The least squares regression of y* on x in the given model, where y = 3x + ε and y* = y₁ + y₁-1, x² = x₁ + x₁-1, and ε* = εt + εt-1, will provide unbiased estimates of ß.
To demonstrate this, we can rewrite the model as y* = ßx + ε*, where ß represents the true coefficient. Since ε has a zero mean and constant variance, the error term ε* will also have a zero mean and constant variance. The least squares estimation procedure aims to minimize the sum of squared residuals, which in this case will lead to unbiased estimates of ß.
Furthermore, the error term ε* does not exhibit serial correlation because it is constructed by adding independent εt and εt-1. This means that E(εtεt-1) = 0, indicating no autocorrelation between error terms.
In summary, the least squares estimates obtained from regressing y* on x will be unbiased estimates of ß. The error term ε* will have a constant variance, but E(εtεt-1) = 0, indicating no serial correlation between error terms.
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What were the implications of the Russia Financial crisis of
1998 on the real economy in Russia and its neighbors?
The Russia financial crisis of 1998 had severe implications for both Russia and its neighboring countries.
In Russia, the crisis led to a sharp devaluation of the ruble, causing inflation and a significant decline in living standards. Many Russian companies faced bankruptcy, unemployment rates soared, and the government struggled to meet its financial obligations. The crisis also had ripple effects on neighboring countries, particularly those with close economic ties to Russia. These countries experienced a decline in trade and investment, as well as currency devaluations and financial instability. The crisis highlighted the vulnerability of emerging economies to external shocks and underscored the need for stronger financial regulations and diversification of economic ties. The crisis also had significant spillover effects on neighboring countries. Countries with strong economic ties to Russia, such as Ukraine, Belarus, and Kazakhstan, were heavily affected. Trade volumes between these countries declined as Russia's purchasing power decreased, causing a contraction in their economies. Currency devaluations were witnessed in some of these nations as investors pulled out their funds, seeking more stable markets. Financial instability spread across the region, leading to a loss of investor confidence and a slowdown in economic growth.
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What is a standard deduction? What is the standard deduction based on?
A standard deduction is a: (Select the best answer below.)
a. varies according to your filing status.
b. is affected by the amount of income you earned during the year.
c. varies according to your filing status and your income.
d. does not vary according to your filing status
The correct answer is c. The standard deduction varies according to your filing status and your income.
The standard deduction is a set dollar amount that reduces the amount of income on which you're taxed. It is determined by the IRS and is adjusted annually for inflation. The standard deduction is based on various factors such as your filing status, age, and whether you are blind or disabled.
For example, in the United States tax system for the tax year 2022, the standard deduction for single filers is $12,950, for married filing jointly is $25,900, for head of household is $18,350, and for married filing separately is $12,950. However, if your deductions exceed the standard deduction, it may be more beneficial for you to itemize your deductions instead.
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The idea of charismatic power is that some people have an uncommon ability to engender devotion and enthusiasm—a seemingly mystical quality that cannot be acquired in a skill development workshop'
. true or false
The idea of charismatic power is that some people have an uncommon ability to engender devotion and enthusiasm—a seemingly mystical quality that cannot be acquired in a skill development workshop, is true.
Power is the ability of an individual or a group of people to attract, influence, and motivate others to act or behave in a certain way by using their exceptional personality traits and qualities. They have the power of engendering devotion and enthusiasm among others.
A charismatic leader has the ability to inspire followers and supporters to their cause or mission by using their unique personality traits. They tend to create a strong emotional attachment between themselves and their supporters by using their communication skills and dynamic behavior. They have the ability to express their ideas and vision in such a way that it captures the attention of their followers and motivates them to act upon it.
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Operation management (MGT-371) A COMPANY is considering two different locations for a new retail outlet. They have identified the four factors listed in the following table as the basis for evaluation
The company should evaluate the two different locations for the new retail outlet based on the four factors listed in the table to determine which one is the best option.
When it comes to making business decisions, it is important to consider all the factors that could impact the outcome. In this case, the four factors listed in the table are the basis for evaluation for the new retail outlet locations. The company should evaluate each location based on these factors to determine which one is the better option.
The first factor is the size of the potential customer base, which refers to the number of people who live in or frequent the area. This is important because a larger customer base could lead to more sales and revenue for the company. The second factor is the level of competition in the area. This refers to how many other similar businesses are in the same location. If there are too many competitors, it could be difficult for the new retail outlet to attract customers. The third factor is the cost of the location, which includes rent, utilities, and other expenses. The company needs to ensure that the location is affordable and does not eat into their profits.
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Sam Journeyman derives income as a professional beach dodge ball player.
During the 2017/18 tax year, Sam received the following amounts:
Tournament Prizemoney from dodge ball
$ 85,000
Appearance fees from dodge ball tournaments
12,000
Cash sponsorship from Aussieboom
60,000
Jetski provided by Aussieboom as a sponsorship benefit
8,000
Interest from bank account comprising savings from Prizemoney
3,700
Director fees from Dodgeball Australia. Sam is a director of Dodgeball Australia.
14,500
Car provided by Dodgeball Australia as a benefit
7,200
Required:
Calculate Sam’s taxable professional income for the 2017/18 tax year.
Calculate Sam's other taxable income for 2017/18 tax year
Sam's taxable professional income for the 2017/18 tax year is $175,700. This includes tournament prizemoney ($85,000), appearance fees ($12,000), cash sponsorship ($60,000), and director fees ($14,500).
Sam's other taxable income for the 2017/18 tax year is $11,900. This includes the interest earned from the bank account comprising savings from prizemoney ($3,700) and the value of the benefit received from the car provided by Dodgeball Australia ($7,200).
To calculate Sam's taxable professional income, we sum up the amounts received from tournament prizemoney ($85,000), appearance fees ($12,000), cash sponsorship ($60,000), and director fees ($14,500). Adding these figures, we get $171,500.
Sam's other taxable income is calculated by considering the interest earned from the bank account comprising savings from prizemoney ($3,700) and the value of the benefit received from the car provided by Dodgeball Australia ($7,200). Adding these amounts, we get $11,900.
Therefore, Sam's total taxable income for the 2017/18 tax year is $175,700, which includes his taxable professional income ($171,500) and other taxable income ($11,900).
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The Beta for a security is an alternative way of representing its (a) standard deviation. (b) riskfree return. (c) expected rate of return. (d) covariance with each other security. (e) covariance with
The correct option is (a).
The Beta for a security is an alternative way of representing its standard deviation.
Beta is a measure of systematic risk that indicates the sensitivity of a security's returns to fluctuations in the overall market. It measures how closely the security's returns move in relation to the returns of a benchmark, usually the market index. A security with a higher beta is expected to have larger price swings compared to the benchmark, indicating higher volatility and risk. In this sense, beta can be considered as an alternative representation of standard deviation, which is a measure of the dispersion of returns around the average return.
While beta is related to risk and volatility, it is distinct from other concepts mentioned in the options. Risk-free return refers to the return on an investment with no risk, expected rate of return is a measure of the anticipated return on an investment, and covariance measures the relationship between two variables (such as the security's returns and the returns of other securities).
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Indah Bumi Sdn. Bhd. is an engineering company that has five cost centres, where three centres are production departments while another two are service departments. Over the years, the company has use
Indah Bumi Sdn. Bhd. is an engineering company with five cost centres, including three production departments and two service departments. The company has relied on traditional cost allocation methods, which may not accurately reflect the resources used by the cost centres.
Indah Bumi Sdn. Bhd. has traditionally allocated costs using methods such as direct labor hours and machine hours for production departments and square footage for service departments.
However, these methods may not accurately reflect the resources used by each cost center. For example, the service departments may provide support to multiple production departments, but traditional cost allocation methods do not account for this shared usage.
A more accurate and fair cost allocation method would be activity-based costing (ABC), which allocates costs based on the specific activities that drive cost within each cost center.
ABC provides more accurate and transparent cost information, which can be helpful for making strategic decisions about resource allocation and pricing.
By implementing ABC, Indah Bumi Sdn. Bhd. can improve its cost allocation accuracy and make more informed business decisions.
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On 1.1.2017, MEERA Bhd grants to an employee the right to choose either 12,000 shares or cash payment equal to the value of 10,000 shares (phantom shares). The grant is conditional upon the employee remaining in the company's employ for three years. If the employee chooses the share alternative, the shares must be held for three years after vesting date. At grant date, the company's share price is RM5.00. At the end of year 2017, 2018 and 2019, the share price is RM5.20, RM5.60 and RM6.20, respectively. After taking into account the post-vesting transfer restrictions, the grant date fair value of the share alternative is RM4.90. MEERA shares have a nominal value of RM1 each. Required: a) Compute the amounts of expense and the related liability and equity components in each year. b) Show the effect if, at the end of year 2019, the employee chooses: (i) the cash settlement, and (ii) the equity settlement
In this scenario, MEERA Bhd grants an employee the right to choose between receiving 12,000 shares or a cash payment equal to the value of 10,000 shares (phantom shares).
The grant is conditional upon the employee remaining with the company for three years. The share price at grant date is RM5.00, and the grant date fair value of the share alternative is RM4.90. The share price increases over the three-year period. We need to compute the expense and related liability and equity components each year and analyze the effect if the employee chooses cash settlement or equity settlement at the end of 2019.
a) Expense and related liability and equity components:
To calculate the expense each year, we need to determine the fair value of the grant on each vesting date and allocate it over the vesting period. The expense for each year is computed as follows:
2017: (10,000 shares x RM4.90) / 3 years = RM16,333.33
2018: (10,000 shares x RM5.60) / 3 years = RM18,666.67
2019: (10,000 shares x RM6.20) / 3 years = RM20,666.67
The related liability component represents the cumulative expense over the vesting period and is calculated as follows:
2017: RM16,333.33
2018: RM16,333.33 + RM18,666.67 = RM34,000.00
2019: RM34,000.00 + RM20,666.67 = RM54,666.67
The related equity component represents the shares that would be issued if the employee chooses the share alternative. It is calculated based on the grant date fair value of the share alternative:
2017: 10,000 shares
2018: 10,000 shares
2019: 10,000 shares
b) Effect of employee's choice in 2019:
(i) Cash settlement: If the employee chooses the cash settlement option, the liability component of RM54,666.67 will be settled in cash, resulting in a decrease in the liability and equity components. The expense is fully recognized, and the equity component is reduced to zero.
(ii) Equity settlement: If the employee chooses the equity settlement option, the liability component of RM54,666.67 will be converted into equity by issuing shares. The liability component is reduced to zero, and the equity component remains at 10,000 shares.
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"Consider a project with a value of $5,000 and initial investment of $5,500. Suppose, the value of the project may be revised 1 year from now either up to $7,000 or down to $3,000. At that time, the project can be abandoned with a terminal cash flow of $4,500. The risk-free rate is 5%. Find the value of the option to abandon." Show your work, please label all acronyms (e.g. PV = present value)
To find the value of the option to abandon the project, we need to calculate the present value of the expected cash flows and compare it to the terminal cash flow if the project is abandoned. Here's the step-by-step calculation:
Calculate the expected value of the project at year 1:
Expected Value = (Probability of Value $7,000 * Value $7,000) + (Probability of Value $3,000 * Value $3,000)
Expected Value = (0.5 * $7,000) + (0.5 * $3,000)
Expected Value = $3,500 + $1,500
Expected Value = $5,000
Calculate the present value of the expected cash flows at year 0:
PV = Expected Value / (1 + Risk-Free Rate)^1
PV = $5,000 / (1 + 0.05)^1
PV = $5,000 / 1.05
PV = $4,761.90
Calculate the value of the option to abandon:
Value of Option to Abandon = Terminal Cash Flow / (1 + Risk-Free Rate)^1
Value of Option to Abandon = $4,500 / (1 + 0.05)^1
Value of Option to Abandon = $4,500 / 1.05
Value of Option to Abandon = $4,285.71
Therefore, the value of the option to abandon the project is $4,285.7
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1. Describe why a governance program is important to a company? What are some of the factors that
might drive that program?
2. Describe some of the challenges of enforcing a security policy. Which of those challenges would be
the most difficult to overcome?
3. How does a company maintain compliance? Name at least two mechanisms that could help.
4. Describe risk appetite. Can different companies have different appetite for risk?
A governance program is important to a company due to a number of reasons, such as: It aids in making certain that the company's operations are conducted in a lawful and ethical manner It aids in identifying, measuring, and managing business risks.
It is critical in ensuring that the company adheres to statutory, regulatory, and contractual standards.Legal and regulatory compliance Business objectives and strategiesOperational efficiencies and effectivenessEthical considerations in business practices and operationsRisk management2. Some of the challenges of enforcing a security policy include: Balancing between security and usability requirements.
Preventing internal breaches and malicious attacks on the organization.. 3.A company maintains compliance through the following mechanisms: A governance program that defines the framework for compliance and monitoring.Incorporating regulatory and statutory requirements into the security policy. 4. Risk appetite refers to the degree of risk that an organization is willing to accept in the pursuit of its business objectives.
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Mar 08, 2022 Sold 15 Carry-on bag-small at $21.00 each and 3 Power Adapters at $10.50 each, plus HST, to a new customer, Tran's Luggage Warehouse, contact person is Huong Tran, 875 Burke Avenue, Markham, Ontario L2S 2Y9. Phone number 905-768- 3620, the default Revenue account is 4100, price list is Regular, terms are 2/10, net 30, default payment method is Pay Later, and cheque for receipts, tax code is Hs, credit limit is $1,500.00. Invoice #2316 for $391.55 including $45.05 HST.
The date of the sale is March 8, 2022, and the details of the sale are as follows: 15 Carry-on bags-small at $21.00 each and 3 Power Adapters at $10.50 each were sold to Tran's Luggage Warehouse for a total of $391.55, including $45.05 HST. The default Revenue account is 4100, and the price list is Regular.
The terms of the sale are 2/10, net 30, with a default payment method of Pay Later and a cheque for receipts. The tax code is Hs, and the credit limit is $1,500.00.Tran's Luggage Warehouse is a new customer who purchased 15 Carry-on bags-small at $21.00 each and 3 Power Adapters at $10.50 each on March 8, 2022. The total amount of the sale is $391.55, including $45.05 HST.The default Revenue account for the transaction is 4100, and the price list is Regular. The terms of the sale are 2/10, net 30, which means that the customer has 30 days to pay the full amount, but if they pay within 10 days, they will receive a 2% discount.The default payment method for the sale is Pay Later, and the customer will pay by cheque for receipts. The tax code is Hs, and the credit limit is $1,500.00, which means that the customer cannot exceed that limit without obtaining approval from the company. Huong Tran is the contact person for Tran's Luggage Warehouse, and their phone number is 905-768-3620. They are located at 875 Burke Avenue, Markham, Ontario L2S 2Y9.
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report a liability on the balance sheet, (b) disclose a contingent liability in the footnotes, or (c) not report the situation
A company must report a liability on the balance sheet and disclose any contingent liabilities in the footnotes.
When a company has a liability, it must report it on the balance sheet. A liability is a financial obligation that a company owes to another party. This can include debts, accounts payable, and other obligations. In addition, companies must also disclose any contingent liabilities in the footnotes of their financial statements. A contingent liability is a potential liability that may or may not occur. This can include lawsuits, warranties, and other potential costs. If the likelihood of the liability occurring is remote, it may not need to be reported. However, if the likelihood of the liability occurring is reasonably possible or probable, it must be disclosed in the footnotes of the financial statements. This helps investors and other stakeholders understand the financial obligations of the company and assess its financial health.
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At December 31, 2017, Gregson Inc. has these data on its
security investments:
Security Cost Fair
Value 12/
Fair Value: The estimated value of the security at date, based on current market conditions.
At December 31, 2017, Gregson Inc. has the following data on its security investments:
Security:
Cost: The initial cost incurred to acquire the security.
Fair Value: The estimated value of the security at the given date, based on current market conditions.
Unfortunately, the specific values for the cost and fair value of the security investments are not provided in the question. To provide a comprehensive answer, I would need the specific cost and fair value figures for the security investments as of December 31, 2017.
Please provide the cost and fair value data for the security investments so that I can assist you further in analyzing the investment portfolio of Gregson Inc. and its financial impact.
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Promissory Notes A college student, Austin Keynes, wished to purchase a new entertainment system from Friedman Electronics, Inc. Because Keynes did not have the cash to pay for the entertainment system, he offered to sign a note promising to pay $150 per month for the next six months. Friedman Electronics, eager to sell the system to Keynes, agreed to accept the promissory note, which read, "I, Austin Keynes, promise to pay to Friedman Electronics or its order the sum of $150 per month for the next six months." The note was signed by Austin Keynes. About a week later, Friedman Electronics, which was badly in need of cash, signed the back of the note and sold it to the First National Bank of Halston. Give the specific designation of each of the three parties on this note.
The three parties involved in this promissory note are Austin Keynes (maker), Friedman Electronics, Inc. (payee), and First National Bank of Halston (holder).
The maker of the promissory note is Austin Keynes, the college student who promises to pay $150 per month for the next six months. He is the debtor who owes the specified amount to the payee. Friedman Electronics, Inc. is the payee, the party to whom the payment is promised. They initially accepted the note in exchange for the entertainment system. The holder of the note is the First National Bank of Halston, which purchased the note from Friedman Electronics, Inc. by signing the back of it. As the holder, the bank is entitled to receive the payment from the maker as specified in the note.
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Surf the Web for at least 15 minutes. Visit at least two different e-commerce sites. Make a list describing in detail all the different marketing communication tools you see being used. Which do you believe is the most effective and why?
The marketing communication tools observed on the e-commerce sites include social media ads, email marketing, product recommendations, customer reviews, and promotional banners. The most effective tool is customer reviews as they provide social proof and build trust, influencing purchasing decisions.
On e-commerce sites, social media ads are commonly used to reach a wider audience and drive traffic to the site. Email marketing is employed to send personalized offers and reminders to customers. Product recommendations use algorithms to suggest related or similar items, increasing cross-selling opportunities. Customer reviews play a crucial role as they provide authentic feedback from previous buyers, building trust and influencing potential customers. Promotional banners showcase discounts, sales, or new arrivals. Among these tools, customer reviews are often the most effective as they provide social proof, offering insights into product quality and satisfaction, and influencing potential customers to make a purchase.
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Why would the government be willing to erect barriers to entering an industry? The government would be willing to impose barriers to
A. encourage firms to carry out research and development of new and better products.
B. protect the public from incompetent practitioners. C. protect U.S. firms from international competition. D. both a and b. E. all of the above.
A. Encourage firms to carry out research and development of new and better products. B. Protect the public from incompetent practitioners. C. Protect U.S. firms from international competition.
The government may be willing to erect barriers to entering an industry for multiple reasons. Barriers can encourage firms to carry out research and development of new and better products. By creating obstacles for new entrants, existing firms are incentivized to invest in innovation and improve their products or services to maintain a competitive advantage. Barriers can be imposed to protect the public from incompetent practitioners. Certain industries, such as healthcare or financial services, may require strict regulations and licensing requirements to ensure that practitioners meet specific standards and qualifications. These barriers help maintain quality, safety, and ethical standards, safeguarding the interests of the public.
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Explain why Harvard University, a tax-exempt investor, should be
concerned with changes in dividend policy on common shares using
Black & Scholes (1973) and any other applicable literature.
Harvard University, a tax-exempt investor, should be concerned with changes in dividend policy on common shares using Black & Scholes (1973) and any other applicable literature because it can affect the stock price and value of the university's investments.
Investment decisions made by investors, including tax-exempt ones like Harvard University, are usually based on the value of their investment. The value of their investment is largely determined by the stock price of the company that they invested in. The stock price is influenced by many factors, one of which is the dividend policy of the company.
The Black & Scholes (1973) model is a mathematical formula used to determine the value of a stock option based on certain assumptions. This model assumes that a stock's price is affected by five main factors: stock price, exercise price, time to expiration, risk-free interest rate, and volatility. The dividend yield is not directly included in the Black & Scholes (1973) formula. However, it is indirectly included in the calculation of stock price volatility.
The value of a company's dividend policy to investors lies in the idea that, when a company pays out dividends to its shareholders, it is sending a signal to the market about the company's future prospects. A company that pays out dividends is signaling to the market that it has enough cash to share with shareholders, and that it is confident about its future prospects.
In contrast, a company that reduces its dividend or stops paying dividends altogether is signaling to the market that it is experiencing financial difficulties, which can lead to a decline in the company's stock price.
Therefore, Harvard University should be concerned with changes in dividend policy on common shares using Black & Scholes (1973) and any other applicable literature because it can affect the stock price and value of the university's investments.
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Nancy is a New York domiciliary, who receives a job promotion from her New York based employer on December 15, 2013. As part of the job promotion, she is required to move to Denmark on December 16, 2013, where she will work at a bona fide office of her employers. Although she is moving to Denmark, she decides to keep her apartment in New York, which she will rent out on Craigslist. She stays in Denmark for the next 7 years. While she is there, she marries a Denmark citizen, has two children, owns a home in Denmark, and becomes a Denmark citizen. She visits New York occasionally each year for social events. From 2014-18, Nancy is in NY 30 days each year. In 2019, she is in NY for 31 days. Nancy however, always intends to return to New York after her stay in Denmark, which she eventually does on January 5, 2020.
Which of the following years is Nancy treated as a New York resident for NY income tax?
a. 2013 and 2020 only
b. 2020 only
c. 2019 only
d. 2013 to 2020
e. 2013, 2019 and 2020 only
Nancy is not considered a New York resident for income tax purposes during those years.
Based on the information provided, Nancy is treated as a New York resident for NY income tax in the years 2013 and 2020. In 2013, Nancy receives a job promotion and moves to Denmark, but her intent to return to New York is evident. Therefore, she is still considered a New York resident for that year. In 2020, Nancy finally returns to New York with the intention of staying, solidifying her status as a New York resident for that year.
The other years mentioned in the options do not meet the criteria for Nancy to be treated as a New York resident for NY income tax purposes. Although she occasionally visits New York during the years 2014-2019, her visits are within the allowed limits of the statutory residency test, which is 30 days or less. Therefore, she is not considered a New York resident for income tax purposes during those years.
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A qualitative procedure used to develop a consensus forecast is known as A. the Delphi technique B. regression methods exponential smoothing D. moving average
The Delphi approach is a qualitative process used to create a consensus forecast.
The Delphi method is a popular qualitative method for creating forecast that are widely accepted. In order to arrive at a group prediction, it entails an organised and iterative process of gathering and analysing input from a group of stakeholders or experts.
When using the Delphi method, experts contribute their particular predictions or opinions on a certain issue or topic while remaining anonymous. After gathering and compiling the responses, the facilitator anonymizes them to prevent participant prejudice or influence. The experts are then given access to the condensed responses for additional analysis and revision.
The experts are urged to examine the combined responses and offer updated predictions or conclusions based on the accumulated data. This procedure keeps going until the experts reach agreement or convergence.
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This is the equivalent of "Fill in the blanks" Each of the statements below matches with one of the following terms sensitivity, scenario, or break even. Pick the ordering that best matches each term with the following statements
_______________________ - examines one variable at a time, tells you how far a variable can fall before you begin to lose money ________________________ - examines one variable at a time; requires judgment regarding how much to change each variable. _________________________- able to take into account interactions/correlations between the variables A. Scenario, Sensitivity, Break-even B. Scenario, Break-even, Sensitivity C. Break-even, Sensitivity, Scenario. D. Sensitivity, Break-even, Scenario. E. Sensitivity, Scenario, Break-even F. Break-even, Scenario, Sensitivity.
Scenario examines one variable at a time, tells you how far a variable can fall before you begin to lose money. Sensitivity examines one variable at a time; requires judgment regarding how much to change each variable. Break-even able to take into account interactions/correlations between the variables. Option A is correct.
Scenario: Scenario analysis examines one variable at a time and requires judgment regarding how much to change each variable. It involves creating different scenarios to assess the impact on financial outcomes or performance. This matches with the statement that requires judgment regarding how much to change each variable.Sensitivity: Sensitivity analysis examines one variable at a time and tells you how far a variable can fall before you begin to lose money. It helps in understanding the impact of changes in individual variables on the overall outcome. This matches with the statement that examines one variable at a time and tells you how far a variable can fall before you begin to lose money.Break-even: Break-even analysis is able to take into account interactions/correlations between variables. It determines the point at which revenue equals expenses and no profit or loss is incurred. This matches with the statement that is able to take into account interactions/correlations between variables.Therefore, the correct ordering is A. Scenario, Sensitivity, Break-even.
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CU i % wil CU i wil maliz dollar 24. rements 1. If the market interest rate is 5% when TCU issues its bonds, will the bonds be priced at face value, at a premium, or at a discount? Explain. 2. If the
If the market interest rate is 5% when TCU issues its bonds, the bonds will be priced at a premium. This is because the bonds are paying an 8% coupon rate, which is higher than the market rate.
Investors are willing to pay more for bonds that pay a higher interest rate, so the bonds will trade at a price above their face value.
The amount of the premium will depend on the difference between the market interest rate and the coupon rate. In this case, the difference is 3%. So, if the face value of the bonds is $400,000, they will likely trade for $424,000.
When a company issues bonds, it is essentially borrowing money from investors. The company agrees to pay the investors interest on the loan, and to repay the loan in full at a certain date. The interest rate that the company pays is called the coupon rate.
The market interest rate is the interest rate that investors are willing to accept for lending money. If the market interest rate is higher than the coupon rate, then the bonds will be priced at a discount. This is because investors can get a higher interest rate by investing in other bonds.
If the market interest rate is lower than the coupon rate, then the bonds will be priced at a premium. This is because investors are willing to pay more for bonds that pay a higher interest rate.
In the case of TCU, the market interest rate is 5%, which is lower than the coupon rate of 8%. Therefore, the bonds will be priced at a premium.
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5 o Part 3 of 4 14.28 points Help Required information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below] Corrigan Enterprises is studying the acquisition of two electrical component insertion systems for producing its sole product, the universal gismo. Data relevant to the systems follow. Model no. 67541 Variable costs, $16.00 per unit Annual fixed costs, $986,000 Model no. 43991 Variable costs, $11.80 per unit Annual fixed costs, $1,113,900 Corrigan's selling price is $61 per unit for the universal gismo, which is subject to a 15 percent sales commission. (In the following requirements, ignore income taxes.) 3. Assume Model 4399 requires the purchase of additional equipment that is not reflected in the preceding figures. The equipment will cost $440,000 and will be depreciated over a five-year life by the straight-line method. How many units must Corrigan sell to earn $969,000 of income if Model 4399 is selected? As in requirement 2, sales and production are expected to average 46,000 units per year. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answer up to nearest whole number.) units Required sales Skipped eBook Pont References Save & Exit Submit Check my work our dund ome as ons and
Assume Model 4399 requires the purchase of additional equipment that is not reflected in the preceding figures. The equipment will cost $440,000 and will be depreciated over a five-year life by the straight-line method.
As in requirement 2, sales and production are expected to average 46,000 units per year. For the calculation of income, we will first determine the total cost of the system with the additional equipment. Annual fixed costs of model no. 43991 = $1,113,900 Annual fixed cost of the equipment = $440,000
Depreciation of equipment = $440,000/5 = $88,000
Variable costs of model no. 4399 = $11.80 per unit
Total annual cost = $1,113,900 + $440,000 + $88,000 + $542,800 (46,000 × $11.80) = $2,184,700
Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit = $61 - $11.80 = $49.20
Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin per unit / Selling price per unit
= $49.20 / $61 = 0.806557377Required income = $969,000
Target profit = Total cost - Required Income
= $2,184,700 - $969,000 = $1,215,700
Break-even sales = Total cost / Contribution margin ratio
= $1,215,700 / 0.806557377 = $1,505,535.57
Break-even units = Break-even sales / Selling price per unit = $1,505,535.57 / $61 = 24,672.409Let x be the number of units required to earn $969,000 of income.
Total sales = x unit selling price per unit = $61 Commission rate = 15%
Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit × (1 - Commission rate) - Variable cost per unit
= $61 × (1 - 0.15) - $11.80= $44.85
Income = (Contribution margin per unit × x units) - Total fixed cost - Depreciation
= ($44.85 × x) - $2,184,700
Required income = (Contribution margin per unit × x units) - Total fixed cost - Depreciation
($44.85 × x) - $2,184,700 = $969,000x = ($969,000 + $2,184,700) / $44.85x = 67,965.784
Break-even units = 24,673 (rounded up) Units required to earn $969,000 of income = 67,966 (rounded up)
Therefore, Corrigan Enterprises must sell 67,966 units to earn $969,000 of income if Model 4399 is selected.
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25) Fill in Correct answer: The partnership's net income for the first year is $50,000. Nancy's capital balance is $83,000 and Betty's capital balance is $11,000 at the end of the year. Calculate the
To calculate the partnership's net income for the first year, you need to know the capital contributions or withdrawals made by Nancy and Betty during the year.
To calculate the missing information, we need to determine the total capital balance of the partnership at the end of the year. Total capital balance = Nancy's capital balance + Betty's capital balance Total capital balance = $83,000 + $11,000 Total capital balance = $94,000 Since the partnership's net income for the first year is $50,000, we can allocate this income based on the partners' capital balances.Nancy's share of the net income = (Nancy's capital balance / Total capital balance) * Net income Nancy's share of the net income = ($83,000 / $94,000) * $50,000 Nancy's share of the net income = $44,362.77 (rounded to the nearest cent)Betty's share of the net income = (Betty's capital balance / Total capital balance) * Net income Betty's share of the net income = ($11,000 / $94,000) * $50,000Betty's share of the net income = $5,319.15 (rounded to the nearest cent)
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Financial Accounting:
1/ Who is Iron Maiden
musicians, and why are they important to the world
of BONDS?
Iron Maiden is a British heavy metal band that was formed in 1975. The band consists of talented musicians who have achieved global success and a dedicated fan base.
Iron Maiden is known for their energetic live performances, powerful music, and iconic mascot, Eddie.In the world of bonds, Iron Maiden holds significance through their pioneering efforts in the music industry's bond market. In 1997, Iron Maiden became the first major band to issue a bond called "Entertainment Bond" as a means of raising capital. The bond allowed fans to invest in the band's future earnings, giving them a unique opportunity to support their favorite musicians and potentially earn returns.
The issuance of the Entertainment Bond by Iron Maiden opened new possibilities for artists to explore alternative financing options beyond traditional record deals and concert revenues. It showcased the potential for bands to leverage their brand and fan base to access capital markets directly.
Iron Maiden's venture into the bond market highlighted the importance of innovation and creativity in the financial realm, demonstrating how musicians can utilize financial instruments like bonds to enhance their financial strategies and maintain artistic independence.
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Power Company is preparing the closing entries at the end of its 2020 accounting period. Power Company has normal balances in the following accounts: Retained Earnings, beginning balance $25,000 Service Revenue 60,000 Salaries Expense 15,000 Dividends 5,000 What are the balances in the following accounts after the closing journal entries are posted? Service Revenue 60,000 Salaries Expense 15,000 Dividends 5,000 Retained Earnings 65,000 O Service Revenue Salaries Expense Dividends 0 Retained Earnings 25,000 Salaries Expense Service Revenue 60,000 Dividends 5,000 Retained Earnings 25,000 15,000 Service Revenue Salaries Expense Dividends Retained Earnings 0 65,000 O O As IN
The balances in the following accounts after the closing journal entries are posted as given below: Service Revenue: $60,000 Salaries Expense: $15,000 Dividends: $5,000 Retained Earnings: $65,000
Closing entries: Closing entries are made at the end of an accounting period to transfer temporary account balances to permanent accounts. Temporary accounts include revenue, expense, and dividends accounts, which are closed at the end of the accounting year. Retained Earnings: Retained Earnings, beginning balance $25,000. This account is a permanent account that is not closed, as it carries over from year to year. The net income or net loss for the year is added to the Retained Earnings account. The dividends paid during the year are deducted from the Retained Earnings account. Salaries Expense: $15,000 is the normal balance for Salaries Expense. It is a temporary account that is closed at the end of the accounting year. Service Revenue: $60,000 is the normal balance for Service Revenue. It is a temporary account that is closed at the end of the accounting year. Dividends: $5,000 is the normal balance for Dividends. It is a temporary account that is closed at the end of the accounting year. Therefore, after the closing journal entries are posted, the balances in the following accounts are: Service Revenue: $60,000Salaries Expense: $15,000Dividends: $5,000 Retained Earnings: $65,000, which is the beginning balance ($25,000) plus net income for the year ($45,000) less dividends paid during the year ($5,000).
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Question 30
"Find the beta of Pool Shark Corp. if the variance of its stock
returns is 0.44, its correlation with the market is 0.25, and the
variance of market returns is 0.1."
0.75
0.56
The beta of Pool Shark Corp can be calculated using the given information. The beta value is found to be 0.75, indicating the stock's sensitivity to market movements.
Beta is a measure of a stock's volatility in relation to the overall market. It indicates how much the stock's price is expected to move in response to changes in the market. In this case, we can calculate the beta of Pool Shark Corp using the provided information.
The formula to calculate beta is:
Beta = Covariance(stock returns, market returns) / Variance(market returns)
Given that the variance of the stock returns is 0.44 and the variance of market returns is 0.1, we have the necessary components to calculate beta.
First, we need to find the covariance between the stock returns and the market returns. Covariance measures the relationship between the two variables and how they move together. The correlation coefficient can be used to calculate the covariance.
Covariance(stock returns, market returns) = Correlation(stock returns, market returns) * (Standard Deviation(stock returns) * Standard Deviation(market returns))
Using the given correlation of 0.25 and the variance of market returns of 0.1, we can calculate the standard deviation of the market returns as the square root of the variance, which gives us 0.316.
Now, plugging in the values into the covariance formula:
Covariance(stock returns, market returns) = 0.25 * (sqrt(0.44) * 0.316) = 0.056
Finally, we can calculate the beta:
Beta = Covariance(stock returns, market returns) / Variance(market returns) = 0.056 / 0.1 = 0.56
Therefore, the beta of Pool Shark Corp is 0.56. This value indicates that the stock is expected to be 56% as volatile as the overall market. A beta greater than 1 would indicate higher volatility, while a beta less than 1 suggests lower volatility. In this case, with a beta of 0.56, Pool Shark Corp is considered to have a lower level of volatility compared to the overall market.
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Objectives of auditing. (Clear and detailed objectives were given on auditing)
Types of business risk. (Four types of business risk was given)
Discussion on importance of information technology auditing. (Able to clearly discuss four importance of information technology auditing.
Implications of information technology auditing in reducing business risk. (Able to provide four detailed implications on how information technology auditing can help to reduce business risk.)
References (Four journals were relevant. References were given in APA format)
Auditing serves several objectives, including ensuring the accuracy and reliability of financial statements, assessing compliance with laws and regulations, detecting and preventing fraud, and providing assurance to stakeholders. Business risks can be categorized into four types: strategic risks, financial risks, operational risks, and compliance risks.
Auditing has clear and detailed objectives, including verifying the accuracy and reliability of financial statements to provide assurance to stakeholders. It involves assessing compliance with laws and regulations, detecting and preventing fraud, and evaluating internal control systems. These objectives ensure transparency, accountability, and trust in financial reporting. Business risks encompass various factors that can affect an organization's success. Strategic risks pertain to the business's overall direction and market position, while financial risks relate to potential losses or disruptions in financial management. Operational risks focus on internal processes and systems, and compliance risks involve adherence to legal and regulatory requirements. Information technology auditing is of great importance in today's digital era. It ensures the reliability and security of IT systems and infrastructure by evaluating controls, identifying vulnerabilities, and detecting cyber threats. IT auditing also plays a crucial role in reducing business risks. Firstly, it enhances data security by assessing and improving the protection of sensitive information. Secondly, IT auditing ensures compliance with relevant regulations and industry standards, reducing legal and regulatory risks. Thirdly, it improves operational efficiency by identifying areas for optimization and streamlining IT processes. Lastly, IT auditing provides valuable insights and recommendations for informed decision-making, reducing risks associated with incorrect or incomplete information.
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Give an example of how to value cost of purchases in distorted input market when Inputs
are in Fixed Supply. (Please use curve and figure to show your answer)
In a distorted input market, it is challenging to value the cost of purchases when inputs are in fixed supply. The cost of purchases for firms increases due to the monopoly power of the suppliers.
An example of a distorted input market is one where there is an oligopoly or a monopoly that controls the supply of inputs. For instance, let's assume that there are only two suppliers of a particular input in the market, and they control the supply of this input.
Due to their monopoly power, they can distort the price of this input to maximize their profits. To illustrate this scenario, we can use the following graph: Here, we assume that there are two suppliers of the input in the market, and they control the supply of the input.
As the supply of the input is fixed, the supply curve is vertical, as shown in the graph. The demand curve represents the quantity of the input that firms are willing to purchase at various prices. At P1, the quantity demanded is Q1. However, as the suppliers have monopoly power, they can distort the price to P2 and reduce the quantity demanded to Q2. This results in an increase in the cost of purchases for firms. As a result, firms have to pay higher prices to purchase the same amount of input. This can lead to higher costs for firms and lower profits in the long run.
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The postbox rule states that an offer is accepted when the acceptance is placed in the mail. Select one: True Or False
Privity of contract is the principle that you cannot enforce the terms of a contract that you are not a party to Select one: True Or False
The postbox rule states that an offer is accepted when the acceptance is placed in the mail. True.
Privity of contract is the principle that you cannot enforce the terms of a contract that you are not a party to. True.
The postbox rule, also known as the mailbox rule, is a common principle in contract law. According to this rule, an offer is considered accepted as soon as the acceptance is placed in the mail. This means that once the acceptance is properly mailed, it becomes effective, even if the offeror has not yet received it. The rationale behind this rule is to provide certainty and avoid disputes regarding the timing of acceptance in situations where communication is conducted by mail.
Privity of contract refers to the legal relationship between the parties to a contract. It signifies that only the parties who are directly involved in a contract have the right to enforce its terms and sue for any breaches. This means that a third party who is not a party to the contract generally cannot enforce its terms or claim any rights under it. The principle of privity of contract protects the autonomy and intentions of the contracting parties
The postbox rule states that an offer is accepted when the acceptance is placed in the mail, and this is true. Privity of contract is the principle that you cannot enforce the terms of a contract that you are not a party to, and this is also true. These principles play important roles in contract law and help determine the rights and obligations of the parties involved in contractual relationships.
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To what extent does the approach to time management at McDonald
display features of strategic human resource management?
The approach to time management at McDonald's displays several features of strategic human resource management.
These features include the alignment of time management practices with overall business objectives and the utilization of time as a strategic resource to improve operational efficiency and customer service.In the fast-paced environment of McDonald's, time management plays a crucial role in ensuring smooth operations and meeting customer demands. The company strategically manages its workforce by implementing efficient scheduling practices to optimize labor allocation. By aligning time management practices with business objectives, McDonald's aims to enhance productivity, control costs, and improve customer satisfaction.
Additionally, McDonald's emphasizes employee training and development to ensure effective time management. Through training programs, employees are equipped with the necessary skills to efficiently perform their tasks, manage time effectively, and provide timely service to customers. By investing in employee development, McDonald's promotes a culture of continuous improvement and enhances overall operational efficiency.
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