According to specific heat capacity, 3360 J are released when a 8.00-gram sample of water changes from liquid to solid at 0°C.
What is specific heat capacity?Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree Celsius. It has units of calories or joules per gram per degree Celsius.
It varies with temperature and is different for each state of matter. Water in the liquid form has the highest specific heat capacity among all common substances .Specific heat capacity of a substance is infinite as it undergoes phase transition ,it is highest for gases and can rise if the gas is allowed to expand.
It is given by the formula ,
Q=mcΔT
Substituting values in above formula Q= 8×4.2×(100-0)=3360 J.
Thus, 3360 J are released when a 8.00-gram sample of water changes from liquid to solid at 0°C.
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Why is CuSO_3 called copper (II) sulfite?
The Cu in the formula is where the Copper is found. The (II) is derived from the complex's copper's oxidation number. The SO3 ion is the source of sulfite.
Describe copper (Cu).
The chemical element copper (Cu) is a reddish, incredibly ductile metal belonging to Periodic Group 11 (Ib) that has an exceptional ability to conduct heat and electricity. In nature, copper can be found in its free metallic state.
What is the primary usage of copper?
Due to its ductility and excellent conductivity, copper is mostly used in electrical generators, home and auto wiring, and the wires in electronics like radios, TVs, computers, lighting, and motors.
What are the top 3 fascinating copper-related facts?
The 179,000 pounds of copper used to construct the Statue of Liberty. 400 pounds of copper are used in a typical home's electrical wiring, plumbing, and appliances. A typical automobile contains 50 pounds of copper. Every gold has a level of copper, even 24karat gold.
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9 The correct name for the compound Pb3(PO4)4 is (abzi 2) Lead (IV) phosphide Lead phosphide lead monophosphours lead (IV) phosphate
The correct name for the compound Pb3(PO4)4 is lead (IV) phosphate. Chemical substances known as compounds are made up of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together in a certain proportion.
A compound is created when two or more components join chemically in a predetermined mass ratio. A compound is a substance made up of two or more different types of elements together in a specific proportion of their atoms. Some of the particular qualities of the constituent parts are lost during fusion, while the newly created molecule acquires new characteristics. Chemical Formula: The chemical formula identifies a compound. The ratios of atoms that make up a certain chemical molecule are symbolically represented in a chemical formula. Water's chemical formula, H2O, indicates that one molecule of water is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. One sodium atom and one chlorine atom unite to make a single molecule of common salt, as shown by its chemical formula, NaCl. Salts and molecular compounds are the two categories into which compounds can be divided. Covalent bonds hold the atoms together in molecular molecules. Ionic bonds hold it together in salts.
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which of the following statements correctly describe bonding and intermolecular forces? select all that apply.
Intermolecular forces involve partial or small charges that are far apart and are relatively weak.
Bonding forces occur within the nucleus of the atom and are therefore strong
Covalent bonds are a type of intermolecular force since they are found in molecules.
Bonding forces are generally much stronger than intermolecular forces.
For a molecular substance, the strength of the intermolecular forces determines the physical properties of its phases.
Bonding forces are stronger than intermolecular forces, for molecular substance, strength of the intermolecular forces determines physical properties of phases, Intermolecular forces involve partial or small charges that are far apart and are relatively weak.
What can be said about the bonding and intermolecular forces?Intermolecular force is the force that mediates interaction between molecules including electromagnetic forces of attraction or repulsion which acts between atoms and neighboring particles (atoms or ions).
Bonding forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion which acts between neighboring particles like atoms, molecules or ions. Bonding force determines the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of a material.
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Which component is not directly involved in the process known as translation?
(a)Ribosomes
(b)tRNA
(c)DNA
(d)mRNA
Option (c) DNA is not directly involved in the process known as translation.
The process translation is the process of polymerization of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence of bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond which is known as a peptide bond. Formation of a peptide bond requires energy. Therefore, in the first phase itself, amino acids are activated in the presence of ATP and linked to their cognate tRNA- a process commonly called as charging of tRNA or aminoacylation of tRNA to be more specific. Translation begins when small subunit encounters an mRNA.
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a solution is prepared by dissolving 0.23 mol of hypochlorous acid and 0.27 mol of sodium hypochlorite in water sufficient to yield 1.00 l of solution. the addition of 0.05 mol of hcl to this buffer solution causes the ph to drop slightly. the ph does not decrease drastically because the hcl reacts with the present in the buffer solution. the ka of hypochlorous acid is 1.36 x 10-3. group of answer choices hydronium ion water hypochlorite ion this is a buffer solution: the ph does not change upon addition of acid or base. hypochlorous acid
The pH does not decrease drastically because the HCl reacts with the hypochlorite ion present in the buffer solution.
The hypochlorous acid , HClO is the weak acid . the ka of the HClO is 1.36 × 10⁻³. the conjugate base is ClO⁻ form the sodium hypochlorite , NaClO, this solution is called as the buffer solution . when we add the HCl which is a strong acid , the reaction which occurs is given as follows :
HCl + ClO⁻ ----> HClO + Cl⁻
so, it is clear from the above equation that if we add the HCl in to the solution then the HCl react with the hypochlorite ion that is present in the solution. the pH does not decreases drastically.
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if 70% of a radioactive element remains radioactive after 900 years, then what percent remains radioactive after 2000 years?
If 70% of a radioactive element remains radioactive after 900 years, then 28 percent remains radioactive after 2000 years.
Formula for exponential decay, which describes the percentage of a radioactive element that remains after a given time period. The formula is:
= P = P0 x e^(-lambda t)
where P is the percentage of the radioactive element that remains after a time period t, P0 is the initial percentage of the radioactive element, lambda is the decay constant for the element, and e is the base of the natural logarithm (approximately 2.718).
In this problem, you are given that P0 = 70% and t = 900 years. You want to solve for P at t = 2000 years.
Values into the formula and solving for P, we get:
= P = 70% x e^(-lambda x 2000 years)
= 70% x e^(-lambda x 900 years)
= 70% x 0.4
= 28%
Therefore, if 70% of a radioactive element remains radioactive after 900 years, then 28% remains radioactive after 2000 years.
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how many σ and π bonds are present in a molecule of cumulene? (figure 1)
Three double bonds and four single bonds, or 3(+)+4=7+3, are present in cumulene.
Sigma bond between the hydrogen and carbon on the end-side of the cumulene is visible. Carbon and hydrogen are linked by a total of four sigma bonds. Carbon is joined to carbon in the center by 3 sigma bonds and 3 pi bonds. Cumulene now has a total of 7 sigma bonds and 3 pi bonds. A cumulene is a molecule in organic chemistry that has three or more cumulative (consecutive) double bonds. sp2 hybrid orbital of C overlapping with 2p orbital of O and one bond make up the bond.
In the case of compounds with two bonds, one bond is a sigma bond and the other is a pi bond. A triple bond indicates that the chemicals.
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8.1 Draw all possible elimination products that could be formed by the following reaction. There are 5 counting cis & trans isomers! HzC H2 (CH;)COH CHa CH3 HaC" Hz Hz CHa CH3
4-methyl 2-methylpropene, 1-pentene, and CHa CH3 are among the compounds.
How is cis to trans isomer converted?transisomer to cis-isomer Add trace iodine and heat the solution to 50 DEG C to convert it to the cis-isomer using a standard organic solvent (such as methanol, acetone, pyridine, or their deuterated reagent). In 1 to 10 minutes, the correspondence transisomer can be completely altered.
Which technique can be used to make trans alkenes?Alkynes are made to go through reduction with sodium in liquid ammonia in order to create trans alkenes. Alkyl halides produce: Alkyl halides are heated with alcoholic potash to produce alkenes.
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Answer the questions based on the following structural diagram: QH [. The substance is a(n) 2. The substance was formed from a(n) 3. The IUPAC name of the parent aldehyde or ketone is
The substance is hemiacetal named 5 - hydroxyhexanal and was formed from an aldehyde.
Four groups—-OR, -OH, -R, and -H—are bonded to the carbon atom in the centre of the molecule known as hemiacetal. Acetal is an organic compound with a core carbon atom bound to two -OR groups, a -R group, and a -H group. The general formula for a hemiacetal is RHC(OH)OR'. Aldehyde has the generic formula RCHO. A functional group called an aldehyde has one carbonyl group, one hydrogen atom, and one R group linked to the carbonyl atom. Any alkyl group, such as aliphatic, aromatic, etc., can serve as the R.
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how many molecules of co 2 can be formed when three molecules of c 4h {10} are mixed with thirteen molecules of o 2 and the combustion reaction leads to the formation of co 2 and h 2o?
2C4H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 + 10 H20
6.022 ×[tex]10^{24}[/tex] molecules of H2O
Moles of C4H10 = 3 moles of O2 = 13
O2 is limiting reagent
Moles of H2O = 10/13 × moles of O2
= 10/13 × 13 = 10 MOL H2O = 6.022 ×[tex]10^{24}[/tex] molecules of H2O
The tiniest component of an object that possesses all of its physical and chemical characteristics. The number of atoms that make up a molecule might vary. If they do, the additional atoms may be of the same type (for example, an oxygen molecule contains two oxygen atoms) or distinct types (a water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom). Many thousands of atoms can make up biological compounds like proteins and DNA.
Molecular oxygen can be found in nature. To create dioxygen, often known as O2, two oxygen atoms form a covalent double bond. As a molecule, oxygen is typically present. Dioxygen is its name
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Elements from a family share similar properties. According to this, Beryllium and Magnesium:
a) are from different families.
b) don’t have similar characteristics.
c) have similar characteristics.
d) are from the same period.
e) One is a nonmetal and the other is an alkaline earth metal.
The elements of a family have the same characteristics. Based on this, Beryllium and Magnesium: have similar characteristics. Option c
What are the Characteristics of Beryllium and Magnesium?Three of the six elements that make up this group are beryllium, calcium, and magnesium. All of these elements share comparable exterior electronic structures, which accounts for their shared chemical and physical characteristics. Although they are all quite soft and glossy, they are nonetheless tougher than alkali metals.
Magnesium and beryllium are similar to aluminum in many ways. In the periodic table, this kind of diagonal resemblance is frequently referred to as a diagonal connection.
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A coin collector has a bag of 50
pennies. What is weighted average
of a penny in the sample according
to the data?
Sample
Pre-1982
Post-1982
Abundance
(%)
36
64
Mass (g)
3.1
2.5
Weighted
Average (g)
[?]
The weighted average mass of the pennies is 2.716 g.
What is the average mass of a substance?The average mass of a substance is the average of the sum of the masses of all the substances.
Average mass = sum of all the masses / number of masses
The average mass is also known as the weighted average of the mass of a substance.
The average mass of a substance is used to express the average of al ]l the masses of a substance that occur in nature.
The average mass of the given pennies is calculated below as follows:
Sample A:
mass of sample = 3.1 g
percentage abundance = 36 %
Sample B:
mass of sample = 2.5 g
percentage abundance = 6 36 %
Weighted average mass = mass of A * % abundance + mass of B * % abundanceWeighted average mass = 3.1 g * 36% + 2.5 * 64%
Weighted average mass = 2.716 g
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Draw the Lewis structure for NO3- including any valid resonance structures. Describe the resonance hybrid of the nitrate ion. The nitrate ion contains three N-O single bonds. The nitrate ion contains three N-O bonds that are equivalent to 123 bonds. The nitrate ion contains three N-O bonds that are equivalent to 113 bonds. The nitrate ion contains one N-O single bond and two N=O double bonds. The nitrate ion contains three N=O double bonds.
The chemical formula for nitrate is NO3. Nitrate is a polyatomic ion. Nitrates are the name for salts that contain this ion. Common nitrate ingredients in explosives and fertilisers. Water is a solvent for almost all inorganic nitrates. Bismuth oxynitrate is one type of insoluble nitrate.
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how high must a column of water be to exert a pressure equal to that of a 760.0 mm column of mercury? (the density of water is 1.00 g/ml, whereas that of mercury is 13.6 g/ml). group of answer choices 29.92 inches 10.3 meters 760 mm 1.00 atm
To impose pressure equivalent to that of a 760.0 mm column of mercury, a column of water must be 10336mm tall, or 10.3m. Per unit area, pressure is the force exerted perpendicularly to an object's surface.
That force is dispersed across. The gauge pressure, also known as gauge pressure, is the pressure in relation to the surrounding air pressure. To express pressure, a variety of units are employed. Mercury is the smallest and sun-closest planet in the solar system. The quickest of all the planets that orbit the Sun, its orbit lasts 87.97 Earth days.
76*13.6*g = h*1*g
h = 76*13.6 = 10.3m
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what is the molarity of the resulting sodium nitrate solution that forms when 50.0 ml of a 0.010m mercury(ii) nitrate solution reacts with a certain volume of a 0.10m sodium sulfide solution?
The molarity of the resulting solution formed by reaction of mercuric nitrate and sodium sulfide will be 0.002M.
We know that,
Molarity= Number of moles of solute/ Volume of solution in Liter
Calculating number of moles of mercury nitrate,
Firstly we calculate the no of moles of mercury nitrate -
Concentration of mercury nitrate given = 0.010 M
Volume of mercury nitrate given = 50 ml = 0.050 L.
moles = Concentration × Volume
moles of mercury nitrate = (0.010 M ) ×( 0.050 L) = 0.0005 moles
Now that,
Hg(NO₃)₂ + Na₂S ------> 2 NaNO₃ + HgS.
from the balanced chemical reaction-
1 mole of mercy nitrate gives 2 moles of the NaNO₃
moles of NaNO₃ produce = 2 × moles of the mercury nitrate.
moles of NaNO₃ produce = 2 × (0.00005 moles ) = 0.0001 moles.
Total volume of solution = 50 ml = 0.050 L
So, the Concentration of NaNO₃ = moles of NaNO₃ / Volume of NaNO₃ in litres.
Concentration of NaNO₃ = 0.0001 moles / 0.050 L = 0.002 M.
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Predict the charge that a strontium ion would have.O 2- O 1+O 2+ O 4- O 6-
The charge that are Strontium ion would have is +2.
The atomic number of Strontium atom is 38. Strontium is a metal that burns in air and reacts with water.
The electronic configuration of the Strontium atom is [Kr]2s².
The Strontium atom has two electrons in the outermost 5s orbital.
Show the electronic configuration of the strontium ion will be Sr(+2).
When is Strontium acquires and ionic state the two electrons from the outermost 5S orbital jump out.
Because this outermost orbital has the highest potential energy.
So, where we can say that the charge on the Strontium ion will be 2+.
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nuclear decay occurs according to first-order kinetics. a nuclide decays in 3.40 days from 45.0 g to 12.1 g. what is the rate constant for the nuclide?
Its rate constant again for nuclide is 0.388 days per one. First-order kinetics governs how nuclear decay happens. At 45.0 g down 12.1 g, a nuclide degrades every 3.40 days.
How do you define a nuclide?Nuclide, also known as nuclear species, is an atom species that is identified by the amount of protons, neutrons, and the energetic state of the nucleus. As a result, a nuclide is identified by its quantity (A) and atomic number (Z).
What is an example of a nuclide?A similar options is a type of atom that has a certain ratio of protons to neutrons in its nucleus, such as carbon-13's 6 protons to 7 neutrons.
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draw the carboxylic acid product of the acid hydrolysis of methanamide, shown here.
The hydrolysis of the amide will give carboxylic acid and amine.
the reaction will occur in presence of acid
A carboxyl functional group is found in an organic molecule known as a carboxylic acid. Both in nature and man-made synthetically, they are extensively present. Deprotonation of carboxylic acids results in the formation of a carboxylate anion with the general formula R-COO-, which can result in a number of useful salts, including soaps.
A carboxylic acid is an organic acid in organic chemistry that has a carboxyl group joined to an R-group. An alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other group is denoted by the prefix R in the usual formula of a carboxylic acid, which is RCOOH or RCO2H. There are numerous carboxylic acids.
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Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible. On which side does H (aq) appear, and what is its coefficient? 79. MnO4(aq)+(aą) 1(aq) +Mn2 (aq) a. left, 16 b. right, 16 c. left, 8 d. right, 8 e. right, 4
H+ appear on left hand side and the coefficient is 16 in the balanced redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions.
What is redox reaction?
Redox reactions, also referred to as oxidation-reduction processes, are reactions in which electrons are transferred from one species to another. An oxidized species is one that has lost electrons, whereas a reduced species has gained electrons.
The balanced redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients is written as
[tex]2MnO+16H^{+} +10I^{-}[/tex] → [tex]2Mn2^{+} + 8H_{2} O + 5I^{2}[/tex]
Therefore, the H+ is present on left side with a coefficient of 16 in the balanced redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions.
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What causes comet tails to point away from the Sun?
As a result of the sun's radiation pressure, comet tails will always point away from the sun. Compared to the gravitational force acting in the direction of the sun, pushing them away from the sun.
The study of the chemical reactions that radiation has on the matter is known as radiation chemistry, a branch of nuclear chemistry. This field differs greatly from radiochemistry in that the material being chemically altered by radiation does not always need to contain radioactivity. As an illustration, consider how water is transformed into hydrogen gas and hydrogen peroxide.
Ionizing radiation interacts with the electrons of the absorber as it passes through matter, depositing energy in the process. Removing an electron from an atom or molecular link causes radicals and excited species to develop as a result of the radiation's interaction with the absorbing species. The radical species then continue to interact with one another or with molecules nearby.
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which of the following is true about the total entropy of the universe? a) it is always increasing b) it is always decreasing c) it remains constant at a given t d) it always remains constant
The total amount of entropy in the universe is constantly increasing because energy never flows in the opposite direction. So, option A is correct .
Entropy is a measure of a system's unpredictability or disorder, according to its definition.
Entropy rises as a result of the constant downward flow of energy. Energy spreads as widely as it can, and entropy is the dispersion of energy. It moves independently from a hot (highly energetic) location to a chilly (lowly energetic).
As a result, energy is distributed equally across the two locations, and temperatures are the same in both. The identical procedure takes place on a much larger scale. Energy is released into the universe by all stars, including the Sun.
There won't be any warmer or cooler objects because the heat will have dispersed to the point where the stars eventually cool down. It will continue to be the extremely cold.
The overall entropy of the system rises. The total amount of entropy in the universe is constantly rising because energy never flows in the opposite direction.
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True or False: Polypeptides inside the ER are usually smaller than polypeptides synthesized from the same mRNA that have not entered the ER.
True. For these before leaving the ER undergo a process called N-terminal signal peptide cleavage. During this process, the signal peptide, which is an amino acid sequence that helps guide the protein into the ER, is cleaved, resulting in a smaller polypeptide.
What are Polypeptides?Polypeptides are composed of a variety of different amino acids that are linked together in a sequence. This sequence of amino acids determines the structure and function of the protein that they make up. Polypeptides are essential components of cells, playing a role in many essential processes, including:
MetabolismSignalingGene expressionThey are found in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells, as well as in extracellular fluid. Polypeptides are also important components of:
HormonesEnzymesAntibodiesLearn more about The Polypeptides:
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calculate the concentration of an h3po4 solution if 25.00 ml is converted to na2hpo4 by 39.13 ml of 2.000 m naoh solution.
The concentration of an H₃PO₄ solution if 25.00 ml is converted to Na₂HPO₄ by 39.13 ml of 2.000 m NaOH solution is 3.12 M.
given that :
Concentration M1 = 2.00 M
volume V1 = 39.13 mL
Volume V2 = 25 mL
Concentration M2 = ?
concentration = moles / volume in L
moles = concentration × volume in L
moles = 2 × 0.03913
moles = 0.0782 mol
Concentration of H₃PO₄ = moles / volume in L
Concentration of H₃PO = 0.0782 / 0.025
Concentration of H₃PO₄ = 3.12 M
Thus, the concentration of an H₃PO₄ solution is 3.12 M
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what is the total volume of gaseous products formed when 38.4 liters of butane () react completely according to the following reaction? (all gases are at the same temperature and pressure.)
The total volume of gaseous products formed is 799.68 L.
The reaction is given as :
2C₄H₁₀(g) + 13O₂(g) ----> 8CO₂(g) + 10H₂O(g)
22.4 L volume is occupied = 1 mol
38.4 L volume is occupied = (1 / 22.4 ) × 38.4
= 1.7 mol
2 moles of C₄H₁₀ = 8 moles CO₂
1.7 mol of C₄H₁₀ = (8 / 2) 1.7
= 27.2 mol CO₂
volume of CO₂ at STP = 27.2 × 22.4
= 609.28 L
2 moles of C₄H₁₀ = 10 moles of H₂O
1.7 mol of C₄H₁₀ = ( 10 / 2) 1.7
= 8.5 mol of H₂O
volume of H₂O = 8.5 × 22.4
= 190.4 L
total volume of gaseous product = 609.28 + 190.4 = 799.68 L
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classify each of the following diatomic species as ionic, polar covalent or nonpolar covalent.
Answer:
1. O2
The oxygen molecule is a non-polar covalent molecule. It is formed by sharing of electrons. As the molecule is symmetric, the electrons are pulled by both the atoms in an equal amount.
2. CaO:
The association of two ions forms calcium oxide. The ions are calcium ion and oxide ion. Such a compound is called an ionic compound.
3. Br2:
Bromine molecule contains a non-polar covalent bond because both the atoms share an equal number of electrons, and it is symmetric.
4. HBr:
Hydrogen bromide is a polar covalent compound. It is an asymmetric charge between hydrogen and bromine. Bromine being more electronegative, tends to pull the electron itself.
the electron-group arrangement around a central atom is defined by the number of –electron groups. the molecular shape is defined by the relative positions of the around the central atom. two species may have the same electron-group arrangement but have different molecular shapes.
The electron-group arrangement of two species could be identical. Valence Atoms can take on several molecular forms.
Why does an atom have a valence?The electrons located in an atom's outermost shell, or energy level, are known as valence electrons. For instance, oxygen contains two valence electrons in the 2s subshell and four in the 2p subshell, for a total of six valence electrons. The oxygen's valence electron configuration is 2s22p4.
What is the best way to determine an atom's valence?The quantity of valence electrons for neutral atoms is equal to the number of the primary group of the atom. From an element's column on the periodic table, one can determine the major group number. In group 4 and with 4 valence electrons, for instance, is carbon.
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what effect do you expect to see when you increase the concentration of substrate in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction while holding the amount of enzyme constant?
No effect on the rate of reaction, as the available enzymes will be saturated and working at their maximum rate.
What is Enzyme ?
Compounds are proteins that assist with accelerating substance responses in our bodies. Catalysts are fundamental for processing, liver capability and considerably more. To an extreme or excessively tad of a specific chemical can cause medical conditions. Catalysts in our blood can likewise assist medical services suppliers with checking for wounds and illnesses.
Compounds are proteins that assist with accelerating digestion, or the substance responses in our bodies. They fabricate a few substances and separate others. All living things have compounds.
Our bodies normally produce catalysts. Be that as it may, proteins are additionally in made items and food.
One of the main jobs of catalysts is to support processing. Assimilation is the most common way of transforming the food we eat into energy. For instance, there are catalysts in our spit, pancreas, digestive organs and stomach. They separate fats, proteins and carbs. Proteins utilize these supplements for development and cell fix.
Substrate focus: Expanding substrate fixation likewise builds the pace of response somewhat. When every one of the chemicals have bound, any substrate increment will affect the pace of response, as the accessible proteins will be immersed and working at their most extreme rate.
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Identifying hydrogen-bonding interactions between molecules For each compound in the table below decide whether there would be any hydrogen-bonding of the compound and molecules of water compound hydrogen-bonding force Betwcen Between molecules of the compound and molecules of water? name formula or Lewis structure molecules of the compound? ves yes fluoromethane CH,F yes ves methanimine H _ =it yes hydrogen fluoride
For a hydrogen bond to develop, both a hydrogen donor and acceptor must be present.
Lewis dot structures, Lewis dot formulas, Lewis electron dot structures, or any other variation (LEDS)
What is Lewis structure for NH3?The nitrogen atom at the center of the Lewis structure of ammonia, NH3, would be surrounded by three hydrogen bonds and have a single pair of electrons on top. Here is Ammonia's ability to give those electrons is the reason why it functions as a Lewis base.
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What volume of carbon dioxide, measured at 25 °C and 741 torr, can be obtained by the reaction of 50.0 g of CaCO3 with 750 mL of 2.00M HCl solution?CaCO3(s) + HCl(aq) => CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) (unbalanced)
a.
11.2 L
b.
12.5 L
c.
18.8 L
d.
9.4 L
e.
6.25 L
The volume of carbon dioxide measured at 25 °C and 741 torr is 12.5L.
How is volume related to temperature?
The Charles' law concept was later updated by Joseph Gay-Lussac and generalized in 1802. At extremely high temperatures and low pressures, gases adhere to Charles' law. It can be obtained from the kinetic theory of gases under the assumption of an ideal gas and is a specific case of the general gas law.
The volume of a fixed mass of gas is linearly proportional to temperature at constant pressure.
"The volume of a fixed mass of a gas reduces when it is cooled and rises when the temperature is raised. The volume of the gas rises by 1/273 of its initial volume at 0 °C for every degree of temperature rise. Let Vo and Vt represent the gas's volumes at 0 C and t C, respectively.
The balanced equation is :
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) => CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
50 g of CaCO3 × 1mole/100.1 g × 1 mol CO2 / 1 mol CaCO3 = 0.50 mol CO2
2.00 M HCl × 0.750 L/ 1mol × 1 mol CO2 / 2 mol HCl = 0.75 mol CO2
CaCO3 is the limiting reagent.
So, 0.50 mol CO2 will be produced.
V = 0.50 × 0.0821 L atm mol -1 K -1 ×(25+273) / 741 torr ×{ 1 atm /760 torr}
Volume = 12.5 L
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Silk is a natural fiber produced by the silkworm. How is silk produced by the body of the silkworm?
The cocoon that the Bombyx mori caterpillar spins yields silk. The thread fibers are secreted from the caterpillar's mouth, where they are spun into a cocoon.
Silk strands are used in the creation of cocoons by silkworms.
Proteins called sericin and fibroin, which are synthesized in the silk gland and released through a spinneret at the larvae's head, make up these threads.
To produce silk fiber, one thread is chosen from the cocoon and unraveled.
Mulberry leaves are used to feed the silkworm larvae during this phase, and following their fourth moult, they climb a nearby twig to spin their silken cocoons.
After treating the cocoon with boiling water, the silk is tenderly unraveled from the cocoon. 10 kilogram or so of cocoon produces 1 kg of silk.
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