when did europeans first start controlling small areas of africa?

Giuseppe Mazzini, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Victor Emmanuel II and Camillo di Cavour are the leaders who was most important for the Italian unification.

The drive for unification grew during the 1820s and 1830s, eventually reaching its zenith in 1848 when uprisings broke out in numerous Italian states. The revolutions would be put down, but little was done to stop the wave of revolutionary activity. During this time, Guiseppe Garibaldi would come to represent Italian unification.

Revolutionary Guiseppe Garibaldi (1807–1848) was forced into exile after the 1848 uprising, in which he had taken part, failed. He would return to Italy in 1860 and help King Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont, bringing with him a volunteer army from Sicily and Naples. Victor Emanuel joined forces with France in 1858 with other northern Italian governments to put a stop to Austrian influence in the area.

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Answer:

The Egyptian Scarab Beetle symbolized death, rebirth, and great power. It guided the people in their afterlife and protected them from demons seeking to harm them at night.

Explanation:

According to Smith, changing from one job to another throughout the day is counterproductive because it can lead to a lack of focus and a decrease in productivity.

When a person is constantly switching tasks, they are unable to fully commit to any one task and are more likely to make mistakes or miss important details. Additionally, constantly switching tasks can lead to mental fatigue, which can further decrease productivity.

Smith thought that individuals were inherently indolent when it comes to working. He stated that you needed to make it worthwhile for people to labor in his classic 1776 book The Wealth of Nations. Additionally, it doesn't really matter what they actually accomplish if you do make it worthwhile for them by paying them a living wage.

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The author mentions Alexis de Tocqueville in paragraph 15. This section contributes to the main theme of showing the Manifest Destiny from many angles. These display both the American and Indigenous perspectives.

Tocqueville argues that the fact that each person in a democracy is political equal to every other person is what gives the majority its power. The largest group of people who pool their resources to operate as a single unit in this circumstance will always have the most power, which is typically a majority. One of the most significant books about America ever published is Alexis de Tocqueville's Democracy in America. Tocqueville was more of a political commentator, although historians have seen Democracy as a valuable source about the time of Andrew Jackson.

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The Second Industrial Revolution expanded mainly in Western Europe and the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

It was characterized by the development of new technologies, such as the internal combustion engine, electricity, and mass production techniques. These advancements allowed for the growth of industries like steel, chemicals, and transportation, leading to increased economic output and urbanization. The Second Industrial Revolution also brought about significant social and cultural changes, including the rise of consumerism and the emergence of modernist art and literature. Its impact on the global economy and society was profound, laying the groundwork for many of the technological advancements that we take for granted today. The Second Industrial Revolution expanded mainly in Western Europe and the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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The complete question is :

Where the Second Industrial Revolution expands.

There are several pieces of evidence that suggest the Mycenaeans were a warlike people.

First, the walls and fortifications around their cities, such as those at Mycenae and Tiryns, indicate a need for defense and protection. Second, many of their weapons and armor, such as bronze swords, spears, and chariots, were designed for use in battle. Third, the Mycenaean tholos tombs often contain weapons and other objects associated with warfare, suggesting that military prowess was highly valued. Finally, the Mycenaean civilization collapsed around 1200 BCE, possibly due to invasions from outside forces, further indicating the importance of warfare in their society. Overall, these factors suggest that the Mycenaeans were a society heavily focused on military strength and warfare.

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One feature of the Columbian exchange is Europeans brought domesticated animals to America to breed and work. So the option b is correct.

Feature of the Columbian exchange was the introduction of new crops. The introduction of new crops such as maize, potatoes, tomatoes, and peppers had a major effect on the global food system. These crops were quickly adopted by many cultures and have become staples in many parts of the world.

This included horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, and chickens. These animals provided food, labor, and transportation for both Native Americans and European settlers. They also changed the landscape of the American continent, by introducing new forms of agriculture and introducing new sources of food. The introduction of cattle, for example, allowed for the development of cowboys and ranching.

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Answer:  Many Protestants viewed Catholicism as incompatible with American ideals of democracy.

Now Why were people upset with the Catholic Church

Because Some felt that the Catholic Church was more interested in money and power than in saving souls.

Catholics faced discrimination in the early 1800s primarily due to religious and cultural differences, as well as the emergence of processes such as the Protestant Reformation.

At the time (1800s), the majority of the population in the United States was Protestant, and there was a strong anti-Catholic sentiment among many Protestants. Catholics were often viewed as being loyal to the Pope and the Catholic Church, rather than to the United States. Additionally, many Catholics were immigrants from Ireland and other European countries, which also contributed to the discrimination they faced.

This discrimination took many forms, including exclusion from certain jobs and social organizations, as well as physical violence and attacks on Catholic churches and institutions.

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Answer:According to Anti-Federalist George Mason, state rights would no longer be protected because national laws and the new Constitution would be stronger than state laws. This would mean that the laws of the general government would be paramount to the laws and constitutions of the several states, and the declarations of rights in the separate states would not be able to provide any security.

Explanation:

Judicial Branch

Generally, The Judicial Branch is one of the three branches of government in the United States, responsible for interpreting and applying the law. It includes the Supreme Court, as well as lower federal courts and state courts, and its judges are appointed for life.

The Judicial Branch plays a crucial role in ensuring that the actions of the other branches of government are consistent with the Constitution and the laws of the land.

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The widespread institutionalization of sports in schools in the mid-1800s took place in order to address education, socialization, military preparedness, and health.

Public schools started to emerge for the upper classes around the beginning of the nineteenth century. These institutions significantly contributed to the growth of contemporary sports. Boys brought country sports into the classroom and modified them to fit the sporting customs of the gentry of the upper classes. Games like hare and hounds and cross-country running were replaced by hunting. Sports were being used more and more for educational purposes. The transition of "mob" football into an organized, regular game with regulations in public schools is best illustrated by the game of football. The use of sport as social control in the reformation of public education gave rise to the idea of "muscular Christianity," which held that participating in athletic competition could foster moral knowledge.

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In the early years of the United Nations, a global organisation established in 1945 to maintain peace and advance international cooperation, Eleanor Roosevelt played a pivotal role.

As the first American representative to the UN General Assembly, Roosevelt was chosen by President Harry Truman. He developed became a fervent supporter of human rights and contributed to the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which the UN adopted in 1948.

She strived to advance international harmony and understanding while serving as chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights. Her reputation as a champion of human rights is still honoured today. Roosevelt's work in the UN helped to establish the organisation as a global force for peace and cooperation.

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The "Sands of Maharashtra" is a technique used in Indian agriculture to conserve soil moisture, prevent soil erosion and enhance soil fertility.

The technique involves creating a network of earthen embankments, also known as "Bunds," to trap water and prevent runoff. These embankments are built across the contours of the land, and the low-lying areas within the embankments are used for cultivation.

In addition to the construction of the earthen embankments, organic matter is added to the soil to improve fertility, and a variety of crops are grown together to maximize yield and reduce the risk of crop failure. This technique is also known as "polyculture" or "intercropping."

The Sands of Maharashtra technique has been practiced for centuries in the Indian state of Maharashtra, where rainfall is limited, and water resources are scarce. This technique has proven to be an effective way to conserve soil moisture and improve crop yields, even in areas with low rainfall.

Therefore, the technique has gained recognition globally as an effective and sustainable method of agriculture, as it reduces the need for chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which can harm the environment and human health. It also helps farmers become more self-reliant and resilient to changing weather patterns and other challenges.

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The words that best completes the sentence are:

When historians describe how the American, European, and African commodity markets were all connected and dependent on one another, they're referring to the slave Trade.

Slavery existed in Africa before European exploration of the continent began, yet the transatlantic slave trade that began with the arrival of the Europeans  started a new form of slavery

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During the Shang dynasty, Kong Fu Zi became the chief god. The option b. is the correct answer.

Give a detail about Shang dynasty,

The Chinese royal dynasty known as the Shang (Chinese: ; pinyin: Shng Cháo), also referred to as the Yin (Chinese: ; pinyin: Yn Dài), was established by Tang of Shang (Cheng Tang) and ruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC. It traditionally succeeded the Xia dynasty and was followed by the Western Zhou dyna Texts like the Book of Documents, Bamboo Annals, and Records of the Grand Historian provide the standard history of the Shang. While the Shang governed from 1766 to 1122 BC according to the conventional chronology based on calculations performed around 2,000 years ago by Liu Xin, they ruled from 1556 to 1046 BC in accordance with the "current text" of the Bamboo Annals.

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The Forrest Theatre in New York City was renamed after the author until 1981 when he was still married to actress Marsha Mason.

The theatre was constructed in 1925 and was situated on Manhattan's West 44th Street. In 1959, it was given a new name in honour of the renowned American playwright who had received four Pulitzer Prizes for his works: Eugene O'Neill.

The theatre was renamed in O'Neill's honour after some of his most well-known pieces, including "Long Day's Journey into Night" and "The Iceman Cometh," were originally presented there.

The Eugene O'Neill Theatre continues to be a well-liked location for Broadway performances today and has played host to numerous illustrious productions over the years.

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The main issue with drugs and Black people in the United States is systemic racism and discrimination.

The so-called "war on drugs" in the 1980s and 1990s was used as a tool to disproportionately target and incarcerate Black people for drug offenses, even though drug use rates are similar across different races. The harsh sentencing policies for drug offenses, such as mandatory minimum sentences, have led to the mass incarceration of Black people, disrupting communities and perpetuating cycles of poverty and inequality. Additionally, the lack of access to healthcare and mental health resources has contributed to drug addiction and substance abuse issues in Black communities. The issue of drugs and Black people is part of a larger system of racial injustice and inequality that has persisted in the United States for centuries.

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A balanced budget occurs when there is no budget deficit. The correct option is d.

A balanced budget is a budget i.e., a financial plan in which revenues are equal to expenditures, such that there is no budget deficit or surplus. Although the concept of a balanced budget applies to any organization that generates operating revenues and incurs operating expenses, it is most commonly applied to government budgets. Although the term balanced budget points towards a breakeven between surpluses and deficits, it can also be a budget that posts a surplus but not a deficit.

Therefore, revenues may be greater than expenses in a balanced budget, but not vice versa.

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According to pre-pandemic data, the average age of first time mothers in the US is 26.

A woman in her early to mid-20s has a monthly chance of 25–30% pregnancy. Early in a woman's 30s, fertility often begins to decline; around 35, this process becomes more pronounced. The likelihood of becoming pregnant by the age of 40 is about 5% for any given monthly menstrual cycle.

In America, first-time mothers are currently 26 years old on average, compared to 31 for fathers. The health concerns that new moms and their babies may experience when a first-time birth parent is 35 years old or older is a significant reason to put off starting a family.

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The organization that sought to organize workers of all kinds and achieved a membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886 was the Knights of Labor.

The Knights of Labor was a labor union that emerged in the United States in the 1860s, but it grew rapidly in the mid-1880s, reaching its peak membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886. The organization was founded by Uriah Smith Stephens and Terence Powderly and sought to organize workers of all types, including both skilled and unskilled, women as well as men, and blacks as well as whites.

The Knights of Labor was unique in its inclusivity, as it welcomed workers from all trades and backgrounds into its ranks, unlike other unions at the time that were often restricted to specific skilled trades. The organization also emphasized the importance of education, encouraging its members to read and learn about the issues affecting working-class people.

However, the Knights of Labor declined in the late 1880s and 1890s due to a variety of factors, including internal divisions, the failure of some strikes, and the emergence of more craft-oriented unions like the American Federation of Labor (AFL). Despite its decline, the Knights of Labor played a significant role in the labor movement of the late 19th century, and its legacy can still be seen in the inclusivity and social justice emphasis of some contemporary labor organizations.

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The 1763 Proclamation Line, which prohibits colonists from establishing themselves west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Britain received a significant amount of priceless North American land as part of the Treaty Of Paris, which put an end to the French and Indian War. But a myriad of issues also arose as a result of the new territory. The Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River delineated the ceded region, also known as the Ohio Valley.

The British Parliament establishes the Indian Proclamation Line in 1763, prohibiting colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains, following the Seven Years' War. The line is disregarded by English settlers, who move west and provoke battles with Native Americans over territory in Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, and other western states.

By 1763, European colonial powers like Britain, France, and Spain have seized control of most of North America and are even in some cases administering it.

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A major U.S. route from Missouri to the Northwest was the Oregon Trail.

The Oregon Trail was roughly 2,100 miles, and it spread from Independence, Missouri, all the way to Oregon City, Oregon.

Thousands of American Pioneers used this route in the mid 1800's.

They used this route to emigrate west.

Answer:

They were denied political, legal, and, educational rights.

As part of the deal, Spain transferred to the United States East and West Florida, and the United States agreed to assume responsibility for any claims made by Americans against Spain.

What oath was Spain taking when it signed the Adams-Ons Treaty?

Spain gave up any claim to West Florida as part of a deal with Secretary Adams that gave the United States power of East Florida. Spain received no compensation despite the United States' acceptance of responsibility for the $5 million in harm brought on by its citizens' uprising against it.

Florida was a gift from Spain to the United States as part of the Adams-Ons Treaty, but why?

Florida had agreed to settle the border dispute along the Sabine River in Spanish Texas in exchange for

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The custom of having one's throat blessed is frequently practiced by Catholics. To achieve this, the priest blesses two candles, usually with a prayer, and then places each candle, crossed, on the throat of the person receiving the blessing.

Priests, deacons, and lay ministers who adhere to the rituals and prayers set forth for lay ministers are all qualified to perform the blessing of throats. If the blessing is given during Mass, it comes after the homily and the general intercessions. However, for pastoral reasons, the blessing prayer may substitute for the final blessing of the Mass.

The blessing is preceded by a brief celebration of God's message when it is offered outside of Mass. The blessing is spoken if it is to be a part of Morning or Evening Prayer after the reading, responsory, and homily and before the gospel canticle. Two candles that have been blessed on the feast of the Presentation of the Lord and put together in the shape of a cross may be used to touch each person's throat to receive the blessing.

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Perl weaves the history of the Holocaust with a survivor’s personal memories of what happened to her family. The writing is direct, devastating, with no rhetoric or exploitation. The truth is in what’s said and in what’s left out… The personal facts bring it home.

Why are the four perfect pebbles important?

The Blumenthals were used as a negotiating tool by the Nazis when they sought German POWs. They are sent to Bergen Belsen, where Marion gathers four stones from the camp to represent the members of her family in the vain hope that one day they would all be freed together.

Four Prefect Pebbles' fundamental message is to never give up and to never lose hope. They had to always cherish the meagre presents and possessions they received because there was always a danger they wouldn't receive any more.

Character and fate were in conflict throughout the narrative. At a time when every Jew in a concentration camp was nearly guaranteed to die, the Blumenthal family's daughter maintained optimism.

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The budget is revised to reflect an unexpected raise of $650, elimination of $100 transportation expense, and an additional $100 expense for books. To meet the goal of saving $100 by October, savings are increased to $1,000 per month.

Previous Budget:

A. Income: $2,500 per month

B. Expenses:

    1.  Rent: $800 per month

    2. Utilities: $100 per month

    3. Food: $400 per month

    4. Transportation: $100 per month (bus pass)

    5. Entertainment: $150 per month

    6. Savings: $950 per month

    7. Revised Budget:

A. Income: $3,150 per month

B. Expenses:

    1.  Rent: $800 per month

    2. Utilities: $100 per month

    3. Food: $400 per month

    4. Transportation: $0 per month (bus pass covered by school program)

    5. Entertainment: $150 per month

    6. Books: $100 in October

    7. Savings: $1,000 per month

With the changes to the budget, the new income of $3,150 per month provides an additional $650 each month. The elimination of the transportation expense due to the new school program saves $100 per month. The additional cost of $100 for books in October is added to the budget as an expense.

To meet the overall goal of saving $100 by the end of October, the revised budget increases the savings category to $1,000 per month. This provides an additional $50 in savings each month, which will help reach the $100 savings goal by the end of October.

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