Cost behavior Variable cost. Activity measure: Number of visitors. Assumption, The cost of relationship workers depends on the estimated number of visitors that come to the park.
Each worker can provide services for up to 100 additional visitors per day. So, the cost of the relationship workers depends on the number of visitors that come to the park. Cost behavior Mixed cost. Activity measure, Hours of machine operation.
The cost of maintenance includes the salaries of full-time maintenance staff, overtime pay if the daily 8 hours is exceeded plus the cost of indirect materials like lubricants. Staff is required to remain in the plant when machines are running and will carry out troubleshooting and other regular maintenance tasks.
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Take a retailer which you are familiar with and use the VRIO framework to assess how the
retailer’s resources fare with regard to providing the firm a sustained competitive
advantage.
It would be useful in this regard to classify the firms’ tangible and intangible resources and
examine each of them separately on whether they fulfil the valuable, rare, inimitable/non-
substitutable and organizationally exploited conditions. Finally, assess whether your
assessments concerning the retailer’s resources match the retailer’s performance.
As an AI language model, I don't have access to specific real-time information or personal experiences. Therefore, I cannot directly assess a specific retailer using the VRIO framework.
However, I can provide you with a general outline of how you can apply the VRIO framework to assess a retailer's resources.
Tangible resources: These include physical assets such as stores, inventory, distribution channels, and equipment.
Intangible resources: These include brand reputation, customer loyalty, intellectual property, technology systems, and human capital.
Evaluate each resource based on the VRIO framework:
Value: Assess whether the resource provides a competitive advantage or creates value for the retailer.
Rarity: Determine if the resource is rare or unique compared to competitors.
Inimitability/Non-substitutability: Consider whether the resource is difficult to imitate or substitute by competitors.
Organizationally exploited: Examine if the retailer has effectively utilized and organized the resource to gain a competitive advantage.
Match assessments with retailer's performance:
Analyze if the retailer's performance aligns with the assessments made using the VRIO framework.
Evaluate if the retailer has been able to achieve sustained competitive advantage based on the identified valuable, rare, inimitable/non-substitutable, and organizationally exploited resources.
By following these steps, you can evaluate a retailer's resources and their potential for providing a sustained competitive advantage. It's important to conduct a detailed analysis using specific information and industry knowledge to make accurate assessments.
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in contrast, funds held in federally chartered credit unions are insured by the
It is crucial to verify if a credit union is federally insured or not before opening an account.
Credit unions are financial institutions where people pool their money together to obtain loans and make investments.
These institutions are cooperatives that are non-profit, and their members are owners. To protect member deposits, credit unions may be insured by the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA).
Federally chartered credit unions have a regulatory system that is similar to that of federally insured banks. This means that they are under the jurisdiction of the NCUA, which is a federal agency.
This agency is responsible for monitoring and ensuring that credit unions adhere to the established regulations to safeguard member deposits. The NCUA has been providing insurance coverage for credit unions since 1970.
The NCUA offers coverage of up to $250,000 per account for all types of accounts held at a federally chartered credit union.
This insurance covers regular savings accounts, checking accounts, certificates of deposit, and other types of deposit accounts.
Additionally, NCUA insurance covers IRA and KEOGH retirement accounts, as well as trust accounts held by the credit union.
Deposits held in federally chartered credit unions are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government, meaning that members can be assured that their funds are protected by the federal government.
Credit unions that are not federally chartered may be insured by private insurance firms. However, it is crucial to note that these firms are not backed by the federal government.
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Kevin purchases 250 shares at ABC Corp. for $37.60 per share. ABC Corp. pays the annual dividend of $1.80 per share. One year later, Jimmy sells his ABC Corp. shares for $41.10. What was Jimmy's total return on his investment on ABC Corp.?
$805
O $414
$1.219
$1,152
Jimmy's total return on his investment in ABC Corp. was $1,325.
By taking into account the purchase price, dividend received, and selling price, Jimmy may determine the overall return on his investment in ABC Corp.
Kevin invested a total of $9,400 in 250 shares at a price of $37.60 a share, or 250 * $37.60.
Given that the yearly dividend was $1.80 per share, Kevin received a total dividend of $450 ($250 * $1.80).
Jimmy sold his shares after a year for $41.10 each, for a total selling price of 250 * $41.10 = $10,275.
We must add the dividend received and the capital gain (selling price minus purchase price) to determine the overall return:
Dividend received plus capital gain equals total return.
Return total: $450 plus ($10,275 - $9,400)
Total profit = $450 plus $875.
Return overall: $1,325
Consequently, Jimmy's overall return on investment in ABC Corp. was $1,325.
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Your parents have told you that they owe $70,000 on loan #1 to the bank. The bank charges 6% compounded semi-annually. Your parents only have to pay the interest on the loan. Payments are made at the end of each month. Your parents also have a high interest loan #2 with the same financial institution. The interest rate on this loan is 18% compounded monthly. Your parents owe $25,000 on this loan. Your parents only need to pay the interest on the loan. Payments are made at the end of each month. Your parents have $130,000 in an account with the financial institution. The account pays no interest. The financial institution has other accounts, with the same risk as the zero interest account, that would pay your parents interest at the rate of 3% per year compounded annually. Questions: What is the amount of the monthly payment on the $70,000 loan? What is the amount of the monthly payment of the $25,000 loan? What is the current value of Family Inc.? As the executive vice president finance of Family Inc. what would you recommend your parents do? Suppose your parents payoff each of the loans. Your parents choose to invest any money left in their savings account in an equity etf. The etf is expected to earn 9% compounded annually. In addition, parents decide to invest $500 per month, at the end of each month in a balanced etf. The balanced etf is expected to earn 7% compounded annually. How much money would your parents have in 30 years?
Monthly payment on the 70,000 loan:
The formula to calculate interest on a loan is given by I = P*r/100, where I is interest,
P is principal, and r is the rate.
In this case, the interest rate is 6% compounded semi-annually.
The monthly interest rate is (1 + 0.06/2)^(1/6) - 1 = 0.009772, or 0.9772%.
The total interest owed is:
Interest = 70,000 × 0.9772% × 12 months = 6,824.80
The monthly payment for loan #1 is the total interest divided by 12:
Monthly payment = 6,824.80 / 12 ≈ 568.73
Amount of the monthly payment of the 25,000 loan:
The interest rate is 18% compounded monthly.
The monthly interest rate is 18%/12 = 1.5%.
The total interest owed is:
Interest = 25,000 × 1.5% = 375
The monthly payment for loan #2 is the total interest divided by 12:
Monthly payment = 375 / 12 ≈ 31.25
Current value of Family Inc.
The current value of Family Inc. is the sum of all assets minus the sum of all liabilities.
The assets are the savings account and the interest that will be earned on the zero-interest account if it is transferred to the 3% account.
The liabilities are the two loans.
130,000 in the savings account70,000 loan #125,000 loan #235,824.80 in interest payments for both loans
Total liabilities = 70,000 + 25,000 + 35,824.80
= 130,824.80
Total assets
= 130,000 + 1,134.73
= 131,134.73
Current value = 131,134.73 - $130,824.80 ≈ 309.93.
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Legrand Company produces hand cream in plastic jars. Each jar sells for R34. The variable cost for each jar totals R25.50. The total fixed cost is R581 400. During the most recent year 81600 jars were sold. Required: 1.1 Calculate the breakeven units for Legrand. (1.) Calculate the margin of safety units for the most recent year. (1.3) Calculate the degree of operating leverage (to 4 decimals). 1.4 How many units must be sold to earn a profit of R255 000?
Legrand Company produces hand cream in plastic jars, and each jar is sold for R34. The total fixed cost for Legrand is R581,400. During the most recent year, 81600 jars were sold. The variable cost for each jar is R25.50.The formulas used to calculate the different financial parameters in this problem include the following;
Breakeven Point = Fixed Costs/Contribution Margin per unit
Margin of Safety Units = Actual Units Sold - Breakeven Units
Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) = Total Contribution Margin/Net Income (also known as Profit)
1.1. Breakeven units for Legrand = Fixed Costs / Contribution Margin per unit
Breakeven Point = R581,400 / (R34 - R25.50) = 43,800 units.
1.2 Margin of Safety Units for the most recent year = Actual units sold - Breakeven units
Margin of Safety = 81600 - 43800 = 37800 units
1.3 Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) = Total Contribution Margin / Net Income (also known as Profit) = (Units Sold x Contribution Margin) / Net Income (Profit)
Contribution Margin per unit = Price per unit - Variable cost per unit = R34 - R25.50 = R8.50
Total contribution margin = Units sold x Contribution margin per unit = 81,600 x 8.5 = R693,600
Net Income (Profit) = Total contribution margin - Fixed costs = R693,600 - R581,400 = R112,200
Therefore, DOL = (81600 x 8.5) / 112,200 = 6.16 (approx).1.4 Number of units that must be sold to earn a profit of R255,000
Let X be the number of units required to be sold to earn a profit of R255,000.Contribution margin per unit = Price per unit - Variable cost per unit = R34 - R25.50 = R8.50
Total contribution margin = Units sold x Contribution margin per unit = X x 8.5
Net Income (Profit) = Total contribution margin - Fixed costs = R255,000 + R581,400 = R836,400
Therefore, X x 8.5 - R581,400 = R836,400X x 8.5 = R1,417,800X = R1,417,800/8.5X = 166,800 units must be sold to earn a profit of R255,000.
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The law of diminishing marginal returns states that as you try to expand output, your marginal productivity (the extra output associated with extra inputs) eventually declines.
The law of diminishing returns can limit the economies of scale and economies of scope a firm can achieve.
How is the law of diminishing marginal returns related to the boundaries of a firm? What factors can cause diminishing marginal returns to occur?
The law of diminishing marginal returns explains that as you try to increase production, your marginal productivity (the extra output related to additional inputs) will eventually decrease. This implies that a firm must weigh the advantages and disadvantages of producing extra goods or expanding the business.
The boundaries of the firm can be determined by the law of diminishing marginal returns, which occurs when the firm expands beyond its most efficient size. When the firm's size increases, it is usually accompanied by an increase in production. When production grows, it leads to an increase in costs as well, such as hiring new employees, larger production space, and the purchase of more equipment. In the long run, it will become inefficient to add more staff or equipment.
The fixed costs increase and become spread over a smaller unit of production, causing the average cost per unit to rise. This increase in costs leads to diminishing returns, which leads to the determination of the boundaries of the firm.Factors that contribute to diminishing marginal returns include the firm's capital stock, the number of employees, and the technology used. If a firm has a limited capital stock, adding additional staff members or equipment may not result in significant output gains. Similarly, if the company employs too many people, it can lead to inefficiencies such as coordination costs, communication costs, and management costs. Finally, technology can cause diminishing marginal returns if the technology being used becomes outdated, leading to lower productivity gains.
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Question 3 Aupa Mutumbula qualified as a accounted in June 2014, and 1 July 2014 began a new auditing and accounting work by investing N$20000 in cash and accounting books with a N\$ 4000 fair value that he had used at university. The practice trades under the name Ouatjiri AM Accounted. The following transactions relate to July: 1 Rent the furnished office of accounted who was retiring, paying N\$ 9000 cash for six month rent in advance. Purchased office supplies for cash N\$ 250 Bought the accounting package of the retiring accounted for N$20000, paying N\$ 5000 cash and agreeing to pay the balance within six months. The system has a useful life of ten years after which they will have no value. 5 Completed legal work for a client and immediately collected N\$ 500 in cash for the work done 7 Purchased additional office supplies on credit N\$ 400. 10 Completed accounting work for client on credit N\$ 6000. 15 Paid cleaning service to clean the office for the month N$750 15 Paid for repairs and painting of the office, N$1250 16 Paid the salary of the part-time legal adviser N $3000. 17 Paid for the office supplies purchased on 7 July. 18 Completed accounting service for aq client on credit, N$4000 20 Received payment in full for the accounting work completed on 10 July 22 Completed additional legal work for the same client on credit, NS 3500 . 27 Received payment in full for the accounting service completed on 18 July. 31 Paid the July telephone bill, N\$ 250 Paid the July electricity and water account, N\$ 200.Paid the office secretary salary, N$3000 Recognised rent and depreciation expense and supplies used of N\$ Required a) Arrange the following asset, liability and owners' equity headings on accounting equation worksheet: Bank, Account receivable, Rent paid in advance, Office supplies, Accounting system, Account payable, Capital, Income and Expense's, and show the effects of the transactions on theelements of the equation by recording increase and decrease in the appropriate columns. b) Prepare a statement of profit or loss for Ouatjiri AM Accounted for the period ended 31 July 2014. c) Prepare a statement of financial position for Ouatjiri AM Accounted as at 31 Marc 2014. The accounting equation is Assets=capital +liabilities
A fixed mortgage interest rate remains unchanged throughout the loan term, providing stability in monthly payments. In contrast, a variable mortgage interest rate fluctuates based on market conditions, potentially leading to changes in monthly payments.
A fixed mortgage interest rate remains unchanged throughout the loan term, providing stability in monthly payments. In contrast, a variable mortgage interest rate fluctuates based on market conditions, potentially leading to changes in monthly payments.
A fixed interest rate offers predictability and helps borrowers effectively plan their budget since it remains constant over the loan duration. In contrast, a variable interest rate exposes borrowers to market fluctuations, which can result in varying monthly payments. While variable rates may initially be lower, they come with the risk of increasing over time. Therefore, borrowers should carefully consider their financial situation and risk tolerance when deciding between fixed and variable mortgage interest rates.
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Suppose the market for soft drinks is given by: Demand: P=181−1.7Q Supply: P=1.3Q The government wants to discourage unhealthy eating habits and so imposes a tax that reduces the market equilibrium quantity by 11 . How much of the tax revenue generated was previously captured by producers at equilibrium? a. $314.60 b. $170.00 c. $705.47 d. $117.97
The amount previously captured by producers at market equilibrium is found as $705.47. The correct option is c.
To solve the problem, we need to find out the market equilibrium before and after the imposition of the tax and then calculate the change in revenue for both consumers and producers.
We will use the following formulae:
Qd = 181 - 1.7
QP = 181 - 1.7
Q - T (after the imposition of the tax)
Qs = 1.3
QP = 1.3Q + T (after the imposition of the tax)
where
Qd is the quantity demanded
Qs is the quantity supplied
T is the tax per unit
Q is the quantity sold
P is the price per unit
Let’s solve for equilibrium without the tax, then use that to solve for equilibrium after the imposition of the tax.
At equilibrium:
Qd = Qs
181 - 1.7Q = 1.3Q
Q = 67.06
Substitute Q in either Qd or Qs equation to get the equilibrium price:
Q = 67.06
P = 181 - 1.7(67.06)
P = $81.47
After the imposition of the tax, the equilibrium quantity reduced by 11 units, so the new quantity is
67.06 - 11 = 56.06
Qd = 181 - 1.7
QP = 181 - 1.7
Q - T56.06 = 1.3
QP = 1.3Q + T
Substituting P in both equations we get:T = $1.97
Now we can calculate the change in revenue for both consumers and producers. For consumers, we have:
Change in revenue for consumers = Tax x Change in quantity
= $1.97 x 11
= $21.67
For producers, the change in revenue will be the tax minus the reduction in their sales revenue:
Change in revenue for producers = Tax - (Price before tax - Price after tax) x Quantity
= $1.97 - ($81.47 - $83.44) x 56.06
= $705.47 - This is the amount previously captured by producers at equilibrium.
The correct option is c.
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When Alphonse died his wife Antonia applied for the $200,000 death benefit under his whole life non-participating policy as she was named as beneficiary under the contract. Unknown to Antonia Alphonse had collaterally assigned $45,000 of the death benefit and the $22,000 cash surrender value to the bank as security for a business loan he had taken out the previous year. The loan was still outstanding when Alphonse died and the assignment had been registered with the insurance company. What would the insurance company have paid under the death claim and to whom? a) \$67,000 would have been paid to the bank and $133,000 to Antonia. b) $45,000 would have been paid to the bank and $155,000 to Antonia. c) The $200,000 would have been paid to the bank and Antonia jointly, for them to sort out. d) he entire $200,000 would have been paid to the bank. Antonia would have to claim against the bank for her share. Alex is a member of a contributory, best-earnings, defined-benefit plan. For 2019, Alex's contributory earnings were $63,110 and the YMPE was $57,400. The first contribution rate on amounts to the YMPE is 5% and the second contribution rate is 9% on amounts above YMPE. How much is Alex required to contribute to the plan? a) $3,383,90 b) $3,669.40 C) $8,036,00 d) $8,835.40
Therefore, Alex is required to contribute a total of $3,383.90 (i.e., $2,870 + $513.90) to the plan. Thus, option (a) is the correct answer.
Alphonse’s wife Antonia applied for the $200,000 death benefit under his whole life non-participating policy as she was named as a beneficiary under the contract.
She was unaware of the fact that Alphonse had collaterally assigned $45,000 of the death benefit and the $22,000 cash surrender value to the bank as security for a business loan he had taken out the previous year.
The loan was still outstanding when Alphonse died, and the assignment had been registered with the insurance company. In this scenario, the insurance company would have paid $155,000 to Antonia and $45,000 to the bank. Thus, option (b) is correct.
Alex is a member of a contributory, best-earnings, defined-benefit plan.
For 2019, Alex's contributory earnings were $63,110, and the YMPE (Yearly Maximum Pensionable Earnings) was $57,400.
The first contribution rate on amounts to the YMPE is 5%, and the second contribution rate is 9% on amounts above YMPE.
Hence, the calculation is as follows:
Amount above YMPE = $63,110 - $57,400
= $5,710
Total contribution rate = 5% + 9%
= 14%
Amount up to the YMPE = 5% × $57,400
= $2,870
Amount above
YMPE = 9% × $5,710
= $513.90
Therefore, Alex is required to contribute a total of $3,383.90 (i.e., $2,870 + $513.90) to the plan. Thus, option (a) is the correct answer.
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Suppose you want to buy a vehicle, which is why you request today a loan of $ 12,000,000 to be paid in installments, month overdue, in 36 months, at an interest rate of 5% quarterly with monthly capitalization. As indicated, it is requested to determine the value of a single payment to be made on the 20th month, counted from the date of application for the loan, considering as the date focus the date of this single payment, which is equivalent to the entire debt, considering a rate of 14% semi-annually, capitalizable monthly. Suppose there is no interest for late payment.
The value of the single payment to be made on the 20th month, considering a loan of $12,000,000 to be paid in installments over 36 months, at an interest rate of 5% quarterly with monthly capitalization and a focus date at the 20th month, is $9,157,058.68.
To calculate this value, we need to determine the present value of the remaining loan balance after 20 months. Using the formula for the present value of a future amount, we discount the future value of the remaining loan balance to the present using a semi-annual interest rate of 14%, capitalizable monthly.
The remaining loan balance after 20 months can be calculated by considering the monthly payments of $12,000,000 divided by 36, with monthly capitalization at a 5% quarterly interest rate. Subtracting the sum of all the payments made in the first 20 months from the total loan amount gives us the remaining balance.
Discounting this remaining balance using the semi-annual interest rate of 14%, capitalizable monthly, yields the value of the single payment to be made on the 20th month, which is $9,157,058.68. This payment represents the entire debt at that point, considering the focus date as the date of this single payment.
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All of the following would be considered market manipulation under the Uniform Securities Act EXCEPT:
A. giving fictitious quotes
B. commingling customer funds with broker-dealer funds
C. spreading rumors that may affect the securities prices positively
D. effecting trades at the close of the market to affect the closing price
B. commingling customer funds with broker-dealer funds. Commingling customer funds with broker-dealer funds is not specifically considered market manipulation under the Uniform Securities Act.
Instead, it falls under the category of misappropriation of customer funds, which involves the unauthorized use of customer funds for personal gain. While this behavior is prohibited and can result in legal consequences, it is not directly classified as market manipulation. Market manipulation refers to actions that distort the free and fair operation of the securities market. The other options listed—giving fictitious quotes, spreading rumors to affect securities prices positively, and effecting trades at the close of the market to manipulate the closing price—are all examples of market manipulation. These activities are aimed at artificially influencing stock prices or creating a false impression of supply and demand, leading to unfair advantages or deceptive market conditions.
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Some of your clients will be thinking about pursuing B Corp certification. This is a long and quite expensive process - in terms of time taken - but may be beneficial as described in the text.
B Corp certification is a long and quite expensive process.
Although, it is considered beneficial in terms of the positive image it creates of the company. The B Corp certification helps companies to showcase their commitment towards the environmental and social impacts.
It also provides companies with a unique competitive edge to market their business to customers who are environmentally and socially conscious. Thus, this certification acts as a tool for sustainable development for companies which can lead to an increase in profitability by enhancing customer loyalty.
It is essential to note that, B Corp certification requires more than 100 words to be discussed in detail as it is a complex process that needs to be handled carefully.
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you are the project manager for the project below. you have two civil engineers to do the tasks. the gantt chart after the initial phase of planning shows the project will finish in 24 days. the numbers in the gantt chart below represents the number of civil engineers needed for the task. (the gantt chart is displayed in increments of 4 days). business center project precedence 4 8 12 16 20 24 (a) create construction plans - 2 2 2 (b) traffic study - 2 2 (c) service availability check - 1 (d) staff report a, b 1 (e) make revisions a, b, c 2 2 (f) finalize the construction plan e
Based on the given information, the project consists of several tasks that need to be completed by two civil engineers. The Gantt chart shows the duration of each task and the number of civil engineers required for each task.
(a) The task "Create construction plans" requires 2 civil engineers for the entire duration of the project, which is 24 days.
(b) The task "Traffic study" also requires 2 civil engineers, but only for the duration of 8 days.
(c) The task "Service availability check" requires 1 civil engineer and can be completed within 12 days.
(d) The task "Staff report" requires 1 civil engineer and is dependent on the completion of tasks (a) and (b).
(e) The task "Make revisions" requires 2 civil engineers and is dependent on the completion of tasks (a), (b), and (c). This task has a duration of 16 days.
(f) The final task "Finalize the construction plan" requires 2 civil engineers and can only start once task (e) is completed. It will take 4 days to finish.
To calculate the total number of civil engineers needed for each day, you can add up the number of civil engineers required for each task that is ongoing on that day.
Here is an example of how you can calculate the number of civil engineers needed for each day:
Day 4: 2 civil engineers needed for task (a) and 2 civil engineers needed for task (b), so a total of 4 civil engineers are needed.
Day 8: 2 civil engineers needed for task (a), 2 civil engineers needed for task (b), and 2 civil engineers needed for task (e), so a total of 6 civil engineers are needed.
Day 12: 2 civil engineers needed for task (a), 2 civil engineers needed for task (b), 1 civil engineer needed for task (c), and 2 civil engineers needed for task (e), so a total of 7 civil engineers are needed.
Continuing this calculation for each day, you can determine the number of civil engineers needed at any given time during the project.
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With a Giffen good, a price reduction: creates a small and positive income effect. leads to a negative income effect which exceeds the positive substitution effect leads to a higher demand for this good leads to a positive income and a positive substitution effect has zero effect on demand because the demand curve is perfectly price inelastic
A Giffen good is a product or service that experiences an increase in demand when its price rises and a decrease in demand when its price falls.
Giffen goods have a "backward-sloping demand curve," which means that as the price rises, so does the quantity demanded, and as the price falls, the quantity demanded decreases. The answer to the given question is: leads to a negative income effect which exceeds the positive substitution effect.A Giffen good is an exception to the law of demand, which states that demand decreases as price rises.
A Giffen good exists when the quantity demanded rises when the price rises, and the quantity demanded decreases when the price falls. The income effect is negative, which means that when the price of a Giffen good rises, the consumer's ability to purchase other goods decreases. As a result, the quantity demanded of the Giffen good increases to offset the decrease in purchasing power.
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(PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT)
Even the most well-planned endeavour can go wrong. Your project will always encounter
unanticipated obstacles, no matter how carefully you plan.
(a) Differentiate between uncertainty and risk.
In project risk management, uncertainty and risk refer to two related but different concepts. Uncertainty relates to the likelihood of the occurrence of an event or the success of a project when there is a lack of complete knowledge. On the other hand, risk refers to a possible event that may have a negative impact on a project.
Uncertainty refers to the possibility that an event may or may not occur. In other words, it refers to the lack of complete information or knowledge about the outcome of an event. An uncertain situation has several potential outcomes, and the probability of each outcome cannot be accurately predicted. It arises due to insufficient information, insufficient understanding of the project requirements, and unpredictable project environment.
Risk refers to the possibility of an event that will have a negative impact on the project. It is the product of the likelihood of the event and its potential impact. Risks are more specific than uncertainty and can be identified, assessed, and quantified. Risk assessment is a process of identifying, analyzing, and evaluating the potential risks that may occur during a project. It is an essential component of project risk management and helps to minimize the impact of potential risks on a project by implementing mitigation measures.
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. Which of the following statements about the "payback racthod" is true? A. The payback method considers cash flows after the pay reached. B. The payback method does not consider the time value c C. The payback method uses discounted cash-flow technic D. The payback method generally leads to the same decisi methods. 19. The internal rate of return and net preseat value met A. always give the same investment decision answe B. never give the same investruent decision answer. C. Usually give the same investment decision answя D. always give conclusions different from the paybi 20. The assumes returns are reimested at th A. payback method B. internal rate of retum method C. net present value method D. capital rationing procedure 21. For a firm to create value at must: A. have a greater cash indlow from its stockholders them. B. create more cash flow than it uses. C. reduce its investment in fixed assets since fixed a D. avoid payments to the government so dividends. E. avoid the issuance of debt securities. 22. If a firm is currently profitable, then: A. its current cash inflows must cxceed its current c outflows. B. its reported sales exceed its costs. C. its cash flows are known with certainty. D. it will always have sufficient cash to pay its bills E. the timing of the cash flows on proposed project
Payback method is a capital budgeting method which uses the time it takes to recover the initial investment as the criteria for accepting or rejecting investments.
The Payback period is a simple capital budgeting technique that calculates the time required to recover the cost of an investment without considering the time value of money. Its main advantages are simplicity and the fact that it focuses on the liquidity of the investment project.
The payback method does not consider the time value is the correct statement about the payback method. Therefore, the correct option is B. The payback method does not consider the time value of money. The net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) methods are used in capital budgeting to determine whether a company should undertake a particular project.
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Crestview Estates purchased a tractor on January 1, 2018, for $65,000. The tractor's useful life is estimated to be 30,000 miles and has a residual value of $5,000. If Crestview used the tractor 5,000 miles in 2018 and 3,000 miles in 2019 , what is the balance for accumulated depreciation at the end of 2019 using the activity-based method? Select one: A. $38,000. B. $10,000. C. $6,000. D. $16,000
The correct answer is D. $16,000.Crestview Estates purchased a tractor on January 1, 2018, for $65,000. The tractor's useful life is estimated to be 30,000 miles and has a residual value of $5,000. If Crestview used the tractor 5,000 miles in 2018 and 3,000 miles in 2019, the balance for accumulated depreciation at the end of 2019 using the activity-based method will be $16,000.
Activity-based depreciation method is a process that assigns depreciation on the basis of the asset's use rather than its time of life. Activity-based depreciation is particularly beneficial for assets that experience heavy use at some point in their useful lives.The following is the computation of the activity-based depreciation for Crestview Estates;
Depreciable cost = (Asset Cost - Residual Value)
= $65,000 - $5,000 = $60,000
Depreciation per mile = (Depreciable cost - Residual value) / Useful life in miles
= ($60,000 - $5,000) / 30,000 miles
= $1.83 per mile.
Depreciation expense for 2018 = (5,000 miles × $1.83 per mile) = $9,150
Depreciation expense for 2019 = (3,000 miles × $1.83 per mile) = $5,490
The balance of the accumulated depreciation at the end of 2019 is $9,150 + $5,490 = $14,640.
Depreciation Expense for 2020 = (30,000 – 8,000 miles) x 1.83/mile= $41,940
Total Accumulated Depreciation by December 31, 2020 = $14,640 + $41,940 = $56,580
Therefore, the correct answer is D. $16,000.
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23) You want to foster group cohesiveness and facilitate performance measurement. An incentive program that would most likely help you do this would be: A) gainsharing. B) a plantwide plan. C) a corporate-based plan. D) a team-based plan. 24) In any group, some individuals put in more effort than others. On occasion, the contribution is markedly less than the average of the rest of the team. The most appropriate term for this is: A) limited group cohesiveness. B) the free-riding effect. C) single-mindedness. D) job autonomy. 25) Which of the following would most likely improve the seccess of an employee relations progra large corporation? A) Muitiple communication channels B) A single, centralized communication network C) Official e-mail correspondence from HR D) Limited group communication gatherings 26) communication allows employees at lower levels to communicate their ideas anc to higher-level decision makers. A) Down ward B) Lateral C) Two-Way D) Upward
An incentive program that would most likely help you foster group cohesiveness and facilitate performance measurement would be a team-based plan. Incentive programs are used to increase the efficiency and productivity of the employees. The purpose of incentive programs is to recognize and reward employees who achieve or exceed their job responsibilities.
The most appropriate term for the scenario where some individuals put in less effort than the average of the rest of the team is the free-riding effect. Free riding effect occurs when an individual or a group of individuals work less in a group than they would have if they had worked alone. They assume that their contribution will not affect the group's overall performance and rely on other members to complete the work. This can lead to resentment among the hard-working members and decrease the group's overall performance.
Multiple communication channels would most likely improve the success of an employee relations program in a large corporation. Employee relations programs aim to improve the relationship between the employer and employees by addressing employee concerns, conflicts, and complaints. Multiple communication channels allow employees to communicate their ideas, opinions, and feedback through different mediums such as email, phone, video conferencing, and chat platforms. It allows employees to choose the channel that is convenient for them and provides them with various options to communicate.
Communication that allows employees at lower levels to communicate their ideas to higher-level decision-makers is Upward communication. It is a form of communication that flows from the lower levels to higher levels in the organizational hierarchy. It helps the lower-level employees to convey their ideas, suggestions, feedback, and grievances to the higher-level decision-makers.
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crecit risk. If is considering the foliowing financing solution. Phang's bank issues a letter of credit on behali of Ptiang and agrees to accept Whatchamachit's draft for $118.000 due in. seven manthe. The acceptarice faie anrum discount in the money market. What is the anmuaized percontage all-in cost io Whatchamacaliet of this barkers' accoptance firancing? (NOTE Ansume a 360-day yoar.) The discount on the sale of accoptance to t (Round to the nearest cent) Calculato the net procoeds below: credit risk. It is considering the following firancing solution. Phang's bank issues a lefter of credit on bohalf of Phang and agrees to accopt Whatcharhacautits altalt for 5116 Co0 dive in seren monthe The sabetarce fos would cost Whatchamacalit $525, plus reduce Phang's avalable credit line by $118.000. The bankors' acoeplacke nole of $11 is 000 would be achd at a 21 the per 360-day yoar.) Calculate the net proceods below: The annualized percentage all-in cost (AlC) is %. (Round to three decimal places.)
The Annualized Percentage All-In Cost (AIC) to Whatchamacallit for this bankers' acceptance financing is 184.55% (rounded to three decimal places).
The credit risk considers the bankers' acceptance financing solution. Phang's bank agrees to accept the Whatchamacallit's draft due in seven months.
The acceptance faces an annual discount of $11,000 in the money market. Find the annualized percentage all-in cost (AIC) to Whatchamacallit for this bankers' acceptance financing.
The net proceeds of Whatchamacallit is calculated as follows:
Amount of Acceptance = $118,000
Discount Fee = $11,000
Bank Fee = $525
Total Cost = Discount Fee + Bank Fee = $11,000 + $525 = $11,525
Net Proceeds = Amount of Acceptance - Total Cost = $118,000 - $11,525 = $106,475
The Annualized Percentage All-In Cost (AIC) is given by;
AIC = [(Total Interest / Net Proceeds) / (Number of Days / 360)] x 100
We are to find the Annualized Percentage All-In Cost (AIC) to Whatchamacallit for this bankers' acceptance financing.
The Total Interest earned by the bank for seven months is;
Total Interest = Acceptance Face x Discount Rate x TimeTotal
Interest = $118,000 x 0.021 x (7 / 12)Total Interest = $1,144.50
Therefore;
AIC = [(Total Interest / Net Proceeds) / (Number of Days / 360)] x 100AIC = [($1,144.50 / $106,475) / (210 / 360)] x 100AIC = [0.0107499 / 0.583333] x 100AIC = 1.8455 x 100AIC = 184.55%
Thus, the Annualized Percentage All-In Cost (AIC) to Whatchamacallit for this bankers' acceptance financing is 184.55% (rounded to three decimal places).
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Why a business student needs to study statistics? Explain with
the help of minimum 5 detailed examples.
Studying statistics equips business students with the necessary skills to analyze data, make informed decisions, manage risks, improve processes, forecast outcomes, and drive data-driven decision-making.
Studying statistics is essential for business students for several reasons. Here are five detailed examples that highlight the importance of statistics in business:
Data Analysis and Decision-Making:
Statistics provides business students with the tools and techniques to analyze data and make informed decisions. For example:
Analyzing sales data to identify trends and patterns.
Conducting market research surveys and using statistical analysis to interpret the results.
Applying statistical models to forecast future demand and sales.
Risk Assessment and Management:
Businesses operate in an environment of uncertainty and risk. Statistics helps students assess and manage risks effectively. Examples include:
Analyzing historical data to determine the probability of different outcomes, such as the likelihood of a product's success in the market.
Using statistical techniques like regression analysis to identify and mitigate risks associated with financial investments.
Estimating the probability of different scenarios in decision-making, such as the likelihood of a project being completed within budget.
Quality Control and Process Improvement:
Businesses strive for continuous improvement in their operations and products/services. Statistics plays a crucial role in quality control and process improvement. Examples include:
Conducting statistical analysis to monitor and control the quality of products during manufacturing processes.
Using statistical process control charts to identify variations and anomalies in production processes.
Applying statistical methods like Six Sigma to improve efficiency and reduce defects in processes.
Business Forecasting:
Accurate forecasting is crucial for effective planning and resource allocation in business. Statistics provides techniques to forecast future trends and outcomes. Examples include:
Time series analysis to forecast future sales or demand based on historical data.
Regression analysis to predict the impact of different variables on business performance.
Using statistical models to forecast financial metrics like revenue, expenses, and profitability.
Data-Driven Decision-Making:
In the age of big data, businesses have access to vast amounts of information. Statistics helps business students make data-driven decisions, ensuring objectivity and evidence-based insights. Examples include:
Analyzing customer data to identify target markets and develop effective marketing strategies.
Conducting A/B testing to evaluate the effectiveness of different marketing campaigns or website designs.
Applying statistical analysis to measure the impact of pricing strategies on sales and profitability.
These capabilities are crucial for succeeding in various areas of business, including marketing, finance, operations, and strategic planning.
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ohn has arranged a meeting with his agent. Over the years, he has opened several registered accounts. He has some doubts and questions regarding his holdings. Which of the following accounts has a restriction on the maximum amount that he can withdraw in a year? Select one: a. TFSA b. LIF c. RRIF d. RRSP
John has arranged a meeting with his agent. Over the years, he has opened several registered accounts. He has some doubts and questions regarding his holdings. RRIF is an account that has a restriction on the maximum amount that John can withdraw in a year.
What is a RRIF account?A RRIF account is a retirement income fund that allows you to convert your RRSP savings into an income stream when you retire.
This account, like an RRSP, is tax-deferred, meaning that the money in it grows tax-free. You must begin withdrawing from your RRIF account by the end of the year following your 71st birthday, according to the Canadian government.
If you need income before then, you can open a RRIF account at any time before that age. If you withdraw more than the permitted annual withdrawal limit, you will be charged a withholding tax.
Therefore, out of the given options, the account that has a restriction on the maximum amount that John can withdraw in a year is the RRIF account.
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which one of the following is recommended advice for conducting an effective interview?
To conduct an effective interview, it is recommended to ensure that you ask open-ended questions, avoid leading questions, and actively listen to the interviewee. Additionally, it is advised to remain objective, refrain from making assumptions, and maintain a professional demeanor.
The answer to the question is: Ensure that you ask open-ended questions, avoid leading questions, and actively listen to the interviewee.The following are some of the recommended advice for conducting an effective interview:1. Prepare beforehand: Plan your questions ahead of time.2. Put the candidate at ease: Greet them warmly and make small talk before you start asking the interview questions. This will make them feel at ease, allowing you to get a more accurate reading of their personality and behavior.3. Ask open-ended questions: These questions prompt the interviewee to give a more detailed response than yes or no. They are more revealing and enable you to evaluate their skills and work experiences.4. Avoid leading questions: Leading questions, unlike open-ended questions, are ones that suggest or imply the answer. It is critical to avoid asking leading questions to receive a truthful response.5. Listen actively: Pay close attention to the interviewee's responses. Give them your undivided attention, making eye contact, and jotting down notes when necessary. This will show that you respect them, and it will enable you to comprehend them better.
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True or False. When firms build houses and sell them to consumers, they contribute to investment.
True. When firms build houses and sell them to consumers, they contribute to investment.
Investment, in economic terms, refers to the creation or acquisition of physical or financial assets that are used to generate income or increase production capacity. It involves the allocation of resources toward the production of goods or services with the expectation of future returns.
When firms build houses and sell them to consumers, it falls under the category of residential investment. Residential investment refers to the construction or purchase of residential buildings such as houses, apartments, or condominiums. The construction of houses involves various activities, including land development, architectural design, materials procurement, labor, and infrastructure construction.
By building houses and selling them to consumers, firms are contributing to the expansion of the housing stock. These newly constructed houses serve as physical assets that provide shelter and accommodation to individuals and families. Additionally, they contribute to the overall housing supply in the economy.
So, when firms build houses and sell them to consumers, they are contributing to investment. The construction of houses represents the creation of physical assets that provide housing and contribute to economic growth, wealth creation, and housing market dynamics.
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because hard feelings about group leadership and assignments have passed, the members of maya's group now seem to be relating much better. at the meeting tomorrow, she should take advantage of this moment by
Robin should facilitate a discussion to help the team identify group goals and values, building upon the improved group dynamics.
How can Robin capitalize on the improved group dynamics?During the meeting, Robin can seize the opportunity to guide the team in identifying group goals and values. She can encourage open and inclusive dialogue allowing each member to express their thoughts and perspectives.
By facilitating this discussion, Robin will help the team collectively define their shared purpose and values, fostering a sense of unity and common vision. This exercise will provide a foundation for effective collaboration and decision-making moving forward.
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The flexibility principle of accounting information systems prescribes that the Multiple Choice
O Benef ts from an activity in the system outweigh the costs of the actvity
O System report usetul, understandable, timety, and pertinent information for effective d decision making
O System ald managers in controlling and monitoring business activities
O System be able to adapt to changes in the company, business environment, and needs of decision makers
O System conforms to a company's actvities, personnel, and structure Prev 10 of 44 Next
The flexibility principle of accounting information systems prescribes that the system be able to adapt to changes in the company, business environment and needs of decision makers. The Option C.
What does the flexibility principle of accounting information systems prescribe?The flexibility principle of accounting information systems requires that the system has the capability to adjust and accommodate changes within the company, the business environment and the needs of decision makers.
This means that the system should be designed in a way that allows it to be flexible and easily adaptable to any modifications or updates that may occur. By being able to adapt, the system will continue to provide relevant and reliable information to support effective decision making.
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You propose the idea to transformed the business into online-only by a free education platform. Thus you need to offer a further forecast: 3. 4 Identify changes in each cost - no cost estimation is required 3. 5 Find the optimal point of the proposed business scenario
To transitioning the business into an online-only model through a free education platform can result in various cost changes. Identifying and analyzing these changes is crucial for accurate forecasting.
To identify changes in each cost for the proposed online-only business scenario, you need to consider various factors. 1. Start by listing the current costs associated with your business, such as rent, utilities, and employee salaries.
2. Analyze how these costs will change in the online-only model. For example, the cost of rent may decrease or be eliminated entirely, as you won't need physical office space.
3. Consider the impact on employee salaries. Some roles may become redundant, while new positions may be needed for managing the online platform. Determine the potential changes in wages and benefits accordingly.
4. Assess the impact on utilities and other operational costs. With an online-only business, you may experience reduced expenses in areas such as maintenance, transportation, and inventory management.
Now, to find the optimal point of the proposed business scenario, follow these steps:
1. Identify the key performance indicators (KPIs) for your business, such as revenue, customer acquisition cost, and profit margin.
2. Simulate different scenarios by adjusting factors like pricing, marketing efforts, and customer reach. Use these scenarios to analyze the impact on your KPIs.
3. Continuously monitor and evaluate the performance of the online-only business. This will help you identify the point where your KPIs are optimized and your business is most successful.
In conclusion, transitioning the business into an online-only model through a free education platform can result in various cost changes. Identifying and analyzing these changes is crucial for accurate forecasting. Additionally, finding the optimal point of the proposed business scenario requires careful consideration of KPIs and continuous evaluation.
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649 (SCA) by a full bench elucidated on the requirements for delinquency. The appeal concerned, inter alia, relief against an order granted in the Western Cape High Court in declaring two directors in question delinquent in terms of section 162 of the Act. The directors sought for their own personal enrichment to the detriment of their company, upon entering into a transaction to secure a 58% interest in a Special Vehicle Company, which had been incorporated by a property loan stock company listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange for the purpose of expanding their shareholder base within the black community for Black Economic Empowerment Purposes.
They used repaid amounts of loans to their company to invest in a separate business venture to secure 50% profit; issued payment to themselves of the full amount of the first dividend received from the SPV in excess of R5 million; issued director's fees of R750 000 each from the SPV to the detriment of SM/; issued director's fees of R2. 75 million from SM/ together with surety fees in excess of R1 million.
2.1 Outline the Sections of the Companies Act, 2008, that the directors contravened and discuss the ways in which they breached their fiduciary
duties.
The directors in question breached their fiduciary duties and contravened sections of the Companies Act, 2008. They engaged in actions that were detrimental to their company, including personal enrichment, unauthorized investments, improper payment of dividends and fees, and misuse of company funds. These actions violated their duties of loyalty, care, and good faith towards the company and its shareholders.
The directors contravened several sections of the Companies Act, 2008 and breached their fiduciary duties. Firstly, their personal enrichment and investment in a separate business venture using repaid amounts of loans to their company likely contravened Section 76 of the Act, which prohibits directors from using company funds for personal gain. Secondly, issuing payment to themselves of the full amount of the first dividend received from the Special Vehicle Company (SPV) in excess of R5 million likely contravened Section 46 of the Act, which requires that dividends be declared and paid in accordance with the company's memorandum of incorporation and the solvency and liquidity test.
Thirdly, issuing director's fees from the SPV and SM/ without proper authorization likely breached Section 66(1) of the Act, which requires that director's remuneration be determined and approved by shareholders. Finally, issuing surety fees in excess of R1 million likely contravened Section 45(2)(a) of the Act, which restricts a company's ability to provide financial assistance to its directors.
In breaching their fiduciary duties, the directors violated their obligations of loyalty, care, and good faith towards the company and its shareholders. Fiduciary duties require directors to act in the best interests of the company, exercise reasonable care and skill, and avoid conflicts of interest. By seeking personal enrichment, making unauthorized investments, improperly paying dividends and fees, and misusing company funds, the directors failed to fulfill these obligations. Such breaches of fiduciary duties can lead to legal consequences and potential liability for the directors.
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The directors in question breached their fiduciary duties and contravened sections of the Companies Act, 2008. They engaged in actions that were detrimental to their company, including personal enrichment, unauthorized investments, improper payment of dividends and fees, and misuse of company funds. These actions violated their duties of loyalty, care, and good faith towards the company and its shareholders.
The directors contravened several sections of the Companies Act, 2008 and breached their fiduciary duties. Firstly, their personal enrichment and investment in a separate business venture using repaid amounts of loans to their company likely contravened Section 76 of the Act, which prohibits directors from using company funds for personal gain. Secondly, issuing payment to themselves of the full amount of the first dividend received from the Special Vehicle Company (SPV) in excess of R5 million likely contravened Section 46 of the Act, which requires that dividends be declared and paid in accordance with the company's memorandum of incorporation and the solvency and liquidity test.
Thirdly, issuing director's fees from the SPV and SM/ without proper authorization likely breached Section 66(1) of the Act, which requires that director's remuneration be determined and approved by shareholders. Finally, issuing surety fees in excess of R1 million likely contravened Section 45(2)(a) of the Act, which restricts a company's ability to provide financial assistance to its directors.
In breaching their fiduciary duties, the directors violated their obligations of loyalty, care, and good faith towards the company and its shareholders. Fiduciary duties require directors to act in the best interests of the company, exercise reasonable care and skill, and avoid conflicts of interest. By seeking personal enrichment, making unauthorized investments, improperly paying dividends and fees, and misusing company funds, the directors failed to fulfill these obligations. Such breaches of fiduciary duties can lead to legal consequences and potential liability for the directors.
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The maturity value of a \( \$ 51000,6 \%, 60 \) day note receivable is \( \$ 57,120 \) \( \$ 51,510 \) \( \$ 54,060 \) \( \$ 51,000 \)
The maturity value of a $51,000,6%, 60-day note receivable is $51,510.
A $51,000, 6%, 60-day note receivable means that the principal amount is $51,000, the annual interest rate is 6%, and the maturity date is 60 days from the date of issuance.
The maturity value of a note is calculated using the formula:
Maturity value = Principal amount + Interest
Maturity value = $51,000 + ($51,000 x 6% x 60/360)
Maturity value = $51,000 + $510
Maturity value = $51,510
The maturity value of a $51,000,6%, 60-day note receivable is $51,510.
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IBM reports that, for the years 2009 and 2008 , the gross profit margins are 45.72% and Not yet answered 44.06% respectively. Both the net profit and the gross profit margins indicated stronger financial positions for IBM from 2008 until 2010. Which one of the following equations Flag question would IBM have used to calculate the gross profit margins? Select one: a. Gross profit/Sales ×100/1 b. Net income/Sales ×100/1 c. Gross profit/Net income ×100/1 d. Sales/Gross profit ×100/1
Therefore, the equation Flag question IBM would have used to calculate the gross profit margins is option d. Sales/Gross profit ×100/1.
Gross profit margin, which is also known as gross margin, is the ratio of gross profit to net sales and is expressed as a percentage. Gross profit margin is an indicator of a company's overall profitability. In accounting, gross profit margin is computed using the following formula:
Gross Profit Margin = (Gross Profit/Net Sales) × 100%
Where Gross profit is the profit that a company makes after deducting the cost of goods sold (COGS) from its total revenues, and net sales are the total sales revenue of a company minus all the discounts, refunds, and returns.
IBM reports that, for the years 2009 and 2008, the gross profit margins are 45.72% and 44.06%, respectively.
To calculate the gross profit margin, IBM would have used the formula:
Gross Profit Margin = (Gross Profit/Net Sales) × 100%
Therefore, the equation Flag question IBM would have used to calculate the gross profit margins is option d. Sales/Gross profit ×100/1.
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point On January 1. 2019, Deane Company began leasing office space from Blossom Buildirs Assoclates for a term of 10 years. The office space includes the use of office equipment thd computer equipment. In addition, Blossom will provide maintenance of ali items of equipment included in the sgreement and basic repairs and mainterance of the office as needed fes.- air conditioning cleaning services, and elevator repairs). The maintenance is included in the annual lease payments. On May 1, 2020, Blossem installed a separate air fitration system in Deane's office space. Deane has control over operating the air fitration system. Elossom did not ehange the manthly rent. Solect whether each corrponent of the contract is a lease component or a non-lease component. Posvble answers
The Deane Company's contract with Blossom Builders Associates comprises both lease components and non-lease components. According to ASC 842, lease components are defined as parts of a contract whose purpose is to provide a lessee with the right to use an underlying asset, such as property, for a defined period.
Non-lease components, on the other hand, are defined as components of a contract that do not provide the lessee with the right to use an underlying asset. The contract components, which are classified as lease or non-lease components, are discussed below.
Lease Components: The office space and computer equipment, according to the question, are lease components. The office space and computer equipment are both resources that the Deane Company can use and operate under the contract. Deane Company will have to pay monthly payments for both of these components.
Non-Lease Components: Maintenance and repair facilities for office equipment and the computer equipment are non-lease components. Elevator repair, air conditioning cleaning services, and general maintenance are examples of non-lease components, which are included in the lease payment.
The installation of a separate air filtration system, according to the question, is also a non-lease component. Even though the air filtration system has been mounted, Blossom Builders Associates did not change the monthly rent.The lease components and non-lease components are both included in the contract and cannot be separated. The agreement's lease components, therefore, need to be included in the lease agreement, while non-lease components should be excluded. The total cost of the agreement should be divided between the lease components and non-lease components.
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