Write a balanced symbol equation for the formation of phosphorus pentachloride from 72g of phosphorus trichloride and excess oxygen. Use this to calculate the mass of phosphorous pentachloride produced. State and explain the atom economy for this reaction.

The same bottle of beer contains  1.09 x 10²⁴  hydrogen atom

The hydrogen atom in the bottle of beer can be calculate as follows:

First we should find the moles of the ethanol

We know that moles = mas / mass molar, but the question give us the density of the ethanol

We also knew that density = mass/ volume

To find the mass of ethanol we should calculate the volume first

Volume of ethanol = 5% = 0.05

Volume of ethanol = 0.05 × 356= 17.8 mL

Density of ethanol =  mass/ volume

mass of ethanol = Density x volume

mass of ethanol =  0.789 g/ mL x 17.8 mL = 13. 884 g

Molecular weight of ethanol (C 2H 5OH)=2×12+5+16+1=46 g/ mol

so 46 g C 2H5OH has 6g H

​∴13. 884 g C2H5OH = 6 x 13.884 g x 6.02 x 10 ²³= 1.09 x 10²⁴ H atom

                                                     46

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The Freezing point = 243 K, and Boiling point = 108.250C if antifreeze solution that is 50.0% by mass of ethylene glycol (hoch2ch2oh) in water.

petroleum hydrocarbons Over 95% of the worldwide annual commercial production of ethylene is currently based on steam cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons. Various feedstocks, including ethane, propane, butanes, naphthas and gas oils, are used to produce ethylene.

Natural sources of ethylene include both natural gas and petroleum; it is also a naturally occurring hormone in plants, in which it inhibits growth and promotes leaf fall, and in fruits, in which it promotes ripening. Ethylene is an important industrial organic chemical.

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The the specific heat of titanium is 0.524 J g-1 °C-1.

The amount of heat required to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (°C) is known as specific heat. Since water has a higher specific heat than other substances, it requires more energy to raise its temperature.

q = m × C × ΔT

q = m × C × (T_f - T_i),

where:

q = amount of heat energy gained or lost by substance

m = mass of sample

C = specific heat capacity (J g-1 °C-1)

T_f = final temperature

T_i = initial temperature

The specific heat capacity of water is 4.20 J g-1 °C-1

2) Therefore:

q_lost by titanium = (20.8 g) × C_titanium × (24.3 - 99.5)°C

q_lost by titanium = -1564.16 × C_titanium

q_gained by water = (75.0 g) × (4.20 J g-1 °C-1) × (24.3 - 21.7)°C

q_gained by water = 819

-q_lost by titanium = q_gained by water

-(-1564.16 × C_titanium) = 819

C_titanium = (819) / (1564.16) = 0.5236 = 0.524

C_titanium = 0.524 J g-1 °C-1

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Answer:

13.00 [tex]dm^{3}[/tex]

Explanation:

At S.T.P one mole of any gas requires 22.414 [tex]dm^{3}[/tex].

By setting up mole ratio between moles and volume;

         moles    :     volume

             1         :      22.414

            0.58    :         X

 X = 0.58 x 22.414

 X = 13.00 [tex]dm^{3}[/tex]

The equilibrium constant for the reaction is 8.5* 10^15.

Chemical equilibrium is characterized as an active condition in which the concentration of each reactant remains constant. While they might not be equal, they are not altering. A double arrow in a chemical process denotes an equilibrium state. Products are on the right while reactants are to the left.

The Latin term libra, which meaning weight or balance, is the origin of the word equilibrium. Several instances of equilibrium include: a book that is open and at rest. a vehicle that is going steadily. a chemical process where both the forward and backward rates of reaction are equal.

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20ul of a 1M stock of ascorbic acid and 100mls of water is needed to make 2mm of ascorbic acid in a final volume of 100mls

To make a 2mm solution of ascorbic acid in a final volume of 100mls, we first need to calculate how many moles of ascorbic acid are required. We can use the formula:

molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution

Given that we need 2mm of ascorbic acid, we can calculate the number of moles of ascorbic acid required: 2mm = 2 x 10^-3 molar

We are told that the final volume is 100mls = 0.1Lmoles of ascorbic acid = molarity x liters of solution = 2 x 10^-3 x 0.1 = 2 x 10^-4 moles

To make a 1M stock solution, we know that 1 mole of solute is dissolved in 1 liter of solvent.

volume of 1M stock solution = moles of solute / 1 = 2 x 10^-4 moles / 1 = 2 x 10^-4 L = 20 ul.

The total volume of the final solution is 100mls = 0.1L. The volume of the 1M stock solution is 20ul = 2 x 10^-5L. So the volume of water needed for the final solution is:0.1L - 2 x 10^-5L = 0.09998 L ≈ 100mls So, you need 20ul of a 1M stock of ascorbic acid and 100mls of water to make 2mm of ascorbic acid in a final volume of 100mls.

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Solid water is less dense as compared to the liquid water, that is why ice floats rather than sinks. This unusual property is because of hydrogen bonding between the molecules.

The density of ice is around 90 percent as compared to that of water, but that can vary as ice may also have air. Hence, it implies that around 10 percent of an ice cube will be above water line.

The solid form of most of the substance is denser than liquid phase and so block of most solids will sink in liquid but block of ice floats in the  liquid water because ice is less dense. On freezing, density of the water reduces by about 9%.

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Answer:

This would be considered an average speed, as it's an estimate of how fast the cheetah can run over a certain distance, taking into account variations in its speed. It's not instantaneous, which would refer to the speed at a specific moment, and it's not constant, which would refer to the same speed being maintained over a period of time.

Answer: 0.545 grams of  [tex]C_{4} H_{10}[/tex]  on burning will give 0.86 grams of water.

Explanation: The molecular mass of water is 18 grams/mole.

therefore, 0.86 grams of water = 0.86/18 (mass/molecular weight)

= 0.047 moles

Now, by unitary method :

Since by the equation, We can already tell 10 moles of water is produced by burning 2 moles of  C_{4} H_{10}.

∴ 10 moles of water →  2 moles of C2H10

1 mole of water → 2/10 moles of C2H10

0.047 Moles of water → 0.047 x (2/10) moles of C2H10

∴ We will need 0.0094 Moles of C2H10 to produce 0.86 grams of water which is 0.545 Grams (moles x Molecular mass = required weight)

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C=C double bond adjacent to a carbocation is structural feature must a compound possess in order to be classified as an allylic carbocation.

The double bond carbon atoms can be classified as vinylic and allylic carbon atoms. The general formula for a vinyl group is R-CH = CH 2 where both carbon atoms are bonded with a double bond and the R is attached in the vinylic position.

Because the two carbon atoms form a double covalent bond, they are sp 2 hybridized. The allylic position is also like the vinylic position. The allylic carbon is bonded to a carbon atom that is double bonded to another carbon atom.

The allylic carbon atom is an sp 3 hybridized carbon atom in the RCH 2 -CH=CH 2 allylic group bonded to the -CH=CH 2 group.

For example in propene, the highlighted carbon atom is an allylic carbon atom (CH 3 -CH=CH 2 ). Similarly, in cyclohexene, the carbon atom next to the double bond is an allylic carbon atom.

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The volume of air at 273 K would be 0.67 L by Gas Law. The ideal gas law, a state equation for all gases, states: PV is equal to nRT, where n is the number of moles of the gas and 8.314 joules per kelvin per mole is the universal (or perfect) gas constant.  

According to the Ideal Gas Law, all gases have an equal number of molecules when they are at the same temperature, pressure, and volume (but not the same mass)

V1=0.5 L

T1=203 K

T2 = 273 K

V2 = unknown.

Now, [tex]\frac{V1}{T1}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{V2}{T2}[/tex]

So,

0.5L/203 = V2/273

V2= 0.67 L

So, Volume of gas will be 0.67 L.

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Count the hydrogens on each component before and after the reaction to determine if it is an acid or a basic. Acid is the material whose hydrogen content has reduced.

A Brnsted-Lowry base must have at least one lone pair of electrons in order to absorb a proton and create a new connection with it. A proton is transferred from an acid to a base in an acid-base reaction, according to the Brnsted-Lowry definition.

A Bronsted-Lowry base is a chemical that can take a hydrogen ion, whereas a Bronsted-Lowry acid can donate one. Lewis bases

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The correct option according to the formal charge is (B) , among the resonance structures of N₂O.

N2O, or dinitrogen monooxide, has three resonance configurations, two of which contribute significantly to the resonance. There are a total of 18 valence electrons in the N2O molecule: 6 from the nitrogen atom and 6 from each oxygen atom. All three resonance configurations exhibit atoms with complete octets and account for the 18 valence electrons. The same number of covalent bonds—2 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds—are present in all three configurations. The location of the negative charge will tip the balance in favour of the structure on the upper right when comparing it to the structure in the upper left. The negative charge will be because oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen.

Due to its larger separation of charge than the other two, the bottom structure will have a modest impact. The more electronegative oxygen atom is given a positive charge, and a nitrogen atom is given an extremely unstable (-2) formal charge. As a general rule, formal charges greater than (-1) or (+1) automatically suggest that the resonance structure is a modest factor. Dinitrogen monoxide can thus be represented by three resonance structures, with one major and two minor contributors.

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The complete question is as follows :

The main reason why hydrogen bonds form between H2O molecules and not between H2S, H2Se, or H2Te molecules is because of their different chemical structures.

H2O consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, while H2S, H2Se, and H2Te consist of two hydrogen atoms and one sulfur, selenium, and tellurium atom, respectively.

Because oxygen has a higher electronegativity than sulfur, selenium, and tellurium, it creates a stronger bond between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms, allowing for the formation of hydrogen bonds.

These bonds are what give H2O its distinct properties, such as its ability to exist as a liquid at room temperature, its volatility, and its higher molecular weight. Additionally, these hydrogen bonds give H2O its distinct aroma, which the other compounds lack.

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NH4NO3. The pH of a solution is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) present in it.

Concentration, also known as “mental focus”, is the act of focusing one’s thoughts and energies on a specific task or activity. It is a key element of successful learning and is an important skill in all areas of life. Concentration is the ability to filter out unimportant or irrelevant information, maintain focus on the task at hand, and block out distractions. With strong concentration skills, individuals can more easily process and retain information, solve problems, and make decisions.

NH4NO3 is a salt that can release protons (H+) into solution, which will then be neutralized by hydroxide ions (OH-). Therefore, when NH4NO3 is added to water, a solution with pH = 7.00 will be formed.

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Answer:

First lets write down the chemical formula

baking soda:

NaHCO₃
citric acid:

CH3COOH

Lets write the base ionization reaction for NaHCO3

NaHCO3 + H2O -> NaOH + CO2+ H2O

With this equations down, we can clearly see that baking soda produce carbon dioxide gas since H2CO3 dissolves into CO2+ H2O. The required part is HCO3-, where that does not apply to citric acid

A) No change in E. Adding NaOH does not affect the cell voltage as it does not change the concentrations of the reactants or products.

Cell voltage is the electrical potential difference between two points in a cell. It is the amount of energy needed to move a unit charge from one point to the other. It is measured in volts (V). Cell voltage is an important parameter for battery efficiency, because it affects the amount of current that can be drawn from the battery, as well as its capacity. Cell voltage is determined by the chemical reaction taking place inside the cell, as well as the design of the cell and its components.

b) Increased E. Increasing the temperature increases the rate of the reaction, which causes the cell voltage to increase.
c) Increased E. Increasing the amount of PbCl2 increases the rate of the reaction, which causes the cell voltage to increase.
d) Decreased E. Diluting the solution by adding H2O decreases the concentrations of the reactants and products, which slows down the reaction rate and decreases the cell voltage.

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The total number of carbon atoms in 3.50g of butane is 0.24 mol.

Liquid butane (C4H10) is a commonly used fuel in disposable lighters. Butane has a molecular weight of 58.1g/mol, which means that for every 1 mol of butane, there are 58.1 grams.

To calculate the number of carbon atoms in 3.50 grams of butane, we can use the following equation: Amount (mol) = Mass (g) / Molecular Weight (g/mol).

In this case, 3.50g / 58.1g/mol = 0.060 mol of butane. Since each molecule of butane contains 4 carbon atoms, the total number of carbon atoms in 3.50g of butane is 0.060 x 4 = 0.24 mol of carbon atoms.

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Explanation:

The balanced equation for the reaction is:

2 O + Ca → Compound

From the information given, we know that 2.0 moles of oxygen atoms reacts with 80.1 g of calcium. To find the percent composition by mass of each element in the new compound, we first need to determine the molar mass of the compound.

The molar mass of the compound can be calculated by adding up the molar masses of oxygen and calcium.

Molar mass of O = 2 x (16.00 g/mol) = 32.00 g/mol

Molar mass of Ca = 40.08 g/mol

Molar mass of Compound = 32.00 g/mol + 40.08 g/mol = 72.08 g/mol

Now we can use this information to find the percent composition by mass of each element in the compound.

% mass of O = (moles of O x molar mass of O) / molar mass of Compound x 100

% mass of O = (2.0 moles x 32.00 g/mol) / 72.08 g/mol x 100 = 44.68%

% mass of Ca = (moles of Ca x molar mass of Ca) / molar mass of Compound x 100

% mass of Ca = (80.1 g / 40.08 g/mol) / 72.08 g/mol x 100 = 55.32%

So, the percent composition by mass of oxygen in the new compound is 44.68% and the percent composition by mass of calcium in the new compound is 55.32%

Light moves from a rare to a denser medium at a slower speed and shorter wavelength. As a result, when light enters water from the air, its wavelength is less in water than in air but its frequency remains the same.

The distance between two identical points (adjacent crests) in consecutive cycles of a waveform signal as it moves through space or over a wire is known as its wavelength.

The distance between two wave crests determines the wavelength, but a wave's trough has a constant wavelength. The term "frequency" refers to the number of vibrations that pass over a specific location in a second and is represented in cycles per second (Hz) (Hertz). We discuss how wavelength and frequency are related.

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The primary, secondary, and tertiary hydrogens should be indicated on a diagram of the structure of 4-isopropyl-2,4,5-trimethylheptane. Hydrocarbons: Organics include hydrocarbons.

Response and Justification: 4-Isopropyl-2,4,5-Trimethylheptane is the supplied substance. Heptane, a chain with seven carbons, is its parent chain. The methyl group, CH3, is bound each of the heptane's second, fourth, and fifth carbons, as implied by the term 2,4,5-trimethyl.

The succession of atoms joined together to produce the compound's fundamental structure is known as the skeletal system of an organic complex. Chains of bound atoms, branches, and/or rings can make up the skeleton.

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The solubility in water of ionic compound is measured and found to be at, In order to equal 34.0g of X, the volume of a saturated solution of X in water is 43.9 ml.

The amount of solute that dissolves in 100 ml of the solvent at a specific temperature is known as solubility.

Given: Ionic substance X dissolves in water at a rate of 0.776 g/ml

One ml of X contains 0.774 g of X.

Thus, = contains 34.0 g of X.

Therefore, 43.9 ml is the volume of a saturated solution of X in water that contains 34.0g of X.

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The force in members HI will be in tension, CD will be zero force member, CH will be in compression GF will be in tension and EF will be in compression.

In mechanics, a force is any action that has the potential to change, maintain, or distort a body's motion.

Applying equilibrium equations,

∑v = 0

[tex]V_{A}[/tex] + [tex]V_{K}[/tex] = 1500 + 1500 + 1500+ 1500+ 1500

[tex]V_{A}[/tex] + [tex]V_{K}[/tex] = 7500lb

∑m = 0 taking the moment about joint K

[tex]H_{A}[/tex] × 4 = 1500×3 + 1500×6 + 1500×9 + 1500×12 + 1500×15

4[tex]H_{A}[/tex] =  4500lb + 9000lb + 13500lb + 18000lb+ 22500lb

4[tex]H_{A}[/tex] = 67500lb

[tex]H_{A}[/tex] = 67500/4

∑H = 0

[tex]H_{A}[/tex] +[tex]H_{K}[/tex] = 0

[tex]H_{K}[/tex] = -67500/4 = -16876lb

Taking the moment of joint F

[tex]V_{A}[/tex] ×15 + [tex]V_{K}[/tex]×15 + [tex]H_{K}[/tex]×15

-1500×12 -1500×9 -1500×6-1500×3 = 0

15 ([tex]V_{A}[/tex]+[tex]V_{K}[/tex]) + 4 [tex]H_{K}[/tex] = 1500×30

15 ([tex]V_{A}[/tex]+[tex]V_{K}[/tex]) + 4(-16876) = 1500×30

([tex]V_{A}[/tex]+[tex]V_{K}[/tex]) = 7500lb

∑v = 0

[tex]F_{CH}[/tex] Sinθ  + 7500 = 0

[tex]F_{CH}[/tex] = -9375lb

[tex]F_{CD}[/tex] + [tex]F_{HI}[/tex] + [tex]F_{CH}[/tex] ×3/5 = 0

[tex]F_{CD}[/tex] + [tex]F_{HI}[/tex] - 9375×3/5 = 0

[tex]F_{CD}[/tex] + [tex]F_{HI}[/tex] = 5625lb

Taking the moment of joint A,

-16875×4 + [tex]F_{HI}[/tex]×4 - [tex]F_{CH}[/tex] Sinθ  + 6H = 0

([tex]F_{HI}[/tex] - 16875) ×4 = -9375 ×6×4/5

[tex]F_{HI}[/tex] = 5625lb

[tex]F_{CD}[/tex] = 0lb

member HI will be in tension

CD will be zero force member

CH will be in compression

[tex]F_{GF}[/tex] Sinθ = 1500

[tex]F_{GF}[/tex] = 1500/Sinθ = 1500/4×5

[tex]F_{GF}[/tex] = 1875lb

[tex]F_{EF}[/tex] + [tex]F_{GF}[/tex] Cosθ = 0

[tex]F_{EF}[/tex] = -  [tex]F_{GF}[/tex] Cosθ

[tex]F_{EF}[/tex] = - 1875×3/5

[tex]F_{EF}[/tex] = - 1125lb

GF will be in tension and EF will be in compression.

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Complete question is attached below.

Answers:

Explanation:

The mass of the molecule of CO₂ is 5.04 kg

Avogadro's number represents the number of units in one mole of any substance. This has the value of 6.022 x 10²³units / mole.

It is used to make very large number easier to handle.

Firstly we will calculate the moles of CO₂

As, 6.022 x 10²³ molecules of  CO₂ is present in 1 mole of CO₂

So, 6.89 × 10²⁵  molecules of CO₂ present in  mole of  CO₂will be found as

6.89 × 10²⁵/6.022 x 10²³ = 114.4 moles of CO₂

Now we have to calculate the mass of  CO₂

mass = moles × molar mass

mass =114.4 moles× 44.01 g/mol

mass = 5.034 Kg

So it will be nearly equal to 5.04kg

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The partial pressure of Hi is mathematically P(HI)= 0.0135atm. Yes the reaction is in equilibrium.

The pressure exerted by an individual gas in a mixture is known as its partial pressure.

Each gas in a mixture adds to the overall pressure of the mixture. This portion represents the pressure. The pressure a gas would have if it were in its own volume and at its own temperature is known as the partial pressure.

Generally, the equation for the Reaction

H₂(g) +  I₂ (g )↔ 2HI(g)

Therefore

Kp₁ = P(HI)²/ p(H₂)×p(I₂)

Kp₁= (0.02)² / 0.958×0.877        

Kp₁= 4.8x10⁻⁴

And

Kp₂ = (0.110)²/ 0.617×0.617  

kp₂ = 0.0121 /0.380689        

Kp₂= 0.0317

Therefore, for the partial pressure of HI

4.8x10⁻⁴ = P(Hi)² / (0.617×0.617)

P(HI)= 0.0135atm

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The grams of ethane present in the sample is approximately,

m = 3.2051 unit.

The number of atoms, molecules, and ions that make up a material is measured in moles. Any atom has 6.022 x 1023 molecules in a mole. We use the mole to quantitatively determine the size of the tiniest entities, much as we use a standard value to compute various things, such as 1 dozen Equals 12 items.

So now,
Number of moles = mass of substance / Molar mass of the substance.
n=m/M
0.1066 = m / 30.067
Multiply both sides by 30.067.

0.1066 x 30.067 = ( m / 30.067 ) x 30.067.

m = 3.2051 unit.

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Chemists use the phrase, "like dissolves like" to describe how varying polarity causes molecules to interact with one another. Both polar and non-polar chemicals will dissolve in other polar and non-polar substances, respectively. Although compounds can have varying degrees of polarity, they are rarely completely polar or non-polar. Different molecules attract each other using different forces, which affects how well they dissolve in various solvents. It is feasible to separate mixtures into their individual components due to variations in solubility.

It is feasible to separate mixtures into their individual components due to variations in solubility. On the other hand, two phases will emerge if the solvent molecules have a significant attraction to one another but minimal affinity for the solute molecules. The well-known fact that oil and water do not mix, or if they do, do not mix for very long, is a typical illustration of the second scenario mentioned in the preceding sentence. Alkanes and other nonpolar molecules make up oil, but polar water molecules may create strong hydrogen bonds with one another.

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Answer:

C.the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of an object

Explanation:

This question can be viewed from two angles.

Mechanical energy is defined as the energy of an object in motion or the energy that is stored in objects according to their position.

Mechanical energy can also be defined algebraically as:

[tex]Energy_{Mechanical} = U + K[/tex]

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The mole ratio 2/3 describes 15 moles of oxygen is required to produce 10 moles of product.

In a balanced chemical reaction, the ratio of any two compounds' mole amounts—measured in moles—is known as the mole ratio. In the balance chemical equation, the ratios of the molecules required to complete the reaction are compared.

Given chemical reaction,

4Al + 3O₂ → 2Al₂O₃

As per the equation 2 moles of aluminum oxide produces 4moles of aluminum and 3 moles of Oxygen.

The ratio of Al to oxygen = 2moles/3moles = 2/3

no moles of oxygen × 2/3  = 10 moles of Al₂O₃

no moles of oxygen = 10 × 3/2

no moles of oxygen = 30/2

no moles of oxygen = 15.

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