This result can be explained in the following way:
Some drug resistant bacteria were present at the start of the treatment and natural selection increased their frequency.
Let us take a closer look at antibiotic resistance and natural selection:
When bacteria are first exposed to an antibiotic, those that are most vulnerable to it will soon perish, leaving any remaining germs to pass on their resistant traits to following generations.
Because there are so many different types of bacteria, their DNA can randomly mutate to produce a wide range of genetic modifications. Bacteria can evolve antibiotic resistance through mutation and selection. For instance, although some bacteria have evolved to create enzymes to inactivate the antibiotic, others have built biochemical "pumps" that can remove an antibiotic before it reaches its target.
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A number of chemical treatments cause microtubules to fall apart. Colchicine is one such drug. What would happen if a dividing cell was treated with colchicine?.
A number of chemical treatments cause microtubules to fall apart. Colchicine is one such drug. If a dividing cell was treated with colchicine, chromosomes would not separate.
Microtubules are important structures present in the cytoskeleton of all eukaryotic organisms. These structures, microtubules, are involved in various functions such as the movement of molecules inside the cell, cell motility etc. However, the major function of microtubules is the formation of the mitotic spindles during the process of cell division.
These mitotic spindles are associated with the proper segregation of chromosomes to each daughter cell as they pull apart the sister chromosomes during cell division.
If a cell is treated with colchicine at the time of cell division, then this means that the microtubules of this cell will fall apart. They will not be able to make the microtubules and hence the chromosomes will not be able to separate.
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Within six months of effectively using the antibiotic methicillin to treat s. Aureus infections in a community, all new infections were caused by mrsa; a multidrug resistant s. Aureus. How can this result best be explained?.
Some drug-resistant microorganisms were present at the outset of treatment, and their frequency grew due to natural selection.
What is a drug-resistant organism?Bacteria that are resistant to more than one antibiotic are referred to as multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs for short). Multidrug-resistant organisms are mostly found in hospitals and nursing homes. They frequently affect the elderly or the extremely sick, and they can cause serious infections.
How do microorganisms become drug-resistant?Microbes may also share genes, particularly those that make the bacterium medication resistant. Bacteria reproduce in billions. Bacteria with drug-resistant DNA may pass these genes on to other bacteria. Non-resistant bacteria absorb the additional DNA and develop antibiotic resistance.
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Typically glomerulonep hri tis presents with:
A- Glycosuria
B- Bile in urine
C-Albuminuria
D- Epithelial cells
E-Pus cells
Glomerulonephritis presents with Bile in urine. So, the correct option is (b).
A series of illnesses known as glomerulonephritis affect the kidney's blood-filtering portion (called glomeruli). Nephrotic syndrome and nephritis are some phrases you could hear. When the kidney is damaged, the body's excess fluid and waste products cannot be eliminated. Kidney failure could occur if the sickness persists and the kidneys entirely stop functioning.
Glomerulonephritis can be either acute or chronic. The acute form appears out of nowhere. It could occur as a result of a skin or throat infection. You might occasionally improve on your own. Other times, if the appropriate treatment is not started right away, your kidneys may stop functioning. Early signs of the acute illness include:
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10 Medicinal plants of unani culture.
Those therapies include dalak (massage), hammam (bath and sauna), karat (exercise), fasd (venesection, or opening a vein to let out blood), hijamat (cupping, a process of drawing blood to the surface of the body by using a glass cup or tube), and amat-e-kai (leeching, or bleeding a person by using leeches).
What is Unani medicine made of?Unani System of Medicine considers human body as a single unit, made of seven components known as Umoor-e-Tabiya . According to Unani philosophy, the body is made up of the four basic elements i.e. Earth, Air, water and fire which have different temperaments i.e. cold, hot, wet and dry respectively.
With this information, we can conclude that The history of Unani system of medicine can be traced back to ancient Egypt and Babylon. Egyptians made use of medicinal plants as a remedy for ailments. They also initiated surgery as a method of treatment.
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In humans, mitochondrial genetic disorders are inherited from only the mother. The severity of such diseases can vary greatly, even within a single family. True or false?.
Its true, that in humans, mitochondrial genetic disorders are inherited from only the mother. The severity of such diseases can vary greatly, even within a single family.
Mitochondrial genetic disorders :A condition that develops when structures that provide energy for a cell fail.
The inability of mitochondria to completely burn food and oxygen to generate energy, which is required for normal cell function, is a common feature of mitochondrial disorders. It is frequently inherited.
Poor growth, developmental delays, and muscle weakness are all possible symptoms. Although there is no cure, physical therapy and drugs can help manage symptoms.
What are primary mitochondrial disorders?Primary mitochondrial myopathies (PMM) are a collection of illnesses caused by alterations in genetic material (e.g. depletions, deletions, or mutations) identified inside mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or genes outside the mitochondria (nuclear DNA), primarily affecting skeletal muscle.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als), the disease that prompted more than two million people to perform the ice bucket challenge, is caused?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als), the disease that prompted more than two million people to perform the ice bucket challenge, is caused by glutamate.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis :A nerve system disorder that causes muscle weakness and impairs physical function.Nerve cells deteriorate in this condition, reducing functionality in the muscles they supply. The reason is unknown.Muscle weakness is the most common symptom.Medication and therapy can help slow the progression of ALS and alleviate symptoms, but there is no cure.What blood tests show ALS?There are no specific tests to diagnose amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To make a diagnosis, a doctor will perform tests to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms and indicate changes that are consistent with ALS.
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A woman having a possible heart attack redirects her anger away from her condition and toward the paramedic. this is called:_____.
A woman having a possible heart attack redirects her anger away from her condition and toward the paramedic this is called displacement.
Heart attack :A restriction in blood supply to the heart muscle.
A heart attack is considered a medical emergency. A heart attack usually happens when a blood clot prevents blood flow to the heart. Tissue loses oxygen and dies in the absence of blood.
Tightness or discomfort in the chest, neck, back, or arms, as well as weariness, lightheadedness, irregular heartbeat, and anxiety, are all symptoms. Women are more highly probable than men to experience atypical symptoms.
Treatment options include everything from dietary changes and cardiac rehabilitation to medicines, stents, and bypass surgery.
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Mrs. Geisler’s neighbor told her she should look at her Part D options during the annual Medicare enrollment period because features of Part D might have changed. Mrs. Geisler can’t remember what Part D is so she called you to ask what her neighbor was talking about. What could you tell her?
Part D covers prescription drugs and she should look at her premiums, formulary, and cost sharing among other factors to see if they have changed.
The cost sharing protected by your coverage that you pay out of your personal pocket. This time period normally consists of deductibles, coinsurance, and copayments, or similar prices, however it would not consist of charges, balance billing quantities for non-community providers, or the price of non-protected services.
Zero cost sharing plans provide coverage to all important health advantages needed to keep suitable health and well-being. This means that fundamental checkups, preventative care, physician consultations, remedy, and maximum essential kinds of surgical treatment are eligible for insurance below a zero fee sharing plan.
Increases in cost sharing additionally increase economic burdens for families, causing a few to cut back on requirements or borrow money to pay for care. specially, small copayments can add up quickly whilst an character desires ongoing care or a couple of medicines.
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Antipsychotic drugs such as thorazine are often used to treat schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs are used as.
Antipsychotic drugs such as thorazine are often used to treat schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs are used as antagonist to inhibit the action of dopamine.
Dopamine :Dopamine is a neurotransmitter and also a hormone. It is involved in a variety of vital bodily functions, including mobility, memory, and pleasure reward and motivation. Dopamine levels are linked to a variety of mental health and neurological disorders.
What happens when dopamine is high?Too much dopamine, or too much dopamine concentrated in some portions of the brain and not enough in others, is associated with being more competitive, aggressive, and having poor impulse control. It can result in disorders such as ADHD, binge eating, addiction, and gambling.
What triggers dopamine?Dopamine is best famous for its role in assisting humans in feeling pleasure as part of the brain's reward system. Intimacy, shopping, and the fragrance of cookies baking in the oven can all cause dopamine release, or a "dopamine rush."
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A nurse is asked to assess a patient for fluid volume deficit. The patient reports that he has lost 10 kg of total body weight in the last 48 hours due to vomiting and diarrhea. Based on the relationship between volume and weight, about how much fluid has this patient lost?.
(3) 10 liters of fluid is the amount of fluid that the patient lost due to the fact that the patient has lost 10 kg of total body weight in the last 48 hours due to vomiting and diarrhea.
Using the relationship of volume and weight we can calculate the amount of fluid that the patient has lost. We can use the density of the fluid which is water as a conversion factor to convert the amount of body weight lost by the patient into the amount of fluid he has lost.
We know that the density of water is 1 gram per 1 mL. Firstly, we must convert first the body weight from kilograms to grams in order for us to use the conversion factor in grams per mL:
10 kg x (1000g/1kg) = 10,000 g
We can now use the conversion factor:
10,000 g x (1 mL/1 g) = 10,000 mL
10,000 mL is the answer but since the choices are in liters we must convert this to liters:
10,000 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) = 10 L
Hence, option 3 which is 10 liters is the correct answer.
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Question correction:
A nurse is asked to assess a patient for fluid volume deficit. The patient reports that he has lost 10 kg of total body weight in the last 48 hours due to vomiting and diarrhea. Based on the relationship between volume and weight, about how much fluid has this patient lost?
1 liter of fluid5 liters of fluid10 liters of fluid15 liters of fluidCapillary blood used for many home monitoring devices and several clia-waived poc tests.
True, capillary blood is used in several home monitoring devices and some clia-waived poc tests.
What tests can't be done with capillary blood?Capillary punctures are not suitable for blood culture testing or most coagulation assays. Consult the online test directory for each test's collection requirements. Capillary Specimens can be used for point-of-care testing right away.
When would you utilize a capillary blood test?Capillary blood is used to measure glucose by transferring it to a test strip. In most circumstances, the differences between capillary blood and plasma are negligible. There are some variances in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, as well as platelet counts. There is also a minor change in glucose levels.
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The most helpful laboratory value in monitoring the progression of declining renal function is?
The most helpful laboratory value in monitoring the progression of declining renal function is serum creatinine.
What renal disease means?End-stage renal disease, commonly known as kidney failure or end-stage kidney disease, occurs when chronic kidney disease – the gradual loss of kidney function — reaches an advanced level. End-stage renal disease occurs when your kidneys no longer function properly to support your body's demands.
A phrase used to indicate the efficiency with which the kidneys function. The kidneys filter waste and excess water from the blood (as urine) and aid in the balance of substances in the body (such as sodium, potassium, and calcium).
What causes poor renal function?Diabetes is leading cause of renal disease. Diabetes, both type 1 and type 2 However, heart disease and obesity can also contribute to the damage that causes kidney failure. Long-term functional decline can also be caused by urinary tract disorders and inflammation in various regions of the kidney.
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O False
QUESTION 4
What type of study is described in the following excerpt?
An interprofessional team wants to test a new intervention to see whether it will improve central-line associated bloodstream
infection (CLABSI) rates. Subjects were randomized into either the intervention or the control group by pulling a slip of paper with
either a one or a two written on it from a manila envelope (those pulling ones were randomized to the intervention group: those
pulling twos were randomized to the control group). When the study began, the intervention group received the intervention and the
control group received equal attention. Data was collected and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).
Descriptive statistics were used to report the data.
A
What type of research article is this?
OA. Quantitative research
O B. Qualitative research
OC. Systematic reviews
OD. Literature reviews
O E. Mixed methods
OF. Program evaluation
A kind of experiment where numerical data is collected is called a quantitative research.
What is a research?A research is a carefully designed scientific study. We often carry out a research in order to make deductions about certain situations. In this case, we have to study whether or not a new intervention to see whether it will improve central-line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates.
The subjects were randomized into either the intervention or the control group by pulling a slip of paper with either a one or a two written on it from a manila envelope (those pulling ones were randomized to the intervention group: those pulling twos were randomized to the control group).
Now, we can see that in this experiment, numerical data was collected. A kind of experiment where numerical data is collected is called a quantitative research.
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Before administering a medication, what does the nurse need to know to evaluate how individual patient variability might affect the patient's response to the medication?
Before administering a medication the nurse needs to know the patient's family medical history, patient's age and patient's diagnosis in order to evaluate how individual patient variability might affect the patient's response to the medication.
This is because different medication affects different patients based on all the parameters mentioned above. Age-related differences in patient response to medicines are possible. Drug metabolization processes may be impacted by the patient's sickness. Drug characteristics include the medication's ease of administration and chemical stability.
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Active transport processes differ from passive transport processes because active processes require ___. Question 9 options: imbalance homeostasis energy neuroglia
Answer:
energy
Explanation:
Passive transport is like diffusion across a membrane from high concentration to low, whereas active transport requires energy.
In the nine steps of attachment, "confirming the pregnancy"
refers to the
Answer:
Verification via pregnancy test or other means
Explanation:
Answer:
as seeing
the signs of pregnancy
When filling a prescription you enter the sig 4GAE. This is the abbreviation for four
When filling a prescription you enter the sig 4GAE, the abbreviation for four is gid or q.i.d.
What is the Code SIG?This is known to be the Prescription abbreviations, often called "Sig Codes," used by pharmacy and pharmacist and they are essentially coded instructions obtained from a health care provider.
The "Sig" is one that is known to be the patient's provider's instructions for the act of taking a certain drug. The most consistent acronyms used in the Sig are those that are written in its manual.
Therefore, based on the above, When filling a prescription you enter the sig 4GAE, the abbreviation for four is gid or q.i.d.
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Critical Thinking and the Nursing Process 1. Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs , which of the following nursing diagnoses has the highest priority ? A. Knowledge deficit B. Constipation C. Disabled family coping D. Anxiety E. Ineffective airway clearance
Ineffective airway clearance would be the highest priority according to Maslow's hierarchy. So the correct option is E.
What is Maslow's hierarchy?
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a psychological motivational theory that consists of a five-tier model of human wants, which is commonly shown as hierarchical tiers within a pyramid.
The requirements are listed in the hierarchy in the following order: physiological (food and clothes), safety (work security), love and belonging (friendship), esteem, and self-actualization.
Lower-level needs must be met before persons can attend to higher-level requirements.
Therefore, the correct option is E.
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The part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum. True or false?.
The part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called the visceral peritoneum, which is false because the layer is called the parietal peritoneum and it is the outermost layer.
What is the peritoneum?The peritoneum is of two types: the parietal peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum, which is present in the abdominal regions such as the parietal peritoneum, which is the outermost layer of the abdomen, and the visceral peritoneum, which is the inner membrane that comes into contact with the abdominal organs such as the stomach, liver, etc. The abdomen has a liver, kidney, stomach, intestines, etc., and all of them have different functions.
Hence, the part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called the visceral peritoneum, which is false because the layer is called the parietal peritoneum and it is the outermost layer.
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One important factor in the development of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa that would be considered a biological factor are ____________.
One important factor in the development of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa that would be considered a biological factor are family history.
Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are the two types of eating disorders often caused by psychological and environmental factors. Feeling pressure for an idealized body shape and assuming the body type to be faulty drives one to such eating disorders. But they may also be caused by some biological factors like that in heredity.
The transfer of parental characters to the offspring through genes is known as heredity. Genes, generally, carry information for specialized traits to be enhanced in offspring. But genes may also occupy some information regarding any parental disorder. Any parent having some eating disorder like anorexia nervosa or bulimia Nervosa, depression history, etc. or any mood affections are likely to transfer this to their offspring.
Offspring of some parents with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa are thus more likely to suffer from these disorders than those with no such disorders.
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Most fats and fat-soluble nutrients are absorbed and carried through the ______ system.
Most fats and fat-soluble nutrients are absorbed and carried through the lymphatic system.
How are fat soluble nutrients absorbed?Adipose tissues contain fat-soluble vitamins. These vitamins are not absorbed directly into the bloodstream, but are taken up by chylomicrons in the small intestine, transported through the lymphatic system, and then released into the bloodstream.
Which circulatory system carries most of the fats and fat soluble nutrients?The lymphatic system's second role is to absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive system and then transport them to the venous circulation. Villi are fingerlike extensions on the mucosa that lining the small intestine.
Where does absorption of nutrients mostly occur?The small intestine collects the majority of nutrients from food, and your circulatory system transports them to various parts of your body for storage or utilization. Special cells aid in the transfer of nutrients from the gut lining into the circulation.
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Neatness and cleanliness are a dimension of professionalism that should be demonstrated by your?
Neatness and cleanliness are a dimension of professionalism that should be demonstrated by your appearance.
What it means to be professionalism?A professional is a person who earns their living from a certain professional activity. The ability, sound judgment, and polite manner expected of a person who has been trained to execute a decent job."
What is professionalism in the workplace?It entails efficiently and appropriately communicating and always finding a way to be productive. Employers prefer new employees who are responsible, ethical, and team oriented, as well as who have great communication, interpersonal, and problem-solving skills. When you combine these abilities, you get professionalism.
What is professionalism behavior?Professional behavior is a type of workplace etiquette that is largely associated with respectful and professional conduct. Professionalism, believe it or not, can help your career and increase your prospects of success in the future. Many organizations have particular codes of conduct in place, but some do not.
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In an experiment designed to study the effectiveness of a new drug, research participants who receive a placebo are participating in the ________ condition.
Answer:
control group
Explanation:
Not sure about the word "condition" in the question - was that a mistake?
How can each type of homeostasis loss be treated medically (through medication, procedures, etc.)?
The loss of homeostasis can be treated by increasing the supply of dopamine in the brain.
Homeostasis:A homeostatic process is an automatic mechanism that keeps the body functioning normally. It can also refer to a process that keeps the body in a healthy state in the absence of external influences such as exercise, stress, or medicines.
Some of the common types of homeostasis include:Blood glucose homeostasis is a critical component of diabetes management. This can be used to monitor an individual's glucose levels in order to determine the efficacy of the treatment.When calcium ions from the blood enter the cell, plasma is produced. Ionized calcium produces a barrier that protects the cell from calcium ions outside the cell.The pressure on the artery wall that a blood vessel resists determines arterial blood pressure. The blood pressure that originates in the heart has been elevated as a result of the heart valve opening irregularly and has been further elevated as a result of the heart's higher metabolic demand.To know more about Blood glucose :
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A 72-year-old man with pain issues is being given a drug by the intramuscular route. His serum blood level concentrations have been erratic. The nurse suspects that this may be due to?.
Answer:
the net force acting on an object is
When should the emt most likely expect to hear wheezes in a patient complaining of shortness of breath secondary to an asthma attack?
Answer:
while breathing out
Explanation:
Jerome places a bag of flour on a scale. The scale shows that the bag has a weight of 17 n. Which is the reaction force of the bag sitting on the scale?.
Answer: The scale exerts a 17 N force up on the bag.
Hope this helps you get your answer!
After administering fentanyl, a controlled medication, to a patient for severe pain, you should:__________
Answer:
Explanation:
see if the medicine is useable
On assessment, the nurse notes that the patient is dyspneic and crackles are audible on lung auscultation, and that the patient has gained 1. 8 kg over the past 24 hours. What nursing diagnostic label do these data suggest?.
Answer:
When the patient is dyspneic and crackles are audible on lung auscultation and if the patient has gained 1. 8 kg over the past 24 hours will suggest excess fluid volume in the patient.
Explanation:
The excess fluid volume can occur as a result of heart failure, over-infusion with intravenous fluid, Liver failure, and renal failure.
Dyspnoea and crackles on lung bases are present as a result of fluid accumulated in lung bases. This will cause difficulty in breathing.
Once the fluid gets accumulated in body spaces like the pleura cavity and abdominal cavity this will cause acute weight gain in the patient.
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10. Which of the following are causes of artifact on an ECG?
A. 60 cycle interference
B. Muscle tremors
C. CPR
D. All of the above
Answer:
I think is B
Explanation:
because external artifacts are usually caused by line current
