Glycosylases are the enzymes that has a repair function and can excise incorrect nucleotides during dna replication.
Base excision repair is a method for identifying and removing particular kinds of damaged bases. In base excision repair, a class of enzymes known as glycosylases plays a crucial role. Each glycosylase recognises and eliminates a particular type of damaged base.
For instance, a process known as deamination can change a cytosine base into uracil, a base that is generally only found in RNA. Uncorrected cytosine-to-uracil changes can result in mutations because during DNA replication, uracil will pair with adenine rather than guanine (as it would if the base was still cytosine).
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Plants use light energy to produce food chemicals. The process that makes these food chemicals using solar energy is photosynthesis. Chemical reactions convert the radiant energy of the sun into what type of chemical energy?.
Plants utilize the chemical energy from sun's energy to carry out the process of process of photosynthesis and it is used to convert the water and carbon dioxide molecule to carbohydrate (glucose).
Plants absorb sun' energy using photosystem I and photosystem II. This energy is absorbed by the chlorophyll molecule is further utilized by the plant to convert water molecule and carbon dioxide into carbohydrate ( Glucose) via photosynthesis. Glucose is further converted to ATP molecule and this energy is used to carry out various metabolic process in the body.
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in many animals, glucose rather than starch is transported by the blood through the body to all of the cells. Starches in many foods are digested to yield glucose. Based on what you learned in this laboratory activity, explain why the digestion of starch to glucose is necessary
Answer: Starch is too big and insoluble to be used itself unless it is broken down into glucose.
Explanation: Starch is too insoluble to be used for the body. Starch is therefore broken down (or digested) into glucose. Glucose is used for many metabolic reactions (such as respiration) to provide energy for the body.
why is salivary cortisol correlated to the circulating cortisol in blood? what if an individual has circulating cortsol too high or too low?
Salivary cortisol measurements are easy to obtain and measure in most laboratories, and they provide an indirect but reliable and practical assessment .
Cortisol levels that are higher than normal can cause high blood pressure, while cortisol levels that are lower than normal can cause low blood pressure.
What is Cortisol?
Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone produced and released by your adrenal glands.
Hormones are chemicals that help your body coordinate different functions by transporting messages through your blood to your organs, skin, muscles, and other tissues. These signals instruct your body on what to do and when.
Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones. They reduce inflammation throughout your body and regulate metabolism in your muscles, fat, liver, and bones. Glucocorticoids also have an impact on sleep-wake cycles.
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Converts chemical energy from food into useable energy (cellular respiration)
What’s the organelle
Answer:
Mitochondria
Explanation:
In animal cells, the mitochondria converts food into useable energy (through cellular respiration).
believing that dichotomous, or "black-and-white," thinking plays a key role in producing and maintaining dependent personality disorder comes from the _____ perspective.
According to the cognitive-behavioral perspective, "black-and-white" or dichotomous thinking is a major factor in creating and maintaining dependent personality disorder.
What is personality disorder?Personality disorder is defined as a form of mental illness when you have an unnaturally inflexible way of thinking, acting, and behaving. It is challenging for someone with a personality disorder to understand and relate to other people. The two personality disorders with the highest prevalence of diagnoses are borderline and antisocial.
According to CBT philosophy, our actions and thoughts have an impact on how we feel. Our ideas, feelings, physical experiences, and behaviors are all intertwined. Numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of CBT as a treatment for conditions ranging from pain and insomnia to anxiety and depression.
Thus, according to the cognitive-behavioral perspective, "black-and-white" or dichotomous thinking is a major factor in creating and maintaining dependent personality disorder.
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when identical twins are more likely to have an attribute in common than same-sex fraternal twins, we can conclude that . . .
Terms in this group (66) If identical twins are more likely than dizygotic twins of the same sex to share common traits the common attributes have at least some genetic basis.
identical twins their similar appearance, identical twins are unique individuals with their own personalities and interests. Identical twins, also called identical twins, share the same egg at conception and are always either a boy or a girl. Everyone has an equal chance of having identical twins. He is one in about 250 people. However, there are some factors that increase the chances of fraternal twins. Dizygotic twins are more common in some ethnic groups, with the highest among Nigerians and the lowest among Japanese.
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Which sentence describes a result of an organism having lipids in its body?
Answer:
the correct option is be a walrus stays warm in the cold ocean.
Explanation:
Hello, everyone in this weekend we are being asked which of the following is most likely the result of an organism having lipids in its body. So basically walruses have blubber on their bodies to keep them warm in the cold arctic ocean.
You leave your house in a hurry one morning without
your jacket. While you are waiting for the bus, you are
freezing! What body systems are working to keep you
warm?
Mitochondria generate most of the heat in endotherms. They produce most of this body heat.
Mitochondria are a membrane-bound cell organelles that is capable of generating most of the chemical energy needed to functioning the cell's biochemical reactions.
They needs to produce the energy that is used for the activities in the cell, That generate heat as one of the byproducts . Hence ,Producing heat is part of the mitochondria's role in the center of metabolism activity. Human produced heat through burning calories. When body uses energy heat is created. Higher levels of physical activity also produce heat.
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neurons which carry impulses from sensory receptors in the internal organs (viscera), skin, skeletal muscles, joints, or special sensory organs are called
Neurons which carry impulses from sensory receptors in the internal organs (viscera), skin, skeletal muscles, joints, or special sensory organs are called sensory neurons.
Neurons are the nerve cells that function to transmit signals in the form of electrical signals to and from the brain. The neurons are the longest cell in human body. The structure of neuron is composed of a cell body surrounded by dendrites, a long axon and the axon terminal.
Sensory organs are those that receive signals from the outer environment. These organs are composed of sensory neurons that help them receive the stimulus. The sensory organs of the body are eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin.
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After the geologic event, which layer is the oldest?
layer A
layer B
layer C
layer D
Answer: It's A
Explanation:
Why has natural selection favored the evolution of double circulation in birds and mammals?.
As a result of their higher energy requirements compared to reptiles and amphibians of the same size, natural selection has favored the evolution of double circulation in birds and mammals. The right response in this case is option D.
The rigorous separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is supported by double circulation. In order to ensure that the body always has a dedicated supply of oxygen, this circulation also increases bodily efficiency. In part because of this, mammals are able to regulate their body temperatures.
Blood flows to all four chambers of the heart the left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, and right ventricle during double circulation. Blood circulation is successfully completed by blood vessels such as the pulmonary artery, aorta, vena cava, and pulmonary vein.
Due to the fact that blood circulates through the heart twice per circuit, it is called a twofold circulation system.
Complete question:
Why has natural selection favored the evolution of double circulation in birds and
mammals?
A - because they have more viscous blood than reptiles and amphibians
B - because they cannot obtain as much oxygen from the air as reptiles and amphibians
C - because they are larger than reptiles and amphibians
D - because they use more energy than equivalent-sized reptiles and amphibians
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which amphibian order has aquatic and terrestrial species with very flexible bodies, has a tail, and retains its juvenile features throughout its life?
Order Urodela has amphibian with aquatic and terrestrial species with very flexible bodies, has a tail, and retains its juvenile features throughout its life.
What is terrestrial species?
An animal or plant that lives on land or in the ground, as opposed to the sea, trees, or the air, is said to be terrestrial. There are occasionally aquatic and terrestrial animals seen sleeping next to each other under a loose stone.
These animals can run quickly because the majority of them have legs. They must move quickly to capture their prey or avoid being an animal's next meal (predators).
Therefore, Order Urodela has amphibian with aquatic and terrestrial species with very flexible bodies, has a tail, and retains its juvenile features throughout its life.
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Muscles have a bunch of nuclei because they need to use the dna in the nuclei to make the large number of proteins that they must contain, so that they can relax and contract. What other organelle might muscles need a larger than normal number of?.
Multinucleation is one mechanism adopted by cells to generate and sustain large muscle cell sizes.
Muscle cells are one of the most important mobile kinds, which are fashioned via the fusion of mononucleated myoblasts and contain up to numerous tens of invertebrates to several hundred vertebrates nuclei.
Skeletal muscle cells are long, cylindrical, and striated. they're multi-nucleated which means that they have got multiple nuclei. that is due to the fact they are formed from the fusion of embryonic myoblasts. each nucleus regulates the metabolic necessities of the sarcoplasm around it.
Few cells such as the skeletal muscle cells are multinucleated cells due to the fact after the system of mitosis, cell division in them stops and the cell does not undergo cytokinesis, as a result generating a couple of nuclei. at some point in most cancers or viral sicknesses, the cellular cycle of those cells will become unregulated.
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HELLO PLEASE HELP ME (question 18)
A mutation that knocked out the proofreading function of dna polymerase would result in __________.
A mutation that knocked out the proofreading function of DNA polymerase would result in a higher-than-normal rate of DNA synthesis errors.
DNA synthesis errors would occur more frequently than usual if a mutation rendered DNA polymerase incapable of proofreading.
The polymerase enzyme corrects errors that are frequently made during DNA synthesis or replication. The enzyme double-checks the base sequence to make sure that each time the new, elongating strand is added, the proper nucleotide bases that are complementary to the parent strand are added.
A higher-than-normal error rate will arise at the end of replication if a mutation occurs in the DNA polymerase enzyme and it loses the capacity to check for and correct errors.
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in lab you will be using different antisera to make observations about the abo blood system . what antibodies are in antiserum a?
Anti-A is contained in antiserum A.
What is ABO blood type?The AB0 typing test is used to find your blood type. Antibodies against type A and B blood are in combination with a blood sample. The selection is then examined to analyze if the blood cells are sticking together. When the blood reacts with one of the antibodies, the blood cells stick together.
Anti-A, anti-B and anti-A,B reagents are used for the determination of ABO blood group red blood cells. They are used to determine the presence or absence of erythrocyte antigens A and/or B on the surface of human erythrocytes.
Cells have protein molecules called antigens. When an antigen is foreign to the body it responds by producing antibodies against that antigen.
If red blood cells contain antigen A, the body is more likely to have anti-A antibodies than antibody B.
Therefore, the antibodies present in antiserum a are anti-A
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A cell in a multicellular organism receives a signal to increase production of a transmembrane protein found in the cell membrane. Which of the following combinations of structures is expected to be directly involved in the process?
a) Nucleus, chloroplast, cytoskeleton, ribosome
b) Nucleus, ribosome, ER, Golgi complex
c) Lysosome, mitochondria, Golgi complex, cytoskeleton
d) Chloroplasts, nucleus, mitochondria, lysosome
I know that c is wrong, but could someone help explain which is the right one and why c is wrong?
Answer:
b) Nucleus, ribosome, ER, Golgi complex
Explanation:
"B" is correct because, with protein production, DNA must first be transcripted to RNA in the nucleus, then the RNA travels to a ribosome at the ER to start translation (RNA to amino acid sequence). Finally, it is sent to the Golgi complex to be further processed and/or sorted to be transported to its destination (in this case, it will be sorted to be transported to the cell membrane).
"C" is incorrect: the mitochondria, cytoskeleton, and lysosome do not play a direct role in protein synthesis.
The cytoskeleton is primarily involved with maintaining the structure of the cell along with spindle development in mitosis.The mitochondrion is "the powerhouse of the cell" and is mainly involved with cellular respiration: the process of converting glucose to energy (ATP).Lysosomes' typical function is to break down excess/worn-out organelles and to kill pathogens. Lysosomes have been hypothesized to be part of protein synthesis; however, it has not been confirmed yet.Individuals have two alleles for each gene, and when gametes form by meiosis, the two alleles.
In meiosis, each gamete receives one allele according to the law of segregation.
What is the law of segregation?Each gamete inherits one allele from each parent for each gene, in accordance with the Law of Segregation.
The gamete acquires one copy of each allele from each parent after each parent's two copies of each allele are split apart during meiosis (for a total of two alleles).
Therefore due to the law of segregation one gamete receives only one allele according to the law of segregation.
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Which two body parts are part of both the digestive and respiratory system?.
The pharynx joins the throat's larynx and esophagus to the mouth. The epiglottis, often known as the flap-like structure at the end of the pharynx, is there. When eating, the flap moves to one side; when breathing, it moves to the opposite side.
At the back of the nose and mouth, in the pharynx (FAR-inks), or throat, the two airway openings—the nasal cavity and the mouth—meet. Because it carries both food and air, the pharynx is a component of the respiratory system as well as the digestive system. The respiratory system not only aids in breathing but also stops hazardous substances from entering the body when eating, sneezing, or coughing. The pharynx, also known as the throat, is a flexible muscular tube with a funnel-like form that carries air from the mouth and nose to the trachea, also known as the windpipe. It also joins the larynx, esophagus, and nasal and oral canals.
Both the respiratory and digestive systems depend on the pharynx. Air can move from the nasal cavity to the lungs, larynx, and trachea thanks to it. The epiglottis is located in the nasopharynx, a region of the throat. Air is kept out of the digestive system by covering the esophageal opening.
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external bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because
Using your gloved hand to apply pressure on the wound to control bleeding Direct pressure.
What is bleeding?Bleeding that can be seen coming from a wound. External bleeding. The escape of blood from an artery, vein, or capillary inside the body. d. Internal bleeding.A tight band placed around an arm or leg to constrict blood vessels in order to stop blood flow to a wound Tourniquet.
Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts of the body to the heart. f. Veins Vessels that transport blood to the capillaries for distribution to the cells arteries A bandage applied snugly to maintain pressure on the wound to control bleeding Pressure bandage.
Therefore, Using your gloved hand to apply pressure on the wound to control bleeding Direct pressure.
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external bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because it is accompanied by an open wound. Bleeding can lead to a complex chain of events as the brain, heart, and lungs try to compensate for the loss of blood.
what are the types of external bleeding ?The most difficult type is bleeding from the arteries because the blood in the arteries comes directly from the heart.
Arterial blood has a high concentration of oxygen and has a bright red color. Arterial bleeding is a form of life-threatening external bleeding needs to be controlled as quickly as possible.
bleeding from veins are closer to the skin's surface, Venous blood flows at a slower rate than arterial blood and it doesn't spurt, making it easier to control.
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Please help me. Label the cell membrane
Answer:
A = Carbohydrate chains
B = glycoproteins
C = Glucose
D = Hydrophylic head
E = Hydrophobic tails
F = Phospholipid bi-layer
G = Cytoskeleton
H = Structural proteins
I = Cholesterol
J = Channel protein
Explanation: open source intelligence could have solved your question. mark brainliest tho ty
Differential treatment on the basis of gender is also known as gender _____________.
Differential treatment on the basis of gender is also known as gender discrimination
What is the gender difference?Women make their claims for benefits as spouses and carers, whilst males do so as family providers and earners. Gender differentiation is tied to separate programs for labor market and family demands, structuring benefits claims. The gap between the benefits received by men and women is known as gender inequality.
By gender identity, what do you mean?An individual's internal and unique experience of gender is their gender identity. It is the perception of a person as being a woman, a man, neither, both, or somewhere else on the gender continuum. A person's gender identity could be the same as or different from the sex they were given at birth.
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will mark brainless and giving away 50 points I need the answer quickly
The picture shows a student’s experiment with Elodea, a common aquatic plant.
Which change in this experiment is most likely to increase the volume of oxygen gas that accumulates in the top of the tube?
A.Move the light source closer to the beaker
B. replace the beaker with a larger container
C.reduce the amount of water
D.use fewer plants
The volume of oxygen gas that accumulates in the top of the tube is Moving the light source closer to the beaker. Option A.
The photo shows a student's experiment using Irodea a widespread aquatic plant. In this experiment, which is most likely to increase the amount of oxygen gas that collects at the top of the tube? Move the correct light source closer to the beaker.
Photosynthesis is the process that involves the chemical reaction between water and carbon dioxide in the presence of light to produce food for plants and release oxygen into the atmosphere as a by-product. The relationship between pressure and volume Boyle's Law. As the pressure of the gas increases the gas particles are pushed together thus reducing the volume of the gas.
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Specific cyclins must be expressed to carry out the events of the cell cycle. What is the role of rna polymerase in this process?.
RNA polymerase is responsible for the synthesis of RNA from DNA template. In order for specific cyclins to be expressed, RNA polymerase must first bind to the promoter region of the gene encoding the cyclin.
Once bound, RNA polymerase will begin to transcribe the gene into RNA. The RNA produced by RNA polymerase can then be translated into protein, which will go on to perform the function of the cyclin. Cyclin is a protein that regulates the cell cycle. It does this by binding to and activating enzymes that control cell division.
Cyclin is produced in response to signals that tell the cell it is time to divide. These signals can come from other cells in the body, or from the environment. Once cyclin is produced, it binds to enzymes that control cell division. These enzymes are called cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). CDKs phosphorylate (add a phosphate group to) other proteins that control cell division. This phosphorylation activates these proteins, and the cell begins to divide.
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Compared to the healthy dog, did the enzymes from claire's stomach break down the protein at a low, normal or high rate?.
Compared to the healthy dog, the enzymes from claire's stomach break down the protein at a low rate.
Claire is a Great Dane who become dropping weight no matter the truth that she is eating. Claire does not have an boom in urge for food and additionally does not have sufficient electricity this is required for her to play.
Claire is dropping weight due to the fact meals the enzymes in her frame does not damage down the meals that she eats. When in comparison to a canine that become healthy, the enzymes from Claire's small gut broke down protein at a low rate.
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While studying the dna of organisms within a single species, erwin chargaff discovered that the amount of adenine is about equal to the amount of thymine. which of these explains why the ratio of adenine to thymine is nearly 1:1? (6a) question 5 options: adenine and thymine pair with each other. adenine binds with phosphates, while thymine binds with nitrates. adenine and thymine are identical in chemical composition adenine bases contain a form of thymine.
Adenine and thymine pair with each other explanation of the discovery of Erwin Chargaff where the amount of adenine is about equal to the amount of thymine.
Erwin Chargaff state that in the DNA, the ratios of adenine (A) to thymine (T) and guanine (G) to cytosine (C) are equal.
Chargaff's rules tells that in the DNA of any species , the amount of guanine should be equal to the amount of cytosine and the amount of adenine should be equal to the amount of thymine. This molecular diversity added evidence that DNA could be the genetic material.
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Which best describes the relationship between chromosomes, genes, and inherited traits?.
Chromosomes contain the genes. The transmission and expression of inherited features from parents to children are governed by genes. This is the most accurate way to explain how chromosomes, genes, and inherited traits interact. The right response in this case is option B.
Chromosomes, which are found in the cell nucleus, are where genes are found. There are hundreds to thousands of genes on each chromosome. There are 46 chromosomes in all, or 23 pairs, in each typical human cell. Any characteristic that is influenced by more than one gene is called a trait.
Chromosomes are multi-gene-containing structures. They determine a person's distinctive characteristics and are passed on from parents to children. Every organism's genome is made up of DNA, genes, and chromosomes. Every living thing, including people, has a distinct genome.
Complete question:
Which best describes the relationship between chromosomes, genes, and inherited traits?
A - Genes and chromosomes both carry DNA that determine inherited traits from parents to offspring.
B - Genes are located within chromosomes. Genes determine the passing and expression of inherited traits from parent to offspring.
C - Chromosomes are located within genes. Chromosomes determine genetic code for inherited traits from parent to offspring.
D - Genes are controlled by chromosomes. Chromosomes create mutations and new genes that are passed from parent to offspring.
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a biochemistry professor realizes that she is late to give her lecture and begins to run. within ~1 second, not only is she out of breath, but flux of glucose through glycolysis in her muscles is greatly stimulated. the most likely mechanism to account for this increase in glycolytic flux is:
Biochemistry investigates how the countless unique, lifeless biomolecules give rise to the amazing characteristics of living things.
Which is the right way to breathe?We refer to the action of breathing and exhaling with the verb "to breathe." A whole breathing cycle is referred to by the term breath. The air that is breathed or exhaled can also be included. Both words are parts of numerous phrases and idioms and can be used in a variety of ways.
What is the name for a deep breath?GI patients are taught the simple method of diaphragmatic breathing, often known as deep breathing and belly breathing, to assist them manage stress brought on by GI disorders. It is useful to urge the muscles to relax by concentrating on the breath.
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50POINTS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1
Describe how energy and matter move through the environment under both aerobic
and anaerobic conditions. Must be at least two paragraphs
Answer:
Energy drives the cycling of matter within and between systems. Energy drives the cycling of matter within and between systems in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration (including anaerobic processes) provide most of the energy for life processes.
Explanation:
other than dominant/recessive, which patterns of control could exist for a single gene with two alleles? select all that apply. check all that apply incomplete dominance incomplete dominance genetic drift genetic drift incomplete penetrance incomplete penetrance codominance codominance pleiotropy
Incomplete dominance and codominance are two different patterns of control that could exist for a single gene with two alleles rather than complete dominance (i.e., other than dominant/recessive).
What are incomplete dominance and codominance?Incomplete dominance is a genetic phenomenon in which both alleles are expressed in the phenotype in a similar way that the genetic phenomenon of codominance. However, incomplete dominance denoted the higher expression of a gene variant or allele over another, while codominance involves the expression of both alleles in an equivalent manner.
For example, the expression of the A and B alleles in the blood allele system is a case of codominance.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that incomplete dominance and codominance are two different genetic phenomena that involve the expression of alleles in a single locus in a different manner when compared to complete dominance.
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