What signs and symptoms might develop if this patient goes into heart failure?
A)Peripheral edema
Patients with anemia should have their cardiac condition thoroughly evaluated. Low hemoglobin levels cause the heart to work harder and pump more quickly in an effort to compensate by getting more blood to hypoxic tissue. Tachycardia, palpitations, orthopnea, dyspnea, disorientation, and exertional dyspnea are just a few of the symptoms that can be brought on by this elevated cardiac strain. Peripheral edema and enlarged heart and liver (cardiomegaly and hepatomegaly) are indicators that heart failure may later develop. Heart failure is unrelated to nausea, migraines, or fever.
Anemia's symptoms and signs:
When your body doesn't have enough red blood cells to transport oxygen to all of its different regions, fatigue sets in. Additionally, a low red blood cell count might result in chest pain, pale or yellow complexion, headaches, cold hands and feet, and disorientation.
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A nurse is caring for a patient with severe anemia. The patient is tachycardic and complains of dizziness and exertional dyspnea. The nurse knows that in an effort to deliver more blood to hypoxic tissue, the workload on the heart is increased. What signs and symptoms might develop if this patient goes into heart failure?
A) Peripheral edema
B) Nausea and vomiting
C) Migraine
D) Fever
kendall is speaking to an audience of college students and makes repeated references to partying and drinking in an effort to connect to what she believes her audience enjoys kendall is using
Kendall is using the technique of audience appeal, also known as ethos or credibility, in her speech.
Audience appeal refers to the speaker's ability to connect with the audience by appealing to their values, beliefs, and interests. By making repeated references to partying and drinking, Kendall is trying to establish credibility with her audience by showing that she understands and relates to their interests and experiences.Kendall is using the technique of audience appeal, also known as ethos or credibility, in her speech. This can help to create a sense of trust and rapport between the speaker and the audience, which can make it more likely that the audience will be receptive to Kendall's message.By demonstrating her comprehension of and connection to her audience's interests and experiences, Kendall hopes to gain their trust.
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a client is diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and prescribed the drug coumadin (warfarin). the nurse would instruct the client to avoid what foods?
A client receives a coumadin prescription after being identified as having atrial fibrillation (warfarin). The nurse would advise the patient to stay away from vitamin-K containing foods.
A blood clot forms in the body through a complicated process involving numerous molecules known as clotting factors. By preventing the synthesis of clotting components that depend on vitamin K for production, warfarin reduces the body's capacity to produce blood clots. Making clotting factors and preventing bleeding require vitamin K. Your body can stop hazardous clots from forming and stop clots from growing larger by being administered a drug that stops the clotting factors. Warfarin dosage is modified over time in accordance with the findings of the INR blood test, in contrast to other drugs that are given at a fixed dose.
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which category of dietary reference intakes sets a specific target for a nutrient that will reduce the risk for a specific disease?
The category of dietary reference intakes which sets a specific target for a nutrient such that it will reduce risk for specific disease are Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intakes, which means option D is correct.
DRI or Dietary Reference Intakes are the scientifically determined standard for the quantity of nutrients which must be taken by an individual for completing their daily activities. In general, an individual requires carbohydrates, fats, proteins and vitamins for accomplishing their energy needs. These nutrients helps them grow, reproduce, live and also excrete the waste material. These are now also used for potential reduction in weight and also estimate the energy requirement of an individual based on their job profile.
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Refer to complete question below:
Which category of Dietary Reference Intakes sets a specific target for a nutrient that will reduce the risk for a specific disease?
Multiple choice question.
- Adequate Intakes for Diseased Populations- Disease Prevention Inventory Risk Assessment- Recommended Intakes for Disease States- Chronic Disease Risk Reduction IntakesWhich of the following individuals would most likely experience global ischemia to his or her brain?
A) A male client who has just had an ischemic stroke confirmed by CT of his head
B) A woman who has been admitted to the emergency department with a suspected intracranial bleed
C) A man who has entered cardiogenic shock following a severe myocardial infarction
D) A woman who is being brought to hospital by ambulance following suspected carbon monoxide poisoning related to a faulty portable heater
A man with a serious myocardial infarction who has gone into cardiogenic shock.
What is the best course of action for people who have cardiogenic shock brought on by myocardial infarction (MI)?Dobutamine is used as an inotropic agent while norepinephrine is used as a preferred vasopressor in the medical treatment of shock. These medications are chosen based on a combination of pressure and flow values or by the cardiac power index. To treat catecholamine-resistant shock, levosimendan can also be administered.
After a myocardial infarction, what causes cardiogenic shock?Most often, your heart's main pumping chamber suffers damage from a shortage of oxygen, typically brought on by a heart attack (left ventricle). The heart muscle there may get weakened and enter cardiogenic shock if oxygen-rich blood isn't flowing to that portion of the body.
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a patient complains of abdominal pain her liver is larger than normal
Hepatomegaly is the medical term for a patient whose liver is larger than normal and who complains of abdominal pain.
The liver grows bigger than it should in a condition called hepatomegaly. An enlarged liver can be brought on by a number of conditions, including infection, parasites, tumours, anaemia, toxic states, storage diseases, heart failure, congenital heart disease, and metabolic disturbances.The medical term for an enlarged liver is hepatomegaly. It might be a symptom of a deeper illness. Hepatitis, cancer, fatty liver disease, and alcohol use disorders are a few conditions that can result in hepatomegaly. Hepatomegaly can exist without a person being aware of it.
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which finding would indicate that the prescribed enteral feeding has been effective in a malnourished client who had head and neck surgery for pharyngeal cancer?
Well-healed incisions would indicate that the prescribed enteral feeding has been effective in a malnourished client who had head and neck surgery for pharyngeal cancer.
What is pharyngeal cancer?Cancer of the nasopharynx (the upper part of the throat behind the nose), oropharynx (the middle part of the pharynx), and hypopharynx are all examples of pharyngeal cancer (the bottom part of the pharynx). Cancer of the larynx (voice box) can also be classified as pharyngeal cancer. When detected early, throat cancers can be cured. About half of patients can be cured if the cancer has not spread (metastasized) to surrounding tissues or lymph nodes in the neck. If the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes and other parts of the body other than the head and neck, it is incurable.
Here,
In a malnourished client who had head and neck surgery for pharyngeal cancer, well-healed incisions would indicate that the prescribed enteral feeding was effective.
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the nurse assists the client to the restroom. upon returning to bed, the client says he has a throbbing headache and feels chilled. which priority vital signs should be evaluated? select all that apply.
Priority vital signs that should be evaluated are:
A. Tympanic temperatureE. Blood pressureTympanic temperature: the client reports feeling chilled, which could indicate a fever or a drop in body temperature. Measuring the tympanic temperature, which is taken by placing a thermometer in the ear, can provide an accurate reading of the client's body temperature.
Blood pressure: a throbbing headache could indicate a change in blood pressure. Measuring the client's blood pressure can provide information about their cardiovascular status and help identify any changes that may be contributing to their headache.
Apical pulse and radial pulse are both measurements of the client's pulse rate and are not as relevant in this scenario as the client is not experiencing any symptoms related to their cardiovascular system. Respiratory rate: the client is not experiencing any symptoms related to their respiratory system, so measuring the respiratory rate would not be a priority in this scenario.
This question should be provided with answer choices, which are:
A. Tympanic temperatureB. Apical pulseC. Radial pulseD. Respiratory rateE. Blood pressureThe correct answers are A and E.
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Nitroglycerin, when given to patients with cardiac-related chest pain:
A. Increases blood return to the right atrium
B. Increases myocardial contraction force
C. Relaxes the walls of the coronary arteries
D. Constricts the veins throughout the body
Option C ; To Relax the walls of the coronary arteries, Nitroglycerin has gives to the patient.
Nitroglycerin is a medication that is commonly used to relieve chest pain caused by coronary artery disease. It works by dilating (or relaxing) the walls of the coronary arteries, which increases blood flow to the heart. This increased blood flow can help to reduce the chest pain caused by narrowed or blocked coronary arteries. Nitroglycerin does not increase blood return to the right atrium, increase myocardial contraction force, or constrict the veins throughout the body, it is a vasodilator that dilates the blood vessels, thereby reducing the resistance to blood flow and decreasing the workload on the heart.
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CAnswer:
Explanation:
since the nurse is unable to obtain an oversized cuff to assess an adult client with a large arm, the nurse uses an average-sized cuff. what blood pressure reading will the nurse most likely obtain for this client?
The nurse uses a larger cuff to evaluate an adult patient with a big arm because she is unable to obtain an average-sized cuff.
What is average-sized cuff?
Given that cuff sizes between 22 and 42 cm are frequently employed by various manufacturers, a sensitivity analysis was also done to examine the necessity for cuff sizes between those ranges.
A small adult cuff with a bladder measuring 10 24 cm for arm circumferences of 22–26 cm, an adult cuff with a bladder measuring 13 30 cm for arm circumferences of 27–34 cm, and a large adult cuff with a bladder of 16 38 cm for arm have all been approved for usage.
All participants had their mid-arm circumference assessed on the right arm during the Mobile Examination Center (MEC) visit, despite the fact that 71 persons in our analytic sample had their blood pressure taken on the left arm.
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a person who responds but is not fully awake should be placed in what position
Put the person in the recovery position if they are awake but not totally responsive. Verify the medication's label and contents. Find the injection location (outside middle of one thigh). the protective cap
What posture should you place an unconscious person in?The recovery posture should be used for anyone who is unresponsive but breathing and does not have any other life-threatening illnesses. The recovery position will keep someone's airway open and clear. It also makes sure that they won't choke on any liquids or vomit.
What to do if a person is not breathing but still has a pulse?Call an ambulance right away if you're confident that the person is not breathing or has no pulse. Give them CPR if they don't have a pulse but are still breathing.
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an im injection of tobramycin 2.5mg/kg/per 24 hours every 8 hours is ordered for a child with septicemia. the medication is supplied as 40mg/1ml. the child weighs 44.88 pounds (lbs). how many ml will the nurse prepare for each dose? round the answer to the nearest one hundredth of a milliliter.
Prescribed dose = 2.5 mg/kg/day.Weight = 44.88 lbs1 lbs = 0.454 kg Hence, weight in kg = 0.454 × 44.88 = 20.37kg.Available = 40 mg/1 mL.…
what is septicemia?
Bacterial infections are the most common cause of sepsis. Sepsis can also be caused by fungal, parasitic, or viral infections. The source of the infection can be any of a number of places throughout the body.When germs get into a person's body, they can cause an infection. If you don't stop that infection, it can cause sepsis. Bacterial infections cause most cases of sepsis. Sepsis can also be a result of other infections, including viral infections, such as COVID-19 or influenza, or fungal infections. Many people who survive sepsis recover completely and their lives return to normal. However, as with some other illnesses requiring intensive medical care, some patients have long-term effects.To learn more about child weighs refers to:
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A split-thickness or mucosal skin graft used in a vestibuloplasty receives its nourishment and oxygenation primarily from
the exposed periosteum that forms the graft bed.
the vasculature in the subepithelial or submucosal layer moved to the site with the graft.
the mucosa surrounding the graft.
the exposed bone directly beneath the graft.
The exposed periosteum that makes up the graft bed is essentially where a split-thickness or mucosal skin graft utilized in a vestibuloplasty gets its nutrition and oxygen.
Secondary intention healing may be preferred to surgical rebuilding for Mohs surgical wounds that reveal exposed bone (i.e., bone that has been stripped of periosteum). We looked at surgical results for 205 individuals who had Mohs wounds on their scalp and forehead that had healed by secondary intention in order to assess the adequacy of this method of healing. 38 of these individuals had Mohs wounds with visible bone. The mean amount of exposed soft tissue was 1575 mm, while the mean area of exposed bone was 1074 mm. The average time for wounds with intact periosteum to heal was 7 weeks, but the average time for bare bone was 13 weeks. Without infection or tissue damage, every wound was able to heal.
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according to the national institute of medicine, what is the recommended range of weight gain for a woman with a normal body mass index during a healthy pregnancy?
The recommended range of weight gain for a woman with a normal body mass index (BMI) during a healthy pregnancy is: 25-35 pounds.
BMI is the numeric value determined by the eight and height if an individual. It is the estimation of the amount of body fat of a person. It also helps in analyzing the potential risks of disease that are causes due to excessive fats.
Pregnancy is the stage that begins after fertilization till the time of child birth. It is the entire growth of a fetus inside the mother's womb. Different living organisms have different time periods of pregnancy. In humans, it if of 9 months.
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after an aircraft accident, one of the passengers is immediately taken to the hospital for a severe head injury. the patient never recovers from the coma and finally dies due to this injury 89 days after the accident. question: how will this injury and ultimate death be categorized in the final ntsb accident report?
This injury will be considered to be significant.
What is head injury?
A wide range of injuries to the scalp, skull, brain, underlying tissue, and blood vessels in the head are together referred to as "head injuries." Depending on the severity of the head trauma, head injuries are also frequently referred to as brain injuries or traumatic brain injuries (TBI).
The following are a few examples of the various head injuries:
Concussion. A head injury known as a concussion can result in an abrupt loss of awareness or alertness that lasts for a few minutes to several hours after the traumatic occurrence.
skull injury. A break in the skull bone is known as a skull fracture. Skull fractures come in four main categories, including the following:
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the nurse is delegating ambulation of a client with generalized weakness to the unlicensed assistive personnel (uap). which teaching will the nurse provide? select all that apply.
The nurse is delegating ambulation of a client with generalized weakness to the unlicensed assistive personnel (uap). which teaching will the nurse provide? select all that apply.A.Utilize a gait belt around the client's waist.B .Allow the client to ambulate independently if the client feels ready.C.Walk slightly in front of the client to clear a path. D.Support the client's leg on the dominant side. E.When available, use parallel bars for support.
All options are correct, the nurse should provide clear and detailed teaching to ensure the safety and well-being of the client.
The nurse should teach the UAP to: A. Utilize a gait belt around the client's waist. This will provide support and stability for the client and reduce the risk of falls. D. Support the client's leg on the dominant side. This will help to prevent the client from losing their balance and falling. E. When available, use parallel bars for support. The parallel bars provide a stable surface for the client to hold onto and can assist in maintaining balance while ambulating. B. Allow the client to ambulate independently if the client feels ready. The client should be encouraged to take an active role in their care and to ambulate as much as possible, as long as it is safe and appropriate for them to do so. C. Walk slightly in front of the client to clear a path. This will help the client to see where they are going and reduce the risk of tripping or falling. It is important that the UAP understand the client's specific needs and limitations and use appropriate safety measures to ensure the client's safety while doing ambulation . The nurse should also closely supervise the UAP and be available to provide additional guidance and support as needed.
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the genetic test results of a pregnant patient show that the fetus has a chromosomal defect that has been known to affect mesodermal development. what risks can be expected in the fetus after birth?
Trisomy 18, also known as Edwards Syndrome, is a chromosomal defect that is the most common disorder affecting mesodermal development. It is caused by the presence of three copies of chromosome 18 instead of the usual two.
Babies born with this condition typically have a range of physical and intellectual disabilities, including low birth weight, heart defects, difficulty breathing, feeding problems, low muscle tone, and delayed growth and development.
Additionally, they often have head and facial abnormalities, such as a small head and cleft lip. Sadly, the prognosis for infants with Trisomy 18 is usually poor, and many do not survive past their first year of life.
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a client is being discharged from the emergency department (ed) after being treated for an anaphylactic reaction to shrimp the client ate for dinner. the client asks the nurse to explain food reactions. which would be correct responses? select all that apply.
Food reactions can be caused by a variety of things, such as an allergy to a particular food or an intolerance to a food. It is important to pay attention to food labels and look for potential allergens, as they can range from mild to life-threatening.
What is an anaphylactic reaction?An anaphylactic reaction is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. It is caused by the body's release of chemicals, such as histamine, in response to a foreign substance, such as a food, drug, or insect venom. Symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction can include swelling of the throat, tongue, and lips; difficulty breathing; hives; abdominal pain; and a rapid drop in blood pressure. If not treated immediately, an anaphylactic reaction can be fatal.
A. A food reaction is an adverse response to a food or ingredient that the body recognizes as foreign.
B. It can range from mild symptoms, such as an itchy mouth, to severe symptoms, such as anaphylaxis, which is a life-threatening reaction.
C. Food reactions can be caused by an allergy, an intolerance, or a sensitivity to a particular food.
D. To avoid reactions, it is important to read food labels carefully and to avoid foods that may contain the food you are allergic to.
E. It is also important to carry medication with you at all times in case of an emergency reaction.
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the nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair illustrating the major milestones of infants as they grow and develop. which fact should the nurse point out when illustrating an infant's teeth?
The nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair illustrating the major milestones of infants as they grow and develop.
The first tooth usually erupts between 6 to 8 months.
20 infant teeth are typically present at birth (also known as primary teeth). At around six months, they begin to erupt through the gums, and by the time the child is two to three years old, all of the teeth have typically come in. Teething is the term for this process. Throughout childhood, teeth will fall out at various intervals.
The following teeth are present in babies at birth:
four second teeth
four first teeth
four canines
Four lateral incisor
Four central incisors.
Each side of the upper jaw has a set, while the sides of the lower jaw each have a set.
Between four and ten months, the teeth in the center of the lower jaw frequently erupt first.
Don't worry if your baby's teeth erupt earlier or later because every child is unique. If you are concerned, consult with your dentist.
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stage 4 esophageal cancer life expectancy with treatment
With an average survival time of 8 to 12 months, stage IV esophageal cancer patients receiving the currently available combination chemotherapy treatment experience full remission in up to 20% of cases.
How likely are recovery rates from stage 4 esophageal cancer?20% of those with stage 4 oesophageal cancer are expected to live for at least a year after being diagnosed. About 20 out of 100 patients with this type of cancer will experience this.
How long does esophageal cancer typically survive?Esophageal cancer has a five-year survival rate of 20% on average, but it can also be as low as 5% or as high as 47%. The likelihood of surviving for five years is higher when esophageal cancer is detected early and when it is small.
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which position would a nurse place a client in after lifation, dissection and removal of varicose veins
The nurse should be in a supine position with her legs raised 15 degrees.
Dissection:
The process of cutting open a dead body of a living creature or plant to examine its interior anatomy is referred to as dissection.
When a client has varicose veins ligated, dissected, or removed, the nurse should supine with the legs raised at a 15-degree elevation.
When plaque constricts one or more coronary arteries, silent ischemia is most frequently experienced. Additionally, it can occur when the heart is under greater stress than normal. Patients with diabetes and those who have had a heart attack are more likely to experience silent ischemia.
Therefore, studies on humans have revealed that women frequently have lower atherosclerotic plaque loads and fewer high-risk plaque features than men. Even in the presence of clinical episodes, this typically holds true in both active lesions and non-culprit lesions.
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Which of the following is one of the five guidelines identified by the APhA Board of Trustees in 2019 to assist pharmacists in incorporating immunization activities into their practice?A. PreventionB. SolidarityC. QuantityD. Power
A. Prevention is one of the five guidelines identified by the APhA Board of Trustees in 2019 to assist pharmacists in incorporating immunization activities into their practice.
The other four guidelines are: provision of patient-centered care, professional development, collaboration and coordination, and advocacy.The American Pharmacists Association (APhA) Board of Trustees is the governing body of the APhA. The Board is responsible for setting the strategic direction of the organization and for making decisions on behalf of the membership. The Board is composed of pharmacists elected by the APhA membership, as well as ex-officio members who are appointed or elected to serve in specific roles. The Board meets regularly to discuss and vote on important issues related to the practice of pharmacy and the advancement of the profession.
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The nurse is teaching a client about sleeping positions to follow to prevent pressure ulcers. Which statement made by the client indicates effective learning? Select all that apply.
I should apply pressure-relieving pads. Pillows should be placed between the two bone surfaces. To prevent my heels from touching the bed, I should place a bed pillow under my ankles.- demonstrates successful learning about the best sleeping position for preventing pressure ulcers. So, option 1,2 and 3 are correct.
Alternating your sitting or laying position frequently is the greatest approach to prevent pressure ulcers. With the use of customized mattresses and other technologies, pressure on skin that is vulnerable can be reduced. The majority of pressure ulcers, commonly referred to as bedsores, are brought on by remaining immobile for an extended period of time. To keep the blood moving, a patient should change positions in bed every two hours. This prevents bedsores and maintains healthy skin.
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The above question is incomplete. Check below the complete question -
The nurse is teaching a client about sleeping positions to follow to prevent pressure ulcers. Which statement made by the client indicates effective learning? Select all that apply.
1) I ought to make use of pressure-relieving pads.
2) I ought to lay pillows in the space between two bone surfaces.
3) Using a bed pillow under the ankles, I should keep my heels off the bed surface.
4) I can donate blood two weeks after my treatment is over.
general goals for nutrient intakes and diet composition set by the united states department of agriculture and health and human services are collectively called
Dietary guidelines for Americans refer to the general goals for nutrient intakes and diet composition established by the United States Departments of Agriculture and Health and Human Services.
What is Dietary guidelines?The Dietary Guidelines for Americans offer nutritional guidance to Americans who are healthy or at risk of chronic disease but do not currently have it. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025 (Dietary Guidelines) advises on what to eat and drink to meet nutrient needs, promote health, and prevent disease. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are intended to provide guidance on what to eat and drink in order to build a healthy diet that can promote healthy growth and development, help prevent diet-related chronic disease, and meet nutrient needs.
Here,
Dietary guidelines for Americans refer to the general nutrient intake and diet composition goals set by the US Departments of Agriculture and Health and Human Services.
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the nurse is caring for a client who has a wound infection. contact precautions are being followed. which are correct actions by the nurse when using personal protective equipment (ppe)? select all that apply.
A client with a wound infection is being cared for by the nurse. Contact precautions are in place. When utilising personal protection equipment (PPE), the nurse should do the following:
After removing PPE, do hand hygiene.Before donning any PPE, do hand hygiene.Always remove gloves first before removing PPE.If there is a possibility of spatter, protective glasses and a face shield are recommended.In accordance with CDC EBP guidelines, healthcare workers should wear gowns and gloves for all wound care.
Implement the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in nursing homes to prevent the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDROs). Personal protective equipment includes gloves, goggles and shoes, earplugs or muffs, helmets, respirators or coveralls, vests, and bodysuits.
Personal protective equipment or PPE is equipment used to prevent or minimize exposure to hazards such as:
biological hazard.
PPE is designed to protect its user, the medical staff, from physical harm and hazards in the workplace. This hazard or hazard may be manifested by inhaling contaminated air or droplet aerosols and droplets or splashing into the eyes.
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Complete question :
The nurse is caring for a client who has a wound infection. Contact precautions are being followed. Which are correct actions by the nurse when using personal protective equipment (PPE)? Select all that apply.
1.Perform hand hygiene after removal of PPE.
2.Perform hand hygiene before donning any PPE.
3.When removing PPE, always remove gloves first.
4.Gloves should be applied under the sleeves of the gown.
5.Leaving the room wearing PPE for several minutes is permissible.
6.Protective eyewear and face shield are indicated if there is risk of splatter.
research that was identified as an experimental design in psychology might be called what other synonymous term if it were work testing a new treatment in medicine?
Participant independent trial
Correlation design
Medical standart design
Randomied control trial
The research that was identified as an experimental design in psychology might be called what other synonymous term if it were work testing a new treatment in medicine is Randomised control trial. The correct answer is D.
In a randomised controlled trial (RCT), the effectiveness of a digital health product is evaluated in comparison to a control group. The alternative can be nothing, the industry standard, or a different iteration of the product. After being enrolled in the trial, participants are randomly assigned to one of two or more experimental groups.
If the study had been investigating a new medical therapy, it might have been referred to as a Randomised control trial, which is another phrase that might be used to describe it.
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which clinical manifestations would the nurse identify when assessing a client with | ~ hypercalcemia? select all that apply. one, some, or all responses may be correct.
1+ deep tendon reflexes. Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet. Ventricular fibrillation noted on the electrocardiogram.
What about hypercalcemia?The condition of hypercalcemia refers to an elevated blood calcium position.Blood calcium situations that are too high can affect your heart and brain function as well as damage your bones and beget order monuments.generally, hyperactive parathyroid glands beget hypercalcemia. When calcium in your blood is less than usual, this condition is known as hypercalcemia.It may generally be treated with surgery and/ or drug, and its typical causes include primary hyperparathyroidism or many types of malice.The first line of treatment for hypercalcaemia is intravenous bisphosphonates, which are also followed by ongoing oral or intermittent intravenous bisphosphonates to avoid rush.The redundant PATH generated by the parathyroid glands is the most frequent cause of elevated calcium blood situations.A growth of one or further parathyroid glands is the cause of this excess.A blowup on a gland. Intravenous fluids and medicines like calcitonin or bisphosphonates are implicit curatives.The croaker will also treat the beginning issue if hypercalcemia is brought on by hyperactive parathyroid glands, too important vitamin D, or another illness.generally, hyperactive parathyroid glands beget hypercalcemia.These four little glands are set up in the neck, close to the thyroid.Cancer, many other ails, certain medicines, and taking inordinate calcium and vitamin D supplements are some further reasons for hypercalcemia.Learn more about hypercalcemia here:
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which unique response is associated with diabetic ketoacidosis that is not exhibited with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome
Over 600 mg/dL of extremely high blood sugar is a common trigger for HHNS. Your kidneys make an effort to eliminate the additional blood sugar by increasing the amount of sugar in the urine.
Dehydration results from an excessive loss of bodily fluid and increased urination. The term "hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome" (HHNS) is also used to refer to this condition (HHS). It involves extremely high blood sugar levels and is potentially fatal. Anyone can develop HHNS, although older adults with type 2 diabetes are more likely to do so. Your kidneys attempt to eliminate extra sugar through urination if your blood sugar levels get too high. The condition is known as hyperglycemia when it occurs. But if you don't drink enough to make up for the fluid you've lost, your blood becomes more concentrated and your blood sugar levels rise. The term for this is hyperosmolarity.
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what is the necessary time period for administration of hiv post-exposure prophylaxis?
PEP (post-exposure prophylaxis) refers to taking HIV prevention medication after a possible exposure. PEP should only be used in an emergency and should begin within 72 hours of a recent probable HIV exposure.
What do you mean by HIV?Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) are a group of diseases caused by infection with the retrovirus HIV. Following the first infection, an individual may experience no symptoms or a brief period of influenza-like sickness. This is usually followed by a long period of incubation with no symptoms. As the illness advances, it disrupts the immune system more, increasing the likelihood of getting common diseases such as tuberculosis, as well as other opportunistic infections and malignancies that are uncommon in persons with normal immune function. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome refers to these late symptoms of infection (AIDS). This period is frequently accompanied with unintentional weight reduction.
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the nurse reviewed telephone orders received by the nurse on the previous shift. which orders could have been taken in error? select all that apply.
Measure vital signs q 4 hours Daily blood cultures Strict intake and output Strict intake and output (I&O)
Continuous pulse oximetry
Incentive spirometry q 15 minutes
The orders that have been taken in error are strict intake and output (I&O) and incentive spirometry q 15 minutes. So, the answer is (c) and (e).
The typical range for strict intake and output (I&O) is 1500–2000 mL per day. An order for 180 mL per day is excessive and can be dangerous for the patient.
Incentive spirometry for 15 minutes: This breathing exercise keeps the airways in the lungs open. This exercise is prescribed frequently to the patients who have undergone surgery or are at risk of getting pneumonia.
Daily blood cultures are a standard order, and continuous pulse oximetry is used to monitor oxygen levels in patients who are at risk of hypoxemia. Vital signs are routinely monitored every four hours. So, they are not likely to be error prone.
Therefore, strict intake and output (I&O) and incentive spirometry q 15 minutes are the orders that could have been taken in error by the nurse. Thus, option (c) and (e) is correct.
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Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was,
the nurse reviewed telephone orders received by the nurse on the previous shift. which orders could have been taken in error? select all that apply.
a. Measure vital signs q 4 hours
b. Daily blood cultures
c. Strict intake and output (I&O)
d. Continuous pulse oximetry
e. Incentive spirometry q 15 minutes
which care issues are priorities during chemotherapy? select all that apply. one, some, or all responses may be correct.
C) Managing the client's complications
D) Protecting the client safe from side effects.
are care issues during chemotherapy
An important responsibility of nurses involved in chemotherapy delivery is to ensure that the correct dose and drug are administered to the correct patient via the correct route. In a variety of settings, complex regimens of potentially lethal drugs are used. According to an ONS survey of members to determine the extent and type of medication errors, 63% of respondents reported evidence of medication errors occurring in their patient care settings. These mistakes included dosing errors, incorrect drugs administered to patients or drugs administered via an incorrect route, and administration and preparation errors.
According to an Institute of Medicine report, medication errors kill more people each year than workplace injuries. A national agenda for reducing medical errors and improving patient safety has been established, with state and local implications. Recommendations are aimed at making the healthcare system safer. The ONS issued a position statement on "Prevention and Reporting of Medication Errors" in 2001, which includes recommendations for practise, policy, systems, education, and research to ensure safe care delivery. To reduce the likelihood of chemotherapy errors, individual institutional guidelines should be developed. These guidelines should include an error reporting system as well as a systematic way to review current practise and make changes to prevent errors from being repeated.
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Q.Which care issues are priorities during chemotherapy? Select all that apply
A. Resources available for the nurse
B. Handling the chemotherapy medications
C. Managing the client's complications
D. Protecting the client from side effects
E. Treatment areas in which to serve clients
