To remove any remaining unreacted inorganic component (from the added separating reagent) in the ether solution, two additional washes were performed after extracting benzoic acid into the aqueous solution as its anionic salt.
Benzoic acid must first be extracted from a mixture by adding NaOH, and then any excess NaOH must be removed in order to continue. Further, to get rid of the excess NaOH in the solution, it is washed with water twice or three times.
To reduce the amount of residue and other impurities in the layers, washing is done. The polar impurities, such as the leftover anionic salt of benzoic acid, tend to migrate to the water when washing, giving you a purer organic layer because ether is non-polar and water is polar.
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Analyze the structure of 4‑sec‑butyl-5-ethyl-3-methyloctane. Identify the number of ethyl and methyl groups in the compound. Note that these groups are not necessarily confined to those specifically mentioned in the name.
The structure of 4‑sec‑butyl-5-ethyl-3-methyl octane has 4 ethyl groups and 2 methyl groups.
Since ethyl and methyl groups are saturated, there are no double or triple bonds between the atoms in these compounds. The main distinction between ethyl and methyl is that the former is made up of two carbon atoms while the latter is made up of just one. It is customary to write the chemicals' names in alphabetical order, so ethyl comes before methyl and then precedes propyl. The carbon atoms in a cycloalkane are linked together in a ring, hence the name. Just two types of alcohol are methanol and ethanol. Ethanol, also referred to as ethyl alcohol, has a chemical composition of two carbon atoms. Methanol also referred to as methyl alcohol, is made up of just one carbon atom.
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Combining aqueous solutions of bai2 and na2so4 affords a precipitate of baso4. which ions are spectator ions in the reaction?
a. so42- and i-
b. ba2 only
c. na and i-
d. ba2 and so42-
.e na only
The spectator ions are Na+ and I when mixing aqueous solutions of BaI2 and Na2SO4 to create a precipitate of BaSO4.
What are spectator ions?
Spectator ions are ions that are present on both sides of chemical reactions but do not take part in the reaction itself. In the net chemical reaction, the spectator ions on both sides of the equation are cancelled. So, to "spectate" is to "see" the other ions in an aqueous solution interact with one another.
The spectator ions are Na+ and I when mixing aqueous solutions of BaI2 and Na2SO4 to create a precipitate of BaSO4.
Let's look at the chemical formula for the reaction that happens when BaI2 and Na2SO4 are combined in aqueous solution. This reaction involves two displacements.
BaSO4(s) + 2 NaI = BaI2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) (aq)
Let's now have a look at the net ionic equation, which takes into account both the insoluble species and the reacting ions (not spectator ions).
Ba2+(aq) SO42(aq) BaSO4 (s)
As we can see, Na+ and I are the spectator ions that are missing from the net ionic equation.
The spectator ions are Na+ and I when mixing aqueous solutions of BaI2 and Na2SO4 to create a precipitate of BaSO4.
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The hydrate compound c u s o 4 ⋅ 5 h 2 o is blue in color, while the dehydrated form of copper sulfate c u s o 4 is white. What procedure do you think could be used to convert the pentahydrate form to the dehydrated form?.
Answer:
Evaporate a solution of CuSO4⋅5H2O to dryness
Explanation:
To dehydrated you have to get rid of the water and water evaporates so you have to evaporate the solution.
Procedure that could be used to convert the pentahydrate form to the dehydrated form is to evaporate a solution of CuSO₄⋅5H₂O to dryness.
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O) form aqueous solutions of bright blue.
After the heating, dehydrated form copper(II) sulfate is formed.
Salt copper(II) sulfate has white color.
Adding a water in white copper(II) sulfate would make solution blue again.
Hydrate is a substance that contains water or its constituent elements.
M(CuSO₄·5H₂O) = 249.5 g/mol; molar mass of copper sulphate pentahydrate
Evaporation occurs when the molecules at the surface of a liquid gain enough energy to overcome the force of attraction of other molecules in the liquid phase.
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How many Cl atoms are in 0.0467 g of PCl₃?
Answer:
The answer is there are 9.57 x 10²⁰ number of Cl atoms in 0.0728 g of PCl₃.
Number of moles = mass / molar mass
Mass of PCl₃ = 0.0728 g and molar mass of PCl₃ = 137.33g/mol
Number of moles of PCl₃ = 0.0728 / 137.33 = 5.3 x 10⁻⁴
In one mole there are Avogadro’s number of molecules that is 6.02 x 10²³
So, in 5.3 x 10⁻⁴ moles of PCl₃, there are =5.3 x 10⁻⁴ x 6.02 x 10²³ = 3.19 x 10²⁰
Now there is 3 atoms of Cl in PCl₃ so in 3.19 x 10²⁰ molecules of PCl₃, number of Cl atoms = 3.19 x 10²⁰ x 3 = 9.57 x 10²⁰ atoms
What+is+the+molar+fraction+of+25%+w/w+acetic+acid+solution?+(density+=+1.05kg/l,+mw+=+60)+answer+(0~1)
The molar fraction of 25% w/w acetic acid solution is 0.069.
The molar fraction of solute in a solution is given by the following formula
Molar fraction of solute = No. Of Moles of solute/No. Of Moles of solute + No. of Moles of solvent
In this case the solute is acetic acid and solvent is water.
It is given that the acetic acid is 25% weight by weight(w/w), which means that 25 grams of acetic acid is present in 100 grams of water.
To calculate the moles, we need to divide the given mass by the molar mass of the compound
No. of moles of Acetic Acid(CH3COOH)= 25/60 = 0.416
And no. of moles of water (H2O) = 100/18 = 5.55
Putting the values in the given formula
Molar fraction of solute = 0.416/5.55+0.416
= 0.069
Hence, the molar fraction of 25% w/w acetic acid solution is 0.069.
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A graduated cylinder which has been filled with 20. 00 ml of water. A solid object is added to the graduated cylinder and the water level rises to the 26. 40 ml. Calculate the mass (in grams) of the solid object which has a density of 3. 26 g/ml
The solid object that has a density of 3.26 g/ml has a mass equal to 20.864 g.
If the water level rises to 26.40 ml from an initial of 20.00 ml after a solid object is added, then the difference between the final and initial volume of water is the volume of the solid.
volume of solid = final volume - initial volume
volume of solid = 26.40 ml - 20.00 ml
volume of solid = 6.40 ml
If the solid object has a density of 3. 26 g/ml and a volume of 6.40 ml, using the formula for density, solve for its mass.
density = mass/volume
3. 26 g/ml = mass/6.40 ml
mass = 3. 26 g/ml(6.40 ml)
mass = 20.864 g
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3. Carbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide: C+ O₂ → CO₂. Calculate the mass of carbon required to produce
17.6 g of carbon dioxide. (Relative atomic masses: C = 12,0=16)
[4 marks]
mass of carbon
Answer :
?
the mass of carbon required to produce
17.6 g of carbon dioxide will be 6 gram.
The weighted average of the molecular masses of a material, measured on a scale where a carbon-12 atom has a mass of precisely 12 units, is the substance's relative molecular mass.The number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12 is the value of a mole.An exothermic process occurs when carbon and oxygen combine to form carbon dioxide, which generates 394 kJ/mol of heat.In the reaction,
C+ O₂ → CO₂
Given,
The atomic mass of Carbon is 12g/mol
molar mass of O2 is 32g/mol
1 mole of C get reacted with 1 mole of O2.
no. of moles in O₂ = 16/32 = 0.5
so, 0.5 moles of Ow will react with 0.5 moles of C
Moleculer weight of Carbon is 12
Mass of carbon = 0.5 × 12 = 6 gm
Hence, mass of carbon required is 6 g.
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Why do halogens not form positive atoms?
Answer:
Due to the fact that halogens have an outer shell made up of seven valence electrons, they frequently obtain an additional electron and a negative charge.
The electronic configuration of an ion is 2.8.8. What could this ion be?
Answer: The answer Option is A.
Explanation: Both the Ions have the electronic configuration 2,8,8
The electronic configuration of an ion is 2.8.8. This ion is S²⁻.
What is an electronic configuration ?The term electronic configuration is defined as the arrangement of electrons in orbitals around an atomic nucleus.There are four different types of orbitals (s,p,d, and f) have different shapes, and one orbital can contain a maximum of two electrons.
The symbols used for writing the electron configuration start with the shell number (n) and then the type of orbital and finally the superscript represent how many electrons are present in the orbital.
The electronic configuration of an ion is 2.8.8. This ion is S²⁻. Because S²⁻ contain electronic configuration of an ion is 2.8.8 while electronic configuration of S is 2, 8, 6.
Thus, The electronic configuration of an ion is 2.8.8. This ion is S²⁻.
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A protein mixture is commonly applied to an hic column under high ___ conditions, and the protein of interest is eluted with buffer of decreasing ____.
A protein mixture is commonly applied to a HIC column under high salt conditions, and the protein of interest is eluted with a buffer of decreasing ionic strength.
Structured salts added to the equilibration buffer and sample promote ligand-protein interactions in HIC. The amount of bound protein decreases as the salt concentration decreases, as does the risk of protein precipitation at lower ionic strength.
Despite the fact that sodium, potassium, or ammonium sulfates have a higher precipitation effect, these salts effectively promote ligand-protein interactions in HIC. Most bound proteins are eluted by washing with water or a dilute buffer with a pH close to neutral.
What exactly is HIC?
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) is a technique used to separate molecules based on their hydrophobicity. HIC is a useful separation technique for purifying proteins while retaining biological activity due to the use of less denaturing conditions and matrices.
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A solution is made by mixing of heptane and of acetyl bromide . calculate the mole fraction of heptane in this solution. round your answer to significant digits.
The mole fraction of acetyl bromide is 0.534 and heptane is 0.466.
What is acetyl bromide?An acyl halide, sometimes referred to as an acid halide, is a chemical molecule created by swapping out the hydroxyl group in an oxoacid with a halide group.
The chemical has a -COX functional group, which is made up of a carbonyl group that is singly linked to a halogen atom, if the acid is a carboxylic acid. The general formula for such an acyl halide can be represented as RCOX, where X stands for the halide, such as chloride, and R may be, for example, an alkyl group. Although acyl chlorides are the most frequent acyl halides, acetyl iodide is the one that is created (temporarily) on a big scale. The annual manufacturing of acetic acid results in billions of kilograms.
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explain the energy and intermolecular forces that are involved for liquid solid and gas
The energy and intermolecular forces involved for liquid solid and gas are as follows:
Solids: solids have strong intermolecular forces and low kinetic energy.Liquids: liquids have weak intermolecular forces and high kinetic energy.Gases: gases have negligible intermolecular forces and very high kinetic energy.What are intermolecular forces?Intermolecular forces are forces of attraction that exists between the molecules of a substance.
The strength of the intermolecular forces and hence, the kinetic energy vary inversely in molecules of solids, liquids and gases.
The energy and intermolecular forces that are involved for liquid solid and gas are explained below:
Solids: solids have strong intermolecular forces and low kinetic energy. Thus solids have definite shapes and volume.Liquids: liquids have weaker intermolecular forces and higher kinetic energy than solids.Gases: gases have negligible intermolecular forces and very high kinetic energy.In conclusion, intermolecular forces decrease with increase in the kinetic energy of molecules.
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A student investigated the concentration of a solution of sodium hydroxide by titration with a 0.0480 mol/dm3 ethanedioic acid solution.
This is the method used.
1. Measure 25.0cm3 of the sodium hydroxide solution into a conical flask using a 25.0cm3 pipette
2. Add 2 drops of indicator to the sodium hydroxide solution
3. Fill a burette with the 0.0480 mol/dm3 ethanedioic acid solution to the 0.00cm3 mark
4. Add the ethanedioic acid solution to the sodium hydroxide solution until the indicator changes colour
5. Read the burette to find the volume of the ethanedioic acid solution used
Suggest two improvements to the method that would increase the accuracy of the result.
The accuracy of the results could be improved by;
1) The use of porcelain to observe the end point
2) Rinsing the burette with the ethanedioic acid solution before the titration begins.
What is titration?The term titration has to do with the process by which we use a neutralization reaction to be able to determine the concentration of substances that participate in the reaction. Now we know that titration is one of the ways by which we are able to carry out a volumetric analysis. The term volumetric analysis has to do with the type of analysis that involves the use of the volume of the analyte.
The titrant is put into the flask and the titrand is put in the burette. We always have to make use of an indicator to be able to know when the end point or the equivalence point of the reaction have been achieved in the process of the titration.
The accuracy of the results could be improved by;
1) The use of porcelain to observe the end point
2) Rinsing the burette with the ethanedioic acid solution before the titration begins.
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Determine the formula unit and name for the compound formed when each pair of ions interacts. in the formula capitalization and subscripts are graded. spelling counts al3 and cn-
In each question we need to balance the charge to get formula
[tex]Al(CN)_{3}[/tex]) Aluminum Cyanide
[tex]CaSO_{4}[/tex] Calcium Sulfate
[tex]LINO_{3}[/tex] Lithium Nitrate
[tex]NH_{4} CL[/tex] Ammonium Chloride
Ionic interaction is the attractive force between ions with opposite charges. Also called an ionic bond, it is the force that holds ionic compounds together. Like charges repel and opposite charges attract.
Intermolecular interactions occur between molecules or atoms that are not connected by bonds. Molecular interactions include cohesion (like-like attraction), adhesion (like-like attraction), and repulsion between molecules.
Divide the molar mass of the compound by the molar mass of the molecular formula. The result will be an integer or very close to an integer. Multiply all subscripts of the molecular formula by the integers found in step 2. The result is the sum formula
Hence, the result will be the sum formula
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An ion is a____version of an atom that is formed by____compared to the atom.
An ion is a charged version of an atom that is formed by losing or gaining electrons compared to the atom.
Cations are positively charged atoms.
Anions are negatively charged atoms.
For example, calcium atom forms cation.
Electron configuration of calcium atom: ₂₀Ca 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s².
Electron configuration of calcium cation: ₂₀Ca²⁺ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶.
Calcium cation is smaller than neutral calcium atoms, because when an electrons are lost, electron-electron repulsion decreases and the protons are better able to pull the remaining electrons towards the nucleus.
When calcium loose two electrons, it will have 20 protons (positive charge) and 18 electrons (negative charge), which means it has two protons more and it has +2 oxidation number.
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1
2
13
4 points
How many significant figures are in 526.00
If+a+student+needed+to+make+25.678g+alum+and+koh+and+h2so4+are+in+excess,+how+much+al+should+the+student+start+with+knowing+that+they+would+only+get+an+80%+yield+of+alum
Al is equal to 0.0463 moles of aluminum in 1.25 grams.
The ratio of aluminum to alum is 1:1, meaning that for every mole of aluminum consumed, 1 mole of alum is created.
The calculated yield is 21.96 g of alum.
Yield as a percentage is 68.97%.
What is alum?Acute and chronic oral LD50 values for aluminum sulfate are both more than 5,000mg/kg, making it relatively non-toxic. Alum can nonetheless irritate the skin, burn, and worsen respiratory conditions. It can lead to headaches, nausea, and respiratory irritations when breathed.
It is an astringent, which means it causes the skin to constrict or shrink, first of all. Astringents have the short-term ability to shrink pores and tighten skin. Alum is a helpful preservative because it is bacteriostatic, which means it inhibits the growth of bacteria.
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What is the oxidation state of co in [co(oh2)6]2?
Correct compound is [Co(H2O)6]^+3
The oxidation state of Co is +3
[Co(H2O)6]^+3
Let
Co be x
H2O = 0
x + (0)6 = 3
x = 3
What is oxidation state?
The oxidation state, commonly known as the oxidation number, is the potential charge that an atom would have if all of its bonds to other atoms were fully ionic. It describes the degree of atom oxidation within a chemical compound.The oxidation state may be positive, negative, or zero in theory.
The oxidation number, sometimes referred to as the oxidation state, is the total number of electrons that an atom gains or loses while uniting with another atom to form a chemical bond.
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Which waxy molecule, found in the cell wall of acid-fast bacteria, prevents these cells from being gram stained?.
Mycolic acids are found in the cell wall of acid-fast bacteria, preventing these cells from being gram-stained.
Acid-fast bacteria are a kind of bacteria that contains waxy material called mycolic acid in their cell wall making them water-resistant against staining procedures and materials such as gram stain.
Mycolic acids are lengthy chains of fatty acids found in bacteria and, therefore, are called acid-fast bacteria.
When these bacteria come into contact with substances like acidic alcohol, they develop resistivity against them to prevent decolorization.
In short, mycolic acids prevent the decolorization and staining of bacteria due to their characteristics of resistance and reluctance.
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What is the experimental quanity that serves as a measure of resistance to flow of a liquid?
Viscosity is the experimental parameter used to assess a liquid's resistance to flow.
What is Viscosity?Viscosity is the ability of a fluid (liquid or gas) to resist changing its shape or allowing nearby parts to move in relation to one another. Viscosity is a sign of flow resistance.
The fluidity, a metric indicating the ease of flow, is the reciprocal of viscosity. For instance, molasses is more viscous than water.
The viscosity of a liquid is a significant metric because the user may interpret it as a gauge of quality; in some cases, a thicker liquid may be perceived as having higher quality than a thinner one.
The texture of food also has a property called viscosity.
Therefore, viscosity is the experimental quality that serves as a measure of resistance to flow of a liquid.
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What volume is occupied by 0.102 molmol of helium gas at a pressure of 0.95 atmatm and a temperature of 305 kk ?
The volume occupied by 0.102 mole of the helium gas is 2.69 L
Data obtained from the questionThe following data were obtained from the question:
Number of mole (n) = 0.102 moles Pressure (P) = 0.95 atm Temperature (T) = 305 KGas constant (R) = 0.0821 atm.L/Kmol Volume (V) =? How to determine the volumeThe volume of the gas can be obtained by using the ideal gas equation as illustrated below:
PV = nRT
Divide both sides by P
V = nRT / P
V = (0.102 × 0.0821 × 305) / 0.95
V = 2.69 L
Thus, the volume of the gas is 2.69 L
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If I have an object with a density of 2.42 g/mL and a mass of 27 g, what is the volume, in mL ?
How many moles of copper were in the copper oxide formed? the molar mass of copper(ii) sulfate pentahydrate is 249.68 g/mol. for best accuracy, use the mass measurements read using the balance.
79.91 g moles of copper were in the copper oxide formed.
Using the molar mass of 125.00 grams of copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO45H2O), we first determine how many moles there are:
(Molar Mass of CuSO4) + 5*(Molar Mass of H2O) = Molar Mass of CuSO45H2O.
CuSO45H2O's molar mass is equal to 249.68 g/mol moles. CuSO45H2O = 125.00 g x 249.68 g/mol x 0.501 mol
CuSO4 and 5H2O undergo a reaction, resulting in CuSO4.
Using the molar mass of CuSO4, we can now convert 0.501 moles of anhydrous copper (II) sulfate into grams:
79.91 g CuSO4 is equal to 0.501 mol CuSO4 times 159.609 g/mol.
What is copper(ii) sulfate pentahydrate?The most prevalent form of copper(II) sulfate hydrate is the pentahydrate (n = 5). The pentahydrate has also gone by the names blue vitriol, bluestone, copper vitriol, and Roman vitriol in the past. The most prevalent form of copper(II) sulfate is the vivid blue pentahydrate CuSO45H2O.
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Draw the structure for 1,3-dinitrocyclopentane, making sure to add all non-zero formal charges
In the image provided below, you can see the structure of 1,3-dinitrocyclopentane.
We can conclude the following information from the compound's name, 1,3-dinitrocyclopentane, which will assist us in drawing the structure :-
1,3 - position of NO₂ groups, di - two, nitro - NO₂, clo - cyclic, pentane - five.
➤ The following are the general steps for drawing any compound's Lewis structure:
Calculate the number of carbons and hydrogens.Connect the carbons with one another.Add the hydrogens and check that each carbon has four bonds and thus meets the octet rule.According to the Octet Rule almost all atoms, in this case, carbon must always have four bonds because they are most stable with eight total electrons.
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Sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide
Answer:
sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide -> sodium sulfate + water
NaOH (aq) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → Na₂SO₄ (aq) + H₂O
(″ロ゛) x
What type of signaling molecules are the incretins? autocrine signals paracrine signals juxtacrine signals classic hormones
In the given three dimensional molecular structure the differently colored spheres represent different types of atoms. Write a molecular formula for this model
Answer: penlalalalaooooaaaaaaaaaaa
Explanation: pen
A forensic scientist is attempting to identify a type of plastic found at a crime scene. What test could she conduct on the plastic to observe its chemical properties?
Break the plastic into pieces
Dissolve the plastic in water
Add acid to the plastic to see if it reacts
Observe the plastic under a microscope
The chemical properties could be obtained by adding acid to the plastic to see if it reacts.
What are chemical properties?Chemical properties are those properties that could only be observe when a substance undergoes chemical change. In this case, a chemical change could also be called a chemical reaction.
A substance could be said to undergo a chemical reaction if there is a rearrangement of the atoms of the compound. This would ultimately lead to the formation of a new substance.
Now the forensic scientist wants to know the chemical properties of the plastic. This could be done by reacting the plastic with acid.
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Answer:
The short answer is (C) Add acid to the plastic to see if it reacts
Explanation:
Got it right on my quiz.
According to the law of conservation of mass, which statement is true?
Answer:
It's the last option,
Explanation:
In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products, assuming that the reaction has gone to completion.
Meaning that option D is correct (last one)
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Answer: anwser D
Explanation: HOPE THIS HELPS!!!
Which bonds rely on the attraction of positive and negative charges? select all that apply.
Ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds rely on the attraction of positive and negative charges.
Which bonds rely on positive and negative charge attraction?As a result, a positively charged iron and a negatively charged ion are formed. The bond formed by these two ions is known as an ionic bond. A pair of atoms joined by a polar covalent bond: one atom has a slight positive charge and the other has a slight negative charge. Electronegativity refers to an atom's ability to attract electrons. The bond formed by the H of one water molecule and the O of another. A hydrogen bond is the bond between the H of one water molecule and the O of another water molecule.A covalent bond formed between two atoms with unequal electronegativities results in unequal electron sharing. Unequal electron sharing results in partially positive and partially negative charges at the bond's opposite ends.To learn more about Ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds refer to
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