Micron filtration is a type of water-treatment process that uses a screen to remove microorganisms and chemical pollutants from water.
How does micron filtration work?A micron filter is what? Water is cleaned by micron filters to remove dirt, debris, and even microscopic particles. Microns are the unit of measurement for a filter cartridge's pore size. The particulate eliminated is finer the lower the micron rating.
What does chemical treatment entail when treating water?Physical-chemical methods are designed to remove a variety of contaminants from water, starting with organic and inorganic compounds and ending with biological pollution. Chemical water treatment can be used to successfully remove both toxic organic and inorganic compounds.
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Zonation in aquatic zones includes all of the following except the ________ zone.
Zonation in aquatic zones includes all except the detritus zone.
Zonation can be defines as the distribution of a biome into different zones according to the distribution and variety of species present on that area. In aquatic area, the zones are classified as: Littoral Zone, Limnetic Zone, Profundal Zone, Euphotic Zone, and Benthic Zone.
Detritus zone is the one where the detritivores are found. The detritovores are the organisms that feed on dead and decaying organic matter of plants and animals. Detritivores are present in the littoral zone. However since it is buried deep down on the earth. it is not directly the part of aquatic zones.
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flying squirrels and sugar gliders both have extra flaps of skin that allow them to glide from tree to tree. these two groups are not closely related. the trait of extra flaps of skin are an example of .
The extra flaps of skin are an example of Convergent evolution.
What is Convergent evolution?
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of capabilities which might be comparable in species spanning over exclusive eras. Convergent evolution produces analogous systems having comparable features or forms.
However, they're now no longer visible withinside the last common ancestor of these units.
These structures do not reflect homology, even though they are analogous. There are similarities in the phenotypic level, where apparent characteristics are shared by lineages. The implicit DNA sequences, however, vary.
Convergent evolution occurs when species take similar ecological niches, where they accommodate in a kind of similar manner by responding to selective pressures that are similar.
Characteristics coming via Convergent evolution are called 'analogous structures'.
Therefore, the extra flaps of skin in both flying squirrels and sugar gliders are an example of Convergent evolution.
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if coli was growing without any extra mutagens, would you expect its genome to have any mutations? how would mutagen exposure change this?
In nature, mutations happen very infrequently; introducing mutagens would increase the number of mutations already in the genome.
What three categories of mutagens are there?Physical, chemical, or biological mutagens are all examples of mutagens. Mutagenicity refers to a substance's capacity to cause mutations or changes to DNA base pairs.
What are the different kinds of mutagens?Different Mutagens
Based on where they come from, mutagens can be divided into three categories. These are what they are: bodily mutagens: Radiation exposure, including such X-rays, gamma radiation, and alpha particles, is among them. Additionally, ultraviolet radiations have the potential to be carcinogens.
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Histones that are tightly wound by dna and are the basic unit of chromatin are called.
Histones that are tightly wound by DNA and are the basic unit of chromatin are called nucleosomes.
In the field of biology, a nucleosome can be described as a structure in which the DNA is wrapped around proteins called histones.
The nucleosome contains eight histone proteins which are the major region for wrapping up the DNA and hence form the basic unit of the chromatin structure.
The nucleosome, consisting of the proteins and the DNA, forms the chromatin.
The occurrence of nucleosomes is possible because the positively cared histone proteins can bind to the negatively charged DNA.
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A cell has a mutation that results in higher levels of phosphorylated proteins than normal cells without the mutation. What kind of mutation could have occurred and what reasoning leads to this claim?.
A sensitive and dynamic method of controlling protein activity, stability, protein interaction, and subcellular localization is provided by phosphorylation. Multiple kinases frequently target global regulators, changing the expression of numerous genes.
Kinase mutations can deactivate apoptotic pathways, activate proliferative pathways that disrupt cell cycle checkpoints and lead to genomic instability, inhibit or eliminate DNA damage response, increase angiogenesis and cell motility, or all of the above.Kinase mutations can decrease or abolish the DNA damage response, increase angiogenesis and cell motility, activate proliferative pathways that break cell cycle checkpoints and cause genomic instability, or do all of the above.Hanks-type kinases and phosphatases are used by bacteria for signal transduction, just like eukaryotes, and protein phosphorylation is involved in a variety of cellular processes.
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What is the one part of the body that helps the digestive?.
The pharynx is the one part of the body that helps the digestive system and respiratory systems work together by allowing air to travel from the nasal cavity to the respiratory system and by preventing air from entering the digestive system.
In addition to helping with breathing, the respiratory system prevents harmful particles from entering the body when eating, sneezing, or coughing. Air is transported from the mouth and nose to the trachea, also known as the windpipe, by the pharynx, also known as the throat, which is a flexible muscular tube with a funnel-like shape. It also connects the nasal and oral canals to the esophagus and larynx.
The pharynx is necessary for both the respiratory and digestive systems. It allows air to travel from the nasal cavity to the lungs, larynx, and trachea.
The nasopharynx is a part of the throat where the epiglottis is situated. The esophagus aperture is kept covered to prevent air from entering the digestive system.
The complete question is:
What is the one part of the body that helps the digestive system and respiratory systems work together?
a.nose
b.lughs.
c.trachea
d.pharynx
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how would the hedgehog pathway likely be affected if ift-a trafficking was disrupted in the presence of hedgehog ligand? group of answer choices
The correct answer is that Ptch1 and Smo would both be found in the primary cilium.
The Hedgehog signaling route is a signaling pathway that provides embryonic cells with the information they need to differentiate properly. Hedgehog signaling proteins are present in various amounts throughout the embryo.
When the SHH ligand attaches to the transmembrane protein PTCH1, the SHH pathway is triggered, which then activates the pathway. As a result of this interaction, smoothened (SMO) is released and its downstream genes are activated, which ultimately results in the expression of the oncogene Gli-1, which encourages cell division and aids in the development of tumors.
From the cell membrane to the nucleus, it is a highly conserved evolutionary pathway for signal transmission. The Hh signaling pathway is crucial to the development of the embryo.
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The complete question is :
In the absence of the Hedgehog ligand, the Ptch1 receptor is localized to the primary cilium. When the Hedgehog ligand binds Ptch1, Ptch1 exits the primary cilium and Smo enters to initiate pathway activation. How would the Hedgehog pathway likely be affected if IFT-A trafficking was disrupted in the presence of Hedgehog ligand?
A. Ptch1 and Smo would both be found in the primary cilium
B. Ptch1 and Smo would both be absent from the primary cilium
C. Ptch1 would stay in the primary cilium and Smo would stay out
D. Smo would enter into the primary cilium and Ptch1 would exit out
E. Hedgehog pathway would be normal because kinesin-2 and dynein 2 remain normal
When dna is copied, sometimes one or more of its nitrogen bases are copied incorrectly. How do you predict that a change to a single nitrogen base, such as an adenine or an thymine, could affect the function of a gene? use science reasoning to support your prediction.
When a nitrogen base is changed it can affect the function of a gene by being transcribed into a non-synonym codon and therefore also being translated into a distinct protein.
Mutations also result from the addition of one or more bases, known as an insertion, or the removal of one or more bases, known as a deletion.
When one DNA molecule is copied to make two DNA molecules, each new DNA contains 100% of the parent DNA. DNA replication uses each strand of a DNA molecule as a template and create the new strand of DNA. These mutation can also alter in the nucleotide (DNA) sequence of the genome of an organism.
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radish flowers may be red, purple, or white. a cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant yields all-purple offspring. the flower color trait in radishes is an example of which of the following inheritance patterns? group of answer choices a multiple allelic system incomplete dominance codominance sex linkage
Flowers on radishes can be white, purple, or red. Purple children are produced when a white-flowered plant and a red-flowered plant are crossed. An illustration of an incomplete dominant inheritance pattern is the flower color of the radish.
When both alleles are present at the same time, this pattern of inheritance is referred to as partial dominance since neither allele is totally dominant over the other. The white blossom allele is only marginally more dominant than the red flower gene. Pink is created by combining red and white.
Wavy hair is an illustration of incomplete dominance in humans. The two alleles for curly or straight hair are present. If a person has homozygosity for both types of these alleles, their hair will either be straight or curly.
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Which is the result of smooth endoplasmic reticulum being damaged in liver cells by excess alcohol consumption?.
The result of smooth endoplasmic reticulum being damaged in liver cells by excess alcohol consumption is the inability to detoxify harmful substances.
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubular membranes that are present in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum has two forms: one has a ribosomal surface (rough endoplasmic reticulum), and the other has a smooth surface (smooth endoplasmic reticulum).
These membranes join the outer layer of the nuclear membrane after forming continuous folds.
The endoplasmic reticulum is observed in every type of eukaryotic cell except red blood cells and sperm cells.
Therefore, the result of smooth endoplasmic reticulum being damaged in liver cells by excess alcohol consumption is the inability to detoxify harmful substances.
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When biological membranes are frozen and then fractured, they tend to break along the middle of the bilayer. The best explanation for this is that _____.
When biological membranes are frozen and then fractured, they tend to break along the bilayer middle. The best explanation for this is that when membrane surfaces are frozen, hydrophilic connections between them might be lost.
Phosphate and lipid molecules are arranged in a two-layered arrangement that makes up the phospholipid bilayer. The hydrophobic lipid ends of this cell membrane point inward, whereas the hydrophilic phosphate ends point outward. Since the hydrophobic interactions are weakest in the middle, they will break here at freezing temperatures. A membrane's bilayer splits in half between its two phospholipid layers when it is freeze-fractured.
Integral proteins are the bumps seen on the membrane's cracked surface in an electron micrograph of a membrane that has been frozen. The phospholipid bilayer is broken in half using the freeze-fracture technique.
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What is the process of releasing water through holes in the leaves of plants?
What types of genetic information must be copied for the next generation of cells?.
Type of genetic information that must be copied for the next generation of cells is DNA.
What genetic information is copied for next generation?Genes carry biological information that has to be copied properly for transmission to the next generation, each time a cell divides to form two daughter cells.
Firstly, information which is stored in the DNA molecule must be copied, every time a cell divides. This helps in ensuring that both daughter cells inherit the complete set of genetic information from the parent cell. Secondly, information stored in the DNA molecule must be either translated or expressed.
Genetic information is passed from generation to generation through the inherited units of chemical information.
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If the main features and contours of the ocean floor were fully mapped, scientists would
be better able to study and understand wave refraction. What is the MOST likely reason
that this is the case?
A:Refracted waves can turn into whirlpools far above ocean basins.
B:Waves curve more tightly around sunken objects like shipwrecks.
C:Waves slow and change direction due to friction with the seabed.
D:Refraction occurs most frequently over ocean trenches or valleys.
The option (D) is correct. Refraction occurs most frequently over ocean trenches or valleys.
What do you mean by refraction?Refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. The redirection can be caused by the wave's change in speed or by a change in the medium.
Moreover, light waves change speed when they pass across the boundary between two substances with a different density , such as air and glass. This causes them to change direction.
Therefore, the bending of light (it also happens with sound, water and other waves) as it passes from one transparent substance into another. This bending by refraction makes it possible for us to have lenses, magnifying glasses, prisms and rainbows. Even our eyes depend upon this bending of light.
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The physical symptoms of cholera present only after a specific series of events has taken place. What is the most likely sequence of events in the pathogenesis of v. Cholerae?.
Cholera is an infectious disease that occurs when it enters the body. This will have a series of symptoms after admission.
What are the symptoms that will occur?The V. cholerae will be found in contaminated water that is ingested by the individual, if the V. cholerae survives it will pass from the stomach to the intestine and there it will adhere through the pili (which are its adhesins) and then begin to produce cholera toxins. This will cause the host cells to begin to break down, leading to severe diarrhea.
After dealing the damage, the v. cholerae will leave the host via feces. This will cause profuse dehydration in the individual which can lead to death.
It can also generate painful muscle cramps due to the loss of potassium that occurs thanks to profuse diarrhea.
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when f conjugation occurs successfully, only one copy of the f plasmid single-stranded dna is transferred. what else must minimally occur? when f conjugation occurs successfully, only one copy of the f plasmid single-stranded dna is transferred. what else must minimally occur? rolling circle replication in the recipient cell circularization plus replication of the new recipient dna continuation of rolling circle replication in the donor cell and replication in the recipient cell circularization of the recipient's new dna stopping the rolling circle replication after one copy length, circularization, and replication
The minimum occurrence after one copy of F plasmid single-stranded DNA is transferred in successful F conjugation is: stopping the rolling circle replication after one copy length, circularization, and replication.
Conjugation is the process of transfer of genetic material from one organism to another by establishing direct contact between them. The organism that transfers the genetic material is called donor while the organism that receives is called recipient.
Rolling circle replication is the process where unidirectional replication of DNA occurs and multiple copies are synthesized at once. This method of replication can be seen in the genome of viruses and bacterial plasmids.
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A group of students were asked to study and record the movement of amoeba to try and determine how they move. The group knew that they must plan this descriptive investigation carefully, including the selection of the appropriate technology needed to observed these single-celled organisms. Which type of microscope would be most appropriate for this investigation?.
The type of microscope that would be most appropriate for this investigation is the Compound light microscope.
A three-dimensional image of the sample is examined with a scanning electron microscope. These microscopes use electromagnets instead of lenses. A beam of electrons is sent to visualize the image. Hair texture can be easily visualized in her three-dimensional form by SEM.
A typical optical microscope used in laboratories is called a compound microscope because it contains two types of lenses that are used to magnify an object. The lens closest to the eye is called the eyepiece lens, and the lens closest to the object is called the objective lens. Commonly used optical microscopes in the forensic field include compound microscopes polarizing microscopes and stereomicroscopes.
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sort the following features of coasts and wetlands as being controlled by either living organisms or geologic and coastal processes.
The characteristics of wetlands and beaches that are influenced by geological and coastal processes as well as living beings are referred to as the aquatic life zone.
What 5 processes occur at the coast?There are five key factors that contribute to coastal erosion. They are corrosion/solution, abrasion, hydraulic action, and corrasion. Corrasion is the throwing of beach debris, such as stones, at the base of a cliff by waves.
Describe the coastal process.Coastal processes and landforms are primarily influenced by waves, tides, and wind. Rivers transport sediment to the coast, where it can be reshaped to create deltas, beaches, dunes, and barrier islands.
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Who created the Declaration of Independence
answer : thomas jefferson
Answer:
Thomas Jefferson is considered the primary author of the Declaration of Independence.
John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston.
Explanation:
Have a nice day^^
If a nucleus has eight chromosomes during interphase, how many chromosomes does it have during metaphase?.
If a nucleus has eight chromosomes during interphase, It will have eight chromosomes during metaphase.
The interphase and the M (mitotic) phases of the cell cycle follow this progression. The first includes mitosis and cytokinesis, while the second includes G1 (the first gap), S (synthesis), and G2 (the second gap).
"everything in a cell's life not involving division" is a fundamental definition of interphase. Instead, cells multiply many of their own contents and become larger as a whole. The genetic material of a cell is only duplicated or replicated during its own interphase stage.
Metaphase: Each daughter nucleus will receive an identical chromatid because the chromosomes are aligned in the middle of the cell along the metaphase plate, with one chromatid on each side.
Eight is the answer. The centromere still binds the produced sister chromosomes together and counts them as one. They are counted as 16 when spindles pull them apart. There are two cells with each cell having eight chromosomes when mitosis is finished.
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A pair of narrow tubes that carry urine from each kidney to the back of the urinary bladder are called?.
A pair of narrow tubes that carry urine from each kidney to the back of the urinary bladder are called Two ureters.
What is the name of the renal tubes?One kidney is located on each side of the body's back, directly below the ribs. They eliminate waste from your blood through a filter, and the urine is then produced. Each kidney's urine is transported through a tiny tube called an ureter to the bladder, where it is stored.
What are the ureter and urethra?What Do the Urethra and Ureter Do? A tiny tube, or duct, called the ureter joins the bladder and kidneys. Urine is moved from the kidneys to the bladder by the ureter.. The tubular passageway that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body is known as the urethra.
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In the lizard species l. Vivipara, most females from the colder, mountainous part of the range live much longer than do individuals from warmer, lowland regions. Compared to the lowlands, what life-history trait is expected in lizards living in the mountains?.
Using the theories of lizard species, we got that Decreased fecundity is the life-history trait which is expected in Vivipara lizards in the mountains as compared to individuals from warmer, lowland regions.
Due to the fitness trade-offs, the mountain population must strike a balance between the survivorship and the fecundity. Therefore, the mountain population exhibits the higher survivorship but lower fecundity than lowland populations.
Hence, In the lizard species Vivipara, most females from the colder, mountainous part of the range live much longer than do individuals from warmer, lowland regions as Compared to the lowlands, the life-history trait which is expected in lizards living in the mountains is Decreased fecundity.
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Please help! Which statement correctly describes the history of environmental science?
A. The scientific method and other tools discouraged advancements in environmental science
B. Environmental science was always based in rigorous science as opposed to myth or magic
C. Environmental scientist now call themselves "naturalists", as they study natural phenomena
D. Environmental science's focus shifted from studying Earth's systems to studying the effects of human activities on the environment
Answer:D
Explanation:
I just did the test and was correct
Environmental science's focus shifted from studying Earth's systems to studying the effects of human activities on the environment is correctly describes the history of Environmental science.
What is Environmental science?In order to study the environment and find solutions to environmental issues, environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that combines physics, biology, and geography (including ecology, chemistry, plant science, zoology, mineralogy, oceanography, limnology, soil science, geology and physical geography, and atmospheric science).
During the Age of Enlightenment, environmental science developed from the disciplines of natural history and medicine. Today, it offers an interdisciplinary, integrated, quantitative approach to the study of environmental systems.
More social sciences are incorporated into environmental studies in order to better understand human interactions, viewpoints, and environmental policy. Engineering for increasing environmental quality in all areas is the emphasis of environmental design.
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The number of chromosomes in a cell could go from haploid to diploid as a result of.
The number of chromosomes in a cell could go from haploid to diploid as a result of fertilization.
Fertilization, also known as generative fertilization, syngamy, and impregnation, is the fusion of gametes that results in the formation of a new individual organism or offspring and the beginning of its development. Fertilization is defined as the union of two haploid gametes, the spermatozoa and the oocyte, also known as the egg, to restore the diploid state, form a zygote through the process of egg activation, and initiate a series of mitotic divisions that result in cell differentiation and embryo development.
Fertilization is divided into four stages: 1) sperm preparation, 2) sperm-egg recognition and binding, 3) sperm-egg fusion, and 4) fusion of sperm and egg pronuclei and zygote activation.
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Describe the one-gene, one polypeptide hypothesis and list some of the evidence in favor of it.
Many enzymes have numerous polypeptide subunits, each of which is encoded by a different gene. We know that genes specify the structure of enzymes and that each gene encodes one enzyme from the findings of the Beadle and Tatum study.
The idea that there is a large class of structural genes, each of which encodes a single polypeptide that can either work on its own or as a component of a more complex protein. Initially, it was believed that each gene encoded the entirety of a single enzyme, but it has since been discovered that some proteins and enzymes actually come from multiple polypeptides, and thus from multiple genes.
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I live in plant cells, i love the sun and i produce sugar. I am one of the only organelles that have color. What am i?.
Answer: The Chloroplast
Explanation:
The chloroplast has chlorophyll which gives it green it's green color.
where can translation occur in a cell? group of answer choices peroxisome nucleus rough endoplasmic reticulum golgi apparatus
In general, translation can occur in any organelle or region of a cell where ribosomes are present. However, most translation occurs in the cytoplasm, specifically in regions near the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus.
This is because these organelles are involved in the production and modification of proteins, respectively, and many newly-synthesized proteins are destined for these organelles. In addition, the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi are both rich in the nutrients and cofactors required for protein synthesis.
Translation is the process of converting the information in a nucleic acid sequence into a protein. It occurs in the nucleus, where the DNA is transcribed into RNA. The RNA is then exported to the cytoplasm, where it is translated into proteins.
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Which statement BEST describes how the Carbon Stored in Urban Trees data table should be improved to better support the model and represent the cycling of carbon? It should include the amount of carbon lost to the atmosphere due to respiration by the trees. It should include the amount of carbon stored in the soil due to photosynthesis by the trees. It should include the amount of oxygen released by the trees due to photosynthesis. It should include the amount of oxygen consumed by the trees due to respiration.
The statement that BEST describes is It should include the amount of carbon lost to the atmosphere due to respiration by the trees.
By storing carbon in their annual new growth, trees lower the quantity of carbon in the atmosphere. A tree stores more carbon as it grows by keeping it in its accumulated tissue. The size and health of the trees affect how much carbon is annually stored. Urban trees that are open-grown and maintained typically have lower biomass than trees that grow naturally in wooded settings.
When a tree decays and dies, it releases a large amount of the carbon it has stored back into the atmosphere. Thus, the quantity of carbon that could be released if trees are allowed to wither and decay is sometimes referred to as carbon storage.
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What three respiratory diseases combine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? how does smoking cause this disease?.
The leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis, is smoking. Your risk of rises as a result.
What happens if someone with COPD continues to smoke?
Even after acquiring COPD, smoking worsens the condition and may even cause flare-ups or exacerbations. Exacerbations are a sudden exacerbation of symptoms, which typically manifest as extremely uncomfortable breathing. These episodes have the potential to be fatal and can make the condition worse.
When do most smokers develop COPD?
What is the average age that COPD first manifests? The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute states that COPD most frequently affects smokers or those who have smoked in the past who are over 40.
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Identify the process that transfers chemical energy (glucose) into usable energy (ATP)
Answer:
Cellular respiration is the process by which the energy in food is converted into energy that can be used by the body's cells.
Explanation:
The energy stored in glucose is transferred to ATP. The process can be summarized as: glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water.
Answer:
Cellular Respiration
Explanation:
Because it uses glucose from photosynthesis to make ATP which is energy.
