Answer:
Therefore, the partial pressure of oxygen at high altitudes is less than at sea level.
Explanation:
The deep ocean thus has higher oxygen because rates of oxygen consumption are low compared with the supply of cold, oxygen-rich deep waters from polar regions. In the surface layers, oxygen is supplied by exchange with the atmosphere.
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1
a
C
Copper(II) nitrate decomposes on heating. The reaction is endothermic.
2Cu(NO),(s) → 2CuO(s) + 4NO2(g) + 0,(9)
Sketch a reaction pathway diagram for this reaction to include the
activation energy
[3]
b Draw an energy cycle to calculate the standard enthalpy change for
this reaction, using enthalpy changes of formation.
[3]
Calculate the enthalpy change for this reaction using the following
enthalpy changes of formation.
AH, [Cu(NO, ),(s)] = -302.9 kJ mol-'
AH, [CuO(s)] =-157.3 kJ mol-!
AH [NO,(g)] = +33.2 kJ mol-!
[3]
d Copper(II) sulfate is soluble in water. A student dissolved 25.0 g of
copper(II) sulfate in 100 cm of water in a polystyrene beaker stirring
all the time. The temperature of the water fell by 2.9 °C.
i Calculate the enthalpy change of solution of copper(II) sulfate.
(specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 Jg1 °C ; relative
molecular mass of copper(II) sulfate = 249.7 g mol-')
[3]
ii Suggest one source of error in this experiment and explain how
the error affects the results.
[2]
[Total: 14]
This problem provides information about the decomposition of copper(II) nitrate to copper(II) oxide and dinitrogen monoxide; for example, it is endothermic, the enthalpies of formation and the chemical reaction, as well as copper (II) sulfate which when dissolved in water, exhibits a temperature decrease:
[tex]2Cu(NO_3)_2(s) \rightarrow 2CuO(s) + 4NO_2(g) + O_2(g)[/tex]
First of all, we can draw the reaction pathway as shown on the attached figure, by taking into account the positive enthalpy change as it is endothermic, so that the products turn out with higher energy than the reactants, for it to be positive. In addition, keep in mind that top point is the activation energy the reaction needs to take place.
Next, we calculate the enthalpy change for this reaction by using the general formula which subtracts the enthalpy of formation of products and reactants with each species' correct stoichiometric coefficient:
[tex]\Delta H=2\Delta _fH_{CuO}+4\Delta _fH_{NO_2}+\Delta _fH_{O_2}-2\Delta _fH_{Cu(NO_3)_2}[/tex]
So we plug in the given enthalpies of formation:
[tex]\Delta H=2(-157.3)+4(33.2)+(0)-2(-302.9)=424.0 kJ/mol[/tex]
Finally, we go over the calorimetry experiment, whereby the total heat absorbed by the copper(II) sulfate is calculated via the general heat equation, which includes the heat loss from the solution of water and the salt:
[tex]Q_{rxn}=-mC_w\Delta T\\\\Q_{rxn}=-(100+25)g*4.18\frac{J}{g\°C}*-2.9\°C=1515.25J[/tex]
By dividing the previous answer by the moles of salt:
[tex]n=25.0g*\frac{1mol}{249.7g}=0.100mol[/tex]
We can obtain the enthalpy change of solution of the copper salt:
[tex]\Delta _{dissolution}H=\frac{1,515.25J}{0.100mol} \\\\\Delta _{dissolution}H=15,134J/mol=15.1kJ/mol[/tex]
To conclude, it is important to note that one possible source of error is we are assuming the solution has the same specific heat to that of water and that is not necessarily true. Also, we are neglecting any heat transfer to and from the surroundings despite the polystyrene beaker is considered a heat isolator, which means the results cannot necesarilly be accurate and the enthalpy change could have turned out higher or lower in a rigoruous experiment.
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Assume you are performing the calibration step of Experiment 8 and you begin with 80 g of water at 20 oC and 80 g of water at 80 oC. After adding the two portions of water into your calorimeter setup and following the procedure outlined in the experiment, you determine the temperature of the mixed portions of water to be 45 oC. What is the heat capacity of the calorimeter?
Assume room temperature is 25 oC.
Answer:
Reaction time tests can be used to assess an individual's hand-eye coordination. One test involves catching a 1 metre ruler and measuring the distance, d in metres, that the ruler travelled before being caught. The reaction time t seconds is then calculated using the formula: = √2d/9.8
How to determine intermolecular forces.
Answer:
Incase you have H and F and another H and F
Which of the following are required for plants to carry out photosynthesis?
Answer:
To perform photosynthesis, plants need three things: carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight
I need the answer of these questions
Answer:
36. B, LATTICE
35. A, COVALENT
38. B, TRIPLE COVALENT
Explanation:
36: Lattice- Sodium chloride is taken as a typical ionic compound.
35. covalent - the interatomic linkage that results from the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms. The binding arises from the electrostatic attraction of their nuclei for the same electrons.
38. TRIPLE COVALENT- because each nitrogen atom needs three electrons to fill its outermost shell.
-----
I hope it help
Mix nails with stones. How could you quickly separate the nails from the stones?
Explanation:
Mix cold water and flour in a jar. Stir very well. After a few minutes, you can see sediments
at the bottom of the jar. How could you separate the sediments from the water?
3. After the members of the family ate different kinds of fruits, you gathered the seeds. You
mixed them in a basin. Later on, your mother instructed you to separate each kind of seed.
How will you separate each kind of seed?
4. Mix sand and water in a basin. After five minutes, try to separate the sand from the water.
How will you do this?
5. Dissolve one teaspoon of sugar in a cup of water (mixture of solid and liquid.) After three
minutes, separate the sugar from the water. How will you do it?
SANA PO MASAGOTAN NYU NG TAMA
what is the main use of charcol
Answer:
Charcoal is produced by the incomplete combustion of plant or animal products. The major use of charcoal is for outdoor cooking. The second largest use of charcoal is in industrial applications in the form of activated charcoal. The activation process involves heating the charcoal subjecting it to steam or treating with a chemical to both remove substances that have adhered to it as well as break it down into finer particles and thus increase the surface area. Activated carbon has been used for its adsorptive properties as a ‘universal antidote’ in cases of poisonings, as a filter aid agent, and in decolorization processes.
Select the correct answer.
Galileo's pendulum theory stated that the time taken to swing through one complete cycle of a pendulum depends on what?
O A. the mass tied to it
OB
the amplitude of the swing
OC. the length of the string
D the velocity of the pendulum
E.
the volume of the mass tied
Answer:
C. the length of the string
Explanation:
Answer:
C. the length of the string
Explanation:
Briefly explain the importance of ATP and its role in a cell.
Answer:
n energy-carrying molecule found in all living things' cells. ATP absorbs chemical energy from the breakdown of food molecules and uses it to power other cellular processes.
Explanation:
Hope it helps
ATP is a crucial energy molecule in cells, providing energy for various cellular processes.
ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is often referred to as the "energy currency" of the cell. It plays a vital role in cellular metabolism by providing energy for various processes. ATP is composed of adenosine and three phosphate groups. The energy stored in ATP is released when the terminal phosphate group is hydrolyzed, forming ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
The role of ATP in a cell is multifaceted. Firstly, ATP powers cellular work by providing the energy needed for chemical reactions, such as biosynthesis, active transport, and muscle contraction. It acts as an immediate source of energy that can be rapidly used by the cell.
Secondly, ATP participates in signal transduction and cellular communication. It can be hydrolyzed to ADP and Pi, releasing energy that can activate signaling molecules and enzymes involved in cell signaling pathways.
Furthermore, ATP is involved in maintaining cell homeostasis. It provides energy for processes like ion pumps that maintain the electrochemical gradients across the cell membrane, allowing cells to regulate their internal environment.
Overall, ATP is crucial for the functioning of cells as it serves as an energy carrier, facilitating energy transfer and powering various cellular processes essential for growth, metabolism, and cell survival.
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why do alkaline Solutions feel slippery when damp Between Two Fingers
Answer:
because they are saturated
Explain how magnesium is produced at the negative electrode in experiment 1.
The liquified (/molten) MgCl₂ dissociates into Mg²⁺ and Cl⁻ ions;
The Cl⁻ ions are drawn to the positive electrode (which has a deficit of electrons) where they deposit electrons since they are negatively charged;
This yields Cl atoms (these will form Cl₂ gas by covalent bonding and bubbles will be seen as this gas rises out of the liquid and it will enter the air);
These electrons will flow from the positive electrode to the negative electrode;
The Mg²⁺ ions, conversely, will be drawn to the negative electrode or cathode (which has a surplus of electrons partly from those the Cl⁻ ions lose) where they pick up electrons since they have a positive charge;
This yields pure magnesium.
The magnesium has been produced with the application of electric current for the production of ions that accumulate at the electrodes.
The setup has been for the electrochemical process. The sample in the molten state has been applied with the electric current. The current results in the dissociation of the sample into ionic constituents.
The opposite charge attracts negative charge. Thus, the negative ion moves towards the positive electrode, and negative ion move towards the positive electrode. The accumulation of ions has been obtained from the electrodes.
The magnesium chloride under the influence of electric field has been converted into the positive Mg ions and negative Cl ions. The positive Mg ion will move towards the negative electrode, and thus Mg has been produced.
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2. Choose the atom from each of the following pairs with the greater ionization energy: a. Be and Ba b. Al and Ar c. Ca and Cl
Considering the definition of ionization energy, the highest ionization energy belongs to the element:
a. Be
b. Ar
c. Cl
Electrons are held in atoms by their attraction to the nucleus, which means that energy is needed to remove an electron from the atom.
You should keep in mind that the electrons of the last layer are always lost, because they are the weakest attracted to the nucleus.
Ionization energy, also called ionization potential, is the necessary energy that must be supplied to a neutral, gaseous, ground-state atom to remove an electron from an atom. When an electron is removed from a neutral atom, a cation with a charge equal to +1 is formed.
In a group, the ionization energy increases upwards because when passing from one element to the bottom, it contains one more layer of electrons. Therefore, the valence layer electrons, being further away from the nucleus, will be less attracted to it and it will cost less energy to pluck them.
In the same period, in general, it increases as you shift to the right. This is because the elements in this way have a tendency to gain electrons and therefore it will cost much more to tear them off than those on the left which, having few electrons in the last layer will cost them much less to lose them.
Considering all the above, from each of the pairs, the highest ionization energy belongs to the element:
a. Be
b. Ar
c. Cl
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brainly.com/question/16243729?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/11623163?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/1602374?referrer=searchResultsThe flow of current is always in what direction
Answer:
The direction of an electric current is by convention the direction in which a positive charge would move. Thus, the current in the external circuit is directed away from the positive terminal and toward the negative terminal of the battery.
Explanation:
Answer:
Electrons always flow in opposite directions. The direction of an electric current is by convention the direction in which a positive charge would move. Electric current flows from higher electric potential to lower electric potential.
Explanation:
If you have a 100g of Boron and you want to find out how
many molecules of Boron you have, you would need to...
Answer:
5.57 x 10^24 atoms
Explanation:
first, you are seeking the number of ATOMS of Boron.
Boron has an Atomic mass of 10.8 g/mol (see #5 on the periodic table)
100 gm of Boron would have 100 g /10.8 g/mol =9.26 moles
each mole has Avogadros number of atoms 6.02 x 10^23
9.26 moles has 9.26 x 6.02 x 10^23 atoms =5.57 x 10^24 atoms
When a gas is collected over water, the partial pressure of water must be subtracted from the total pressure. If the total pressure was 761 mmHg and the pressure for water is 17.2 torr, what is the pressure due to the gas collected
Answer is: the partial pressure of the hydrogen 500 mmHg.
p(total) = 523.8 mmHg.
p(water) = 23.8 mmHg.
p(total) = m(water) + p(hydrogen).
p(hydrogen) = p(total) - p(water)..
p(hydrogen) = 523.8 mmHg - 23.8 mmHg.
p(hydrogen) = 500 mmHg.
mmHg or millimeter of mercury is a manometric unit of pressure.
Will tin reduce iron?
Answer: The iron equilibrium is the more positive, and so will go in the forward direction. The tin equilibrium is less positive (more negative), and will be driven backwards. So the tin(II) ions will reduce iron(III) ions to iron(II) ions. In the process, of course, the tin(II) ions will be oxidised to tin(IV) ions.
Explanation:
Filling Air Bags Automobile air bags produce nitrogen gas from the reaction:
a. If 2.25 g of NaN3 reacts to fill an air bag, how much P–V work will the N2 do against an external pressure of 1.00 atm given that the density of nitrogen is 1.165 g/L at 20°C?
b. If the process releases 2.34 kJ of heat, what is ∆E for the system?
(a) The work done by the nitrogen against external pressure is 126.66 J.
(b) The change in the internal energy of the system is -2,466.66 J.
The given parameters:
Mass of the compound, = 2.25 gExternal pressure, P = 1.0 atm = 101325 PaDensity of Nitrogen gas, ρ = 1.165 g/LTemperature of the Nitrogen gas, T = 20⁰CThe molar mass of the given compound is calculated as follows;
NaN₃ = 23+ (14 x 3) = 65 g/mol
65 g -------------- 42
2.25 g ------------- ?
[tex]= \frac{2.25 \times 42}{65} \\\\= 1.45 \ g[/tex]
The volume of the nitrogen gas is calculated as follows;
[tex]\rho = \frac{m}{V} \\\\V = \frac{m}{\rho} \\\\V = \frac{1.45}{1.165} \\\\V = 1.25 \ L[/tex]
[tex]V = 0.00125 \ m^3[/tex]
The work done by the nitrogen against external pressure is calculated as follows;
[tex]W = PV\\\\W = 101325 \times 0.00125\\\\W = 126.66 \ J[/tex]
The change in the internal energy of the system is calculated by applying first law of thermodynamics as follows;
[tex]\Delta E = Q - W\\\\\Delta E = (-2,340) - (126.66)\\\\\Delta E = -2,466.66 \ J[/tex]
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elements in the second group are also very reactive. they are called:
Answer:
Explanation:
IIA elements in the periodic table are the alkali earth metals
5) When rain falls to the earth, it just doesn't sit there. Instead, the rain water starts moving. Some of the precipitation seeps into the ground to replenishing groundwater. However, most of
it flows downhill as runoff. Runoff is important in filling rivers and lakes, but it also changes the landscape by erosion and can be a powerful mover. Flowing water is a powerful force,
capable of moving boulders and carving out canyons. Runoff has an impact on streams and rivers, but it also has an impact on the ocean system. What can you infer about the impact of
runoff on Ocean life? Choose ALL that apply.
A) Runoff drops a lot of sediment in the ocean, decreasing salinity.
B) Runoff builds up the coastline, depositing sediment, disrupting habitats of marine wildlife.
Runoff can lead to overgrowth of algae that can cause oxygen deprivation and create a dead zone.
D) Runoff carries pollutants into the ocean, causing illness and death of vulnerable marine populations.
) Runoff can carry bacteria, viruses and other pathogens from pet and livestock waste that can harm shellfish and other marine organisms.
Answer: Rain evaporates and this same process happens over and over again.
Explanation:
Cr(NO3)3(aq) +CuCl2(aq)
[tex]2\text{Cr(NO}_3\text{)}_3} + 3\text{CuCl}_2 \longrightarrow 2\text{CrCl}_3 + 3\text{Cu(NO}_3\text{)}_2[/tex]
What is the correct definition of Earth's energy budget?
it's a balance between that reaches the earth and the sun.
Can I have brainlist please
what aspects are not accounted for in the ideal gas law?
The aspects not accounted for in the ideal gas law are the force of attraction of the gas molecules on each other and the volume of the gas molecules.
In the ideal gas law, it it assumed that the molecules of the gas are so far away from each other and thus they do not exert a significant force of attraction on each other. Also, the volume of each molecule of gas is neglected and assumed negligible and thus does not account for the overall volume of the gas.
So, the aspects not accounted for in the ideal gas law are the force of attraction of the gas molecules on each other and the volume of the gas molecules.
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Answer:
interactions between molecules
size of molecule
Why is productivity greatest near the ocean’s surface
Answer:
Sunlight penetrates the top layers of the ocean, so photosynthesis occurs there.
Explanation:
One of the following is not a property of metals
O a
high malleability
Oь
high compressibility
Os high melting point
Od
high ductility
Answer:
O b
Explanation:
high compressibility is not the property of metal.
What do each of the' rings represent in the Bohr models?
Answer:
The energy levels or electron shells of an atom.
Answer:
Each ring represents a different energy level for the electrons. Each ring has a maximum number of electrons that it can hold. The first (inner) ring can only hold two electrons, the second level can hold eight, the third can hold 18 and the fourth holds 32.
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0.0200 moles of a compound is found to have a mass of 1.64 g. Find the formula mass of the compound
Give your answers to 3 significant figures
Answer: 82.0 g/mole
Explanation:
Use the units to see that if we divide 1.64 grams by 0.0200 moles, we'll get a number that is grams/mole, the definition of formula mass.
1.64/0.0200 = 82.0 g/mole (3 sig figs)
We can't tell from this alone what the molecular formula might be, but C6H10 (cyclohexene) comes close (82.1 grams/mole).
The formula mass of the compound will be approximately 82.0 g/mol
The formula mass of the compound is the sum of atomic masses of all the atoms in its chemical formula. It is calculated by adding up the atomic masses of the individual elements in the compound, each multiplied by the subscript indicating the number of atoms of that element in the formula.
To find the formula mass of the compound, we'll use the relationship between moles, mass, and molar mass.
Molar mass (in g/mol) = Mass (in g)/Moles
Given:
Mass = 1.64 g
Moles = 0.0200 moles
Let's plug the values and calculate molar mass:
Molar mass = 1.64 g / 0.0200 moles
Molar mass ≈ 82.0 g/mol
The formula mass of the compound is approximately 82.0 g/mol, rounded to three significant figures.
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Which of the following describes how photochemical smog is bad for the environment?
1. Decreases crop yields
II. Interferes with amount of sunlight reaching plants
III. Mixes with moisture and becomes acidic
OI and 11
Oll and III
O I and III
O I, II, and III
Answer:
Its l and ll
Explanation:
it doesn't mix with moisture that would be sulfurous smog
Answer: 1 and 3
qwq rawr
How many moles of iron are in 50.0g of iron? How many iron atoms are in 50.0g of iron?
Answer:
50g iron comprises 5.376 × 1023 atoms.
Explanation:
Which of the following would make a solution
A. Sand in water
B. Oil in water
C. lee in water
O D. Sugar in water
the proton concentrations of three solutions at 25 °c are given. classify the solutions as acidic, basic, or neutral.
This problem is giving information about the proton concentrations of three solutions at 25 °C. Despite they are not numerically given, we can propose three scenarios to see how to approach the question.
Let the following solutions to come up:
[H⁺] = 2.63x10⁻³ M
[H⁺] = 1.00x10⁻⁷ M
[H⁺] = 4.511x10⁻⁹ M
The first step, will be the calculation of the pH for each solution via:
pH = -log([H⁺])
So that they turn out to be:
pH = -log(2.63x10⁻³ M) = 2.580
pH = -log(1.00x10⁻⁷ M) = 7.000
pH = -log(4.511x10⁻⁹ M) = 8.3457
In such a way, since acidic solutions have a pH below 7, neutral have a pH equal to 7 and basic have it above 7, we infer the first one is acidic, second one is neutral and third one is basic.
Thus, you can reproduce this methodology with the proton concentrations you are given.
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