which four states account for 91% of all u.s. earthquakes of magnitude 3.5 and above?

Answer:

The map shows the climatic region of East Asia, which is characterized by ahumid subtropical climate as per their color.What is a thematic map?A thematic map is one that is used to show the geographical patterns of a specific area and involves the use of symbols. It allows for visualizing theselected properties of the geographical features. As per the map, the climate of China is shown. The first region is cyan which is humid subtropical and includes Wuhan, Shanghai has heavy rain and long summers. The second region is brown has highlands and the third region is cream color semi-arid or desert which is  Lanzhou and Hohhot. The fourth area is silver or peach and is semi-arid its small and semi-arid. The fifth region is humid continental and has cool summers. Find out more information about the map.

Explanation:

In the given statement, Between 25° and 35° latitude, the salinity of the water is likely to be high.

This is because these latitudes are generally characterized by high evaporation rates and low precipitation rates, which can result in the concentration of salt and other dissolved minerals in the water. As water evaporates from the surface, it leaves behind salt and other minerals, which can increase the salinity of the remaining water. In addition, these latitudes are often associated with subtropical high-pressure zones, which can create a stable and dry climate that further promotes evaporation and concentration of salt in the water. High salinity can have important implications for marine ecosystems, as it can affect the distribution of marine organisms and their ability to tolerate environmental stressors. Overall, understanding the factors that influence salinity is important for understanding the health and functioning of marine ecosystems around the world.

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Answer:

C. France

Explanation:

France was once a clear example of a European nation-state.

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Answer:

1. Political: Colombia was close to legalizing abortion. Instead, a top court kept restrictions in place

Source: The Washington Post, Date: 3/03/2020

On 2006, Colombian constitutional court ruled abortion was legal in three specific cases: pregnancy resulted from violation, a risk to the mother's life, or fetus malformation. This is more progressive than most Latin American countries jurisdiction; abortion is still outright banned in most Caribbean and Central American countries. It is legal only in Cuba, Uruguay and some Mexican States.

However, there is a wave of change driven by feminist activists in the region. Pro-choice activists argue that poor women find too many barriers to access legal abortion, hence they risk their lives using illegal abortion clinics. Therefore, legal abortion reduces inequality between poor and middle-class women.

Colombian pro-choice activists received a boost when Argentine President announced he intends to issue a bill to legalize abortion. He counts with wide civil society support to pass this bill. This contrasts with a highly divided civil society in Colombia, where the church has a strong influence over policy-making, and where the Colombian president openly opposes abortion.

So, pro-choice activists hoped that the Colombian Constitutional court (which is regarded as a progressive institution) would rule to legalise abortion in the country. Nevertheless, the legalisation of abortion was one vote short to be ruled. According to activist, this is a missing opportunity for the country, to become a leading Latin American Nation in terms of reproductive rights.

2. Economic: UPDATE 1-Colombia tries to calm coronavirus fears, market skeptical

Source: Reuters, 9/03/2020

Colombia's government and central back stated on Monday that Colombia's economy can withstand the coronavirus' impact on the global economy. According to Reuters, the finance ministry stated that "(t)he fundamentals of the Colombian economy are still solid and will absorb the described external shocks without severe trauma to financial activity and stability [and] The authorities will take pertinent actions in a coordinated way and the decisions will be announced jointly and when appropriate,”

However, analysts disagree with the government's statement. Crude is the main Colombian export and source of foreign exchange, so after Monday's 10% fall on oil price, the Colombian peso lost 6.29% of its value. Therefore, it is plausible that the Coronavirus impact over the economy could lead the Country to miss the fiscal deficit target of 2.2% of GDP. This failure might lead to a credit rating downgrade for the fourth-largest economy in Latin America.

3. Social: Colombia Is Dealing With a Terrifying Refugee Crisis. Will Wealthy Nations Step Up to Help?

source: The New York Times, 03/10/2020

More than 5million people have fled Venezuela in the past 15 years. This is the largest refugee crisis in Latin America recorded history. Today, it is only comparable to the Syrian refugee crisis. Venezuelans exiles in western countries come from a middle-class professional background. Yet Venezuelans refugees reaching Colombia are in dire poverty conditions, fleeing from violence as well as from hunger, disease and lack of basic necessities. Moreover, Colombia is one of the largest receivers of Venezuelan migrants, and its open border policy contrast with other Latin American nations: Chile and Ecuador are demanding visas from Venezuelan people, Peru is imposing restrictions to migration, and Mexico harasses Venezuelans at border crossings.

Therefore, Colombia is the country that has received the heaviest burden, with thousands of people crossing its border each day. However, Colombia is facing a political crisis of its own, and thousands have rallied against President Duque conservative government during the past months. To attend the crisis, the country is by its own means, and the money simply is not enough. Roughly, each Venezuelan refugee has received about $125. In contrast, the International Community has invested circa $1500 in each Syrian refugee. Given the size of the crisis, Wealthy nations should do more than they are doing to support Colombia and Venezuelans refugees to overcome this crisis.

Explanation:

In the case of the abortion bill, the analysis is focused on the response from the constitutional court, describing the situation as political. The coronavirus impact on Colombia is clearly described from am economical stance. And finally, the Venezuelan refugee crisis is described as a social issue that requires the attention of the international community.

So while the chinook wind may bring warmer temperatures, it does not necessarily mean that the overall climate in mountainous regions is not cold.

The chinook wind is a warm and dry wind that blows down the leeward slopes of mountain ranges. It is known for its ability to rapidly melt snow and ice, and can cause sudden and drastic temperature changes. However, it is important to note that while the chinook wind is warm, the temperatures can still be quite cold in mountainous regions. In fact, the mountainous terrain can contribute to the cold temperatures as it can trap cold air and prevent warm air from rising. So while the chinook wind may bring warmer temperatures, it does not necessarily mean that the overall climate in mountainous regions is not cold.

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Magmatic Differentiation describes the formation of one or more secondary magmas from a single parent magma.

Magmatic differentiation refers to the process in which a single parent magma undergoes physical and chemical changes, leading to the formation of multiple secondary magmas with different compositions. During magmatic differentiation, as the parent magma cools and solidifies, certain minerals may crystallize out of the melt, altering the remaining liquid's composition.

This process can occur due to factors such as differences in cooling rates, changes in pressure, or the presence of volatile substances. As a result, the remaining liquid can become enriched or depleted in certain elements or minerals, leading to the formation of different secondary magmas. The secondary magmas may have distinct chemical compositions, mineral assemblages, and eruptive behaviors compared to the original parent magma.

Magmatic differentiation plays a vital role in generating the diverse range of igneous rocks found on Earth and contributes to the variability observed in volcanic eruptions and volcanic rock formations.

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Ozone is known as a selective absorber of ultraviolet radiation.

Ozone molecules in the Earth's stratosphere absorb high-energy ultraviolet radiation from the sun, which causes the ozone to break apart and recombine with other oxygen molecules, releasing heat in the process. This absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone is important because it prevents most of the harmful ultraviolet radiation from reaching the Earth's surface, where it can cause skin cancer and other damage to living organisms. Carbon dioxide, water vapor, and clouds do not selectively absorb ultraviolet radiation in the same way as ozone.

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The differences between summertime and wintertime beaches are quite significant. These differences occur because of the changes in weather patterns during the different seasons.

During summertime, beaches are typically warm, sunny, and crowded. People flock to the beach to soak up the sun, swim in the ocean, and relax. The water is also warmer during summertime, making it more comfortable for swimming and water activities. In contrast, during wintertime, beaches are often cold, windy, and desolate. The water is colder and less inviting for swimming, and the overall atmosphere is much quieter and more subdued.
During summertime, the sun is high in the sky, providing warmth and light for longer periods of the day. This allows the water to warm up and makes it more comfortable for people to swim and engage in water activities. In contrast, during wintertime, the sun is lower in the sky, providing less warmth and shorter daylight hours. The cold weather and shorter daylight hours make it less desirable for people to visit the beach, leading to a more desolate atmosphere.
In conclusion, while summertime beaches are warm and bustling with activity, wintertime beaches are cold and quiet. The differences in weather patterns between the two seasons are responsible for these variations, as they affect the temperature of the water and the overall atmosphere of the beach.

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A typhoon is a tropical cyclone that forms in the western Pacific Ocean, specifically in the North Pacific basin to the east of the dateline.

It is the same phenomenon as a hurricane or a cyclone, but it has a different name depending on the region it occurs in. A typhoon is characterized by strong winds, heavy rainfall, and storm surges that can cause significant damage to coastal regions. They are classified by their sustained wind speed, with a typhoon being classified as having sustained winds of 74 miles per hour or greater. Typhoons can have a significant impact on countries in the western Pacific region, particularly in East Asia and Southeast Asia.

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The time of day when the relative humidity reaches a maximum value varies depending on the location and climate.

However, in general, the relative humidity tends to reach its maximum value during the early morning hours just before sunrise. This is because at night, temperatures cool and the air can hold less moisture, causing water vapor to condense into dew or frost. As the sun rises, the air temperature increases and the relative humidity decreases as the air can hold more moisture. This pattern can vary based on local weather conditions and other factors such as wind patterns and cloud cover.

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The changing dark and light features visible on the Martian surface from Earth are primarily caused by windblown dust.

As the planet rotates, the areas of lighter-colored dust, such as bright regions around the polar caps or sand dunes, appear to move across the surface, while darker regions such as volcanic plains or impact craters remain relatively stationary. During the planet's dust storm seasons, the atmosphere can become thick with suspended dust, causing the entire planet to appear reddish-brown in color. Additionally, seasonal changes in the amount of sunlight reaching different parts of the planet can cause changes in the appearance of the polar ice caps, which can also affect the overall appearance of the planet.

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A type of species removal when vegetation is naturally replaced by another group is termed succession.

The correct answer to the question is D) succession. Succession is a natural process that involves the gradual replacement of one plant community by another over time. It occurs in all ecosystems, and it is influenced by a variety of factors, including soil conditions, climate, and disturbances such as fire, drought, or human activities. Succession can be divided into two types: primary and secondary. Primary succession occurs in areas where there was no previous vegetation, such as after a volcanic eruption, while secondary succession occurs in areas where vegetation has been removed but the soil remains, such as after a fire or logging. Succession is an important ecological process because it helps to maintain biodiversity and allows for the rejuvenation of ecosystems after disturbances.

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A PSTN gateway is a device that acts as a bridge between a VoIP network and the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).

It is responsible for translating the different signaling and media protocols used by these two networks so that they can communicate with each other seamlessly.

The PSTN gateway enables VoIP users to make calls to traditional phone lines and vice versa. It also provides a cost-effective solution for businesses and organizations that want to leverage the benefits of VoIP while still maintaining their existing PSTN infrastructure.

The gateway converts the digital signals used by VoIP networks into analog signals that can be understood by traditional telephony equipment, making it possible for businesses to enjoy the benefits of VoIP without the need for significant infrastructure changes.

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True. In the northern hemisphere, tornadoes can rotate both clockwise and counterclockwise. This is due to the Coriolis effect, which is caused by the Earth's rotation.

The Coriolis effect causes objects, including air masses, to deflect to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. Tornadoes are essentially rotating columns of air, so the direction of their rotation is influenced by the Coriolis effect.

However, it's important to note that the majority of tornadoes in the northern hemisphere rotate counterclockwise, while only a small percentage rotate clockwise. This is because the counterclockwise rotation is more stable and easier to maintain in the northern hemisphere.

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The city that lends its name to the comma used before the conjunction "and" at the end of a list is Oxford, making it commonly known as the "Oxford comma."

The Oxford comma is also referred to as the "serial comma" or the "Harvard comma," depending on the context. This comma is used to separate items in a list of three or more, with the comma appearing before the final conjunction "and" or "or."

The use of the Oxford comma is a subject of debate among writers and grammarians. Some people argue that it can make sentences clearer and less ambiguous, while others consider it unnecessary and redundant.

Supporters of the Oxford comma argue that it can prevent confusion and ambiguity, as it can differentiate between items in a list and the last item in the list when the conjunction is also used.

Opponents of the Oxford comma argue that it can create unnecessary clutter and disrupt the flow of a sentence.

Overall, the decision to use the Oxford comma is largely a matter of style and personal preference. Some style guides, such as the Associated Press Stylebook, do not require its use, while others, such as The Chicago Manual of Style, recommend its use.

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True. Rock flour consists of silt-sized rock and mineral particles that are produced by glacial abrasion.

Glacial abrasion is a process in which glaciers and ice sheets move across the landscape, eroding and wearing down the underlying bedrock. As the ice moves, it acts like a giant file, grinding against the bedrock and breaking it into smaller particles. The resulting debris includes a mixture of fine-grained rock and mineral fragments, often in the form of silt-sized particles.

These silt-sized particles are collectively known as rock flour. They are typically very fine in texture and can range in color depending on the composition of the bedrock being abraded. The process of glacial abrasion is aided by the presence of embedded rock fragments within the ice, which act as cutting tools, further breaking down the bedrock and contributing to the production of rock flour.

Rock flour is often found in glacial environments, particularly in areas with active glaciation or in regions that have experienced glacial activity in the past. It can be transported by meltwater streams and deposited in glacial outwash plains or other landforms associated with glacial processes.

The presence of rock flour has important implications for soil formation, sediment transport, and ecosystem dynamics in glaciated regions.

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A location on a windward coast refers to a place where the prevailing wind is blowing from the ocean towards the land. The term "windward" refers to the side or direction from which the wind is coming. In the context of a coast, the windward side faces the prevailing onshore winds.

The prevailing winds are influenced by various factors such as global atmospheric circulation patterns, local topography, and proximity to large bodies of water. Along windward coasts, the prevailing winds blow from the ocean towards the land. This windward flow often brings moisture-laden air from the ocean, resulting in higher levels of humidity and increased chances of precipitation.

The presence of windward coasts can have significant effects on climate, weather patterns, and the development of ecosystems. The moist, onshore winds can contribute to the formation of fog, promote the growth of lush vegetation, and influence the distribution of precipitation. Windward coasts are often associated with a higher amount of rainfall compared to leeward coasts, which are sheltered from the prevailing winds and may experience drier conditions.

It's important to note that the terms "windward" and "leeward" are relative to the prevailing wind direction. Therefore, the windward coast of one region might be the leeward coast of another, depending on the local wind patterns.

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Answer:

The Solstices make day or night significantly longer. The most important thing that they do is cause the seasons, with the earth on its 23.5 degree angle along with the sun and the rotation the Earth this causes the seasons and the appropriate climate for humans to live.

Depressions and tropical cyclones are two types of weather systems that differ from each other in several ways Origin, Wind speed, Pressure, and Frequency.

1. Origin: Depressions typically originate in mid-latitudes, while tropical cyclones originate in tropical regions.

2. Wind speed: Tropical cyclones have much higher wind speeds than depressions. Cyclones can have wind speeds of up to 300 km/h, while depressions typically have wind speeds of less than 60 km/h.

3. Pressure: Tropical cyclones have a much lower pressure than depressions. Cyclones have a minimum central pressure of 980 millibars or less, while depressions have a minimum central pressure of 1000 millibars or more.

4. Frequency: Tropical cyclones are more frequent in the tropics, where there is a warm ocean and high atmospheric humidity, while depressions are more frequent in mid-latitudes.

In summary, tropical cyclones are stronger and more intense than depressions, with much higher wind speeds and lower pressure. Tropical cyclones form in tropical regions while depressions form in mid-latitudes. Understanding the differences between these two weather systems is crucial in predicting their paths and potential impact on human populations and the environment.

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True. The statement is true. The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low-pressure zone that is generally located near the equator.

It is characterized by the convergence of trade winds from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. As the trade winds from the two hemispheres meet, they ascend due to the convergence and create a region of low atmospheric pressure.

The ascending air in the ITCZ leads to the formation of abundant clouds and heavy precipitation, making it a zone of significant rainfall and atmospheric instability. The ITCZ is known for its shifting nature, influenced by the movement of the sun, seasonal changes, and other atmospheric factors.

It is an important feature in the global atmospheric circulation system and plays a crucial role in shaping weather patterns, particularly in tropical regions.

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An essential characteristic of an index fossil is B) The organism only lived for a short period of geologic time.

An index fossil is a fossil that is used to identify and correlate rock layers and geologic time periods. The essential characteristic of an index fossil is that it is an organism that only lived for a short period of geologic time, typically ranging from a few thousand to a few million years.

This makes the fossil useful for determining the relative age of rock layers and for correlating rock layers from different locations.

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A deep-water wave occurs when the water depth is equal to at least 1/2 of the wavelength.

Various energy are carried by light, sound, heat, and water waves. Since energy is characterized as the ability to do work, all forms of energy may be transformed into labor. Science uses the word "work" to explain how an item moves as a result of a force acting on it. When they move objects, waves actually do work. Deep-water waves are waves that pass over a body of water where the depth is greater than half the length of the wave.

All wind-generated waves traveling over the wide ocean are considered deep-water waves. The orbital movements of deep-water wave cannot travel to depths greater than one-half their wavelength, therefore they do not interact with the ocean floor.

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According to the map of primate distribution throughout the world, there are no primates in Antarctica.

In the world's tropical and subtropical regions,Primate species are found  where the environment is warm and humid. Antarctica is a frigid and arid continent in the Southern Hemisphere.

In the southern hemisphere, Antarctica is a cold and dry continent and it is the world's coldest and driest continent.  cold temperatures and high winds, making it impossible for many species of life to exist considered as traits of Antarctica's climate.

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The isoline that connects all points of highest mean temperature on a world map is called an isotherm.

Isotherms are lines that connect points of equal temperature on a map. By tracing isotherms, we can see how temperature varies across a region or the entire world. The isotherm that connects points of highest mean temperature is known as the equator. The equator is the line of latitude at 0 degrees that circles the Earth, and it receives the most direct sunlight and has the highest temperatures. As we move away from the equator, temperatures decrease until we reach the poles, where temperatures are at their lowest.

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Acute and Chronic diseases are exact opposites. The examples include Asthma attack, Broken bone for acute illness while Arthritis, High blood pressure for chronic diseases.

Acute diseases typically appear out of nowhere and endure for a brief period of time, frequently just a couple of days or weeks. The diseases are frequently brought on by viruses or infections, but they can also be brought on by injuries sustained in falls or car accidents, or by the abuse of narcotics or pharmaceuticals.

Chronic illnesses take months or years to develop and may get worse throughout that time. Conditions are frequently brought on by bad habits that raise the likelihood of contracting diseases, such as poor diet, insufficient exercise, excessive alcohol usage, or smoking. In addition, genetic, environmental, social, and emotional variables are important. Individuals have a higher risk of developing a variety of chronic disease as they get more senior.

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By using principles like lateral continuity, scientists can piece together the geological history of a region and gain insights into past environmental conditions, climate, and geological processes.

The principle of lateral continuity best describes why rocks exposed on one side of a river valley are related to rocks on the other. This principle states that layers of sedimentary rocks extend laterally in all directions until they thin out or encounter a barrier. Therefore, rocks exposed on one side of a river valley would have originally been continuous with rocks on the other side before the river eroded the middle section and created the valley. This principle is fundamental to the practice of relative dating, which involves determining the order of events in Earth's history based on the relationships between rock layers and their characteristics. By using principles like lateral continuity, scientists can piece together the geological history of a region and gain insights into past environmental conditions, climate, and geological processes.

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This allowed them to navigate with great precision, even in the open ocean, and to make their way to the Hawaiian Islands, thousands of miles away from their point of departure.

Polynesian navigators were able to navigate their way across the vast expanse of the Pacific Ocean using a range of techniques that were passed down through generations. These techniques included reading the stars, waves, and currents, as well as observing the behavior of sea birds. When setting out from the Marquesas northward, navigators would have used the position of the stars to guide them towards Hawaii. As they crossed the equator, they would have relied on their knowledge of the changing wind patterns and ocean currents, as well as the behavior of sea birds, to guide them on their journey. The Polynesian navigators were skilled in reading the signs of nature and were able to use their knowledge to make accurate predictions about the direction and speed of the wind and current. This allowed them to navigate with great precision, even in the open ocean, and to make their way to the Hawaiian Islands, thousands of miles away from their point of departure.

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The correct option is B. In conclusion, the discovery of three terrestrial-sized planets near a magnetar is a significant achievement in the field of astronomy. It adds to the growing body of evidence that suggests that planets can form and survive in a variety of environments. The discovery opens up new avenues for exploration and study of planets beyond our solar system.

The discovery of three terrestrial-sized planets in close orbits has been a significant achievement in the field of astronomy. These planets have been found near a magnetar, a highly magnetic neutron star. It is an exciting discovery, as the planets in close proximity to a magnetar pose a challenging environment for their survival. The high-energy radiation from the magnetar could strip away the atmosphere of the planets, making it difficult for life to exist.

The three planets are classified as terrestrial planets, which means they are rocky planets like Earth. They are in orbits of a fraction of an AU, which means they are relatively close to their host star. The discovery of these planets adds to the growing number of exoplanets found in the universe. Studying these planets could help us understand the formation and evolution of planets in different environments.

It is worth noting that the discovery of these planets near a magnetar is not the only such discovery. In 2016, a team of astronomers discovered a planet orbiting a white dwarf, which is a similar type of star to a magnetar. These discoveries suggest that planets can form and survive in extreme environments, which is an exciting prospect for future exploration and discovery.

In conclusion, the discovery of three terrestrial-sized planets near a magnetar is a significant achievement in the field of astronomy. It adds to the growing body of evidence that suggests that planets can form and survive in a variety of environments. The discovery opens up new avenues for exploration and study of planets beyond our solar system.

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False. The duration of shaking is a significant factor in the damages suffered and lives lost during seismic events.

The duration of shaking during an earthquake is an important factor in determining the extent of damages and the potential impact on human lives. While the magnitude of an earthquake measures the energy released, the duration of shaking affects the level of destruction and the ability of structures to withstand the seismic forces.

Longer durations of shaking can lead to increased damage as it exposes structures and infrastructure to prolonged stress, causing greater structural fatigue and potential failure. Buildings, bridges, and other critical infrastructure may experience progressive damage or collapse if subjected to extended periods of shaking.

Furthermore, the duration of shaking impacts the vulnerability of individuals to injury or loss of life. Prolonged shaking increases the likelihood of people being exposed to falling objects, collapsing structures, or being trapped in hazardous situations.

Therefore, it is incorrect to claim that the duration of shaking is not a significant factor in the damages suffered and lives lost during seismic events.

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