Explanation:
well I pretty much just explained it in the answer
Brendan made a chart to categorize the characteristics of animals.
An empty 2-column table titled Characteristics of Animals. Column 1 is labeled Always. Column 2 is labeled Sometimes.
Which phrase should be written in the column titled "Sometimes”?
The phrase that should be written in the column titled 'sometimes' is 'irregular occurrences'.
What are the characteristics of animals?The characteristics of animals are those features that area exhibited by animals which distinguishes them from other living things.
Some of the characteristics of animals include the following:
Multicellularity,Eukaryotic Cell Structure.Specialized Tissues,Sexual Reproduction,A Blastula Stage of Development,Motility (The Ability to Move),Heterotrophy (The Ability to Ingest Food), andAdvanced Nervous Systems.Not all these features are seen in all animals that is the reason why there should be a column for always and sometimes which can be replaced with the phrase 'irregular occurrences'.
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how is the function of a cone cell related to the structure
Answer:
Cone cells, or cones, are one of the two types of photoreceptor cells that are in the retina of the eye which are responsible for color vision as well as eye color sensitivity; they function best in relatively bright light, as opposed to rod cells that work better in dim light.
Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession? A. A tornado B. A volcanic eruption C. A flood D. A drought
Answer:
b) A volcanic eruption
Explanation:
A volcanic eruption is the catastrophic event most likely will have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession. Hence, option (b) is correct.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
l think bcoz volcanic eruption has to do with fire and then it effects the ecosystem and because people are examples of the ecosystem
The citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain are connected biochemical reactions. the oxidation of succinate to fumarate is tied to _____ in the electron transport chain.
The citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain are connected biochemical reactions. the oxidation of succinate to fumarate is tied to the reduction of Complex 2 and the reduction of FAD to FADH2 in the electron transport chain. Hence, 1 and 3 are the right responses.
Complex II in this instance uses the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase to oxidize succinate to fumarate. Therefore, this complex is also known as respiratory complex II, succinate dehydrogenase complex, or succinate coenzyme Q complex.
Along with the oxidation of succinate to fumarate, ubiquinone is reduced to ubiquinol during this phase. The TCA cycle's sixth step is this. Succinate is oxidized, and FADH2 is created. It is made when FAD is converted into FADH2.
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Question correction:
The Citric Acid Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain are connected biochemical reactions. The oxidation of succinate to fumarate is tied to in the electron transport chain. Which two answer choices correctly complete the sentence?
the reduction of Complex 2 the oxidation of FMN to FMNH2 the reduction of FAD to FADH2 the reduction of FMN to FMNH2 the oxidation of FAD to FADH2 the reduction of Complex 1 The law of supply and demand
is a simplification of economic patterns. What
other factors might affect the cost of copper?
Aside from the economics, copper is utilised to transfer energy and is found in almost everything electric. Because copper is frequently utilised for its quality and applications, its price may rise.
What is the significance of copper in the economy?Copper demand has always been a good predictor of economic health. It is a "workhorse metal" utilised in a variety of sectors and consumer uses, including plumbing and refrigeration, as well as smart phones and solar panels. Copper demand grows as companies expand, new homes are built, and vehicles are manufactured.
Taxation and government regulation, supplier market power, the availability of replacement goods, and economic cycles may all move or change the form of supply and demand curves.
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