A surplus in a market occurs when the quantity of a good or service supplied exceeds the quantity demanded at a certain price level. In this scenario, there is an excess supply of the product, and it can lead to various outcomes. One of the possible results is a decrease in the price of the product since producers may lower their prices to attract buyers.
Another outcome is a decrease in the production of the product as producers try to reduce their supply in response to the low demand. A third possible result is an increase in the inventory of the product, which may lead to higher storage costs for producers.
However, an increase in the demand for the product is not a likely result of a surplus in the market. Since the surplus implies that there is a higher supply than demand, it is unlikely that demand will suddenly increase unless there is a change in the market conditions. Therefore, an increase in demand cannot be considered a typical result of a surplus in a market.
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the ________ is a comparison of the wealth in the top and bottom quintiles of an economy.
The wealth ratio is a comparison of the wealth in the top and bottom quintiles of an economy.
Wealth ratio, also known as wealth disparity, is the ratio of the net wealth of the richest group of individuals in a given population to the net wealth of the poorest group of individuals in that population. It is usually expressed as a percentage and provides a measure of how income and wealth are distributed throughout society. In general, the wealth ratio is higher in developed countries than in developing ones, and this disparity has been increasing over time. According to a report published by the World Economic Forum, the wealth ratio in the United States, for example, has risen from 12:1 in 1963 to 24:1 in 2018. This means that the top 1% of earners in the US now owns as much wealth as the bottom 50% combined. This trend has significant implications for social and economic equality, as it often leads to unequal access to education, healthcare, and other essential services, as well as limited opportunities for upward social mobility.
In conclusion, the wealth ratio is a critical indicator of the state of income inequality in an economy, and addressing it should be a top priority for policymakers.
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The GREAT RESIGNATION has its roots before
the Covid-19 pandemic.
a. What are the reasons for the Boomer
Generation (late 50s and 60s years old) to
resign from their jobs? Discuss at least THREE
(3) specific examples.
b. What are the reasons for the Millennials (20s
years old) to resign from their jobs? Discuss at
least THREE (3) specific examples.
c. As a manager, what policies would you
propose to improve employee retention among
these different groups? Discuss at least
THREE (3) specific examples.
a. The reasons for the Boomer Generation (late 50s and 60s years old) to resign from their jobs can include: Retirement, Work-Life Balance and Career Transition.
b. The reasons for Millennials (20s years old) to resign from their jobs can include:
Lack of Growth Opportunities, Work-Life Balance and Flexibility and Purpose and Alignment.
c. As a manager, to improve employee retention among these different groups, you could propose the following policies: Flexible Work Arrangements, Professional Development Programs and Recognition and Rewards.
a. The reasons for the Boomer Generation (late 50s and 60s years old) to resign from their jobs can include:
1. Retirement: Many individuals from the Boomer Generation choose to resign from their jobs due to reaching retirement age. After decades of work, they may decide it's time to enjoy their golden years and pursue other interests or spend more time with family.
2. Work-Life Balance: As individuals near the end of their careers, they may prioritize work-life balance and opt to resign in order to have more time for personal activities, hobbies, or travel. They may feel the need to reduce work-related stress and focus on their well-being.
3. Career Transition: Some Boomers may resign from their current jobs to explore new career paths or start their own businesses. They may have accumulated sufficient experience and resources to embark on ventures that align more closely with their personal passions or goals.
b. The reasons for Millennials (20s years old) to resign from their jobs can include:
1. Lack of Growth Opportunities: Millennials often seek continuous learning and growth in their careers. If they feel that their current job does not offer adequate opportunities for advancement, skill development, or upward mobility, they may choose to resign and explore positions that align better with their long-term goals.
2. Work-Life Balance and Flexibility: Millennials highly value work-life balance and flexibility. They may resign from jobs that do not offer remote work options, flexible schedules, or a supportive work environment that allows them to maintain a healthy work-life integration.
3. Purpose and Alignment: Millennials often seek work that aligns with their values and allows them to make a positive impact. If they feel disconnected from the mission or values of their current organization, they may choose to resign and find opportunities that offer a stronger sense of purpose and alignment with their beliefs.
c. As a manager, to improve employee retention among these different groups, you could propose the following policies:
1. Professional Development Programs: Implement structured professional development programs that provide learning and growth opportunities for both Boomers and Millennials. This could include training, mentoring, and career path planning to ensure that employees feel valued and have avenues for advancement within the organization.
2. Flexible Work Arrangements: Offer flexible work arrangements, such as remote work options or flexible schedules, to accommodate the work-life balance preferences of both generations. This can help retain Millennials who value flexibility and also provide options for Boomers seeking a more balanced approach to work.
3. Recognition and Rewards: Establish a culture of recognition and rewards that acknowledges the contributions and achievements of employees from both generations. This can be done through formal recognition programs, performance-based bonuses, or regular appreciation and feedback sessions. Recognizing and valuing the diverse skills and experiences of both generations can foster a positive work environment and enhance employee retention.
It's important to note that these are general examples, and individual preferences and circumstances may vary within each generation. Tailoring policies and approaches to address the specific needs and motivations of employees is crucial for effective employee retention.
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when it comes to learning from failure in the innovation process, pixar president ed catmull said,
Ed Catmull, president of Pixar, stated when it comes to learning from failure in the innovation process, "Mistakes are an inevitable part of innovation.
There's no development without failure."Therefore, to grow and improve, it is necessary to make mistakes in the innovation process. Mistakes are beneficial in learning, and they provide a stepping stone for success. By reflecting on the mistakes, you can understand the reasons for the error and the best ways to avoid it in the future. Ed Catmull advises that the key is to accept failure and learn from it. It is essential to create a safe working environment where individuals are encouraged to share their ideas, express their opinions, and make mistakes. Pixar makes use of various methods to promote this culture of innovation, including employee evaluations, brainstorming, and group collaborations. In conclusion, Ed Catmull emphasizes that failure is a necessary component of the innovation process, and it should be embraced as an opportunity to learn and improve.
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Calculate the elasticity of demand, if the demand function is Q=120-6p + 28 Y, at the point where p 10 and Q 20 The elasticity of demand is ε = -3 . (Enter your response rounded to one decimal place and include a minus sign.) Calculate the elasticity of demand, if the demand function is Q= 10p⁻². The elasticity of demand is ε = ___ . (Enter your response rounded to one decimal place and include a minus sign.)
The elasticity of demand, given the demand function Q = 120 - 6p + 28Y, at the point where p = 10 and Q = 20 is ε = -3.
The elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to changes in price. It is calculated by taking the derivative of the demand function with respect to price (dQ/dp) and multiplying it by the ratio of price to quantity (p/Q).
At the given point, where p = 10 and Q = 20, we can substitute these values into the demand function to find the derivative:
dQ/dp = -6
Then, we can calculate the elasticity of demand:
ε = (dQ/dp) * (p/Q)
= (-6) * (10/20)
= -3
Therefore, the elasticity of demand is -3 at the point where p = 10 and Q = 20.
For the second scenario, given the demand function Q = 10p^(-2), we can calculate the elasticity of demand as follows:
Taking the derivative of the demand function with respect to price:
dQ/dp = -20p^(-3)
Substituting the values into the elasticity formula:
ε = (dQ/dp) * (p/Q)
= (-20p^(-3)) * (p/(10p^(-2)))
= -2p^(-1)
The elasticity of demand is equal to -2p^(-1). The exact value of the elasticity depends on the specific value of p.
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In the context of earned value management, the ____ value is the authorized budget assigned to scheduled work.
A. anticipated
B. planned
C. present
D. future
In the context of earned value management, the planned value is the authorized budget assigned to scheduled work. Option b is correct.
In the context of earned value management, the "planned value" represents the authorized budget assigned to scheduled work. It refers to the estimated cost of the work that was originally planned to be completed within a specific timeframe. The planned value serves as a baseline against which the actual progress and performance of the project are measured.
It indicates the amount of budget that should have been spent on the scheduled work up to a particular point in time. By comparing the planned value with the actual cost and earned value, project managers can assess the project's performance in terms of cost and schedule adherence and make necessary adjustments to keep the project on track. Option b is correct.
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In the 2008 global financial crisis, many investors considered the U.S. economy a safe place to move their assets. a. What is the predicted impact of this inflow of financial capital to the United States on the U.S. interest rate? b. Given the above, what is the likely impact of this inflow on the U.S. nominal exchange rate? c. If relative prices remain fixed, what is the likely impact of this inflow on the real exchange rate in the United States? d. What will be the likely impact of the foregoing on the trade balance in the United States? e. How might your answer to the above question change if you were informed that Purchasing Power Parity does not exist between the United States and other countries?
When investors consider the U.S. economy a safe haven during the 2008 global financial crisis, it leads to an inflow of financial capital. This is likely to have the following impacts:
What are the likely impacts of the inflow of financial capital to the United States during the 2008 global financial crisis?
a. The inflow of financial capital to the United States is expected to decrease the U.S. interest rate. As investors move their assets to the U.S., the increased demand for U.S. financial instruments puts downward pressure on interest rates.
What is the predicted impact of the inflow of financial capital on the U.S. interest rate?
b. The likely impact of the inflow on the U.S. nominal exchange rate is an appreciation. As more capital flows into the U.S., the demand for the U.S. dollar increases, leading to an increase in its value relative to other currencies.
Given the above, what is the likely impact of the inflow on the U.S. nominal exchange rate?
c. If relative prices remain fixed, the inflow of financial capital is likely to appreciate the real exchange rate in the United States. This means that the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar increases, making U.S. goods relatively more expensive compared to foreign goods.
If relative prices remain fixed, what is the likely impact of the inflow on the real exchange rate in the United States?
d. The likely impact of the foregoing on the trade balance in the United States is a decrease. The appreciation of the real exchange rate makes U.S. goods relatively more expensive for foreign buyers, reducing exports. At the same time, imports become relatively cheaper, leading to an increase in imports.
What will be the likely impact of the foregoing on the trade balance in the United States?
e. If Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) does not exist between the United States and other countries, it would affect the assessment. PPP assumes that the exchange rates adjust to equalize the purchasing power of different currencies. If PPP does not hold, it implies that exchange rates do not accurately reflect the relative prices and thus can impact the trade balance differently. In this case, the impact on the trade balance may deviate from the predictions based on PPP assumptions.
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as occupancy decreases, hotel managers should generally expect:____
As occupancy decreases, hotel managers should generally expect a decrease in revenue and profitability.
When the occupancy of a hotel decreases, it means that fewer rooms are being booked and utilized by guests. As a result, the hotel's revenue generated from room bookings and other services will decrease. With fewer guests, there will be fewer sources of income, such as room rates, food and beverage sales, and other amenities provided by the hotel. This reduction in revenue can have a direct impact on the hotel's profitability and financial performance.
A decrease in occupancy also affects the hotel's operational costs. The hotel still needs to maintain its facilities, pay staff wages, and cover other fixed expenses, regardless of the number of guests staying.
In response to declining occupancy, hotel managers may need to implement strategies to attract more guests, such as adjusting room rates, offering promotional packages, or implementing marketing campaigns. They may also need to closely manage expenses and find ways to optimize operational efficiency to mitigate the impact of decreased occupancy on the hotel's financial performance.
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Masters Corporation provided their production budget for the next quarter: April May June 130,000 150,000 142,000 Units to be produced 30,000 28,400 31,600 Desired Finished Goods Inventory How many units is the company expecting to sell in the month of May? 151,600 148,400 178,400 138,800
The company is expecting to sell 148,400 units in the month of May.
To determine the number of units the company is expecting to sell in May, we need to consider the production budget and the desired finished goods inventory. The production budget states that 150,000 units are to be produced in May. However, this only represents the units to be produced, not the units to be sold. To calculate the units expected to be sold, we need to consider the desired finished goods inventory. Assuming the desired finished goods inventory is zero, the number of units expected to be sold would be the production budget for May minus the units added to inventory. Therefore, the calculation would be:
Units expected to be sold = Units produced - Desired finished goods inventory
= 150,000 - 1,600 (30,000 - 28,400)
= 148,400
Therefore, the company is expecting to sell 148,400 units in the month of May.
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Define, describe, and give examples of four ways you can spark the imagination of a reader in a sales letter. In the role of a claims supervisor, write a negative adjustment letter to a customer who complains that your company’s plant food killed his houseplants. Make an effort to maintain goodwill.
Four ways to spark the imagination of a reader in a sales letter are:
Vivid Language and Descriptive Imagery: Use powerful and descriptive language to paint a vivid picture in the reader's mind. Describe the benefits, features, or outcomes of your product or service in a way that engages the reader's imagination. For example, instead of simply saying a car is fuel-efficient, you could describe it as "gliding effortlessly through winding roads, leaving a trail of shimmering sunlight in its wake."
Storytelling: Incorporate storytelling techniques to captivate the reader's imagination. Share relatable and compelling narratives that highlight the positive impact of your product or service. For instance, you could narrate how a customer's life was transformed after using your fitness equipment, emphasizing the physical and emotional benefits they experienced.
Use of Metaphors and Analogies: Employ metaphors or analogies to create connections and associations that resonate with the reader. Compare your product or service to something familiar or symbolic to make it more relatable. For example, you could describe your software as a "digital Swiss Army knife," highlighting its versatility and usefulness in various situations.
Engaging Questions: Pose thought-provoking questions that stimulate the reader's imagination and curiosity. Ask questions that encourage them to envision how your product or service could improve their lives. For instance, you could ask, "Imagine waking up every morning feeling energized and ready to conquer the day. How would it feel to have boundless energy at your fingertips?"
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Why do bars offer free peanuts? Suppose Nike’s managers were
considering expanding into producing sports beverages. Why might
the company decide to do this under the Nike brand name?
Bars often offer free peanuts as a form of a complementary good or marketing strategy. There are several reasons behind this practice.
Firstly, peanuts are inexpensive and easily accessible, making them a cost-effective way for bars to provide a snack to their customers. By offering free peanuts, bars create a positive atmosphere and encourage customers to stay longer, potentially leading to increased alcohol sales.
In the case of Nike considering expanding into producing sports beverages, leveraging the Nike brand name can provide several advantages. Nike is a well-established and recognized brand in the sports industry, primarily known for its athletic footwear and apparel.
By extending the brand to sports beverages, Nike can capitalize on its brand reputation, credibility, and existing customer loyalty. The Nike brand carries associations of performance, quality, and fitness, which can attract consumers who are already familiar with and trust the Nike brand. This can give Nike a competitive edge in the sports beverage market and facilitate brand recognition and acceptance among consumers.
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(a)An econometrician suspects that the residuals of her model might be autocorrelated. Explain the steps involved in testing this theory using the Durbin - Watson (DW) test.
(b) The econometrician follows your guidance (!!!) in part (b) and calculates a value for the Durbin - Watson statistic of 0.95. The regression has sixty quarterly observations and three explanatory variables (plus a constant term). Perform the test. What is your conclusion?
(a)An econometrician can test the hypothesis that the residuals of her model might be autocorrelated by following the steps given below using the Durbin - Watson (DW) test.
The test is based on the first-order autocorrelation coefficient, ρ1, and the null hypothesis is that ρ1 = 0 (no serial correlation) and the alternative hypothesis is that ρ1 ≠ 0 (serial correlation exists). The steps are as follows: Step 1: Estimate the regression model and obtain the residuals. Step 2: Compute the Durbin–Watson (DW) test statistic using the formula:DW =∑_(i=2)^n e_i-e_(i-1)^2/∑_(i=1)^n e_i^2 where ei is the ith residual.Step 3: Look up the critical values of DW from the Durbin–Watson table based on the number of observations and the number of independent variables. The values of DW range between 0 and 4. Values of DW closer to 0 indicate positive serial correlation, while values closer to 4 indicate negative serial correlation. Values of DW around 2 suggest no serial correlation. Step 4: If the calculated value of DW is less than the lower critical value, then there is evidence of positive serial correlation, and if the calculated value of DW is greater than the upper critical value, then there is evidence of negative serial correlation. If the calculated value of DW falls between the two critical values, there is no evidence of serial correlation. (b)The critical values for a 5% significance level with 60 observations and 3 independent variables are: Lower critical value = 1.243 Upper critical value = 1.622DW = 0.95, which is less than the lower critical value. Therefore, there is evidence of positive serial correlation. Thus, we reject the null hypothesis that there is no serial correlation. So, we can say that there is a problem with the econometrician's model as it violates the assumption of no autocorrelation.
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Part 1 Question B: "Interest Rates" Suggested time 20 minutes. 10 Pts
. Reportable Standard: Directions: Read Stimulus article #2 titled: "Fed hopes biggest rate hike in 22 years tames inflation without recession or stagflation", located in the stimulus package and respond to the question prompt below:
Prompt: "Using your knowledge of the relationship between ‘Interest Rates’ & ‘Inflation’, and with specific references to the article, explain how the United States’ ‘Central Bank’s’ current use of Interest Rates policy can help and hurt consumers, industry, and the larger economy
The United States central bank's use of interest rates can help control inflation but may also hurt consumers by increasing borrowing costs and impact industries by affecting investment decisions.
The United States central bank, the Federal Reserve (Fed), uses interest rates as a tool to manage inflation and stimulate or restrain economic growth. By raising interest rates, the Fed aims to curb inflationary pressures by making borrowing more expensive, reducing consumer spending, and dampening demand. This can help maintain price stability and prevent excessive inflation. However, higher interest rates can also hurt consumers by increasing the cost of borrowing for mortgages, loans, and credit cards. It can lead to reduced consumer spending and potentially impact industries that rely on consumer demand. Additionally, higher borrowing costs may discourage investment and business expansion, affecting the larger economy's growth prospects. The article explores how the Fed's decision to raise interest rates aims to balance these factors and achieve sustainable economic growth.
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Consider an asset that costs $352,000 and is depreciated straight-line to zero over its 7-year tax life. The asset is to be used in a 4-year project; at the end of the project, the asset can be sold for $44,000. If the relevant tax rate is 23 percent, what is the aftertax cash flow from the sale of this asset? Multiple Choice $72,006.00 $65,148.28 $68,577.14 $33,880.00 $297,012.00
The after-tax cash flow from the sale of the asset can be calculated by determining the book value of the asset at the end of the project and applying the relevant tax rate.
To calculate the after-tax cash flow from the sale of the asset, we first need to determine the book value of the asset at the end of the project. Since the asset is depreciated straight-line to zero over its 7-year tax life, the annual depreciation expense is $352,000 / 7 = $50,285.71.
After 4 years, the accumulated depreciation is 4 * $50,285.71 = $201,142.84. Therefore, the book value of the asset at the end of the project is $352,000 - $201,142.84 = $150,857.16. Next, we calculate the gain or loss on the sale of the asset by subtracting the book value from the sale price: $44,000 - $150,857.16 = -$106,857.16.
Since the gain is negative, it represents a loss. To determine the after-tax cash flow from the sale, we apply the relevant tax rate of 23% to the loss: $106,857.16 * 0.23 = $24,567.15. The after-tax cash flow from the sale of the asset is the loss minus the tax amount: -$106,857.16 - $24,567.15 = -$131,424.31.
However, the negative sign indicates a cash outflow. Therefore, the absolute value of the cash outflow is $131,424.31.
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what attributes of healthcare products make price discrimination easy?
The attributes of healthcare products that make price discrimination easy include product differentiation, information asymmetry, and inelastic demand.
Price discrimination in healthcare products is facilitated by certain characteristics, including product differentiation, information asymmetry, and inelastic demand. These attributes enable sellers to charge different prices for the same product based on various factors. Product differentiation allows for market segmentation, targeting different consumer groups with distinct price points.
Information asymmetry arises when consumers lack knowledge or understanding, making it difficult to compare prices effectively. Inelastic demand means consumers are less sensitive to price changes, enabling sellers to set different prices without significant impact on demand. These factors create an environment conducive to price discrimination in healthcare, necessitating regulatory measures to ensure fair access to essential products.
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Dec 23 900 units at 11,5 € per unit Requirement: 1. Calculate the cost of goods sold and the inventory cost as of December 31, 2020, using the LIFO method. 2. Compute the gross profit for December 2
All 900 units were sold, there would be no inventory left on December 31, 2020. Therefore, the inventory cost would be zero.
To calculate the cost of goods sold and inventory cost using the LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) method, assume the inventory flow based on the given information.
Given information:
Date: December 23, 2020
Units: 900
Cost per unit: €11.5
1. Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) on December 31, 2020:
Assuming that all 900 units were sold before December 31, 2020, we can calculate the cost of goods sold using the LIFO method, which means consider the cost of the most recent units purchased as the cost of goods sold.
Cost of Goods Sold = Number of units sold * Cost per unit
Cost of Goods Sold = 900 units * €11.5 per unit
Cost of Goods Sold = €10,350
2. Inventory Cost on December 31, 2020:
To compute the gross profit, we need information on the sales made during December and the cost of goods sold (COGS) for those sales. Again, the requirement does not provide this information, so I will assume the following sales data:
Sales during December: 700 units
Assuming the cost per unit remains the same:
Gross profit = Sales during December - COGS
a. Calculation for COGS:
COGS = Units sold during December × Cost per unit
COGS = 700 × €11.5
COGS = €8,050
b. Calculation for gross profit:
Gross profit = Sales during December - COGS
Gross profit = Sales during December - €8,050
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acquirer wants to estimate its maximum ce at an 8 percent discount rate and a terminal value in year 5 based on the perpetual growth equation with a 4 percen perpetual growth rate. Year 2 3 4 5 Free c
The maximum CE is computed by adding the PV of the expected FCF during the projection period (FY2-FY5) and the PV of the expected terminal value at the end of the projection period.
In order to calculate the maximum CE of the acquirer, the following steps can be used: Step 1: Calculate the Free Cash Flows (FCFs) for FY2 to FY5. (Note: FY1 is the current year and is not included in the calculation)Year 2 3 4 5Free c $2,500 $2,750 $3,025 $3,328(These figures are assumed for calculation purposes.)Step 2: Calculate the Terminal Value (TV) at the end of the projection period using the Perpetual Growth Rate formula. TV = FCFFn+1 / (r - g)Where, FCFFn+1 = Free Cash Flow in the next year = FY6= $3,328 x (1 + g) = $3,457.12r = Discount rate = 8%g = Perpetual growth rate = 4%Therefore, TV = $3,457.12 / (0.08 - 0.04) = $86,428Step 3: Calculate the Present Value (PV) of the FCFs and the TV using the discount rate of 8%.PV of FCF2 = $2,500 / (1 + 0.08)² = $2,137.56PV of FCF3 = $2,750 / (1 + 0.08)³ = $2,216.86PV of FCF4 = $3,025 / (1 + 0.08)⁴ = $2,307.91PV of FCF5 = $3,328 / (1 + 0.08)⁵ = $2,394.22PV of TV = $86,428 / (1 + 0.08)⁵ = $54,410.03Step 4: Calculate the Maximum CE by adding the PV of the FCFs and the PV of the TV. Maximum CE = PV of FCF2 + PV of FCF3 + PV of FCF4 + PV of FCF5 + PV of TV= $2,137.56 + $2,216.86 + $2,307.91 + $2,394.22 + $54,410.03= $63,466.58Therefore, the maximum CE of the acquirer is $63,466.58.
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Planning an audit of a financial report requires that an auditor plan their audit to reduce audit risk to an acceptable low level. Audit risk can be defined as
The risk that the auditor does identify the material misstatements
The risk that the auditor expresses an inappropriate opinion at the conclusion of the audit
That fraud exists in the accounts and the client is aware that the fraud exists
That sufficient appropriate evidence cannot be gathered to form an opinion of the truthfulness of the financial statements
The auditor must carefully examine audit risk when planning an audit of a financial report and reduce it to an allowable low level.
The possibility that the auditor would miss major inaccuracies or omissions in the financial statements is referred to as the first component of audit risk. Auditors carry out exhaustive analyses, carry out in-depth testing, and put in place suitable internal controls to reduce this risk. They also evaluate and implement suitable internal controls within the organization to minimize the likelihood of errors or fraud going undetected. These measures aim to reduce the inherent risk and enhance the overall effectiveness of the audit process.
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1. choose any THREE (3) journals/articles "impact of covid 19" title and write an article review.
TASK 2:
1. Choose any ONE research journal on any research topic and summarize that research paper.
2. The components of the article review are as follow:
a. Background of the study
b. Problem statement
c. Research objectives & Conceptual framework
d. Research methodology
e. Results
The review highlights the significant impact of COVID-19 on mental health, emphasizing the need for comprehensive interventions and support systems.
Article Review?
Title: "Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health: A Comprehensive Review"
a. Background of the Study:
The article titled "Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health: A Comprehensive Review" addresses the growing concern regarding the psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights the need to understand and evaluate the impact of the pandemic on mental health across different populations.
b. Problem Statement:
The authors recognize that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on individuals' mental well-being worldwide. They aim to explore the various psychological effects of the pandemic, identify vulnerable populations, and provide insights for developing effective interventions and support systems.
c. Research Objectives & Conceptual Framework:
The research objectives of the study are to (1) assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 on different age groups, (2) identify risk factors and protective factors associated with mental health outcomes, and (3) propose a conceptual framework for understanding the pathways through which the pandemic affects mental health.
The conceptual framework includes variables such as social isolation, economic distress, fear and anxiety, disrupted routines, and access to healthcare. These variables interact to influence individuals' mental health outcomes during the pandemic.
d. Research Methodology:
The review utilizes a systematic literature review methodology. Relevant studies published between January 2020 and December 2021 are identified and analyzed. Both quantitative and qualitative studies are included to provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic. Data synthesis techniques, such as thematic analysis, are employed to extract and analyze key findings from the selected studies.
e. Results:
The review findings highlight the substantial negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. It reveals increased levels of anxiety, depression, stress, and post-traumatic symptoms among various populations. Vulnerable groups, such as healthcare workers, older adults, and individuals with pre-existing mental health conditions, are particularly affected.
In conclusion, the article provides valuable insights into the impact of COVID-19 on mental health, identifying vulnerable populations and highlighting potential strategies for intervention and support. The comprehensive review enhances our understanding of the psychological consequences of the pandemic and underscores the importance of prioritizing mental health in public health responses.
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Consider a model with two countries, France and Germany. France exports wine to Germany, and Germany exports beer to France. In each country, the demand for wine is given by the demand curve QP = 100 - PW, where is the quantity demanded and pW is the price of wine. In each country, the demand for beer is given by the same demand curve, i.e., QP = 100 – PB, where QP is the quantity demanded and PB is the price of beer. The supply of wine in France is given by QS = 2P", where QS is the quantity supplied, and the supply of wine in Germany is given by QS = PW. The supply of beer in France is given by QS = PB, and the supply of beer in Germany is given by QS = 2PB. Suppose the government of France imposes a $10 per unit import tax on beer. Find the world price of beer, the domestic price in France, and the tariff revenue collected by the French government under this policy.
World price of beer is $95 , Domestic price in France is $5, Tariff revenue collected by the French government is $1000. As a result, the French government will experience a loss of $1000 due to this policy.
Given demand for wine in France and Germany is QP = 100 - PW, and the demand for beer in both countries is QP = 100 – PB. Supply of wine in France is QS = 2P" and in Germany, it is given by QS = PW. The supply of beer in France is given by QS = PB, and the supply of beer in Germany is given by QS = 2PB.
Now, suppose the French government imposes a $10 per unit import tax on beer.
This will increase the price of beer in France.
Under this policy, the French government will impose a tax of $10 per unit on the import of beer from Germany.
Thus, the new supply curve of beer in France will become QS = PB - 10.
The demand and supply equations are as follows:
Pb + Pw = 100Qp = Qs
Domestic price in France PB = QS = 2PB - 10PB = $5
And the world price of beer is:
Pw = 100 - PbPw = 100 - 5 = $95
The tariff revenue collected by the French government is the product of the tariff per unit and the quantity of beer imported. This gives the following:
Tariff revenue = (Pb - Pw) * Qs = (5 - 95) * 100 = -$1000
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Harley Krane purchased a side-by-side duplex in 2019 for $120,000 (land $20,000, building $100,000). The units were designed previously used for residential use but Harley used them for his business. Both units were used to conduct his law practice; one unit housed a small group of paralegals in his employ, who processed most the real estate transactions for his clients. In 2021, Harley stopped practising real estate law in order to concentrate on family law and terminated the staff positions of all paralegals. He then occupied the freed-up duplex unit as his personal residence, which meant he no longer had to commute. At the end of 2020, the duplex building had an undepreciated capital cost of $94,000. Recently, a duplex of similar size across th street was sold for $150,000. Required: How will Harley's net income for tax purposes for 2021 be affected by the above activity? 2021 CCA calculation $ 2021 opening UCC 94,000 less deemed disposal-1/2 duplex $ (50,000) Interim UCC $ 44,000 less 2021 CCA $ (1,760) $ 2021 ending UCC 42,240 2021 capital gain calculation Deemed disposal Proceeds $ 75,000 less 1/2 duplex Adjusted Cost Base $ (60,000) Capital gain $ 15,000 Taxable capital gain $ 7,500 $ Harley's increase in net income for tax purposes 5,740 Prev 2 of 3 —
The activity described will affect Harley's net income for tax purposes in 2021. Specifically,change in use of duplex from business to personal residence , deemed disposal of half duplex will have tax implications.
Firstly, the change in use of the duplex from business to personal residence will result in a deemed disposition for tax purposes. This means that it is treated as if Harley sold half of the duplex at fair market value. In this case, the deemed proceeds from the disposal are calculated as $75,000, which is half of the sale price of a similar duplex across the street. The adjusted cost base of the disposed portion is $60,000, resulting in a capital gain of $15,000. However, only half of the capital gain is taxable, so the taxable capital gain is $7,500.
Secondly, the termination of the paralegal positions and the personal use of the previously business-occupied unit will impact the capital cost allowance (CCA) calculation. The undepreciated capital cost (UCC) at the beginning of 2021 was $94,000. With the deemed disposal of half the duplex, the interim UCC becomes $44,000. The CCA for 2021 is deducted from the interim UCC, resulting in an ending UCC of $42,240.
Overall, the net income for tax purposes in 2021 will increase by $5,740 due to the deemed disposition and the capital gain arising from the change in use of the duplex and the termination of the paralegal positions. This increase in net income will be subject to taxation according to the applicable tax rates and regulations. It is important for Harley to consider these tax implications and consult with a tax professional to ensure compliance with tax laws and optimize his tax situation.
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5 units of milling machine that costs PHP 470227 each are bought today. They can be used for 14 years and can be sold at PHP 32578 each at the end of their useful life. Lubrications and minor repairs are estimated to be PHP 22882 per unit, annually. Each machine is expected to operate at an average of 2358 hours per year at an average power consumption of 1.6 kW per unit. The effective annual interest rate is 2.5%. Assume that the distribution utility charges PHP 6/kWhr. Using the Captalized cost principle, determine the following. Determine the total PRESENT WORTH of ALL the costs that occur annually (annually recurring cost) in the whole investment (pls use complete decimal places within the solutions)
The annual recurring costs for the milling machines include the cost of lubrications and minor repairs as well as the cost of power consumption. The present worth of all cost is PHP 2,489,083.50.
Cost of Lubrications and Minor Repairs:
The annual cost of lubrications and minor repairs per unit is PHP 22,882. Since there are 5 units, the total annual cost for all machines is:
Annual Cost = PHP 22,882 * 5
= PHP 114,410
To calculate the present worth of this annual cost, we can use the capitalized cost principle. The present worth factor (PWF) can be calculated using the formula:
PWF = (1 - (1 + i)^(-n)) / i
where i is the effective annual interest rate and n is the number of years.
Using i = 0.025 (2.5% as a decimal) and
n = 14, we have:
PWF = (1 - (1 + 0.025)^(-14)) / 0.025 ≈ 10.941
Present Worth of Annual Cost = Annual Cost * PWF
= PHP 114,410 * 10.941
≈ PHP 1,253,010.94
Cost of Power Consumption:
The average power consumption per unit is 1.6 kW, and the machines operate for an average of 2,358 hours per year. The total power consumption per year for all machines is:
Total Power Consumption = 1.6 kW * 5 * 2,358 hours
= 18,864 kWh
The cost of power consumption can be calculated by multiplying the total power consumption by the electricity rate of PHP 6/kWh:
Cost of Power Consumption = Total Power Consumption * Electricity Rate = 18,864 kWh * PHP 6/kWh
= PHP 113,184
To calculate the present worth of this annual cost, we use the same formula as before with the corresponding values.
PWF = (1 - (1 + 0.025)^(-14)) / 0.025
≈ 10.941
Present Worth of Annual Cost = Cost of Power Consumption * PWF
= PHP 113,184 * 10.941 ≈ PHP 1,236,072.56
Total Present Worth:
To find the total present worth of all the annual costs, we sum up the present worth of the lubrications and repairs cost and the power consumption cost:
Total Present Worth = Present Worth of Lubrications and Repairs + Present Worth of Power Consumption
Total Present Worth ≈ PHP 1,253,010.94 + PHP 1,236,072.56
≈ PHP 2,489,083.50
The total present worth of all the costs that occur annually (annually recurring costs) in the whole investment is approximately PHP 2,489,083.50.
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Assume that weekly demand for phones at B&M Office Supplies is normally distributed, with a mean of 2,000 and a standard deviation of 500. it takes two weeks to fill an order placed by the B&M. The store manager orders 10,000 phones when the inventory drops to 6,000; that is, a reorder point is 6,000.
(1) What is the average inventory of B&M? (average inventory = average cycle inventory + average safety inventory)
(2) What is the Cycle Service Level(CSL)? (Hint: Use the normal distribution table attached. Use approximation when using the table.) Note that CSL=Probability(demand during the lead time <= Reoder Point)
Average inventory = 5,000 + 1,160 = 6,160 units. Using the normal distribution table attached, the probability value for z-score 2.83 is 0.9977CSL = 0.9977
(1) Average Inventory of B&M:The average inventory can be calculated as the sum of average cycle inventory and the average safety inventory. Here, the reorder point can be calculated as the sum of average cycle inventory and average safety inventory.So, reorder point = 6,000 unitsAverage demand per week = 2,000 unitsStandard deviation of demand per week = 500 unitsSo, standard deviation of demand in two weeks will be $\sqrt2 * 500$ = 707.1 unitsNow, average cycle inventory = 1/2 * order quantity = 1/2 * 10,000 = 5,000 unitsAverage safety inventory = z-score * standard deviation of demand in two weeks = 1.64 * 707.1 = 1160 unitsReorder point = 6000 unitsTherefore, average inventory = 5,000 + 1,160 = 6,160 units
(2) Cycle Service Level (CSL):Cycle Service Level (CSL) can be calculated by using the below formula:CSL = Probability(demand during the lead time <= Reoder Point)To find out the probability value, first, calculate the Z score.z-score = (Reorder Point - Mean demand during the lead time)/Standard deviation of demand during the lead timeMean demand during the lead time = 2 weeks * 2,000 units per week = 4,000 unitsStandard deviation of demand during the lead time = $\sqrt2 * 500$ = 707.1 unitsz-score = (6,000 - 4,000)/707.1 = 2.83 Using the normal distribution table attached, the probability value for z-score 2.83 is 0.9977CSL = 0.9977
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Player 1 R B Player 2 Player 2 с 10 12 14 9 15 13 20 21 18 20 19 22 Q2. In the beginning of the game, player 1 chooses between "Top" and "Bottom". After observing player 1's choice, player 2 chooses among "Left", "Center", and "Right". At each end point there is one box representing one possible outcome, with the top (bottom) number in the box being player 1 (2)'s payoff. For example, the first box represents the case when player 1 first chooses "Top" and then player 2 chooses "Left", and eventually player 1 gets 10 and player 2 gets 20. | What will be each player's choice in the equilibrium? R
The equilibrium of this game is for Player 1 to choose "Bottom" (B) and Player 2 to choose "Right" (R).
To determine each player's choice in the equilibrium, we need to analyze the game by considering their strategies and payoffs. Let's examine the given game matrix:
P B 9,15,13
C 20,21,18
B 20,19,22
Player 1 has the option to choose either "Top" (T) or "Bottom" (B) as their strategy, while Player 2 can choose among "Left" (L), "Center" (C), or "Right" (R).
To find the equilibrium, we will look for a strategy combination where neither player has an incentive to unilaterally deviate from their chosen strategy.
In this game, we can observe that Player 2 has a dominant strategy. Regardless of Player 1's choice, Player 2 always receives a higher payoff by choosing "Right" (R) compared to the other options. Therefore, Player 2's equilibrium strategy is to choose "Right" (R).
Considering Player 2's strategy, we can now analyze Player 1's optimal choice. When Player 2 selects "Right" (R), Player 1 receives the highest payoff by choosing "Bottom" (B). If Player 1 chooses "Top" (T), they will receive a lower payoff. Hence, Player 1's equilibrium strategy is to choose "Bottom" (B).
In summary, the equilibrium of this game is for Player 1 to choose "Bottom" (B) and Player 2 to choose "Right" (R).
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Looking at the data for Tom and Joe, what specialization pattern will exist if trade is based on comparative advantage?
Tom will specialize in shirts, and Joe will specialize in cakes.
Tom will specialize in both cakes and shirts.
Tom will specialize in cakes, and Joe will specialize in shirts.
Joe will specialize in both cakes and shirts.
Based on the data, the specialization pattern that will exist if trade is based on comparative advantage is: Tom will specialize in shirts, and Joe will specialize in cakes.
Comparative advantage by comparing the opportunity costs of producing different goods. In this case, Tom has a lower opportunity cost of producing shirts compared to cakes (1 shirt requires 2 cakes, while 1 cake requires 4 shirts), indicating that Tom has a comparative advantage in producing shirts. On the other hand, Joe has a lower opportunity cost of producing cakes compared to shirts (1 cake requires 2 shirts, while 1 shirt requires 4 cakes), indicating that Joe has a comparative advantage in producing cakes.
To benefit from trade based on comparative advantage, Tom will specialize in producing shirts, which is his area of comparative advantage. Joe, on the other hand, will specialize in producing cakes, which is his area of comparative advantage. By specializing in their respective areas of comparative advantage and then engaging in trade, both Tom and Joe can increase their overall production and consume a greater variety of goods.
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Instructions KENOO ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES KENOO is a family-owned manufacturer of electrical appliances has grown exponentially over the last few years. However, the company is having difficulty preparing for future growth. The only information system used at KENOO is an antiquated accounting system. The company has one manufacturing plant and three warehouses. The KENOO sales force is national, and KENOO purchases about a third of its parts and materials from a single overseas supplier You have been hired to recommend the information systems KENOO should implement in order to maintain their competitive edge. However, there is not enough money for a full- blown, cross-functional enterprise application, and you will need to limit the first step to a single functional area or constituency. Describe the features of the system you have chosen and explain reasons behind your choice for the above problem? Article Preparation 1. Articles should be between 600 and 1200 words in length. 2. Article files should be provided in Microsoft Word format. 3. Submissions may be formatted in 1.5 or double spacing, preferably in Times New Roman size 12 font. 4. Plagiarism in any form constitutes a serious violation of the principles of scholarship and is not acceptable
The following features would be necessary for the implementation of an accounting system: 1. Real-time data availability, 2. Automated tracking of accounts payable and receivable, 3. Purchase order tracking4. Inventory tracking, 5. Automated accounting journal entries, 6. Automated bank reconciliations, 7. Detailed sales reporting and analysis, 8. Financial analysis reporting, 9. Comprehensive general ledger.
As KENOO Electrical Appliances is experiencing difficulty preparing for future growth and the company is still relying on an antiquated accounting system, the implementation of an upgraded information system is necessary for maintaining a competitive edge. It is necessary to identify the functional area or constituency that would be of greatest benefit from the new information system and focus on that specific area. In this case, upgrading the accounting system should be the priority. The accounting system needs to be integrated with other systems for better communication and collaboration. An integrated system would reduce redundancies, increase efficiency and productivity, and provide accurate real-time financial information. The new system should also be cloud-based for accessibility, ease of maintenance, and data protection. As KENOO purchases a third of its parts and materials from a single overseas supplier, it would be essential to have an integrated supply chain management system to track and monitor the movement of goods, inventory levels, and delivery dates from suppliers. This will ensure KENOO's production schedules are aligned with the delivery of goods.
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Which statement is true? O a. Firms may decide to "do nothing" and simply accept the risk to occur. O b. Firms typically prioritize high impact risks only. O c. Risk mitigation strategies are always c
The true statement among the given options for the firms is "Risk mitigation strategies are always considered."
The statement "Firms may decide to 'do nothing' and simply accept the risk to occur" is incorrect because most firms have policies and strategies in place to mitigate risks. If a risk is identified, it is typically addressed in some way, rather than being ignored. Additionally, the statement "Firms typically prioritize high impact risks only" is incorrect because firms often prioritize risks based on both their likelihood and their potential impact. Finally, the statement "Risk mitigation strategies are always considered" is true. Whenever risks are identified, firms typically consider different strategies to mitigate them, including avoiding the risk, transferring the risk, reducing the risk, or accepting the risk.
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"I offer you one of the following two options:
1- I'll give you $100
2- I'll throw a coin. If it is heads, I'll give you $0, if it is
tails I'll give you $200.
Which one of these two options will"
Which one of these two options will you accept? What does the choice say about your risk preference?
The choice between the two options depends on an individual's risk preference.
If someone prefers a guaranteed outcome and wants to avoid any potential loss, they might choose option 1, where they receive a guaranteed $100. This decision reflects a risk-averse or risk-avoidant preference.
On the other hand, if someone is willing to take on some level of risk in the hopes of gaining a higher reward, they might choose option 2. Although there is a possibility of receiving nothing (if the coin lands on heads), there is also the potential to receive a higher amount of $200 (if the coin lands on tails). This decision reflects a risk-seeking or risk-tolerant preference.
The choice between these options ultimately depends on an individual's risk tolerance, attitude towards uncertainty, and personal circumstances.
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eBook References Required Information Problem 15-3A (Algo) Debt Investments in avallable-for-sale securities; unrealized and realized gains and losses LO P3 [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Stoll Company's long-term available-for-sale portfolio at the start of this year consists of the following. Available-for-Sale Securities Cost Company A bonds Company B notes $ 530,800 159,470 661,900 Fair Value $ 494,000 152,000 647,730 Company C bonds Stoll enters into the following transactions involving its available-for-sale debt securities this year. January 29 Sold one-half of the Company B notes for $78,810. July 6 Purchased Company X bonds for $124,000. November 13 Purchased Company Z notes for $267,100. December 9 Sold all of the Company A bonds for $517,200. Fair values at December 31 are B, $85,000; C, $604,500; X, $119,000; and Z. $279,000. Problem 15-3A (Algo) Part 1 and 2 15 Required information 2. Determine the amount Stoll reports on Its December 31 balance sheet for its long-term Investments in available-for-sale securities. Part 1 of 2 Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required 1 Required 2 Prepare journal entries to record these transactions, including the December 31 adjusting entry to record the fair value adjustment for the long-term investments in available-for-sale securities. View transaction list Journal entry worksheet 5 Record the year-end adjusting entry for the securities portfolio as of December 31. Note: Enter debits before credits. Date General Journal Debit Credit December 31 View general Journal Required 2 > 4 points eBook References Fair value adjustment - AFS Record entry Clear entry < Required 1 15 Required information 2. Determine the amount Stoll reports on Its December 31 balance sheet for its long-term Investments in available-for-sale securities. Part 1 of 2 Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required 1 Required 2 Determine the amount Stoll reports on its December 31 balance sheet for its long-term investments in available-for-sale securities. Fair Value Adjustment Computation - Available-for-Sale Securities December 31 AFS Securities Cost Fair Value Unrealized Amount Gain or Loss? Company B notes S 79,735 $ 661,900 Company C bonds Company X bonds 124,000 Company Z notes 267,100 Total S 1,132,735 $ Loss December 31 Balance in the Fair Value Adjustment account Credit Credit Balance at beginning of year in the Fair Value Adjustment account December 31 required adjustment to the Fair Value Adjustment account Debit < Required 1 4 points eBook References 85,000 604,500 119,000 279,000 1,087,500 $ Required 2 > 45,235 0 0 0 Problem 15-3A (Algo) Part 3 3. What amount of gains or losses on transactions relating to long-term Investments in available-for-sale debt securities does Stoll report on its Income statement for this year? Loss
To understand the amount of gains or losses on transactions relating to long-term investments in available-for-sale debt securities that Stoll Company reports on its income statement for the year, we need to calculate the realized and unrealized gains or losses.
Here are the transactions related to the available-for-sale debt securities:
Sold one-half of the Company B notes for $78,810.
July 6: Purchased Company X bonds for $124,000.
Purchased Company Z notes for $267,100.
Sold all of the Company A bonds for $517,200.
To calculate the gains or losses, we need to compare the cost of the securities with the proceeds from the sales.
Realized Gain or Loss:
Company B notes: Half sold for $78,810, with a cost of $159,470. Realized loss = $159,470 - $78,810 = $80,660.
Unrealized Gain or Loss:
Company A bonds: Sold for $517,200, with a cost of $530,800. Unrealized loss = $530,800 - $517,200 = $13,600.
Now let's calculate the total gains or losses for the year:
Realized Gain or Loss: $80,660
Unrealized Gain or Loss: -$13,600 (negative because it's a loss)
Total Gains or Losses: $80,660 - $13,600 = $67,060 (positive because there is a net gain)
Therefore, Stoll Company reports a total gain of $67,060 on transactions relating to long-term investments in available-for-sale debt securities on its income statement for the year.
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After reading the Case Study 3-1, "San Antonio Firedogs Youth Marketing Initiatives," pg 74- 75, answer the following question (make sure to include vocabulary from the textbook to support your answers): The Firedogs are sold out for every game, so the young people they are attempting to entice to become fans cannot attend an actual Firedogs game. What are ways for the Firedogs Marketing staff to deal with this dilemma? Can you come up with any way, despite a sold-out season, to give young people a game experience? This means you cannot 'set aside tickets.
Live streaming, broadcasting, watch parties, and fan events can provide young people with a game experience despite sold-out games.
What are some strategies for the Firedogs Marketing staff to provide a game experience for young people despite a sold-out season?One way for the Firedogs Marketing staff to deal with the dilemma of sold-out games and still give young people a game experience is by implementing alternative strategies such as live streaming the games online or broadcasting them on television.
This would allow young people to watch the games in real-time from the comfort of their homes or other venues.
Additionally, the marketing staff can organize watch parties or fan events where young people can gather together to watch the games collectively and create a sense of community and excitement.
These initiatives would provide young people with a game experience despite the limitation of not having available tickets.
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: Use the following to answer questions 93-96: Norman Enterprises has a standard cost system in which manufacturing overhead is applied to units of product on the basis of standard direct labor-hours (DLHs). The company has provided the following data concerning its fixed manufacturing overhead costs for last year: Total actual fixed overhead cost incurred ..... $42,000 $6,000 12,500 Fixed overhead cost overapplied....... Number of units produced... Volume variance, unfavorable. Standard labor-hours per unit... $3,600 1.6 DLHS 94. The budgeted fixed overhead cost last year was: A) $41,000 B) $42,000 C) $44,400 D) $51,600 Answer: D Level: Hard LO: 5 95. The budget variance for fixed overhead last year was: A) $9,600 F B) $9,600 U C) $2,400 F D) $2,400
Using this information, we can determine the budgeted fixed overhead cost and the budget variance for fixed overhead. The budgeted fixed overhead cost last year was D) $51,600. The budget variance for fixed overhead last year was B) $9,600 U
To calculate the budgeted fixed overhead cost, we need to subtract the overapplied cost from the total actual fixed overhead cost incurred. From the given data, the overapplied fixed overhead cost is $6,000. Therefore, the budgeted fixed overhead cost is $42,000 - $6,000 = $36,000.
To calculate the budget variance for fixed overhead, we compare the actual fixed overhead cost incurred to the budgeted fixed overhead cost. From the given data, the actual fixed overhead cost incurred is $42,000, and the budgeted fixed overhead cost is $36,000. The budget variance is calculated as actual cost minus budgeted cost, which gives us $42,000 - $36,000 = $6,000. Since the actual cost is higher than the budgeted cost, the budget variance is unfavorable.
Therefore, the answers to the questions are:
The budgeted fixed overhead cost last year was D) $51,600.
The budget variance for fixed overhead last year was B) $9,600 U.
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