Answer:
NADH and ATP will undergo lactic acid fermentation and create 2 pyruvic acid molecules into ADP and NAP+
Explanation:
I just used da formula --> Glucose + ADP + NADH → Lactic acids + ATP + NAD+
the band shown for the elephant is 41 bp long. the region around the STR was 9 bases long. the STR was 4 bases long, and was repeated 8 times. this made the STR 32 bp long + 9 for the marker region, so 41 bp. based on this information, how long would another allele at this same location be if it had 5 repeat units instead of 9?
If the band shown for the elephant is 41 bp long and the region around the STR was 9 bases long while the STR was 4 bases long, and repeated 8 times thereby it made the STR 32 bp long + 9 for the marker region (41 bp), then based on this information the length of another allele at this same location be if it had 5 repeat units instead of 9 will be five (5) since 4 x 9 = 36 + 5 = 41 bp.
What is a short tandem repeat (STR) microsatellite molecular marker?A short tandem repeat (STR) is a molecular microsatellite marker whose repetitive pattern may be used to classify and or identify organisms in a phylogenetic or population analysis.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a short tandem repeat STR molecular marker depends on the number of repetitions.
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In flowering plants, plasmodesmata are narrow channels through cell walls that connect the cytoplasms of adjacent cells. An explanation of how plant cells communicate across cell walls will most likely refer to the diffusion through plasmodesmata of which of the following
The diffusion through plasmodesmata is Small, water-soluble molecules. Small water soluble molecules often cross the membrane through the process of Diffusion.
What is plasmodesmata diffusion?Plasmodesmata (Pd) are co-axial membranous channels that cross walls of adjacent plant cells, linking the cytoplasm, plasma membranes and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cells and allowing direct cytoplasmic cell-to-cell communication of both small molecules and macromolecules (proteins and RNA).
functions;
They allow the movement of cells to cells for cytoplasmic connection between different cells.Plant cells, encompassed as they are by cell dividers, don't get in touch with each other through wide stretches of plasma film the manner in which creature cells can.Plasmodesmata are fixed with plasma film that is consistent with the layers of the two cells. Each plasmodesma has a string of cytoplasm stretching out through it, containing a much more slender string of endoplasmic reticulum.Particles beneath a specific size (the size rejection limit) move unreservedly through the plasmodesma channel by latent dissemination.To learn more about plasmodesmata refers to;
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What selection is the process of genetic selection in which only the strongest organisms will live to reproduce?
natural selection is the process of genetic selection in which only the strongest organisms will live to reproduce.
Natural selection occurs when beneficial genetic mutations to an individual's survival are passed on through reproduction. As a result, a new generation of organisms is produced that is more likely to survive and reproduce. Giraffes, for example, have evolved long necks that allow them to feed on leaves that other animals cannot, giving them a competitive advantage. Because of a better food supply, those with longer necks were able to reproduce and thus pass on the trait to the next generation. Those with shorter necks and less food would have a lower chance of surviving to pass on their genes.
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before drawing the post-treatment blood urea nitrogen (bun) adequacy lab, adjustments to the dialysate flow rate (dfr) must include:
Before drawing the samples, lower the UFR, dialysate, and blood flow rates. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels can be used to assess how successfully dialysis removes urea from the body.
The BUN is measured both before and after your treatment. The two figures are then compared to determine how much the urea level in the blood has decreased.
Many factors can influence dialysis adequacy, including the kind of vascular access, filter type, device used, and the dose and frequency of erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA).
Blood for post-dialysis BUN is typically obtained in 3 or 5 ml tubes. The draw volume is approximately 2.5 or 4 ml. When drawing from the needle tubing, use the smaller tube since the blood sample will be restricted to what was "frozen" in the tubing when the pump was turned off.
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Explain how the immune system uses the other body's other systems to protect the body. Please answer in a couple of sentences using proper grammar and mechanics.The immune system is essential for the body to live. The most important is the T helper cell. The immune system uses B and killer T cells to get rid of the virus. The antibodies connect to the virus and kill it. Once someone can kill a virus, it shares with other cells so all the cells can work together to kill the virus.
The immune system is required for the body to function. The T helper cell is the most crucial. To eliminate the virus, the immune system employs B and killer T cells. Antibodies bind to the virus and destroy it. Once a virus is killed, it is shared with other cells, allowing all cells to work together to eliminate the virus.
The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism against disease. It recognises and responds to a broad variety of pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, as well as cancer cells and things such as wood splinters, separating them from the organism's own healthy tissue.
Many animals have two primary immune system subsystems. The innate immune system has a predetermined reaction to a wide range of events and stimuli. By learning to recognise chemicals it has previously seen, the adaptive immune system offers a personalised response to each stimulus. Both rely on molecules and cells to perform their functions.
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Regions that have similar climate characteristics can be widely spread apart, but typically have which of the following in common?Varying altitudes and similar precipitationCorresponding latitudes and continental locationsCorresponding temperature and wind patternsSimilar ocean currents and vegetation
giving reasons, identify the type of fertilization undergone by the above flower
Answer: Hibiscus
Explanation:
A) Stamens: These are the male parts of the flower. The many stamens are collectively known as the androecium. Structurally, it is divided into two parts:
Filament: the part that is long and slender and attached to the anther of the flower.Anthers: It is the head of the stamen and is responsible for the production of pollen which is transferred to the pistil or female parts of the same or different flower for fertilization.B) Ovary, form the base of the pistil. The ovary holds the ovules.
C) Petals: This layer lies just above the sepal layer. They are often brightly colored because their main function is to attract pollinators to the flower, such as insects, butterflies, etc. The petals are collectively known as the corolla.
Eggs – These are the egg cells of a flower. They are contained in the ovary. In the event of favorable pollination, when compatible pollen enters the stigma and eventually reaches the ovary to unite with the ovules, this fertilized product will form a fruit and the ovules will become the seeds of the fruit.
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27) what substance is secreted by the proximal-tubule cells and prevents the ph of urine from becoming too acidic? a) bicarbonate b) salt c) glucose d) ammonia e) naoh
Substance is secreted by the proximal-tubule cells and prevents the pH of urine from becoming too acidic Reabsorption of bicarbonate ion .
In general , After performing the filtration process at the glomerulus, when renal blood flow is transferred through a chain of peritubular capillaries, where transporters of the proximal tubules actively secrete the ureic toxins and harmful toxins in urine, it can also include protein-bound substances that cannot readily cross the membranes easily.
Hence , we can say that performing activity of carbonic anhydrase and II, the filtered bicarbonate also gets reabsorbed back into the blood via electromagnetic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 1 with the collateral direction.
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in a population with two alleles, b and b, the frequency of b is 0.56. what would be the frequency of the heterozygotes, assuming hardy-weinberg equilibrium?
In a population with two alleles, b and b, the frequency of b is 0.56. Assuming that the population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the heterozygotes would be 0.44 (1 - 0.56).
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a mathematical model that states that the frequency of alleles and genotypes in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of any evolutionary forces such as genetic drift, selection, or mutation. This model is based on five assumptions: no mutation, random mating, no migration, infinite population size and no natural selection. If these assumptions are met, then the population will be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
In a population with two alleles, b and b, the frequency of b is 0.56. The frequency of the heterozygotes (those individuals with one b and one b allele) can be calculated using the formula p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, where p is the frequency of allele b and q is the frequency of allele b. In this case, p = 0.56 and q = 1 - 0.56 = 0.44, so the frequency of the heterozygotes is 0.44.
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The elbow is also referred to as the
Answer:
The answer is C) Olecranon
Explanation:
The olecranal skin refers to the loose skin at the bottom of your elbow join, the joint of your elbow is called the ulna, the carpus is the bunch of bones in your wrist, hence the name of carpal tunnel, and finally the os coxae is the hip bone
what is the thin coating along the inner walls of the stomach called?
The thin coating on the inner walls of the stomach is called as gastric mucosa.
The inside of the stomach is lined with a mucous membrane called the gastric mucosa. Mucous membranes are always covered with a thick layer of mucus secreted by tall columnar epithelial cells. The stomach wall he consists of four layers. The lining (mucosa) consists of millions of microscopic glands that secrete gastric juice. Below that is the supporting layer (submucosa), and below that is the muscle layer. This is responsible for contractions and emptying of the stomach. The stomach secretes water, electrolytes, hydrochloric acid, and glycoproteins such as mucins, intrinsic factors, and enzymes.
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a plant is placed near a window. instead of growing straight up, the plant grows toward the window. what is this plant demonstrating?(1 point) responses gravitropism gravitropism thigmotropism thigmotropism phototropism phototropism dormancy dormancy
This plant is demonstrating phototropism, the growth of a plant in response to light. Phototropism allows the plant to optimize its exposure to light for photosynthesis.
phototropism is the growth of a plant in response to light. It is a type of tropism, which is a growth response in which a plant or organism moves or orientates itself in response to an external stimulus. Phototropism is the response of a plant to light, where the plant will grow towards the light source. It is a response that allows the plant to optimize its exposure to light for photosynthesis, the process by which the plant converts light energy into chemical energy. Phototropism is mediated by a hormone called auxin, which is produced in the apical meristem and redistributes unevenly in the stem of the plant.
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The rate with which an action potential travels along an axon _______.- is measured in meters/sec- is called the conduction velocity- is called the conduction velocity and is measured in volts/sec- is measured in volts/sec- is called the conduction velocity and is measured in meters/sec
The rate at which an action potential travels along an axon: is known as the conduction velocity which is measured in meters/sec.
Action potential is defined as the rapid fall and rise of the voltage across the plasma membrane of the neuron. The action potential is generated due to the influx or efflux of ions across the membrane. The action potential is required for transmission of signals across the neuron.
Axon is the slender long projection that emerges out from the nerve cell. It is responsible for carrying signals away from the cell body to another nerve cell. The ending portion of axon is called axon the axon terminal.
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Sections of copied DNA created on the lagging strand
Explanation:
Okazaki fragments
The short segments of newly assembled DNA from which the lagging strand is built are called Okazaki fragments. As replication proceeds and nucleotides are added to the sugar end of the Okazaki fragments, they come to meet each other. The whole thing is then stitched together by another enzyme called DNA ligase.
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Which of the following statements is true of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)?
a. it is a double-strand repair pathway
b. it is error-prone
c. it utilizes the sister chromatid as a template for repair
d. it is error-free
e. both A and B
Statements that is true of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) it is a double-strand repair pathway and it is error-prone.
In general ,Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is pathway that helps to repairs double-strand breaks in DNA. NHEJ is referred to as non-homologous as the ends are perfectly ligated and do not need a homologous template, while homology mediated repair(HDR), also requires a homologous sequence for guiding repair process.
Hence, NHEJ-break ends can be ligated without a homologous template, on the other hand HDR-breaks needs a template that guide repair. So , repair of chromosomal DSB through cell will be divided into two categories of repair pathways non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homology-directed repair (HDR).
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Describe in detail how your arm lifts a weight (biceps). Describe how it throws a ball (triceps). Explain why your muscles have a balance of fast and slow twitch fibers (strength vs. endurance). Explain how the length of the arm bones affects arm strength
The triceps/biceps, hamstrings, and chest muscles have more fast-twitch fibres. However, whereas quadriceps and back muscles frequently exhibit a mix, shoulders, forearms, and calves are more slow-twitch.
What is twitch?One muscle fibre contracts during a twitch in response to a nervous system order (stimulus).
The lag phase refers to the interval between a motor neuron's activation and the onset of muscle contraction (sometimes called the latent phase).
Energy is used by slow-twitch muscles gradually and reasonably evenly, which prolongs its duration.
This enables them to work for an extended period of time without running out of energy. Fast-twitch muscles burn up a lot of energy rapidly before becoming exhausted and in need of a rest.
There are more fast-twitch fibres in the triceps/biceps, hamstrings, and chest muscles. However, shoulders, forearms, and calves are more slow-twitch, but quadriceps and back muscles typically display a mix.
Thus, this way, muscles have a balance of fast and slow twitch fibers.
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what genotypes are possible for each of the other individuals? what genotypes are possible for each of the other individuals? mariposa and paloma can each have either the aa or aa genotype, but roberto can have either the aa or aa genotype. mariposa, paloma, and roberto can each have either the aa or aa genotype. mariposa, paloma, and roberto can each have either the aa or aa or aa genotype. mariposa and paloma can each have either the aa or aa genotype, but roberto can have either the aa or aa genotype.
mariposa, paloma, and roberto can each have either the AA or aa genotype. These genotypes are possible for each of the other individuals.
An organism's genotype is made up of all of its genetic components. The alleles or variations that an individual carries in a specific gene or genetic region are also referred to as the genotype.
It derives from the German word genotypes, which means "gene type." What your cells do depends on your genotype, which is the type of genes you have in particular. The science of genetics is intricate.
One of the easiest methods for determining genotype is the Punnett square. To ascertain the probable genotype of an offspring with respect to a specific trait, the square is essentially a little chart.
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what plane divides the body into equal right and left halves?
The midsagittal plane is an important concept in anatomy and physiology and is used to divide the body into equal right and left halves.
It is also important for medical imaging and can be used to compare the characteristics of organs and structures on the right and left sides of the body. The midsagittal plane is an important concept in anatomy and physiology, since it is used to describe the structure and function of the body. It is used to identify different regions of the body and the organs which are located in each region.
For example, the brain is located in the cranial region, while the heart is located in the thoracic region.
The midsagittal plane is also used to compare the characteristics of organs and structures on the right side of the body with those on the left side. This helps to identify any potential differences in structure or function which could be related to a disorder or disease.
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which evidence best supports the claim that mutations are a source of inheritable genetic variation?(1 point)
The statement 'mutations affect protein synthesis which impacts the way traits are expressed' BEST supports the claim that mutations are a source of inheritable genetic variation.
Mutations are genetic alterations in the nucleotide (DNA) sequence of the genome of an organism.
Non-silent mutations are those mutations that produce codons that encode different amino acids (i.e., non-synonym codons).
Non-silent mutations have the potential to change the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein (synthesized from a given gene), thereby they impact how phenotypic traits are expressed.
In conclusion, the statement 'mutations affect protein synthesis which impacts the way traits are expressed' BEST supports the claim that mutations are a source of inheritable genetic variation.
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Full Question ;
Which evidence best supports the claim that mutations are a source of inheritable genetic variation?
(1 point)
A Mutations are not inheritable from gametes because they are given from each parent.
B Mutations affect the way DNA is created through transcription.
C Mutations can only happen during meiosis because genes are inherited.
D Mutations affect protein synthesis which impacts the way traits are expressed.
What did we notice about all the waves on the electromagnetic spectrum that were harmful to us
please help fast its a quzziz i will gove brainlest anwser
Answer:
We noticed that all the waves on the electromagnetic spectrum that are harmful to us have high energy. This means that they have short wavelengths and high frequencies, which can cause damage to our cells and DNA.
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some scientists claim that humans are responsible for the increase of co2 in the atmosphere. evaluate which system the increased co2 levels are likely to affect, and predict the effects of increasing atmospheric co2 on natural and agricultural ecosystems.
grading:
* the student explains the result of elevated co2 levels on the process it would affect most, either cellular respiration or photosynthesis. (2 points)
* the student explains the possible effect of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide on ecosystems. (2 points)
The increase of CO2 in the atmosphere is likely to affect the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use energy from sunlight to convert CO2 and water into glucose and oxygen.
Elevated levels of Carbon diaoxide can increase the rate of photosynthesis, leading to faster growth and increased biomass in plants. However, the long-term effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 on natural and agricultural ecosystems are complex and can have both positive and negative consequences. Positive effects include: Increased growth and productivity of crops and other plants, leading to higher yields and Increased water use efficiency in plants, which could lead to better crop growth in dry regions Negative effects include: Changes in the distribution and abundance of plant and animal species, Increased competition for resources among plants and animals changes in the timing of life cycle events (such as flowering and migration)Overall, the impacts of increasing atmospheric CO2 on natural and agricultural ecosystems are complex and multifaceted, and more research is needed to fully understand the potential consequences.
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if the f2 generation is three-fourths red and one-fourth yellow, what was the genotype of the unknown butterfly?
Answer:
Assuming that true breeding lines are used, the genotype of the unknown butterfly would be heterozygous. This is because a heterozygous cross would produce an F2 generation that is three-fourths red and one-fourth yellow.
which events occur during prophase? check all that apply. which events occur during prophase?check all that apply. chromosomes are replicated. chromosomes condense and are attached to spindle fibers. the sister chromatids break apart and begin to separate. the nuclear envelope breaks down.
According to the given statement events occur during prophase are as follows:
A). Chromosomes condense and are attached to spindle fibers.
C). The nuclear envelope breaks down.
How important is prophase, and what is it?The initial stage of mitosis is called prophase. In the nucleus of the cell, the chromosomes condense and form compact structures during this stage. In fact, the density of the chromosomes increases to the point where, when seen via a microscope, they appear as sinuous, dark lines.
The name "prophase" refers to what?Chromosomes coil more tightly during prophase, during which the nucleolus and nuclear membrane disintegrate. All of this serves to prepare the cell for cell division, which will result in two daughter cells. The term's Greek ancestry means "before stage."
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I understand that the question you are looking for is:
Which events occur during prophase?
Check all that apply.
A). Chromosomes condense and are attached to spindle fibers.
B). The sister chromatids break apart and begin to separate.
C). The nuclear envelope breaks down.
D). Chromosomes are replicated.
Select True or False: The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called electron capture. 138 62 sm
the statement is True. The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called electron capture. 138 62 sm+0 -1 β→138 61 Pm
An atom's inner orbital electron is absorbed inside the nucleus during the radioactive decay process known as electron capture. This is followed by the transformation of a proton into a neutron and the emission of a neutrino. The emission of Bremsstrahlung, distinctive x-ray emission, gamma rays, and Auger electrons accompany this decay process. Following is a nuclear process that represents electron capture decay: Typically, the parent nucleus's K or L shell is where the electron on the left side of the equation gets absorbed. Notice how the offspring nucleus's atomic number has decreased while its mass number has remained constant. Inverse beta decay is a common name for the degradation pathway, which resembles beta decay.
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how do microbes help with Organ Development
Because it performs so many important roles in supporting the efficient daily functions of the human body, the microbiome is even referred to as a supporting organ.
A person's microbiota network is completely unique and is first determined by their DNA. By instructing specialized immune cells to produce effective antiviral proteins that ultimately eradicate viral infections, the beneficial gut microorganisms accomplish this.
Furthermore, without these helpful gut bacteria, a person's body won't be able to fight off infections that enter the body as effectively. In actuality, they support healthy digestion, infection defense, and even reproduction. We often concentrate on eliminating harmful bacteria. However, maintaining the excellent ones may be even more crucial.
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Which human activity causes the most harmful change in the natural environment? * a. Riding a bicycle. b. Swimming in the beach. c. Using a solar energy. d. Cutting down trees in the forest.
A human activity causes the most harmful change in the natural environment is Cutting down trees in the forest.
The impact of cutting down trees on the environmentcutting down trees indiscriminately has an impact on the environment. The following is an example of the answer key for class 3 theme material regarding the impact of cutting down trees on the environment, namely: The extinction of biodiversity. Animals that use trees as shelter and shelter are also affected.
Forests become deforested.Another impact of cutting trees carelessly is that forests become denuded. Trees that grow in the forest when cut down carelessly will cause the forest to be bare. As a result, the environment becomes increasingly arid, hotter, and loses oxygen supply.
Soil becomes infertileAs a result of cutting down trees carelessly, the soil becomes infertile. This happens because the soil absorbs too much sunlight so the conditions become very dry. The condition is exacerbated when it rains, because the nutrients contained in the soil are carried away by the flow of water.
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the majority of neandertal fossils have been found in . a. india b. africa c. europe d. asia
Neandertal fossils have mostly been discovered in Europe.
Around 40,000 years ago, all traces of Neanderthals vanished. The most recent Neanderthal fossils have been found at a few isolated locations in western Europe and the Near East, which was probably the last known location for this early human species. The first Neanderthal bones were discovered in Belgium and Gibraltar in 1830 and 1848, respectively, but it took decades for them to be identified as such.
More than 300 European Neanderthal remains have been discovered. It is the most comprehensive Neanderthal skull ever discovered. Those from African populations have no or almost no Neanderthal DNA, while people from European or Asian populations have between 1 and 2 percent.
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How is air temperature related to high- and low-pressure air?
Responses
High-pressure air makes other air warmer; low-pressure air makes other air cool.
High-pressure air makes other air warmer; low-pressure air makes other air cool.,
Cool air near the surface forms high-pressure areas; warm air forms low-pressure areas.
Cool air near the surface forms high-pressure areas; warm air forms low-pressure areas.,
Temperature is not related to air pressure, only to humidity.
Temperature is not related to air pressure, only to humidity.
Cool air forms low-pressure areas, while warm air forms high-pressure areas.
Explanation:
Air temperature is related to high and low pressure air through the process of adiabatic heating and cooling. Adiabatic heating occurs when air rises and expands, causing the temperature to decrease. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air sinks and compresses, causing the temperature to increase. High pressure systems are associated with sinking air and cooler temperatures, while low pressure systems are associated with rising air and warmer temperatures. Additionally, warm air can hold more moisture than cold air, so high pressure systems are also generally associated with clear, dry weather, while low pressure systems are associated with cloudy, wet weather.
Which Of The Following Is Correct? FIGURE. a. simple columnar b. simple cuboidal c. simple squamos d. transitional
Simple cuboidal cells are made up of a single layer of cube-shaped cells with a large central nucleus. They are found in the lining of organs such as the kidney tubules and airways.
Option B. Simple cuboidalThe Role of Simple Cuboidal Cells in Organ ProtectionThese cells have important functions such as secreting substances, absorbing substances, and providing a barrier to protect organs. They are found in the lining of organs such as the kidney tubules, airways, ovaries, and the thyroid gland. Simple cuboidal cells possess a specific structure that allows for efficient absorption, secretion, and protection of the internal organs and tissues. This type of cell is also found in the skin, where it helps to create a protective barrier against external factors.
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A particular triplet of bases in the coding strand of DNA is AAA. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds this mRNA codon is _____.TTT. UUA. UUU. AAA.
A particular triplet of bases in the coding strand of DNA is AAA. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds this mRNA codon is UUU.
The messenger peptide is a protein that is found in a variety of organisms, including humans (mRNA). mRNA is created by replicating DNA, and the information it contains instructs the cell on how to bind amino acids together to produce proteins.
The genes are used by the cell to generate proteins. There are two steps to this process. The first step is transcription, which involves replicating the sequence of one gene in an RNA molecule. The second stage is translation, which uses the RNA molecule as a code to produce an amino-acid chain (a polypeptide). In genomics, translation is the process through which information contained in messenger RNA (mRNA) controls the addition of amino acids during protein synthesis.
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