A 75-year-old male with long-standing hypertension and angina due to coronary heart disease presents with ankle edema, nocturia, increased shortness of breath with activity, and a chronic nonproductive cough. He has a past history of smoking two packs per day and is an ex-alcoholic. His blood pressure is 170/80 and his heart rate is 100. Electrocardiography and chest radiography indicate the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy.

A. Relate the presence of uncontrolled hypertension and coronary artery disease to the development of heart failure in this man.

B. Explain the significance of left ventricular hypertrophy in terms of both a compensatory mechanism and as a pathologic mechanism in the progression of heart failure.

C. Explain the management and treatment for this diagnosis.

Answers

Answer 1

Left ventricular hypertrophy increases the chance of sudden death. Studies have shown that the problem increases the risk of developing some diseases, such as heart failure, stroke, coronary heart disease and even sudden death.

A. How does hypertension cause heart failure?

In summary, heart failure can occur in the natural history of patients with hypertension, as a result of the action of a wide set of adaptive mechanisms triggered by the persistent increase in ventricular afterload, resulting in diastolic or systolic dysfunction.

B. What is the significance of left ventricular hypertrophy in terms of a compensatory mechanism and a pathological mechanism in the progression of heart failure?

The term cardiac hypertrophy refers to increased myocardial mass. It is an adaptive response to a physiological or pathological overload. This adaptation occurs as a response of the heart to an overload of work and can be classified as concentric or eccentric.

C. Explain the management and treatment for this diagnosis.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve medication or surgery. Left ventricular hypertrophy caused by aortic valve stenosis may require surgery to repair the narrowed valve or to replace it with an artificial valve.

With this information, we can conclude that left ventricular hypertrophy increases the chance of sudden death. Studies have shown that the problem increases the risk of developing some diseases, such as heart failure, stroke, coronary heart disease and even sudden death.

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Related Questions

The answer I chose is incorrect help me find the correct answer

Answers

T - cells increase in number in response to a parasitic invasion.

Effect of T cells during parasitic invasion

During a parasitic invasion the T-cell releases perforin and cytotoxins.

How  perforin and cytotoxins responds; Perforin first makes a pore, or hole, in the membrane of the infected cell. Cytotoxins go directly inside the cell through this pore, destroying it and any viruses inside.

Thus, T - cells increase in number in response to a parasitic invasion.

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Geranium plants will freeze if planted too early. This is an example
of the influence of
a. light.
b. minerals.
c. water.
d. soil.
e. temperature.

Answers

Answer:

E. temperature

Explanation:

plants freezing to death obviously deals with the temperature in air.

Which process releases energy?
A. muscle building
B. formation of new proteins
C. breakdown of carbohydrates
D. muscle repair
E. DNA repair

Answers

Answer:

C.) breakdown of carbohydrates

Explanation:

Carbohydrates store energy. By breaking down carbohydrates, we can access this energy to do tasks, repair our bodies, etc. All of the other answers involve processes that require energy.

Two subgroups of a population separated by a river are rejoined when a drought causes the river to run dry. Assuming that speciation has not yet occurred, what is true about the two subgroups?

A. Speciation will speed up since there will be more competition
between the subgroups.

B. The likelihood that speciation will be completed will decrease.

C. The two subgroups will still be reproductively isolated and unable
to mate.

D. New traits that resulted from mutation will not flow between the
subgroups.

Answers

When separated subgroups of a population are rejoined due to drought, increased gene flow reduces reproductive isolation and lowers the likelihood of speciation. The correct answer to the question is B.

When two subgroups of a population are separated by a geographic barrier, such as a river, reproductive isolation occurs, which can lead to speciation over time. However, when a drought causes the river to run dry and the subgroups are rejoined, gene flow between the subgroups increases. This increased gene flow can reduce reproductive isolation and decrease the likelihood of speciation. Therefore, option B is correct. Option A is incorrect because increased competition between the subgroups does not necessarily speed up speciation. Option C is incorrect because when the subgroups are rejoined, they can interbreed and are no longer reproductively isolated. Option D is also incorrect because traits resulting from mutation can flow between the subgroups due to increased gene flow.

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Which choice best summarizes the outcome of Redi‘s experiment?

Answers

Francesco Redi performed his experiment against the theory of spontaneous generation. In his experiment, he takes one glass jar and a piece of flesh and analyzes them in three different situations.

Why did Francesco Redi perform his glass jar experiment?

Francesco Redi performed his glass jar experiment in order to illustrate the evidence against the theory of spontaneous generation.

He demonstrate that dead maggots or flies would not generate new flies when positioned on rotting flesh in a sealed jar, whereas live maggots or flies would have the capability to grow some eggs of maggots.

This experiment discredited both the presence of some essential components in once-living organisms and the requirement of fresh air to induce living life.

The complete question is as follows:

Which choice best summarizes the outcome of Redi‘s experiment?

Evidence for the theory of spontaneous generation. Evidence against the theory of spontaneous generation. Evidence for the theory of special creation. Evidence for the theory of the origin of life.

Therefore, the correct option is B, i.e. Evidence against the theory of spontaneous generation.

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You will write an argumentative essay to the “Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation” to convince them to support the use of genetically modified organisms in agricultural development and support your team in developing the transgenic strain, knowing that this organization can provide the needed funding for your project.

The word count of your essay should be between 300 and 750.
Your essay should include at least 10 keywords from table 2.

Your essay will discuss how the new strain of the genetically modified plant will contribute to eradicating disease by using appropriate scientific methods that take into consideration any possible adverse health effects and environmental concerns (such as new potential allergies, herbicide resistant weeds, and biodiversity issues for replacing other strains). It will also discuss why community acceptance of the new strain is important as a sustainable long-term solution as opposed to supplements or other food additives.

The purpose of your essay is to establish a stance on the urgency of the new strain issue by providing reasons and supporting evidence. When you’re writing a persuasive essay, you need more than just an opinion to make your voice heard. Even the strongest stance won’t be compelling if it’s not structured properly and reinforced with solid reasoning and evidence. Your essay needs to be well written and should include the following 4 elements:

1. Introductory paragraph:
The first paragraph of your essay should outline the topic, provide background information necessary to understand your argument, outline the evidence you will present and states your thesis.

2. The thesis statement:
This part of your essay is a concise, one-sentence summary of your main point and claim.

3. Body paragraph:
You will explain the reasons why you support your thesis. You can discuss more than one idea or piece of evidence that clearly and concisely explain why the reader should agree with your position.
This is where you will back up your claims with examples, research, statistics, studies, and scientific evidence based on your knowledge in genetics and your answers in the graphic organizer.
Address opposing points of view and disprove them or explain why you disagree with them. Presenting facts and considering the topic from every angle adds credibility and will help you gain the reader’s trust.

4. Conclusion:
One paragraph that restates your thesis and summarizes all of the arguments made in your body paragraphs. Rather than introducing new facts or more arguments, a good conclusion will appeal to a reader’s emotions. In some cases, writers will use a personal anecdote explaining how the topic personally affects them.

Answers

Genetically modified organisms can help to alleviate hunger around the world by increasing crop yields.

What are Genetically modified organisms?

Genetically modified organisms are organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been altered in the laboratory by using genetic engineering.

Genetically modified crops can be resistant to different types of biotic and abiotic stressful conditions and thus increase crop yield.

Supporting evidence regarding the use of GMOs is based on empirical statistics about how these food helped to alleviate global hunger, especially in developing countries.

An essay about GMOs should ideally include information on genetic engineering techniques used in transgenesis.

Transgenesis refers to the genetic engineering techniques aimed at developing organisms carrying genes of others species. These techniques include, among others, the use of the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system, DNA recombinant strategies and vector expression constructs (e.g., viral recombinant vectors).

A thesis statement is a well-sustained question that can be tested (either confirmed or rejected) by information obtained using the scientific method.

GMOs have been shown to the safe since empirical scientific evidence revealed that genetically modified crops such as Bt maize do not cause allergies or diseases in human beings.

Moreover, GMOs can help to alleviate hunger around the world by increasing crop yields.

In conclusion, it is possible to state that GMOs might be beneficial when they are approved and released by proper governmental agencies such as the US Federal agency of Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

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Name 3 specific resources that are overexploited in anne arundel county?

Answers

3 specific resources that are overexploited in Anne Arundel County, marine resources, nature exploration and fishing.

What is Anne Arundel County known for?

With over 500 miles of coastline, Anne Arundel County is known for

boatingfishingcrabbingwater skiingsailing and swimming.

For nature lovers, there are two state parks, more than 120 municipal parks and several nature reserves.

With this information, we can conclude that 3 specific resources that are overexploited in Anne Arundel County, marine resources, nature exploration and fishing.

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Where are chromosomes located during metaphase?

Answers

The mitotic spindle pulls the chromosomes together at the metaphase plate. Microtubules from opposite spindle poles grab the two sister chromatids of each chromosome. In metaphase, the spindle has collected all the chromosomes and lined them up at the middle of the cell, ready to divide.

What are chromosomes?

Chromosomes are the greatest level of DNA and protein organization. Chromosomes' primary job is to transport DNA and genetic information from parents to offspring. During cell division, chromosomes play a vital role. They keep DNA from becoming twisted or damaged.

The metaphase plate is a plane or region that is about equidistant from a dividing cell's two poles.

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A template strand of DNA contains nucleotides in the following proportions: 14% adenine
(A), 33% thymine (T), 21% cytosine (C), and 32% guanine (G). What can you expect
the proportions of the nucleotides to be in the newly formed complementary strand?

Answers

Answer:

The proportions of  nucleotides in the newly formed complimentary strand will be:

14% Thymine (T), 33% Adenine (A), 21% Guanine (G), 32% Cytosine (C).

Explanation:

In a double stranded DNA, the nucleotides of one strand binds with nucleotides of another strand through hydrogen bonds.

Adenine binds with thymine by two hydrogen bonds (A=T) and guanine binds with cytosine by three hydrogen bonds (G≡C).

So, the complimentary strand must have

thymine equal to the amount of adenine in template strand.adenine equal to the amount of thymine in template strand.guanine equal to the amount of cytosine in template strand.cytosine equal to the amount of guanine in template strand.

When the body is attacked by a foreign substance, the _____ defenses are the first to react.

specific

nonspecific

B lymphocyte

T lymphocyte

Answers

Nonspecific

It is the defense system that people are born with and protects the body against antigens.

Like DNA, RNA contains four nitrogenous bases. Three of them are the same as those found in DNA. The one that is different is called ________
The five-carbon sugar in RNA is called ________

Answers

Answer:

RNA has for nitrogenous bases out of which three are the same as DNA. The bases common to both DNA and RNA are Adenine (A), Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C). The one that is different is called Uracil (U).The five carbon sugar in RNA is called Ribose sugar.

Explanation:

DNA consist of four bases that are A,T,C and G. Similarly, RNA also consists of four bases that are A,U,C and G.

Thymine (T) is not present in RNA, instead of it, RNA has Uracil (U) which binds with Adenine (A) by two hydrogen bonds.

The five-carbon sugar that is present in RNA is ribose and that present in DNA is deoxy-ribose. Ribose and deoxy-ribose differ at second carbon. Ribose has an OH at second carbon while in deoxy-ribose, O is missing at second carbon and it has only H.

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State the 4 effect of soil acidity

Answers

The four effects of soil acidity are:

Formation of low solubility compounds.Greater retention by soil colloids.Conversion of soluble forms to ions that plants cannot absorb.Can inhibit or stimulate microbial activity.

Thus we can conclude that, soil acidity affects soil fertility, leaf nutrient uptake, and plant growth in a way that is confounding.

The usage of urea, elemental S fertilizer, and the development of legumes are the major contributors to soil acidification on agricultural land.

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How is mitosis different in plants and animals?

Answers

Answer:

The most important difference between plant and animal mitosis is the cytokinesis. In plants, a cell plate is formed, whereas in animals a cleavage is formed.

The picture below shows the structure of one type of organic molecule.
CH3
CH₂
A caffeine molecule
How many carbon atoms does this molecule contain?
O A 6
OB. 10
O C. 7
O D. 8

Answers

B I could be wrong though

Which of the following changes to Earth is NOT caused by living organisms?

Answers

Explanation:

probably A but I'm not sure about it

whitch is the best definition of activation energy

Answers

Answer:

the minimum amount of energy that is required to activate atoms or molecules to a condition in which they can undergo chemical transformation or physical transport.

Explanation:

An atom charged -3 has atomic number 23 and atomic mass 32 what is the number of electrons of this atom

Answers

An atom charged -3 has the atomic number 23 and an atomic mass of 32, the number of electrons of this atom are 20.

What is an Atomic number?

An atomic number may be defined as the number of a chemical element in the periodic table, in which the elements are positioned in order of expanding the number of protons in the epicenter known as the nucleus.

In this question, the number of electrons is 20, because the number of electrons in an atom is always equal to the atomic number of that atom, which is 23 here.

But, an atom charged -3, so, 23-3 = 20. If an atom is charged negative, the number of electrons is determined by subtracting it with an atomic number, while if it is charged positive, the number of electrons is determined by adding it with an atomic number.

Therefore, it is well described above.

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Question 6
What role did the bile salts play in Part 3 of this exercise? How do these results correlate with where bile salts occur in the human body?

Answers

Answer:

Ans:They are produced in the liver, directly from cholesterol. Bile salts are important in solubilizing dietary fats in the watery environment of the small intestine.it elements toxins it breakdown the fats and it absorbe important vitamin of your food.

Explanation:

The body's ability to digest fat depends on bile salts. They work as emulsifiers, dissolving lipids into smaller droplets to facilitate enzyme digestion.

After a meal, bile salts are produced in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and then released into the small intestine. Their presence in bile makes it possible to break down and effectively absorb dietary fats. Some bile salts are recycled by the body after aiding in digestion, thereby saving energy. Bile salts contribute to the body's food intake and normal metabolic processes by helping to ensure efficient fat digestion and absorption.

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Which of the following is NOT true about steroid hormones?
Select one:

A. All of the choices are true.
B. They bind on cell membrane receptors.
C. The cannot be made in advance.
D. They have a long half-life.
E. They are derived from cholesterol.


For Physiology

Answers

I think A is the answer

Help please !! Urgently I need thus as fast as possible pleaseee

Answers

Explanation:

the plant will show positive phototropism..it will bend towards the direction of sunlight entering the box through the opening(the door)..

if it is watered , then the roots might grow and the plant would replenish, if not .then at some certain point, it won't show phototropism any longer..

hope this helped

Which of these is not a myth about globalization according to Lucas.
Group of answer choices

Policy – not trade or technology – is most responsible for inequality

Income doesn’t trickle down

Globalization has led to a decrease in global income inequality, not a reduction

Answers

Globalization has led to a decrease in global income inequality, not a reduction. Thus, the correct option is D.

First, there is evidence to suggest that globalization reduces inequality. Second, the wealthy will experience substantial income growth, which will increase the incomes of the lowest. Third, renouncing trade and technology is the only solution to the problem of rising inequality.

What is globalization?

The spread of the flow of financial products, goods, technology, information, and jobs across national borders and cultural boundaries is referred to as globalization.

These beliefs are debunked by the recently published World Inequality Report, the first research study to in-depth analyze changes in wealth and income inequality across rich and developing countries over the past 40 years.

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Select the best answer for the question.
2. What should you do if you're asked to do a task that doesn't make sense to you?
A. Consult with your pharmacy professor.
OB. You shouldn't do the task.
OC. Ask your supervisor.
COD. Do it anyway.
Mark for review (Will be highlighted on the review page)
<< Previous Question
Next Question >>

Answers

The answer is C. Ask your supervisor

A river system is made up of a river and its a. sediments. b. divides. c. runoff. d. tributaries.

Answers

Answer:

A river system is made up of a river and its tributaries.

What is a river system?

A river system is a term used to describe the broader networks of streams, lakes, and rivers that are tributaries and distributaries of a larger river. For instance, the Mississippi River system includes the Ohio, Red, and Missouri rivers, all of which drain into the Mississippi River. Due to its interconnectedness, the condition of one river may have an effect on the health of the other rivers in the same river system. A river system can also include other types of terrain, such as the wetlands and flood plains that are affected by a major river and its tributaries and distributaries. The majority of the time, rivers have a primary source, such as snowmelt from a mountain that cascades into a number of streams, which eventually merge to form a river that empties into a much bigger river. This is an illustration of a river network. River systems are ecosystems from an environmental perspective, and if even one component of the system is contaminated or destroyed, it may have a severe impact on things like water quality and the health of plants and animals. For instance, the effects of high pollution levels or prolonged drought near a river's source will be felt throughout the rivers and lands that make up the river system.

An example of this is the Amazon River in Brazil (South America).

Answer:

A river system is made up of a river and its tributaries.

Experiment 1: Cell size and rate of diffusion
For this lab, you will make three "cuboidal cells" with the dimensions below:
1 cm
cm
2 cm.
Prediction:
2 cm
2 cm
Dom
3cm
3cm
You will place each of the three cells in a solution that will be called cell media. This media contains the
nutrients the cell needs to survive. The media must reach all portions of the cell interior in order for proper
cell function.
Question: In a ten-minute time period, which cell will allow for maximum diffusion of the media to all
portions of the cell? (Please, don't answer this question; it will be answered using data from the
experiment simulation. Remember we are following the scientific method.)
1. Based on the question above, formulate a hypothesis and prediction for this experiment: (4 pts)
Hypothesis:



What would the hypothesis and prediction be of this experiment

Answers

Answer:

well this is very simple just add 2

Explanation:

What is a convection current

Answers

Answer:

Convection currents transfer heat from one place to another by mass motion of a fluid such as water, air, or molten rock. The heat transfer function of convection currents drives the earth's ocean currents, atmospheric weather, and geology.

Explanation:

Explain why scientists might use models to represent Earth’s process

Answers

Answer:

Scientists use models to investigate objects or processes that happen too slowly, too quickly, or on too small of a scale to observe directly.

They also use models to explore phenomena that are too vast, too complex, or too dangerous to study firsthand.

Large animals have specialized gas exchange systems. Fish use ______ and insects use ________.
A. spiracles, alveoli
B. pleural membrane, alveoli
C. gills, pleural membrane
D. gills, spiracles

Answers

the answer to this is D

Among animals, for gaseous exchange,  Fish use gills and insects use spiracles. The correct option is D.

What is respiration?

The procedure by which cells utilize oxygen to break down sugar and obtain energy is referred to as respiration.

There can be different organs for respiration in different animals. For example, human uses lungs, fishes have gills, insects have spiracles, etc.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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Genes express themselves at different times because

A. this saves time
B. this saves space
C. this saves energy
D. Only b and c are correct

Answers

Answer:

D

Hope this helps!

While snorkeling in the ocean you find large, leafy organisms that are brownish in color growing in large masses. You are unsure whether they are protists since they look quite plant-like. If they are actually protists, what characteristic will the organism's cells exhibit?

They are only autotrophic.
The cells will form a colony with separate groups of cells doing various jobs.
The cells will form a colony without differentiating into separate tissues.
Most of the cells in the organism will have cilia or flagella.

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

They are actually protists, what characteristic will the organism’s cells exhibit  Most of the cells in the organism will have cilia or flagella.

What is the difference between stolon and hyphae?

A stolon is describes as an septate hypha, which links sporangiophores together.

Root-like network called rhizoids may look on the stolon as well, docking the hyphae to the substrate.

The stolon is commonly found in bread molds, and are seen as horizontally extending across the mold.

Thus, option "D" is correct, because Most of the cells in the organism will have cilia or flagella.

According to the CDC, what is the definition of sanitizing?

Answers

Answer:

Cleaning or disinfecting surfaces or objects to lower the risk of spreading infection

Explanation:

Sanitizing lowers the number of germs on surfaces or objects to a safe level, as judged by public health standards or requirements. This process works by either cleaning or disinfecting surfaces or objects to lower the risk of spreading infection.

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