3. solution a has a hydronium ion concentration of 4.1 x 10-8m. solution b has a hydronium ion concentration of 1.9 x 10-4m. a. which solution has the greater hydronium ion concentration? b. which solution has the greater ph?

Two factors determine how strong the coulombic attraction is: the dimensions of an atom. the atom's overall charge.

Why do smaller ions coulombically attract water more strongly than larger ions?

using the law of Coulomb. The water molecules find it more difficult to separate the ions from one another the smaller the ions are and the closer together they are. The more charged the ions are, the more difficult it is for the water to also remove them.

How does the size of an atom change due to coulombic attraction?

The atomic radius will shrink when the valence electrons are drawn in closer to the nucleus due to a higher force of attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons.

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In the plot to determine Avogadro's number, the x-axis should be moles of electrons and the y-axis should be number of electrons. The best-fit line's slope should equal Avogadro's number.

The mass and quantity of chemical substances are related by a number of international accords. These include the definitions of Avogadro's number and the mole as well as the atomic mass scale. The agreement that one atom of 12C will have an exact relative atomic mass of 12 forms the basis for the atomic mass scale. Avogadro's number must be calculated experimentally by some way of calculating the number of entities in a mole because it cannot be calculated from solely theoretical considerations.

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The reactants are in the aqueous phase, while the product is in the solid phase and water is in the liquid phase.

Aqueous phase is a term used to describe a solution in which water is the solvent. This type of solution is commonly used in chemistry, as water is an excellent solvent for many different types of compounds. In an aqueous solution, the molecules of the solute are dissolved into the water molecules and are then evenly distributed throughout the solution. This process is driven by the strong intermolecular forces between water molecules, which allows them to attract and form strong bonds with other molecules.

Mo^3+(aq) + 3e⁻ → Mo(s)
The balanced redox reaction takes place in an acidic solution, so H+ ions are also consumed in the process. Therefore, the balanced equation is:
Mo^3+(aq) + 3H+(aq) + 3e⁻ → Mo(s) + 3H2O(l)
The reactants are in the aqueous phase, while the product is in the solid phase and water is in the liquid phase.

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Plasma is a state of matter. It was once considered as a subset of gas. But it is an entirely different state with its own characteristics.

Plasma is superhot, so that all the atoms are ripped apart from its electrons and is in an ionized state. But gas particle contains mostly neutral particles of the gas. Like we heat a liquid to produce gas, we heat gas to form plasma.

Plasma can conduct electricity due to the presence of charged particles. Plasma can be held in a place by using magnetic forces. By disturbing the magnetic field inside the plasma it emits a wave called Alfven wave, which is only characteristic to plasma.

The charged particles moves at high speed towards the poles of the magnetic field and due to its collision with each other, excites gases like nitrogen and oxygen and emits neon like lights. Most plasma's are not dense enough for particles to collide with each other, this is where electrical and magnetic field comes to play.

So plasma is formed from superheated gases, which have ionized particles, rather than neutral atoms, which are less denser, conductive, and in presence of electrical or magnetic field, emits waves that are characteristic only to plasma.

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NaCl is an ionic compound, as stated in the second sentence on each of the substances.

Intermolecular forces operate between molecules. In contrast, intramolecular pressures are produced by molecules themselves. Intermolecular forces are less powerful than intramolecular forces. Intermolecular forces include the Interatomic force, particle contact, ion-dipole involvement, and interactions by van der Waals to name a few.

The two primary categories of intermolecular interactions are attracting forces as well as repulsive forces. Electrostatic forces are principally responsible for the attraction. The connection between four or more material elements, nevertheless, could also be caused by other factors.

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1 mole of argon and 16.0g of oxygen gas has 6.02 x 10^23 atoms. Thus Option A and Option D are the answers.

A mole is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to represent the amount of a substance. It is defined as the number of entities (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) in a substance that is equal to Avogadro's number, which is 6.02 x 10^23.

This number is the same for any substance, regardless of its atomic or molecular weight. The mole is used to convert between mass and number of atoms or molecules.

For example, 1 mole of a substance contains 6.02 x 10^23 atoms or molecules, and the mass of 1 mole of a substance is its molar mass, which can be found from its chemical formula or atomic weight. In the case of the options presented, 1 mole of argon and 16.0g of oxygen gas both contains 6.02 x 10^23 atoms, which is the Avogadro's number.

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Answer:

Explanation:

163mL

Answer:

Unlike protons and neutrons, which are located inside the nucleus at the center of the atom, electrons are found outside the nucleus. Because opposite electric charges attract each other, negative electrons are attracted to the positive nucleus.

The wavelength of photon capable of ionizing a hydrogen atom from its ground state = 91.2 nm

The energy of a hydrogen atom in its ground state = -13.6 eV.

So to ionize the atom we have to provide at least 13.6 eV of energy.

Converting eV to Joules,

Energy, E = 13.6 × 1.6 ×10⁻¹⁸ = 2.18 × 10⁻¹⁸ J

From Plank's quantum theory, E = hυ

          h is the plank's constant

          υ is the frequency.

Also  c = υλ

        λ = c/υ,    λ is the wavelength,

                         c is the velocity of light in vaccum

                        υ is the frequency.

By combining both equations, E = hc/λ

                                                   λ = hc/E

                                                     = (6.63× 10⁻³⁴ )×(3×10⁸)/(2.18×10⁻¹⁸)

                                                     = 9.12 ×10⁻⁸ m

                                                    = 91.2 nm

So the wavelength of photon required to ionize hydrogen atom is 91.2nm

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The one among the following aqueous salts will electrolysis produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is the B) NaF.

The electrolysis is the process in which the electricity to split the water in to the hydrogen and the oxygen is takes place. The decomposing of the ionic compounds in to the elements by passing through the electricity.

The reaction at the cathode : 2H⁺ + 2e⁻  -->   H₂

The reaction at the anode : 2H₂O ---->   O₂  +   4H⁺  +  4e⁻

The hydrogen gas is liberated at the cathode. The Oxygen gas is liberated at the anode.

Thus, the correct option is B) NaF.

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The statement that is not a step used for the balancing chemical equations is : a. always change subscripts to balance an equation.

The steps used for the balancing  chemical equation is given as :

The equation is said to be balanced when the number of the atom in the product side is equals to the number of the atoms in the products side.

Thus, the incorrect statement is always change subscripts to balance an equation.

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The potential energy of CO2 just increases.

Potential energy is the energy that exists in an object because of the object's location in a force field.

The elements that influence the existence of potential energy are gravity, the mass of objects, and the height of objects.

The characteristics of potential energy are as follows.

- Every object that has gravitational potential energy can do work or work, if the object is towards the surface of the Earth.

- Potential energy is affected by the acceleration due to gravity and the height of the object.

- The higher and the greater the mass of an object, the greater the potential energy.

- If the object is above the ground, then the potential energy is zero.

- Potential energy possessed by objects because of their position relative to the earth.

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Answer:4.7374*10^23 atoms

Explanation:

Number of atoms in 144.6g tungsten,

Moles=Given mass/molecular mass

n=144.6/183.84

n=0.7865

Number of atoms=n*Na

Number of atoms=0.7865*6.023*10^23

Number of atoms=4.7374*10^23

Ionic - CaO, NaCl, KF, CsBr

Polar covalent - HBr, HCI, BrF

Nonpolar covalent - O2, Br2, N2

The entire transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms is referred to as an ionic bond. It is a kind of chemical connection that produces two ions with opposing charges. In ionic bonding, the nonmetal takes the lost electrons to form a negatively charged anion while the metal loses them to become a positively charged cation.

In most cases, ionic compounds are created when a metal reacts with a nonmetal (or a polyatomic ion). The reaction between two nonmetals produces covalent compounds. Binary compounds containing hydrogen are typically covalent compounds since hydrogen is a nonmetal.

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Answer:

Explanation:

15.0 mL of vinegar is equivalent to 15.0 g of vinegar, since the density of vinegar is 1.0 g/mL. Vinegar is composed of mostly acetic acid (CH3COOH) and water. The density of acetic acid is 1.05 g/mL, so 15.0 mL of vinegar is equivalent to approximately 14.3 g of acetic acid.

The balanced equation for the reaction between sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and acetic acid is:

NaHCO3 + CH3COOH → NaCH3COO + H2O + CO2

For every mole of acetic acid, we need one mole of sodium bicarbonate. We can use the molar mass of acetic acid (60.05 g/mol) and sodium bicarbonate (84.01 g/mol) to calculate the amount of baking soda needed.

14.3 g of acetic acid x (1 mol/60.05 g) = 0.238 mol acetic acid

0.238 mol acetic acid x (84.01 g/mol) = 19.9 g baking soda

Therefore, 19.9 g of baking soda is needed to react with the 15.0 g of acetic acid in 15.0 mL of vinegar.

Sort the atoms in order of proximity to one another. The atom with the lowest group number should be positioned in the middle since it has the lowest electronegativity. If the group number of two atoms is the same

Of Lewis structures, the valence electrons of the atoms in a molecule are shown. They are also known as electron dot structures or Lewis dot structures.

The valence electrons of atoms and molecules are easier to visualize using these Lewis symbols and structures. An extremely simplified representation of a molecule's valence shell electrons is provided by a Lewis Structure. It serves to illustrate how certain atoms are surrounded by electrons in a molecule.

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Sea level rise, ocean heat waves, coral bleaching, and the melting of ocean-terminating glaciers and ice sheets around Greenland and Antarctica are all effects of rising ocean heat content.

About 90% of the heat produced by growing emissions has already been absorbed by the ocean as of today. Unprecedented cascade repercussions result from the ocean's temperature shift as a result of the extra heat and energy.

Sea surface temperatures are rising and the sea level is rising as a result of the oceans absorbing more heat as a result of greenhouse gas emissions. Climate patterns will shift as a result of changes in ocean temperatures and currents brought on by climate change.

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The effect of the radial nodes on the orbital contours is illustrated in the following representation of this orbital, 5dx2â'y2, shown when it is divided by the xy plane.

True: A, C, and E

False: B, D

An atomic orbital is a function that describes the position and wave-like behavior of an electron in an atom in terms of both atomic theory and quantum mechanics. This function can be used to determine the likelihood of discovering any atom's electron in any particular area surrounding the nucleus. A three-dimensional representation of an electron's most likely position within an atom is called an orbital. The probability of discovering an electron near a hydrogen atom's nucleus is depicted in the diagram below. The 1s orbital has the highest probability, as you can see.

Here,

The following illustration of this orbital, 5dx2â'y2, shown when it is divided by the xy plane, shows how the radial nodes affect the orbital contours.

True: A, C, and E

False: B, D

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Al2O3 does not use Greek prefixes since it is an ionic compound, while N2O3 does use Greek prefixes since it is a molecular compound.

A molecular compound is a chemical compound consisting of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share one or more of their electrons with another atom in order to complete their outer electron shell.

The main difference between Al2O3 (aluminum oxide) and N2O3 (dinitrogen trioxide) is that Al2O3 is an ionic compound (made up of charged ions) and N2O3 is a molecular compound (made up of covalently bonded molecules). Therefore, the naming conventions for these two types of compounds are different. For ionic compounds, the name includes the names of the cation and anion (aluminum and oxide, respectively) and their charges (Al2+ and O3-). For molecular compounds, the prefixes are taken from the Greek language to indicate the number of atoms of each element in the molecule (di- for two nitrogen atoms and tri- for three oxygen atoms). Therefore, Al2O3 does not use Greek prefixes since it is an ionic compound, while N2O3 does use Greek prefixes since it is a molecular compound.

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He (c). He has the highest average kinetic energy per mole at 298 K.

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. It is energy that an object has because of its motion. Kinetic energy can be found in both moving objects and particles, such as a ball rolling down a hill, a car moving down a highway, or electrons moving around an atom. Kinetic energy is determined by the mass of the object and its velocity.

Because it has the most number of atoms per mole compared to the other gases listed (2 atoms per mole for He, compared to 2 atoms per mole for H2, 16 atoms per mole for H2O, and 32 atoms per mole for CO2). The higher number of atoms per mole means more kinetic energy per mole, resulting in He having the highest average kinetic energy per mole.

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To balance the redox reaction in basic solution between cyanide and silver, first write the unbalanced equation containing all the reactants and products of the chemical reaction.

Ag(s) + CN-(aq) + O2(aq) → Ag(CN)2- + OH-(aq)

Subsequently, the redox reaction is divided into partial reactions, that is, the oxidation and reduction reactions are indicated, determining the oxidation numbers of each atom that appears in the reaction.

Ag0 + C+2N-3- + O02 → Ag+1(C+2N-3)2- + O-2H+1-

The redox pairs of all atoms that have been oxidized and all atoms that have been reduced are then identified.

Subsequently, the redox couples combine in two partial reactions: one oxidation and one reduction.

Then the atoms in the partial equations are balanced by adding the appropriate coefficient in front of the formula.

Ag0 + 2CN- → Ag+1(C+2N-3)2- + e-

Next, the number of electrons lost and received is equalized, we will multiply the two equations by the factor that will give the least common multiplier.

Add the partial equations so that on one side are all the products and on the other are all the reactants.

4Ag0 + O02 + 8CN- + 4e- + 4H2O → 4Ag+1(C+2N-3)2- + 2H+12O-2 + 4e- + 4OH-

The equation is reduced by dividing by the greatest common divisor so that the coefficients are the minimum possible.

4Ag0 + O02 + 8CN- + 2H2O → 4Ag+1(C+2N-3)2- + 4OH-

Finally, the balance of charges and elements is verified.

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I2 plus 2 S2O3-2 —> 2 I-1 pb(ii S4O6-2 13.82 mL using 0.07203 during i2+na2s2o3 titration Naoh Quantity of moles of Na2S2O3 was necessary for such wheat indicator end point.

incorrectly drawn border The margins are frequently jagged, serrated, or fuzzy in shape. The adjacent skin may become impregnated with the pigment. color imbalance: Tan, brown, or black colors may be present in varying shades. There could also be spots of white, grey, red, pinkish, and blue color.

The skin normally contains melanocytes all over it. They create melan, the pigment whose naturally imparts color to the skin.

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The majority of water's life-supporting qualities are explained by its polarity and the hydrogen bonds that connect its molecules.

A molecule is the smallest unit of any substance that is capable of existing on its own while maintaining all of the substance's physical and chemical characteristics. A molecule can be made up of one or more components. Atoms can be separated much further from molecules. For instance, oxygen atoms and molecules are denoted by the letters O and O2, respectively.

To create molecules, atoms combine. Two hydro (H) atoms or one oxygen (O) atom make up a water molecule's three atoms. H2O is a common abbreviation for water because of this. Millions of water molecules make up a single drop of liquid.

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Answer: The concentration fluctuates between high and low during the reaction.

Explanation: In a chemical reaction, the reactants are converted into products and the concentrations of the species involved in the reaction change over time. The proposed mechanism describes how the reaction occurs, and it can give an insight into how the concentrations of the species change during the reaction.

When the reaction starts, the concentration of reactants is high, and the concentration of products is low. As the reaction progresses, the reactants are consumed, and the products are formed. The concentration of reactants decreases, and the concentration of products increases.

At some point, the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction, and the reaction reaches equilibrium. At equilibrium, the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant, and the reaction proceeds at a steady state.

Therefore, based on the proposed mechanism, the concentration of the species represented in the equation fluctuates between high and low during the reaction, as the reactants are consumed, and the products are formed, until reaching the equilibrium state.

Answer:The atoms of metallic elements are different from the atoms of non metals or metalloids base on the outer electron/ valency electrons and the its bonding pattern.

The atoms of different metals varies in it ability to bond quickly.

The atoms of metallic elements are different from the atoms of non metals or metalloids base on the outer electron/ valency electrons and how it bonds.

Metallic atoms have very few electrons in the outermost shell. The valency electrons of this metallic atoms are few and are easily lost during bonding. They have the ability to release there valency electrons easily. Example of this metals are sodium, potassium , calcium etc.

On the other hand non metallic elements have numerous electron in the outermost shell and easily receive electron during bonding. Example are chlorine, fluorine, oxygen etc.The metalloid atoms like silicon and germanium have an average number of electron in their outermost shell. They are in between.

The atoms of different metals varies in it ability to bond quickly. For example the group 1 metals are very reactive than the group 2 metals. This simply means the group 1 metals(alkali metals) goes into bonding more easily than the group 2 metals(alkali earth metals).    

Explanation:

8.0 grams are created when 2.5 grams pure hydrogen gas and 7.0 gram of carbon monoxide react.

Colorless and odorless, monoxide (CO) seems to be a gas. It is emitted by a number of combustion, including as cars, electric utilities, wildfires, and incinerators, and it is caused by the fuel burning of carbon-containing fuels like oil and gas, gasoline, etc wood.

A substance called carbon cyanide is created when shale gas or other carbon-containing materials are burned partially. This includes production emissions, fires, malfunctioning heaters, and exhaust.

Gram to mole conversion,

Grams * (1 mol)/ grams "

Moles of CO,

= 7.0 g*(1 mol)/(28.01 g)

= 0.249 mol CO

Moles of H2,

= 2.5 g*(1 mol)/(2.016 g)

= 1.240 mol O2

Mass of methanol,

0.249 mol CO * (1 mol CH3OH) /mol CO*

= 1mol CH3OH /32.04gCHOOH

=0.0077 mol CH3OH

= 0.008 molCH3OH

= 8.0 grams

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Answer:

8.0

Explanation:

I took the test

100g of ice will require 33,400 J to melt because the specific heat required to melt ice is 334 J/g. Since water has a specific heat of vaporization of 2230 J/g, evaporating 100g of water will require 223,000 J.

Heat is the result of the movement of kinetic energy from one media or item to another, or from the energy source to either a medium or object. Radiation, conduction, & convection are the three possible mechanisms for this type of energy transmission.

The equation q = mcT, where m is the sample mass, c is the specific heat, and T is the temperature change, can be used to determine how much heat is absorbed or lost by a sample (q).

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The group 1 has a higher efficiency because group 1 has a higher output power.

Efficiency in chemistry is a comparison of the energy input and output in a specific system. Its definition is given by the equation and is expressed as the proportion of output to input energy: The representation of energy in the form of heat or power using this equation is quite common.

Efficiency is a function of input and output. Including waste and spoilage, output is the total amount of productive work completed (or work output). To create a percentage, efficiency is simply multiplied by 100.

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[tex]\boxed{\boxed{\Large\textsf{$\sf mass = 3.4 \times 63.02=214.3$ g (4 s.f)}}}[/tex]

The mass of nitric acid (HNO₃) can be determined by considering the relationship between number of moles, mass, and molar mass:

[tex]\boxed{\large\textsf{$\sf\displaystyle number\ of\ moles\ (mol)=\frac{mass\ present\ (grams)}{molar\ mass\ (g/mol)}$}}[/tex]

Rearranging this formula to find mass, therefore, mass present = number of moles ÷ molar mass:

[tex]\boxed{\large\textsf{$\sf\displaystyle mass=moles\times molar\ mass$}}[/tex]

Since we are already given the number of moles of HNO₃ present, we just need the molar mass. The molar mass of elements can be found on any standard periodic table, and the molar mass of a compound is just the sum of all the molar masses of the elements in the compound.

∴ molar mass HNO₃ = H (1.008) + N (14.01) + O₃ (3×16.00) = 63.02 g/mol.

Now plugging in all our values into the formula:

[tex]\boxed{\boxed{\large\textsf{$\therefore \sf mass = 3.4 \times 63.02=214.3$ g (4 s.f)}}}[/tex]

[tex]\hrulefill[/tex]

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