Which option below has the correct order of steps to complete a stoichiometric calculation to determine percent yield?

A. Write a balanced equation, determine the limiting reactant, calculate the theoretical yield, calculate the percent yield

B. Write a balanced equation, determine the excess reactant, calculate the theoretical yield, calculate the percent yield

C. Determine the excess reactant, write a balanced equation, calculate the theoretical yield, calculate the percent yield

D. Calculate the percent yield, determine the limiting reactant, write a balanced equation, calculate the theoretical yield

Answer:

Explanation:

A

1. CH4 + 2O2 = CO2 + 2H20                 B.

2. 2CH2H6 + 7O2 = 4CO2 + 6H20      A  

3. C3H8 + 502 = 3CO2 + 4H20            C

To find the appropriate end products, use the following rules

Thus for equation;

1. CH4 + 2O2 = CO2 + 2H20                 B.

2. 2CH2H6 + 2O2 = 4CO2 + 6H20      A  

3. C2H8 + 502 = 2CO2 + 4H20            C  

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Answer:

4560 torr

Explanation:

PV = K

4 x 1.5 = k

k = 6

V = k / p

V = 6 / 1

V = 6

atm to torr = 1 to 760

760 x 6 = 4560

c option is correct answer

Answer:

Ammonia is easily made in the laboratory by heating an ammonium salt, such as ammonium chloride NH4Cl with a strong alkali, such as sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide.

The gas may also be made by warming concentrated ammonium hydroxide.

Explanation:

2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3(g)

The heat that creates this temperature change coming from change in the internal energy of the system as per as first law of thermodynamics.

A law stating that the pressure of a given mass of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume at a constant temperature.

As we know, Boyle's law only works when the gas is kept at a constant temperature

Here,

When volume of gases decreased, it means work done has occurred on the system, so the work done is used for raising internal energy of the gas and the other is released as the thermal energy.

So,

According to 1st law of thermodynamics,

we know  Q =  ΔU + W  i.e, change in internal energy and work done. So this is a reason. Changing temperature occurs.

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Answer:

The answer is B an open system allows energy and mass to move in and out of it

Hope it helps

The force exerted between S and q is ___4 times____ the force exerted between S and p.

Coulomb's law states that , the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two charged bodies is directly proportional to the product of the charges and is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

It is given by

[tex]\rm F = k_e \dfrac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}[/tex]

r is the distance between two bodies

It is given that

Charge q is 1 unit of distance away from the source charge S

Charge p is two times further away from the source charge S

force exerted between S and q

distance between the charges is 1 unit

[tex]\rm F_{qs} = k_e \dfrac{q_q q_s}{1^2}\\\\\rm F_{ps} = k_e \dfrac{q_p q_s}{2^2}\\[/tex]

The force exerted between S and q is _______ the force exerted between S and p.

[tex]\rm F_{qs} = k_e \dfrac{q_q q_s}{1^2} = F_{ps} = k_e \dfrac{q_p q_s}{2^2}\\\\[/tex]

Assuming the charges to be q units

Then

[tex]\rm F_{qs} = k_e \dfrac{q_q q_s}{1^2} = F_{ps} = k_e \dfrac{q_p q_s}{2^2}\\\\\\\\\dfrac {F_{qs}}{F_{ps}} = \dfrac{2^2}{1^2} = 4 \\\\\\{F_{qs}} = 4{F_{ps}}[/tex]

Therefore ,

The force exerted between S and q is ___4 times____ the force exerted between S and p.

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Answer:

OOO

Explanation:

OOOOOO

Answer:

'Gay-Lussac's law is a gas law that states the pressure of a gas varies directly with temperature when mass and volume are kept constant. As the temperature increases, the pressure will also increase.'

Answer:

Gay Lussac’s law says that the pressure created by a gas is proportional to the temperature of the gas when the mass is constant or the same
so, when pressure increases so does the temperature and when pressure decreases so does the temperature

Answer:

0.8797 J/g oC

Explanation:

use mcAT=mcaT

The Arrhenius definition of an acid states that an acid ionizes or dissociates to from hydroxide ions in solution.

The definition of solutions was more given by the traditional scientist in smart solutions, which are natural solutions, like substances that - easy solutions, aqueous like bases.

In this case, Arrhenius definition of an acid states that an acid ionizes or dissociates to from hydroxide ions in solution.

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Answer:

1. Adding hydrogen gas, b. shift to the right
2. Adding a catalyst, c. No effect
3. Decreasing the pressure, a. shift to the left

Explanation:

Hydrogen gas can be rewritten as H2. Whenever you add something to an equilibrium expression, it will shift to whichever side does not have this. So, since the reactant side has 3 moles of H2, adding more H2 to the reaction will shift to the products side, since there is no H2 there.

Adding a catalyst has no effect on equilibrium reactions.

When decreasing the pressure, equilibrium will shift to the side with the greater number of moles of gas. In this case, there are 4 moles of gas on the left, and 2 on the right, so it would shift to the left.

Answer:

0.217 ×2. =9.86×10moles

44

Considering the reaction's stoichiometry and the notion of molarity, 1.167 grams of solid barium sulfate form when 32.0 mL of 0.160 M barium chloride reacts with 70.0 mL of 0.065 M sodium sulfate.

The balanced reaction is:

BaCl₂(aq) + Na₂SO₄(aq) → BaSO₄(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

The reactant that is consumed first in a chemical reaction is the limiting reagent because it stops any more reactions from taking place. The limiting reagent controls how much product is produced during the reaction.

Utilizing the reaction stoichiometry and the estimated number of moles, it is possible to identify the limiting reagent.

According to reaction stoichiometry, which describes the proportions of reagents and products in a chemical reaction, the following numbers of moles of each component are involved in the reaction:

Molarity, on the other hand, refers to how many moles of solute are dissolved in a certain volume.

Molarity is determined by the expression:

[tex]Molarity=\frac{number of moles of solute}{volume}[/tex]

Molarity is expressed in units[tex]\frac{moles}{L}[/tex].

In this case, 32.0 mL= 0.032L (being 1000 mL= 1 L) of barium chloride reacts. So, by definition of molarity, the number of moles that participate in the reaction is calculated as:

[tex]0.160 M=\frac{No. of moles of solute}{0.032L}[/tex]

No of moles of barium chloride(solute) = 0.160M × 0.032L

No of moles of barium chloride(solute) = 0.00512moles

On the other side,70.0mL= 0.070 L of 0.065 M sodium sulfate reacts. So, by definition of molarity, the number of moles that participate in the reaction is calculated as:

[tex]0.065 M =\frac{No of moles of solute}{0.070L}[/tex]

No of moles of Sodium sulfate= 0.065M × 0.070L

No of moles of Sodium sulfate = 0.0045moles

if by stoichiometry 1 mole of barium chloride reacts with 1 mole of sodium sulfate, 0.00512moles of barium sulfate reacts with how many moles of sodium sulfate?

No. of moles of sodium sulfate=

[tex]\frac{ 0.00512moles of barium sulfate * 1 mole of sodium sulfate}{1 mole of barium chloride}[/tex]

amount of moles of sodium sulfate= 0.00512 moles

But 0.00512moles of sodium sulfate are not available, 0.0045moles  moles are available. Since you have fewer moles than you need to react with  0.00512moles of barium chloride, sodium sulfate will be the limiting reagent.

Then, it is possible to determine the number of moles of barium sulfate produced by another rule of three: if by stoichiometry 1 mole of sodium sulfate produces 1 mole of barium sulfate, 0.00512 moles of sodium sulfate produces how many moles of barium sulfate?

[tex]Amt of mole of barium sulfate=\frac{0.00512 moles of sodium sulfate* 1mole of barium sulfate}{1 mole of sodium sulfate}[/tex]

amount of moles of barium sulfate=  0

Being the mass molar of barium sulfate is 233.34 g/mole, the mass-produced of the compound is calculated as:

                              = [tex]\frac{0.00512 moles * 233.34 gm}{1 mole}[/tex]

                              =1.167 gm

Hence, 1.167 gm of solid barium sulfate is formed.

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Answer:

Part 1)  85.3 grams NaCl

Part 2)  8.79 x 10²³ formula units NaCl

Explanation:

(Part 1)

To find the mass of NaCl, you need to multiply the given value (1.46 moles) by the molar mass of NaCl. This measurement is the atomic masses of the elements times each of their quantities combined. In this case, there is only one mole of each element in the molecule. Moles should be located in the denominator of the conversion to allow for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to reflect the given value.

Molar Mass (NaCl): 22.99 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol
Molar Mass (NaCl): 58.44 g/mol

1.46 moles NaCl            58.44 g
---------------------------  x  ----------------  =  85.3 grams NaCl
                                        1 mole

(Part 2)

I do not know which other question the second part is referring to, so I will just use the moles given in the first part. To find the formula units, you need to multiply the given value (1.46 moles NaCl) by Avogadro's Number. This conversion represents the number of formula units found in 1 mole of the sample. The moles should be in the denominator of the conversion to allow for the cancellation of units.

Avogadro's Number:

1 mole = 6.022 x 10²³ formula units

1.46 moles NaCl         6.022 x 10²³ units
------------------------  x  -----------------------------  =  8.79 x 10²³ formula units NaCl
                                          1 mole

Lead will have the highest temperature .

What is Specific Heat ?

Specific Heat is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a 1 gm of substance by 1 degree Celsius.

If heat is added to 25.0g of copper, calcium, aluminum, iron, lead

The missing given specific heat is

Copper, 0.377

Calcium, 0.656

Aluminum, 0.895

Iron, 0.448

Lead, 0.129

Higher specific heat means more temperature required to bring the same amount of change in temperature

Here the temperature change is fixed , The metal with the lowest Specific heat will have the highest temperature.

From the data it can be seen that

Specific Heat of Lead, 0.129

Therefore Lead will have the highest temperature.

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Answer: 50.806 cm is the correct answer.

Explanation: First divide 6104.5 cm^2 by 22.3 cm.

[tex]\frac{6104.5cm^2}{22.3cm} = 273.74 cm[/tex]

*Note: When dividing units, subtract the exponents, and when multiplying units simply add the exponents.

Then continue by subtracting 324.55 cm - 273.74 cm.

This should give you an answer of 50.806 cm.

0.761 mol of [tex]C_7H_{16}[/tex]  would you have if you have 76.36 grams.

A mole is defined as 6.02214076 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex]of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.

Given data:

Mass=76.36 grams

[tex]Moles = \frac{mass}{molar \;mass}[/tex]

[tex]Moles = \frac{76.36 grams}{100.21 g/mol}[/tex]

Moles = 0.761

Hence,  0.761 mol of  [tex]C_7H_{16}[/tex] would you have if you have 76.36 grams.

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The mass in grams of each of the following using dimensional analysis is:

The mass of a substance can be calculated in different ways depending on whether molecules or moles are given.

First, we need to convert atoms/formula units/molecules to moles as follows:

Next, we convert each mole value to mass as follows:

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Answer:

A nonmetal is a chemical element that generally lacks a predominance of metallic properties. Non-metals are mostly found in groups 5, 6 and 7. These non-metals will have 5, 6 or 7 electrons in the outer shell.

The outer shell of a non-metal is, therefore, more than half full of electrons.

Answer:

A real gas will act as an ideal gas under high temperature and at a low pressure.

Real gases are non-ideal gases whose molecules occupy space and have interactions, consequently, they do not adhere to the ideal gas law.

An ideal gas has molecules that occupy negligible space and have no interactions, and which consequently obeys the gas laws exactly.

Explanation:

Answer:

15 seconds x (1 hour/3600 seconds)

Explanation:

By the factor label method. There are 60 seconds in a minute and 60 minutes in an hour.

15 seconds x (1 minute/60 seconds) x (1 hour/60 minutes) = your answer

Soon enough you'll realize that 60x60=3600 and so there are 3600 seconds in 1 hour. Then you will only need 1 conversion ratio;

15 seconds x (1 hour/3600 seconds) = your answer

Answer:

15 / 3600

Explanation:

15 / 3600

The possible action your solution might contain is amongst [tex]Ag^+[/tex], [tex]Pb^{2+}[/tex], or [tex]Ca^{2+}[/tex].

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent.

NaCl: 20 drops of NaCl were used and no precipitate was formed.

No precipitation formed means the [tex]Cl^-[/tex] cation is soluble in water. From your chart, you might see the halide of [tex]Ag^+[/tex] and [tex]Pb^{2+}[/tex] is insoluble in water, which means they should have formed precipitation but you didn't. This means there's less possibility it contains [tex]Ag^+[/tex] or [tex]Pb^{2+}[/tex], so we are left with only [tex]Ca^{2+}[/tex]. Let's confirm it with the rest.

[tex]Na_2SO_4[/tex] : 20 drops of [tex]Na_2SO_4[/tex] were used yellow precipitate was produced.

Even though all other sulfates form precipitation ( Insoluble in water)

[tex]Na_2CO_3[/tex] : 20 drops of sodium carbonate were used and the silver-blue precipitate was produced.

It seems all of their Carbonate is insoluble in nature. ( which is our case too ).

From the above result, only the reaction with NaCl was deemed to be decisive and it indeed contains [tex]Ca^{2+}[/tex] ions. Means you are correct.

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Answer:

[tex]\textsf {A}[/tex]

Explanation:

[tex]\textsf {The effect of a catalyst on the energy of a reaction system }\\\textbf {is that it reduces the activation energy.}[/tex]

Answer:

it reduces the activation energy (option A)

Explanation:

we know that a catalyst reduces the activation energy because it speeds up a reaction (that is what a catalyst is--a substance that speeds up a reaction [whilst leaving it unchanged chemically]. )

So, if a catalyst is speeding up the time it takes for a reaction to occur, it is logically lowering the minimum energy that is needed for the reaction to occur.

This can best be expressed in option A, because it lowers the activation energy

Hence,  If the concentration of Acetic acid in vinegar is more than 7%, the limiting reactant is baking soda. If the concentration of Acetic acid in vinegar is less than 7%, the limiting reactant is vinegar.

The limiting reactant (or limiting reagent) is the reactant that gets consumed first in a chemical reaction and therefore limits how much product can be formed.

To solve this problem, it is necessary to know the exact concentration of acetic acid in vinegar, because manufacturers produce many types of vinegar the with different concentrations. Most often, concentration of acetic acid in vinegar ranges from 4% to 8%. In this case, it is possible

to calculate the concentration of vinegar making the assumption that 250 ml of vinegar reacts completely with 24 grams of baking soda.

Acetic acid [tex]CH_3CO_2H[/tex]  reacts with baking soda [tex]NaHCO_3[/tex] according to the equation:

[tex]CH_3CO_2H + NaHCO_3[/tex] → [tex]CH_3CO_2Na + CO_2 + H_2O[/tex]

1. Molar mass of [tex]NaHCO_3[/tex] is 23+1+12+16×3 = 84 g/mol

= [tex]\frac{1 mol \;NaHCO_3}{84 g \;NaHCO_3}[/tex]

= [tex]\frac{24 g \;NaHCO_3 X 1 mol \;NaHCO_3}{84 g \;NaHCO_3}[/tex]

=0.29 mol [tex]NaHCO_3[/tex]

2. From the balanced equation we see that 1 mole of [tex]NaHCO_3[/tex] reacts with 1 mole of [tex]CH_3CO_2H[/tex] , then 0.29 moles of [tex]NaHCO_3[/tex] react with 0.29 moles of [tex]CH_3CO_2H[/tex].

3. Mass of 1 mole of [tex]CH_3CO_2H[/tex] is 12+ 1×3+12+16×2=60 g/mol

= [tex]\frac{0.29 mol \;CH_3CO_2H X \;60 g \;CH_3CO_2H }{1 mol \;CH_3CO_2H}[/tex]

[tex]=17.4 g CH_3CO_2H[/tex]

4. In this step density of vinegar is needed.

Making the assumption that concentration of acetic acid is 7%, we can calculate the mass of acetic acid in 250 ml of vinegar:

Mass of vinegar=Volume × density

= 250 ml ×1.0084 g/ml

=252 g

Mass of acetic acid = mass of vinegar × concentration ÷ 100%

= 252 g × 7% ÷ 100%

= 17.6 g.

17.6 g [tex]CH_3CO_2H[/tex] is very close to 17.4 g [tex]CH_3CO_2H[/tex]. It means, that 250 ml of vinegar with a concentration of acetic acid equal to 7% reacts completely with 24 g of baking soda.

Hence,  If the concentration of Acetic acid in vinegar is more than 7%, the limiting reactant is baking soda. If the concentration of Acetic acid in vinegar is less than 7%, the limiting reactant is vinegar.

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Answer:

A and B

Explanation:

A is crust

B is mantle

The combustion of lauric acid is shown as CH3(CH2)10COOH(s) + 18O2(g) -----> 12H20(l) + 12CO2(g)

In a combustion reaction, a substance is burnt in oxygen. If the substance is an organic compound a the case is here, the products are carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

No the equation of the combustion of lauric acid is shown as;

CH3(CH2)10COOH(s) + 18O2(g) -----> 12H20(l) + 12CO2(g)

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Answer: The reaction requires breaking one O=O bond and two H-H bonds, and then forming four O-H bonds.

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