Chemical reactions like Canizzaro reaction involves a chemical reaction which involves base-induced disproportionation of two molecules of non-enolizable aldehyde to give a primary alcohol and a carboxylic acid while Stephen reaction involves the preparation of aldehydes from nitriles using tin(II) chloride,hydrochloric acid and quenching the resulting iminium salt with water.
What is a chemical reaction?Chemical reactions are defined as reactions which occur when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance.Alternatively, when a substance breaks down or decomposes to give new substances it is also considered to be a chemical reaction.
There are several characteristics of chemical reactions like change in color, change in state , change in odor and change in composition . During chemical reaction there is also formation of precipitate an insoluble mass of substance or even evolution of gases.
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Consider the reaction.
PCl5(g)↽−−⇀PCl3(g)+Cl2(g)=0.042
The concentrations of the products at equilibrium are [PCl3]=0.28 M and [Cl2]=0.10 M .
What is the concentration of the reactant, PCl5 , at equilibrium?
Answer:
0.067 M
Explanation:
The given equilibrium concentrations of the products are [PCl3]=0.28 M and [Cl2]=0.10 M.
Substitute these values into the expression for Kc to find the equilibrium concentration of the reactant, PCl5:
Kc = (0.28 M)(0.10 M) / [PCl5] = 0.042
Solving for [PCl5], you get:
[PCl5] = (0.28 M)(0.10 M) / 0.042 = 0.067 M
Therefore, the concentration of the reactant, PCl5, at equilibrium is 0.067 M.
ATP is produced in some of the steps of the glycolytic pathway. For the reactions shown, which produce ATP?
a. Phosphoenolpyruvate → pyruvate
b. 1,3-biphosphoglycerate → 3-phosphoglycerate
c. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
d. Phosphoenolpyruvate → glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
The glycolytic process includes some phases where ATP is created. ATP is created from phosphoenolpyruvate.
b. 1,3-biphosphoglycerate → 3-phosphoglycerate - Produces 1 ATP
d. Phosphoenolpyruvate → glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate - Produces 1 ATP
During which steps of glycolysis is ATP produced?
The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate, which is then converted into energy and two ATPs (Glucose + two NAD+, two ADP, and two pi = two pyruvate, two NADH, two H+, two ATP, and two molecules of water). In order to phosphorylate, the hydroxyl groups are necessary.
Glycolysis uses glucose 6-phosphate as a particular type of glucose.
The glycolytic process includes some phases where ATP is created. ATP is created from phosphoenolpyruvate.
At the end of glycolysis, one glucose molecule produces four ATP molecules. There is a net gain of 2 ATP molecules as 2 ATP molecules are lost during the first stage of glycolysis. The creation of two NADH molecules occurs as a side effect of glycolysis.
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The speed of light is 3.0 x 10^8 m/s. If the distance from Earth to the Sun is 1.5 x 10^8 km, how many minutes does it take for light from the Sun to reach the Earth?
minutes
Your calculations, which are rather precise, indicate that the sun is 500 light seconds away. Light travels thousands of miles roundtrip (not quite 17m). You receive 3.6 round trips each hour, or 74 daily.
Answer:
about 8.3 minutes to reach the Earth
Explanation:
Draw the organic product of the two-step synthesis below. CH3CH2C=CH 1. NaNH2 2. PhCH2Br
The organic product of the two-step synthesis below is CH3CH2CH2CH2Br.
Step 1: NaNH2 reacts with CH3CH2C=CH to form CH3CH2CH2NH2
Step 2: PhCH2Br reacts with CH3CH2CH2NH2 to form CH3CH2CH2CH2Br.
What is synthesis?
synthesis is the process of combining two or more chemical elements or compounds to form a more complex product. Syntheses can involve a variety of techniques, such as combining two or more different molecules, or using chemical reactions to create new ones. It is an important process in the formation of many products, including drugs and other materials.
Therefore, The organic product of the two-step synthesis below is CH3CH2CH2CH2Br.
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A fluorescent dye has a molar absorptivity of 62,300 cm-1M-1 , at what concentrations would you estimate that the fluorescence signal will deviate from linearity? Assume a 1 cm pathlength.
1.6×10⁻⁵M is the concentrations at which the fluorescence signal will deviate from linearity when a fluorescent dye has a molar absorptivity of 62,300 cm⁻¹M⁻¹.
What is fluorescence?When a substance generates electromagnetic waves inside the longer wavelength range and makes them visible to the human eye, it is a fascinating occurrence. Let's first define fluorescence in order to comprehend this. This allows the substance to gently transition from the partly excited state to the ground state. Fluorescence is the term for this phenomena.
A= e×c×l
A= 1
e= 62,300 cm⁻¹M⁻¹
l= 1 cm
substituting all the given values in the above equation, we get
1= 62,300 cm⁻¹M⁻¹×c×1 cm
c=1.6×10⁻⁵M
Therefore, 1.6×10⁻⁵M is the concentrations at which the fluorescence signal will deviate from linearity.
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5. identify the most important types of intermolecular/particle forces present in the solids of each of the following substances. a. ar b. hcl c. hf d. cacl2 e. ch4 f. co g. nano3
It's important to note that the below are generalizations and that the nature of inter molecular forces can depend on many factors such as temperature, pressure, and the specific arrangement of the molecules.
What is most important type of inter molecular force that present in the solid?a. In solid argon (Ar), the most important type of intermolecular force is London Dispersion forces.b. In solid hydrochloric acid (HCl), the most important type of intermolecular force is dipole-dipole interactions.c. In solid hydrogen fluoride (HF), the most important type of intermolecular force is hydrogen bonding.d. In solid calcium chloride (CaCl2), the most important type of intermolecular force is ionic bonding.e. In solid methane (CH4), the most important type of intermolecular force is London Dispersion forces.f. In solid carbon monoxide (CO), the most important type of intermolecular force is London Dispersion forces.g. In solid nitric acid (HNO3) (Nano3), the most important type of inter molecular force is dipole-dipole interactions.To learn more about molecular particles refer:
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Consider the reaction shown.
4HCl(g)+O2(g)⟶2Cl2(g)+2H2O(g)
Calculate the number of grams of Cl2 formed when 0.460 mol HCl reacts with an excess of O2 .
Answer:
16.4 g of Cl2
Explanation:
4HCl(g) + O2(g) ⟶ 2Cl2(g) + 2H2O(g)
From the balanced equation, we know that for every 4 moles of HCl that react, 2 moles of Cl2 are formed. If we have 0.460 mol HCl, we can use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the number of moles of Cl2 that will be formed.
0.460 mol HCl x (2 mol Cl2/4 mol HCl) = 0.230 mol Cl2
To find the number of grams of Cl2, we can use the molar mass of Cl2 (70.906 g/mol) and multiply it by the number of moles we just calculated.
0.230 mol Cl2 x 70.906 g/mol = 16.4 g Cl2
So, 0.460 mol HCl reacts with an excess of O2 to form 16.4 g of Cl2.
which of the following are considered bases? select all that apply. multiple select question. Ba(OH)2 HCl NH3 HNO3 NaOH
Ba(OH)2 and NaOH are considered bases
Acids and bases are types of chemical compounds that have certain characteristics. Acids are compounds that donate hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water, and have a pH less than 7. Bases are compounds that accept hydrogen ions when dissolved in water, and have a pH greater than 7. They are opposite in nature and neutralize each other.The strongest acid is fluoroantimonic acid, HSbF6. It has a scale-topping Hammett acidity function (H0) value of -18.3. The strongest base is lithium diisopropylamide (LDA), which has a basicity of around -3.5. However, it's important to note that these substances are extremely reactive and dangerous to handle, and are mainly used in laboratory settings.
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the synthesis above can be performed with some combination of the reagents listed below. give the necessary reagents in the correct order, as a string of letters (without spaces or punctuation). be sure to consider stereochemistry and regiochemistry. a. hbr b. br2, ccl4 c. nac2h d. h2, lindlar e. 9-bbn then h2o2, naoh f. hg(oac)2, h2o then nabh4 g. o3, then water h. xs nanh2, then water
The correct order of the reagents for synthesis of given product is B, H, G.
Chemical synthesis is a process that involves the construction of complex chemical compounds from simpler ones. It is also defined as the process by which many substances which are important to daily life are obtained effectively. Usually it is applied to all types of chemical compounds, but most syntheses that are carried out are organic molecules.
Reagent is defined as a substance that is used to carry out a laboratory test. It may be used in a chemical reaction to detect, measure, or make other substances. When the compound undergoes continuous conversions under the influence of different reagents a new product is formed. The synthesis is given in the image.
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How many significant figures are in each of the following measured quantities? Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins. Help B0 610 000 40C 5.0 x 10-L 15.70L 200686 One TWO Three Four Five So ws
4.0*10^(-3)L have 2SF, 3.004.0*10^(-3) L has two (SF), 3.00m has three, 50.100,000g has eight, 9018.17kg has six, 80.10 mL has four, and 60.4 degrees Celsius has three. Significant figures are used to construct the number that is provided as digits.
These digits carry a meaningful representation of the numerals. Figures are frequently replaced with meaningful numbers. We can find the number of significant digits by adding up all the values starting with the first non-zero digit on the left. For instance, 12.45 has four important digits. The significant figures of a number are the important or critical digits that correctly convey the meaning of that number. For instance, the number 6.658 has four significant digits. The statistics' precision comes from these enormous sums.
4.0*10^(-3)L have 2SF, 3.00m have 3SF, 50.100,000g have 8SF, 9018.17kg have 6SF, 80.10 mL have 4SF, 60.4degreeC have 3SF.
complete question:How many significant figures are in each of the following measured quantities?
Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.
4.0*10^(-3)L, 3.00m, 50.100,000g, 9018.17kg ,80.10 mL ,60.4degreeC
1SF ,2SF ,3SF, 4SF, 5SF, 6SF, 8SF
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if the initial and re-test of total chlorine from the primary carbon tank sample testing port shows a result greater than 0.1ppm, then the teammate should understand:
Testing is performed after the secondary carbon filter.
What is carbon?
Carbon is the 15th most abundant element in the Earth's crust and the fourth most abundant element in the universe by mass, after hydrogen, helium and oxygen. Carbon's abundance, its unique diversity of organic compounds, and its unusual ability to form polymers at temperatures normally found on Earth allow this element to serve as a common element of all known life. It is the second most abundant element in the human body by weight (about 18.5%) after oxygenTo know more about carbon, click the link given below:
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A student writes the chemical equation of the reaction between lead and copper chloride. Pb(s) + CuCl₂(aq) →PbCl₂(aq) + Cu(s) Which option explains the reason for the formation of lead chloride? copper is more reactive than lead lead is less reactive than copper lead and copper are equally reactive lead is more reactive than copper
As a result of the reaction between lead powder and chlorine gas, solid copper is removed from copper in this displacement process.
A displacement reaction takes place when lead powder is added to a copper chloride solution, resulting in the formation of solid copper.
Lead chloride is created when lead is chlorided.
The lead atom displaces the copper atom in copper chloride, resulting in the production of copper and lead chloride.
As a result, this reaction is also known as a displacement reaction.
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name the following compound. group of answer choices 2,5-dibromobenzene 3,6-dibromobenzene 1,4-dibromobenzene 2,5-dibromocyclohexene 1,4-bromocyclohexene
Naming of the following compound is given below.
What is chemical compound?A chemical compound is a substance composed of two or more elements in a fixed ratio. Chemical compounds can be formed when atoms of two or more elements combine chemically. Examples of chemical compounds include water (H2O), table salt (NaCl), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Compounds are usually identified by their chemical formula, which describes the ratio of atoms present.
2,5-Dibromobenzene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with two bromine atoms bonded to the two carbon atoms in the center of the ring.
3,6-Dibromobenzene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with two bromine atoms bonded to the two carbon atoms at either end of the ring.
1,4-Dibromobenzene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with two bromine atoms bonded to the two carbon atoms located adjacent to each other in the center of the ring.
2,5-Dibromocyclohexene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with two bromine atoms bonded to the two carbon atoms located across from each other in the middle of the ring.
1,4-Bromocyclohexene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with one bromine atom bonded to the two carbon atoms located adjacent to each other in the center of the ring.
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A metal sample weighs 6.49 x 10-2 lb, is 0.925 in long, 0.0134 m wide, and 3.44 x 10-2 ft thick. The density of the metal is _______ g/cm3.
Density is an intensive property as it does not depend on the quantity of the substances Whereas mass and volume are extensive property. Therefore, the density of the metal is 6.905g/cm³.
What is density?Density tells about the compactness of the substances, how much dense is the substances in other words. Object that is more denser than water they just sink in the water.
Mathematically,
Density = Mass of the metal ball ÷volume marked on the graduated cylinder
mass =2943.8g
volume= length ×breadth ×height
=0.925×0.0134 ×0.0344
=0.00042m³
=426.3cm³
density= mass/ volume
=2943.8g/426.3cm³
=6.905g/cm³
Therefore, the density of the metal is 6.905g/cm³.
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At 25°C, KP. = 2.9 x 10-3 for the reaction NH4OCONH2(s) ⇌ 2NH3(g) + CO2(g) In an experiment carried out at 25•c, a certain amount of NH4OCONH2 is placed in an evacuated rigid container and allowed to come to equilibrium. Calculate the total pressure in the container at equilibrium.
The total pressure of for the reaction NH4OCONH2(s) ⇌ 2NH3(g) + CO2(g) In an experiment carried out at 25•c, a certain amount of NH4OCONH2 in the container at equilibrium is
as Kp = [PNH3]2 [Pco2]
PNH3--> is the partial pressure of NH3 = P* XNH3
Pco2--> i is the parital pressure of co2 = P*Xco2
where p--> total pressure
XNH3=2/3,Xco2=1/3 --> are mole fractions of NH3 , CO2 respectively
2.9 *10^(-3)=[2/3 P]2 [1/3P]
P= [(27*2.9*10^(-3))/4](1/3)
=0.2695 atm
All pressures present in a reference system are added together to get the total pressure, or ptot. Bernoulli (see Fluid mechanics) defined this pressure as the sum of the static pressure (p), dynamic pressure (pdyn), and geodetic component (g, z) that exist in a fluid along a stream line in a frictionless flow.
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In chronic respiratory acidosis, the kidneys compensate by doing which of the following? You may select more than one answer. Choose all that apply. A) Excretion of bicarbonate B) Increased production of ammonia C) Secretion of H+ into renal tubular fluid
In chronic respiratory acidosis, the kidneys compensate by doing excretion of bicarbonate and increased production of ammonia.
What is bicarbonate?
Bicarbonate is a salt compound composed of sodium and bicarbonate ions. It is also known as baking soda or sodium bicarbonate and is widely used in a variety of applications. In the kitchen, it is used as a leavening agent in baking, and it is also used as a gentle cleaning agent for surfaces and cookware. Bicarbonate is also used in the production of soaps, detergents, and various other products. In the medical field, bicarbonate is used as an antacid to treat acid reflux and other digestive problems. It is also an important electrolyte and acid-base buffer in the body, helping to regulate the pH of the blood.
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(04.03 hc) what is cellular respiration? use complete sentences to explain how the mass of carbon is conserved during cellular respiration.
The cellular respiration is the process where the chemical reactions takes place to break down the glucose to produce the ATP.
The reaction of cellular respiration is given as :
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ ---> 6CO₂ + 6 H₂O
The mass of carbon is conserved during cellular respiration. The law of conservation of mass states that the mass is conserved throughout the reaction.
reactant products
C 6 6
O 12 12
H 18 18
The mass of the carbon conserver during the reaction. The reaction is balanced as the number of atoms in the reactant side equals to the product side.
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?BaF2 + ?K3PO4→ ?Ba3(PO4)2 + ?KF
How many grams of KF could be produced using 0.25 moles of BaF2?
____________g of KF
1. The balanced equation for the reaction is:
3BaF₂ + 2K₃PO₄ -> Ba₃(PO₄)₂ + 6KF
2. The mass of KF produced using 0.25 mole of BaF₂ is 29 grams
1. How do I write the balanced equation?The balancing of chemical equation is simply done by doing a head count of the different species and ensuring they are balanced on either sides of the equation.
Thus the balanced equation for the reaction is given as shown below:
3BaF₂ + 2K₃PO₄ -> Ba₃(PO₄)₂ + 6KF
2. How do I determine the mass of KF produced?First, we shall obtain the moles of KF produced. This is shown below:
3BaF₂ + 2K₃PO₄ -> Ba₃(PO₄)₂ + 6KF
From the balanced equation above,
3 moles of BaF₂ reacted to produce 6 moles of KF
Therefore,
0.25 mole of BaF₂ will react to produce = (0.25 × 6) / 3 = 0.5 mole of KF
Finally, we shall determine the mass of KF produced. Details below:
Mole of KF = 0.5 moleMolar mass of KF = 39 + 19 = 58 g/moleMass of KF =?Mole = mass / molar mass
0.5 = Mass of KF / 58
Cross multiply
Mass of KF = 0.5 × 58
Mass of KF = 29 grams
Thus, the mass of KF produced is 29 grams
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What is the oxidation number of the manganese atom (Mn) in this compound?
MnO₂
+2
O +4
O4
The correct answer is B) +4. This is because the oxidation number of the manganese atom (Mn) in MnO₂ is +4.
What is oxidation number?The oxidation number of an atom is a number assigned to an element in a chemical compound that indicates the total number of electrons that an atom has lost or gained. Oxidation numbers are typically written with a plus or minus sign to indicate whether an atom has lost or gained electrons. Oxidation numbers can be used to determine the type of reaction taking place in a chemical reaction and the type of bonds formed. Oxidation numbers are also useful for recognizing the oxidation state of an element in a compound. The oxidation number of an atom in its elemental form is always zero.
This is because the oxidation number of oxygen (O) is always -2, and the oxidation number of the compound must add up to 0. Therefore, the oxidation number of Mn must be +4 in order for the compound to have an overall charge of 0.
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Which of the following is most likely to produce a spontaneous reaction?
A. Negative enthalpy
B. Positive enthalpy
C. Negative Entropy
D. Positive Entropy
E. Negative Enthalpy and positive Entropy
E. Negative Enthalpy and positive Entropy, A spontaneous reaction is most likely to occur when negative enthalpy and positive entropy are present.
A spontaneous reaction is one that favours the creation of products under the reaction's current circumstances. A blaze that is raging and exothermic is an illustration of a spontaneous reaction (there is a decrease in the energy of the system as energy is released to the surroundings as heat). An uninterrupted spontaneous reaction takes place under a certain set of circumstances. With the aid of outside factors like heat or energy, the non-spontaneous reaction occurs. Chemical or biological events that happen on their own, unaffected by extraneous forces or influences, are referred to as spontaneous reactions.
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for example, in europe, a ban on single-use plastic items such as cutlery, plates, straws, and stir sticks took effect in 2021. this directive is expected to reduce the consumption of these items by around 6.8 billion per year and prevent the release of around 3.4 million tons of co2.
The European Union's ban on single-use plastic items is a major step forward in the fight against plastic pollution . It is estimated that this directive will reduce plastic consumption by 6.8 billion items annually and prevent the emission of 3.4 million tons of CO2.
What is the plastic ?
Plastic is a synthetic or semi-synthetic material made from a wide range of organic polymers compounds. It is typically a lightweight, durable, and malleable material used in a variety of items, such as packaging, consumer goods, industrial products, and construction materials. The versatility of plastic materials has allowed them to become a ubiquitous part of daily life, while also contributing to environmental concerns due to the production and disposal of plastic waste. Plastic materials can be divided into two main categories based on their properties: thermoplastics and thermosets. Thermoplastics are soft and can be melted and reshaped when heated, while thermosets remain rigid after curing, forming a permanent shape.
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A student calculates the time taken (in minutes) for the light from the sun to reach the Earth. e sun is 93 million miles away (1 mile 1.609 km) and the speed of light is 3.00 x 108 m/s. The calculation is set up as follows:8.3 min, since 9.3 x 10^7 has 2 significant figures 8.313, since 1.609 has 4 significant figures 8 min, since there is only 1 significant figure in 60 s 8.31 min, since 3.00 x 10° has 3 significant figurts
The 8.3 min, since 9.3*10^7 has two significant figures.
What is mass ?
A rough estimate of how much material is contained or makes up a physical body. The mass of an object affects its inertia and, subsequently, the force required to accelerate it according to classical mechanics, which is why Newton's equations of motion depend on mass.
What is speed ?
A change in position direction or speed for an object. How quickly anything moves depends on the distance traveled and the time required to cover that distance. Speed is a scalar quantity, having only a direction and no magnitude.
Therefore, 8.3 min, since 9.3*10^7 has two significant figures.
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A closed sample of gas occupies 1.80 L at 212K. It is expanded to 2.70 L at constant pressure. What is it’s new temperature?
Using Charles's law, it’s new temperature is 318K.
According to Charles' law, with constant pressure, the volume of an ideal gas increases in direct proportion to the absolute temperature. The law also stipulates that when the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is held constant, the Kelvin temperature and the volume will be in direct proportion.
Charles' law states that, if the pressure is constant, the volume occupied by a fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
According to Charles's law,
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Given,
V1 = 1.80L
V2 = 2.70L
T1 = 212k
T2 = ?
Putting above values in the formula,
⇒ 1.80 / 212 = 2.70 / T2
⇒ T2 = 318K
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Which of the following chemical exposure factors relates to how a seemingly small exposure can be extremely toxic, even deadly?1. Route of exposure2. Toxicity, or lvel of harm posed by a chemical3. Hazard class4. How many pictograms are present on the label
(2) Toxicity, or level of harm posed by a chemical shows how a seemingly small exposure can be extremely toxic or even deadly.
Toxicity is a chemical property that describes a substance's ability to negatively disintegrate another chemical or biological environment. Any oxidizing agent that causes corrosion on a metallic surface acts as a toxin in relation to the substrate and environment.
Organic or inorganic substances called corrosion inhibitors are used to prevent corrosion on metallic surfaces by establishing a protective coating on the surface. These inhibitors or other chemicals (such coatings or solvents) used to cure or prevent corrosion may occasionally be released into the environment as waste products. They then cause pollution and have chemically unstable characteristics, which make them toxic to living things. These chemical compounds break down into various forms in water, air, and oil. When possible, less harmful corrosion inhibitors ought to be utilized.
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Select the equation that has the following mole ratio:
2:6:2:3
a
Li3PO4 + 3KCl → 3LiCl + K3PO4
b
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
c
Na2O + CaCl2 → 2NaCl + CaO
d
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
The chemical equation which has the given mole ratio is 2 Al + 6 HCl → 2 AlCl₃ + 3 H₂.
What is chemical equation?Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .
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3.3L of a gas is collected at 40 degrees c. What will its volume be if it is heated up to 57 degrees C
Considering the Charles' law, the volume if it is heated up to 57 degrees C will be 3.48 L.
Charles' lawCharles' law establishes the relationship between the volume and the temperature of a gas sample at constant pressure: when the temperature is increased, the volume of the gas also increases and when the temperature is decreased, the volume decreases.
That is, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas and is expressed mathematically as:
V÷T= k
where
V is the volume.T is the temperature.k is a constant.Analyzing an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:
V₁÷T₁= V₂÷T₂
Final volume in this caseIn this case, you know:
V₁= 3.3 LT₁= 40 °C= 313 K (being 0 °C= 273 K)V₂= ?T₂= 57 °C= 330 KReplacing in Charles' Law:
3.3 L÷ 313 K= V₂÷ 330 K
Solving:
(3.3 L÷ 313 K)× 330 K= V₂
3.48 L= V₂
Finally, the final volume will be 3.48 L.
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FILL IN THE BLANK Using the following general equation for a nuclear reaction, complete the statements below.
The atomic number for Uranium is____ .
The mass of the reactant neutron is___ .
The atomic mass for Krypton is ___ .
There are ___ Barium neutrons.
The number of neutrons this reaction emits is ___ .
The atomic number for Uranium is 92. The mass of the reactant neutron is 1.00 amu. The atomic mass for Krypton is 36. There are naturally 81 Barium neutrons. The number of neutrons this reaction emits is 3.
Since uranium atoms all have 92 protons, they all have the same atomic number.
The neuron has one neuronic mass (the mass of one neutron - hence the subscript 0 because this generally describes the number of protons present).
The mass number of an atom is the sum of its protons and neutrons in its nucleus. This mass number is usually demonstrated as a superscript on the element symbol.
To get the number of neutrons in an isotope, we have to subtract the mass number from the atomic number.
The number of neutrons emitted is 3 because the number in front of an element symbol in a reaction indicates the amount of that element in that reaction (in moles) (either in the reactants or products side).
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To determine whether a chirality center is in the R or S configuration, start by mentally turning the molecule so that the lowest priority substituent usually a (Choose: Fluorine, Carbon, Hydrogen), is pointing (Choose: Forward, Backward, Down, Up). Then, rank the remaining substituents from highest priority, which corresponds to (choose: highest atomic number, longest chain, lowest atomic number, shortest chain), to lowest priority. If the substituents decrease priority in a (Choose: horizontal, counterclockwise, clockwish, vertical) order, the configuration is R. If the substituents decrease in priority in a (Choose: counterclockwise, Horizontal, Vertical, Clockwish) order, the configuration is S.
To determine whether a chirality center is in the R or S configuration, the spatial arrangement of each atom must be determined.
The structures are a non-superimposable mirror image stereochemical label that is used to indicate the relative spatial orientation of each atom in a molecule.
R indicates that a clockwise circular arrow going from higher priority to lower priority crosses over the lowest priority substituent, which is in the back. The R and S stereoisomers are non-superimposable mirror images, which means they do not become the same molecule when reflected on a mirror plane.
When you label a molecule as R or S, the chiral priorities of each substituents are considered.
Some general methods for determining priorities are:
The higher the atomic number of the directly attached atom, the higher the priority.If two substituents have the same first atom, the atomic number of the atom attached to the one is considered in step 1.If the overall substituents are too similar, a higher number of same-atom branches determines higher priority (e.g. isopropyl has higher priority than ethyl).Learn more about stereochemical label here:
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Assuming all other conditions remain the same, which of the following will cause an object's density to increase?A) Its mass increasesB) its volume increasesC) its atoms move togetherD) all of the above
Density of an object will increase if its mass is increases or if its atoms move together.
What is density?
Density is defined as the mass of an object per unit volume and is calculated by dividing the mass of the object by its volume.
So, if the mass of the object increases while the volume remains constant, the density will increase. This is because the mass per unit volume will be greater.
On the other hand, if the volume of the object increases while the mass remains constant, the density will decrease. This is because the mass per unit volume will be smaller.
Finally, if the atoms of the object move closer together, the volume of the object will decrease and therefore the density will increase.
Therefore, option A) Its mass increases and C) its atoms move together will cause an object's density to increase. Option B) its volume increases will cause density to decrease.
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modify isoleucine to show its structure at ph 1 and ph 13. modify each amino acid by adding or removing atoms or bonds and by adding charges where appropriate.
Isoleucine is an amino acid that has the following structure at a pH of 1:
What is isoleucine?
Isoleucine is an essential amino acid, which means that the human body cannot produce it and it must be obtained through diet. Isoleucine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are commonly found in proteins. It has a specific chemical structure of H3N-C(CH3)3-COOH. Isoleucine has an aliphatic side chain with a branched carbon skeleton.
H3N-C(CH3)3-COOH
At a pH of 1, isoleucine is in its acidic form, with a carboxyl group (-COOH) that is ionized and carries a negative charge. This ionization occurs when a hydrogen ion (H+) is removed from the carboxyl group, making it -COO-.
At a pH of 13, isoleucine is in its basic form, with a carboxyl group (-COOH) that is fully ionized and carries a negative charge. This ionization occurs when a hydrogen ion (H+) is removed from the carboxyl group, making it -COO-.
To show the structure of isoleucine at a pH of 1:
H3N-C(CH3)3-COO-
To show the structure of isoleucine at a pH of 13:
H3N-C(CH3)3-COO-
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