Which element would have a fixed charge of 2 in an ionic compound?
a. al
b. k
c. ba
d. co

Heinrich Rocher and Gerd Binning were trying to solve the problem of seeing atoms directly. The criteria and constraints of the problem they were trying to solve are given below :

The scanning tunneling microscope is the method used to see the atoms, was developed by Heinrich Rocher and Gerd Binning.

Criteria :  Criteria is defined as the requirements we need to solve the problem. The standard needed to create successful solution. Criteria is specific outcome for a problem.

STM should be of metal.

STM works on the top of tip.

It works by scanning sharp metal. Bringing the tip very close to surface.

Applying electric voltage to tip .

Constraints: constraints is defined as the limits based on resources and environment. It has the conditions the problem must satisfy.

Does not require other than sharp tip.

It is limited by wavelength of light.

Thus, Heinrich Rocher and Gerd Binning were trying to solve the problem of seeing atoms directly. The criteria and constraints of the problem they were trying to solve are discussed above.

To learn more about criteria and constraints here

https://brainly.com/question/5498461

#SPJ1

The magnitude of the component perpendicular to segment BC is 68.0 lb.

Let's take the vectors for points B and C.

rB = [ 3, 4, 0] ft

rC = [ 7, 6, −4] ft

The unit vector going from B to C is then ˆuBC = rC − rB / |rC − rB| = [4, 2, −4] / √(4)^2 + (2)^2 + (−4)^2

Now the dot product of F with ˆuBC to find the component of the force along segment BC of the pipe.

F║ = F · ˆuBC = [30, −45, 50] · [4, 2, −4] / √(4)^2 + (2)^2 + (−4)^2 lb = − 85 / 3 lb

Thus, the magnitude of the component along segment BC is

|F║| = 85/3 lb ≈ 28.3 lb.

Subtract the parallel component of F from F we can get the perpendicular component of F.

F = F − F║ = [30, −45, 50] lb − F║ˆuBC

= [30, −45, 50] lb + 85/3 . [4, 2, −4] / √(4)^2 + (2)^2 + (−4)^2 lb

= [ 440/9, −320/9, 280/9] lb

|F| = √(440/9)^2 + (−320/9)^2 + (280/9)^2 lb ≈ 68.0 lb.

Thus, the magnitude of the component perpendicular to segment BC is  68.0 lb.

If you need to learn more about magnitude click here

https://brainly.com/question/24468862

#SPJ4

The spectrum of an oxygen lamp looks different because each atom has a unique set of electron orbits.

In chemistry, the word spectrum shows different colors of light after passing through a piece of the prism.

It also indicates the intensity of radiations having different wavelengths and energy.

A simple spectrum looks like a rainbow displaying various colors and intensities of light such as visible light.

Similarly, when an electron jumps from a higher state to a ground state it also emits a spectrum in the form of electromagnetic radiation.

Fluorescence and absorption are examples of the spectrum.

If you need to learn more about spectrum click here:

https://brainly.com/question/13803241

#SPJ4

In this system, chemical energy from the cyclist is converted to a lot of  mechanical energy and a bit of thermal energy.

The mechanical energy from the turning bicycle wheel spins the turbine, which generates wind energy.

The fluorescent light bulb converts this energy into two new forms: a lot of light energy and very little heat energy.

"Energy can be changed from one form to another but is neither created nor destroyed."

The system should have been made up of numerous systems where energy transformations take place, and each of these must adhere to the aforementioned law. These energy conversion processes are not entirely effective since some energy is wasted along the route as heat.

Thus, the correct options are mechanical energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, wind energy, light energy, and heat energy.

To learn more about energy, refer to the below link:

https://brainly.com/question/26700270

#SPJ1

Answer: In this system,_Chemical____

energy from the cyclist is converted to a lot of_Light____

energy and a little bit of__Thermal___

energy. The_Mechanical____

energy from the turning bicycle wheel spins the turbine which generates_Electrical_____

energy. The fluorescent light bulb converts this energy into two new forms: a lot of __Light____

energy and very little_Thermal____

energy.

Explanation:

The qualities that I think are important for a scientist to have is hard-working, cleverness and perseverance.

To learn more about the qualities of a scientist visit:

https://brainly.com/question/3108458

#SPJ1

1.95 milliliters are used to prepare the idodine-131 solution.

an activity of iodine-131 = 2.0 mCi/ml

If the solution has an activity of 2.0 mCi/mL, one milliliter has the radioactivity of 2.0 mCi.

V = 3.9 mCi / (2.0 mCi/ml)

V = 1.95 ml; volume used to prepare the iodine-131 solution

The radioactivity (the unit curie (Ci)) is the number of radioactive decays per second.

In this example, the unit for the radioactivity is millicurie (mCi).

The curie (Ci) is named after scientist Marie Curie.

Iodine-131 is a radioactive isotope treat the thyroid gland. Radioactive iodine emits gamma waves and beta particles.

More about radioactivity: brainly.com/question/1960315

#SPJ4

The mass of oxygen gas obtained from the decomposition of 7.5 g of hydrogen peroxide is 32 grams.

Mass is the quantity of matter in a physical body.

The equation is

2 H₂O₂ --> 2 H₂O + O₂

H₂O₂ = 2 x 1 + 2 x 16 = 34

mol = m /Mr = 68 / 34 = 2 moles

We must compare the moles of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen gas. According to the corrected equation, this mole ratio is as shown below:

The ratio of moles are

2 : 1

moles = 2/2 = 1 moles

Moles into mass = 32

mol x mr 1 x 32 = 32 grams

Thus, the mass of oxygen gas is 32 grams.

To learn more about mass, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/15019100

#SPJ1

Answer:a mouse

Explanation:

Answer: a mouse

Explanation:

2.0 moles of carbon, 5.0 moles of hydrogen, 1.0 mole of nitrogen and 2.0 moles of oxygen would be needed to make 1.0 mole of glycine.

n(glycine) = 1.0 mole; amount of glycine

In one mole of glycine there are 2 moles of carbon atoms.

n(glycine) : n(C) = 1 : 2

n(C) = 2 × n(glycine)

n(C) = 2 × 1.0 mol

n(C) = 2.0 mol; amount of carbon

n(glycine) : n(H) = 1 : 5

n(H) = 5 × n(glycine)

n(H) = 5 mol; amount of hydrogen

n(glycine) : n(N) = 1 : 1

n(N) = 1.0 mol; amount of nitrogen

n(glycine) : n(O) = 1 : 2

n(O) = 2.0 mol; amount of oxygen

7.8×10⁻² moles of water were in the sample of the salt

m(NiCl₂·6H₂O) = 3.5 g; mass of a hydrous salt

m(NiCl₂) = 2.1 g; mass of an anhydrous salt

m(H₂O) = m(NiCl₂·6H₂O) - m(NiCl₂)

m(H₂O) = 3.5 g - 2.1 g

m(H₂O) = 1.4 g; mass of water

M(H₂O) = 18 g/mol; the molar mass of water

n(H₂O) = m(H₂O) ÷ M(H₂O)

n(H₂O) = 1.4 g ÷ 18 g/mol

n(H₂O) = 0.078 mol; amount of water in the sample

The mole is an SI unit which measures the number of particles in substance. One mole is equal to 6.022·10²³ atoms.

More about mole: brainly.com/question/15356425

#SPJ4

Partial pressure of oxygen po2= Total pressure * Volume of gas

= 1 atm * 0.5l = 0.5 atmL

what is partial pressure?

Each gas in a mixture of gases has a partial pressure, which is the pressure that would exist if that gas alone filled the entire volume of the original combination at the same temperature.According to Dalton's Law, a perfect gas mixture's total pressure equals the sum of its constituent gases' individual partial pressures.

It claims that the overall pressure exerted by the combination of non-reactive gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the various gases. The pressure applied by each individual gas in a gas mixture is referred to as partial pressure.

Thus,

Partial pressure = Total pressure * Volume of gas

= 1 atm * 0.5l = 0.5 atmL

To learn more about partial pressure from the given link below,

https://brainly.com/question/16118479

#SPJ4

The heat energy of the system is determined as -267.5 J.

Compression of a gas occurs in an isothermal process.

The work done by the gas is determined from the product of external pressure and change in volume of the gas.

The work done in compressing the gas is calculated as follows;

w = -PΔV

w = -P(V₂ - V₁)

w = P(V₁ - V₂)

w = 1 atm(3.3 L - 0.66 L)

w = 2.64 atm.L

1 atm.L = 101.325 J

2.64 atm.L = ?

= 267.5 J

The heat energy of the system is negative work done and it will be calculated as follows;

q = -w

q = -267.5 J

Thus, the heat energy of the system is determined as -267.5 J.

Learn more about heat energy of isothermal system here: https://brainly.com/question/17192821

#SPJ1

The new water level will be = 20 + 5.45 = 25.45 mL.

First step is to calculate the volume of the copper cylinder as follows:

density = mass / volume

volume = mass / density = 48.85 / 8.96 = 5.45 mL

Then we add the volume of the cylinder to the volume of water to get the new water level:

New water level = 20 + 5.45 = 25.45 mL

The elevation of a sea, stream, lake, or reservoir's free surface in relation to a given vertical datum is referred to as the water level, sometimes known as gauge height or stage.

To determine how much is in the tank, ultrasonic sensors use sound waves that bounce off the surface of the liquid. These liquid level sensors feature an accuracy of 0.25% of the detected range and a precision of up to 0.1 in. (2.5 mm) (current reading).

The level spot on two objects that are distant from one another, like posts or stakes in the ground, is frequently determined by the water level.

Learn more about water level:

https://brainly.com/question/22550420

#SPJ4

The final  pressure is 0.65 atm is allowed to expand the gas. Boyle's law, an experimental gas law, states that as a container's capacity rises, a gas's pressure tends to drop.

1) A current formulation of Boyle's law is:

If the temperature and amount of gas remain constant in a closed system, the absolute pressure exerted by a given mass of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to the volume it occupies.

2) Boyle's law can be expressed mathematically as follows:

P ∝ 1/V

or

PV = k

Acc to the Boyle's law ,

P1V1 = P2V2

The initial pressure =  0.975 atm

The initial volume =  400 ml

When the gas is allowed to expand ,

The final Volume = 600 ml

We need to find the Final pressure by using the above formulae and substitute the values in the formulae.

0.975× 400 = P2 ×600 ml

The final pressure = 0.975× 400/600

= 0.65 atm

The final pressure of the gas is 0.65 atm provided that the temperature is constant by using the Boyle's law.

Learn more about Boyle's law here

https://brainly.com/question/26040104

#SPJ4

The molarity of a solution containing 61.3 grams of C₂H₆O in 3.4 l solution is 0.39M.

The molarity of a solution is the quantity of solute in moles per liter of solution. Molarity is represented by a capital M. A solution is a combination of two or more compounds in chemistry in which neither substance undergoes chemical change.

Molarity = given mass / molecular weight × volume of solution (in L)

Molarity = 61.3 / 46.07 × 3.4

Molarity = 61.3 / 156.63 = 0.39M

Therefore, the molarity of a solution containing 61.3 grams of C₂H₆O in 3.4 l solution is 0.39M.

Learn more about molarity here-

https://brainly.com/question/8732513

#SPJ4

Answer:D:32

Explanation:

When acetanilide is combined with an inorganic compound like sand, the melting point of the sample remains constant. Because acetanilide has a melting point of 114.3° Celsius, the melting point after mixing the inorganic compound will be the same as before crystallization.

What is Acetanilide?

Acetanilide is a colorless, odorless solid chemical that resembles a leaf or flake. N-phenylacetamide, acetanil, and acetanilid are other names for it.

Acetanilide is used to stabilize cellulose ester varnishes and as a hydrogen peroxide decomposition inhibitor. It has also been used as an intermediator in the synthesis of rubber accelerators, dyes and dye intermediates, and camphor. Acetanilide is used to make 4-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl chloride, a key intermediate in the production of sulfa drugs.

Find more on Acetanilide at : brainly.com/question/28608131

#SPJ4

In a polar aprotic solvent:

(a) [tex]CH_{3} O^{-}[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex]CH_{3} CO_{2} ^{-}[/tex]

(b) [tex]H_{2} O[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex]H_{2} S[/tex]

(c) [tex](CH_{3} )_{3} N[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex](CH_{3} )_{3} P[/tex].

The nucleophiles have more mobility in solution because polar aprotic solvents do not significantly hydrogen bind to them. In these circumstances, nucleophilicity and basicity have a strong correlation.

(a) The negative charge in [tex]CH_{3} CO_{2} ^{-}[/tex] is in resonance with carboxylic group so [tex]CH_{3} O^{-}[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex]CH_{3} CO_{2} ^{-}[/tex].

The strength of a nucleophile grows along the periodic table in polar protic liquids. On the other hand, the strength diminishes down the periodic table in polar aprotic solvents.

(b) Sulphur atom is placed below Oxygen atom in periodic table as elements are placed on the basis of their atomic number in the periodic table so [tex]H_{2} O[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex]H_{2} S[/tex].

(c) Phosphorus atom is placed below Nitrogen atom in periodic table as elements are placed on the basis of their atomic number in the periodic table so [tex](CH_{3} )_{3} N[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex](CH_{3} )_{3} P[/tex].

Learn more about polar aprotic solvent here:

https://brainly.com/question/25021519

#SPJ4

Increasing the NaCl concentration will increase the osmotic pressure.

Osmotic pressure, alongside the vapor pressure depression, freezing point depression and the boiling point elevation are the colligative properties od solution.

The direction of osmotic pressure is always from the side with the lower concentration of solute to the side with the higher concentration.

π = c(NaCl) × T(NaCL) × R

π is osmotic pressure

c is concentration of solution.

T is temperature in Kelvins.

R is universal gas constant.

Greater the concentration of sodium chloride, the greater is the osmotic pressure, because the osmotic pressure and the concentratio are in direct proportion.

More about osmotic pressure: brainly.com/question/5925156

#SPJ4

After extracting benzoic acid as its anionic salt into the aqueous solution, two more washes were carried out to get rid of any unreacted inorganic elements that were still present in the ether solution (due to the added separating reagent).

NaOH must be added to a mixture in order to extract benzoic acid; any additional NaOH must then be removed in order to proceed. Additionally, the solution is rinsed with water two or three times to remove any extra NaOH.

Washing is done to lessen the amount of residue and other pollutants in the layers. Because ether is non-polar and water is polar, polar contaminants, such as the residual anionic salt of benzoic acid, tend to migrate to the water during washing, giving you a purer organic layer.

Learn more about benzoic acid:

https://brainly.com/question/28059616

#SPJ4

Answer:

0.156 grams or 3.49 liters or 9.39E22 atoms

Explanation:

assuming you want moles:

16.8 / 108 = 0.156

assuming you want liters:

0.156 x 22.4 = 3.49

assuming you want atoms:

0.156 x 6.02E23 = 9.39E22

The only correct statement about the elements is that they are isotopes of the same element because they have the same proton number.

Isotopes are two atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but different mass number. The fact that they both have the same atomic number tells us that they are atoms of the same element. The atomic number is the identity of an element. It helps us to identify which element is which.

Now, when we have elements that differ in the mass number, what this simply means is that the number of the neutrons that are in the atoms are not the same.

Looking at the two atoms as we have seen in the question which are 53Xand  52Y, we can see that the only correct statement about the elements is that they are isotopes of the same element because they have the same proton number.

Learn more about isotopes:https://brainly.com/question/11680817

#SPJ1

122.67 ml of LiOH are required to reach the halfway point.

The balanced equation for the reaction of lithium hydroxide with the acid:

LiOH + HCOOH → HCOOLi + H₂O

V(HCOOH) = 46.0 ml; volume of the acid

c(HCOOH) = 0.400 M; concentration of the acid

c(LiOH) = 0.150 M; concentration of lithium hydroxide

V(LiOH) = ?; volume of lithium hydroxide

At the halfway point: n(HCOOH) = n(LiOH)

c(HCOOH) × V(HCOOH) = c(LiOH) × V(LiOH)

0.400 M × 46.0 ml = 0.150 M × V(LiOH)

V(LiOH) = 0.400 M × 46.0 ml / 0.150 M

V(LiOH) = 122.67 ml; volume of lithium hydroxide

More about neutralization: brainly.com/question/23008798

#SPJ4

Answer:

degree Celsius

Answer:

The farmer places the wheat in the winnowing basket after flailing the grain. The threshing barn doors are opened on windy days. The farmer throws the grain into the air using the winnowing basket, where the wind removes the chaff.

Explanation:

The chemical basis of molecular hybridization is a. base complementarity.

What is hybridization?

In order to create a new set of equivalent orbitals known as hybridised orbitals, distinct orbitals must be mixed together. Bond formation uses these hybrid orbitals.

Hybridized orbitals are the name given to these novel orbitals. The hybridized orbitals are known as sp3 orbitals because they are made up of one s orbital and three p orbitals. These hybrid orbitals' energies fall between the s and p orbitals' energy levels.

Thus, the basis of molecular hybridization in a chemical compound is base complementarity.

To learn more about hybridization from the given link below,

https://brainly.com/question/28207721

#SPJ4

There will be 3 trichloro derivatives of cyclobutane , out of which two are Chiral and cyclopentane will consist of 7 trichloro derivatives out of which all are Chiral.

Those organic compounds which rotate the plane polarized light and having one C atom with 4 different atoms attached and having a symmetry element like plane of symmetry, line of symmetry and centre of symmetry are known as Chiral compounds while those who don't possess any symmetry element are called Achiral compounds . It doesnt rotate plane polarized light.

Trichloro derivative of cyclobutane and cyclopentane are shown in picture below in which molecules containing C atom having * symbol are chiral and rest are achiral.

Learn more about stereoisomers of cyclopentane here https://brainly.com/question/7063755

#SPJ4

Cyclobutane will have three trichloro derivatives, two of which are chiral, and cyclopentane will have seven trichloro derivatives, all of which are achiral.

Organic compounds that have one C atom with four different atoms attached, rotate plane polarized light, and have a symmetry element like a plane of symmetry, line of symmetry, or center of symmetry are known as chiral compounds, whereas compounds without any symmetry element are known as achiral compounds. Light with a plane polarization is not rotated.

The image below shows the trichloro derivative of cyclobutane and cyclopentane, in which the molecules containing the C atom with the symbol * are chiral while the remaining molecules are achiral.

To learn more about this please refer:

https://brainly.com/question/11327912

#SPJ4

Answer: 1.27 g/cm3

Explanation:

160cm3/126.4 grams

The number of Ti atoms will be 1.9×10^25 atoms of Ti

The contribution of atom per unit cell is 2( BCC)

Edge length of unit cell is given as 2.7 ×1 inch

we will convert it in cm so it becomes 6.93 cm

we have to calculate number of Ti atoms .we have to calculate number of Ti atoms .

Density of Ti is given as 4.50g/cm³

volume of unit cell= a³

(6.93)³= 340.68 cm³

Volume of unit cell will be 340.68cm³

we can calculate mass of unit cell

density=mass/volume

4.5= mass/ 340.68

mass= 1530

no of moles can be calculated as mass/molar mass

=32.02 moles

No of atom contained by 1 mole will be

32.02 × 6.022 × 10²³

=1.92 ×10^25

To learn more on this please refer;

brainly.com/question/14530154

#SPJ4

There will be 1.92× 10²⁵ Ti atoms in the final product . It is a BCC type of unit cell and by using edge length and density of the cube, the number of titanium atoms in the unit cells can be calculated.

Two atoms contribute to each unit cell ( BCC)

The unit cell's edge length is specified as 2.7 1 inch.

We'll convert it to centimeters, making it 6.93 cm.

We must determine the quantity of Ti atoms

Ti has a density of 4.50g/cm3.

cell volume equals a³

(6.93)³= 340.68 cm³

The unit cell's volume will be 340.68 cm³

We can determine a unit cell's mass.

density=mass/volume

4.5= mass/ 340.68

mass= 1530

Mass/molar mass can be used to compute the number of moles.

=32.02 moles

The number of atoms in 1 mole will be

32.02 × 6.022 × 10²³

=1.92 ×10²⁵

To know more about calculating number of atoms please refer:

https://brainly.com/question/3522010

#SPJ4

Molarity is defined as the total number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 litre of solution.

The formula of Molarity is =

Molarity = Number of Moles of solute / volume of solution (in L)

Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass

Given,

Mass of NaCl = 25 gm

Molar mass of NaCl= 23 + 35.5

                               = 58.5

So, Number of moles= 25/ 58.5

                                 = 0.427

∴Molarity = 0.427/ 0.3 (in Litres)

              = 1.42 mol/ L

Hence, molarity of the given solution is 1.42 mol/ L.

To learn more about molarity refer-          https://brainly.com/question/17138838

#SPJ4

Molarity of solution is 1.43 mol/L

The total number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution is known as molarity.

The volume of solution divided by the number of moles of solute is known as molarity (volume should be in L)

A measure of the concentration of a chemical species is called molar concentration (also known as molarity, quantity concentration, or substance concentration).

Mass  divided by Molar mass = number of moles

Given,

NaCl weight is 25 gram.

NaCl has a molar mass of 23 + 35.5.

= 58.5

Therefore, number of moles = 25 / 58.5

= 0.43

Molarity = 0.43 / 0.3 (in Liter)

= 1.43 mol/ L

As a result, the supplied solution has a molarity of 1.43 mol/L.

To learn more about molarity refer- brainly.com/question/17138838

#SPJ4