Answer:
Natural selection.
Explanation:
Natural selection can be defined as a biological process in which species of living organisms having certain traits that enable them to adapt to environmental factors such as predators, competition for food, climate change, sex mates, etc., tend to survive and reproduce, as well as passing on their genes to subsequent generations.
Simply stated, natural selection entails the survival of the fittest. Therefore, the species that are able to adapt to the environment will increase in number while the ones who can't adapt will die and go into extinction.
In this scenario, the mechanism of evolution responsible for this was natural selection because after about 40 generations the evolution of reproductive isolation was under way for the fruit fly. Thus, the more the offsprings that are reproduced by the parent organism, the more likely are they to survive.
Additionally, there is a better chance of having good or beneficial traits being passed from the parent organism to her offsprings.
While you and your little cousin are walking through a natural history museum, she points out the skull of an australopithecine with a large crest on the top and asks you what its purpose was. How might you correctly sum up this complicated evolutionary trait for your little cousin
Answer:
The purpose of the crest was to provide a surface for masticatory muscle attachment or insertion.
Explanation:
This crest is called the sagittal crest. It is present in extinct hominids, such as Australopithecus and Paranthropus, and can also be found in living animals such as gorillas or lions and some reptiles.
The sagittal crest is a bony structure that crosses the hominids´ skull longitudinally, and it is so well-developed that it stands out notoriously.
This crest, like others in the skulls, provides an attachment surface for many muscles. In the particular case of the sagittal crest, it is believed to provide an insertion area to mastication muscles.
It seems that Australopithecus had a special diet composed of tough items. The hominid probably needed to strong bite while eating. The strong jow muscles gave them the possibility to bite but needed a wide area for insertion. The sagittal crest provided that wide surface. There was a direct relationship between the size of the crest and the muscle mass. The bigger the crest was, the more developed the muscle was.
It is believed that in living animals, such as gorillas, the development of the crest in males is for sexual selection and reproductive success. The bigger the crest is, the more attractive the male is, and the more chances to be selected by the female to mate it will have. Some hypothesize that the development of the crest in Australopithecus could also be related to sexual selection.
HELP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
The answers are:
carrier proteins → charged amino acid
Carrier proteins are transmembrane proteins for the facilitated diffusion of charged amino acids across plasma membranes.
osmosis → water molecule
A type of passive transport, osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules in and out of cells.
active transport → calcium moves from low concentration to high concentration
This is the movement of substances across membranes against concentration gradient.
simple diffusion → oxygen
Oxygen molecules enter through membrane by simple diffusion from an area of high to low concentration.
exocytosis → proteins from the Golgi apparatus
This process of exocytosis is used by cells to release particles that has been packaged by the golgi bodies.
Explanation: Boom
Carrier Proteins is Charged Amino Acid, Osmosis implies to Water Molecule, Active Transport - Calcium moves from low concentration to high concentration, Simple Diffusion - Oxygen, and Exocytosis - Protein from the Golgi Apparatus.
In assisted diffusion, a type of transport in which charged amino acids or other molecules bind to particular carrier proteins in order to traverse the cell membrane, carrier proteins are involved.
The passage of charged amino acids through the membrane is aided by this mechanism.
Osmosis is the flow of water molecules over a membrane that is selectively permeable, caused by variations in solute concentrations.
The movement of substances against a gradient of concentration, usually from a region of lower concentration to one of greater concentration, is referred to as active transport.
In this instance, calcium ions are actively moved utilising ATP energy from low concentration to high concentration areas.
Simple diffusion is the gradient-driven passive migration of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
Due to their small size and nonpolarity, oxygen molecules can freely diffuse through the cell membrane through simple diffusion.
Exocytosis is the process through which cells discharge big molecules, such proteins, to the exterior of the cell from the Golgi apparatus.
The proteins are contained in vesicles that join the cell membrane and discharge their contents outside of the body.
Thus, charged amino acid transport is facilitated by carrier proteins, water molecules are moved by osmosis, calcium is moved against its concentration gradient by active transport, oxygen is moved along its concentration gradient by simple diffusion, and proteins are released from the Golgi apparatus through exocytosis.
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describe the structure of DNA and how it can be extracted from plant cells?
Explanation:
DNA can be extracted by grinding the tissue in dry ice or liquid nitrogen with the mortar and pestel or a food grinder. the cell membrane must be disrupted,so that the DNA is released into extraction buffer.
Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that make up plant tissues and have three types of DNA: nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplastic, for their study, nucleic acids must be isolated by physical or chemical methods.
What are plant cells?They are eukaryotic cells that make up many of the tissues of organisms belonging to the Plantae kingdom, have a differentiated nucleus, contain hereditary genetic information (DNA) and can be nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplastic.
The extraction and purification of nucleic acids constitutes the first stage of plant cells studies, the DNA precipitates in alcohol out of solution, where it can be seen and separates it from other cellular components, which are left in the aqueous solution.
Therefore, we can conclude that plant cells are eukaryotic cells that make up plant tissues and have three types of DNA: nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplastic, for their study, nucleic acids must be isolated by physical or chemical methods.
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Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a mutation that changes the second nucleotide of the codon from GAG to GUG. This results in a change of the amino acid from glutamic acid to valine. If the mutation affected the third nucleotide of the codon and changed GAG to GAU then the amino acid would change from a glutamic acid to aspartic acid. Would you predict this change to have the same effect
Answer:
This change would be predicted to have less effect compared to the change of the amino acid from glutamic acid to valine.
Explanation:
A conservative mutation is a type of mutation that leads to the replacement of one amino acid by another with similar properties. Both glutamic acid and aspartic acid are similar in size and biochemical properties. These amino acids are acidic dicarboxylic acids (i.e., they contain two carboxyl groups or ―COOH). The side chains of both glutamic acid and aspartic acid are similar, with the exception that glutamic acid contains one additional methylene group in its side chain.
what are chromosomes
A. strands I'd DNA wrapped around proteins.
B. The alleles that cause certain traits.
C. Any organism that cause contains DNA
D. A form of virus that infects cells.
Answer:
A. strands I'd DNA wrapped around proteins.
Explanation:
DNA is securely packed within the nucleus by chromosomes, which are thread-like structures. Histone proteins offer structural support for DNA by coiling it around them. During cell division, chromosomes assist in the replication and distribution of DNA. Each chromosome has a centromere, which separates the p (short) and q (long) arms. The centromere is found at the constriction point of the chromosome, which may or may not be the center.
OAmalOHopeO
What components does the chemical level include
Answer:
The chemical level of organization, scientists consider the simplest building blocks of matter: subatomic particles, atoms and molecules.
Explanation:
This is the correct answer I hope this helps you out!
The flash patterns of fireflies attract mates of their own species. What type of reproductive isolation is this an example of?
Drag each label to the correct location.
Sort the questions based on whether they are testable.
How do customers feel about
the services of airlines?
Do polluta
Answer:
airlines - nontestable
pollutants- Testable
chocolate- Testable
meat- Nontestable
Explanation:
i just took the test nd got it right
Which method gives the actual age of a fossil in years?
Answer:
Radiometric dating methodsExplanation:
Researchers use a clock to estimate the date a rock or fossil was produced in order to ascertain its age. Radiometric dating methods, which are based on the natural radioactive decay of specific elements like potassium and carbon, are widely used by geologists to date ancient events.
OAmalOHopeO
what is pre. existing cell.
Answer:
hey, here is your answer mate..!
Explanation:
All known living things are made up of one or more cells. All living cells arise from pre-existing cells by division. The cell is the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms.
hope it helps mark as brainlist please
Answer:
The third part of the cell theory definition states that all cells come from preexisting cells. This means that cells don't just appear out of thin air (known as “spontaneous generation”). New cells are always made from current cells.
Some of the smallest cells in the human body are red blood cells. They make up nearly half the volume of blood. A typical red blood cell is 8 µm across. The largest artery that blood flows through is the aorta, which is about 20 mm (2 cm) across. How many red blood cells would fit side-by-side across the aorta? Show your working.
Answer:
[tex]$1.6 \times 10^{-3}$[/tex]
Explanation:
Given data :
Size of a typical red blood cells = 8 µm
= 0.0008 cm
The size of the largest artery through which the blood flows, known as aorta
= 20 mm
= 2 cm
Thus the number of the red blood cells that would fit side by side across the aorta would be = 2 cm x 0.0008 cm
= [tex]$1.6 \times 10^{-3}$[/tex]
What is the function of the enzyme RNA polymerase during transcription?
aids in packaging amino acids for use at a later time
aids in destroying the mRNA sequence that was read
helps speed up the process of transcription
helps slow down the process of transcription
Answer:
RNA polymerase is an enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence, duyring the process of transcription.
Explain how the changes in the villi of a person with coeliac disease may cause the person to lose weight and have low amounts of vitamins and minerals in their body
Answer:
The changes in the villi of a person with coeliac disease may cause the person to lose weight and have low amounts of vitamins and minerals in their body because Villi absorb vitamins, minerals and other nutrients from the food you eat.Cross-contamination of food occurs when a. perishable foods are kept at room temperature for more than 2 hours b. a utensil contaminated with a microorganism from a previously handled food contacts a second food c. two or more food handlers work on the same food d. two or more microorganisms grow in the same food
ANSWER: B
explanation: from what I learned in culinary arts, this is kind of a trick question. Its not asking how foods can get contaminated, its asking how CROSS CONTAMINATION can occur. Cross contamination occurs in three ways think of it like this: food-to-food, equipment-to-food, and people-to-food. The answer has to be between B and C. But the answer is B, because the utensil is already contaminated and it is coming in contact with another food. The two or more food handlers working on the same food are not bringing anything contaminated into the situation. Unless they are contaminated (by they I mean their hands lol) then it cross contaminates but that's not it lol im 99% sure the answer Is B.
Cross-contamination of food occurs when two or more foods come into contact with each other, transferring microorganisms from one food to another. This can happen in a number of ways, including direct contact, contact with a contaminated surface or utensil, contact with a contaminated food handler, or contact with airborne microorganisms.
What is the most common type of cross-contamination ?The most common type of cross-contamination is direct contact, which can occur when one food touches another. This is especially true of perishable foods, which should not be kept at room temperature for more than two hours.
If they are kept at room temperature longer than this, bacteria and other microorganisms can quickly multiply, potentially leading to cross-contamination.
Another common way for cross-contamination to occur is through contact with a contaminated surface or utensil. If a utensil that has been used to handle a food contaminated with microorganisms comes into contact with a second food, the microorganisms can transfer to the second food and cause cross-contamination.
Similarly, if two or more food handlers work on the same food, their hands can transfer microorganisms from one food to another, leading to cross-contamination. Finally, if two or more microorganisms grow in the same food, they can interact with each other and potentially cause cross-contamination.
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Passive transport:
requires ATP.
appears to stop when equilibrium is reached.
contains molecules which move up the concentration gradient.
requires protein channels.
Answer:
Passive transport requires protein channels
Explanation:
IC What will be the difference in liquid pressure on their bases if bo B are filled with water completely but one of them is kept in Lumbini and another in Pokhara? Why?
Explanation:
Answer: Explanation: A will have more pressure in its base and B will have pressure half of A if they are kept in same place. ... B will have more liquid pressure because the density of the salty water is greater than the water.Oct 13, 2020
Please help 10 points for answers!!
Answer:
1=65
2=50
3=true
Explanation:
What is the Constant of “which bait works best for a fly trap?”
Answer:
Mix scraps of meat (the older, the better) with something sweet. Lots of people swear by using rotten fish or shrimp, which probably work best because they smell so much. Bait for Fruit Flies: Use fruit (the riper, the better), apple cider vinegar, fruit juice, syrup, wine, beer, or any combination
Osteoporosis is a disease that affects the bones and leads to an increase in bone fractures. Osteoporosis is most likely
to be affected by which cycle?
Answer:
osteoporosis is most likely to be affected by phosphorus.
I hope this helps
A eukaryotic cell carries out phagocytosis and engulfs a gram-negative bacterial cell, which ends up in the resulting food vacuole. Hypothetically, to go from the cytosol of this bacterial cell to outside of the eukaryotic cell that has taken it in, what is the least number of biological membranes that would have to be crossed
Answer: 3
Explanation:
Lysozyme and the food vacuole are both membrane bounded organelles. Then to go out of the eukaryotic cell, it has to pass through the cell membrane
Which is one function of steroids
Steroids have a number of different functions but essentially all act as hormones in the body.
Write the scientific meaning of the following words listed below:
Word List : Cells, organs, organism, multicellular, unicellular, neuron, impulse, sensory neuron, motor neuron, endocrine system, hormones, stimulus and reflex
Explanation:
cells : cells are buliding blocks of life .Every living organism is made up of cells
organs : They are a structure made up different tissues working for a specific function.
organism : Any being that respires grows, excretes , moves , reproduce , adapt , needs nuitrition and is sensitive to changes
multicellular: an organism that is made up of more than one cell
unicellular : an organism that is made uo of only one cell
nueron : a nerve cell
impulse : they are just like electrical impulses
sensory nuerons : also known as receptor nuerons .They transmit impulses to central nervous system.
motor nuerons: also knownas motor nueron. They transmit impulses from nervous system to the effectors
hormones : they are chemical substances produced by endocrine glands transported by blood ,alter the activity of one or more targeted organs in the body .
reflex: it is the immediate response to a specific stimulas without conscious control
ways in which soil organisms such as earth worms improve soil fertility
Answer:
by eating organic matter in the soil and excreting castings that are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium which make the soil nourishing.
The element with atomic number of 4 is
Answer:
Beryllium is the element with the atomic number 4.
What is a hominid? A)a family of tree-swinging monkeys B)a family of baboons C) a family of primates that include humans D) a family of bipedal apes
Answer:
a family of primates that include humans
Explanation:
C What is the important of making prority
Answer:
Priorities will guide you in life's decisions and keep you on track. Most importantly, priorities will give you the confidence to say "no." They help you identify what's truly needed in your life, versus what someone else feels is important.
Answer:
The importance of it are Establishing priorities is necessary in order to complete everything that needs to be done. Prioritization is important because it with allow you to give your attention to tasks that are important and urgent so that you can later focus on lower priority tasks.
Which would make for a weak claim?
• a blog cited as the source
• a large sample size
• clear variables and controls
• multiple trials
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Blogs can have a lot of misinformation
what is the final product of tranlation
Answer:
polypeptide
Explanation:
The amino acid sequence is the final result of translation, and is known as a polypeptide. Polypeptides can then undergo folding to become functional proteins.
A small GTP-binding protein called ______________ assembles as a ring around the neck of each deeply invaginated coated pit, pinch off the vesicle. After the budding is complete, the coat proteins are removed, and the naked vesicle can fuse with its target membrane.
Answer:
A small GTP-binding protein called dynamin assembles as a ring around the neck of each deeply invaginated coated pit, pinch off the vesicle. After the budding is complete, the coat proteins are removed, and the naked vesicle can fuse with its target membrane.
Explanation:
Dynamin - may be a GTPase that takes part in an important role in clathrin-dependent endocytosis and other vesicular trafficking processes by acting like a couple of molecular scissors for newly setup vesicles originating from the cell wall.
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While the average human is able to hold his or her breath for approximately one minute, a whale can dive for over 30 minutes without returning to the surface. Which of the following correctly describes this difference?
Whales need less energy than humans.
Whales gather energy from their environment better than humans.
Whales are more efficient at gas exchange than humans which helps them conserve energy.
Whales have cells that produce energy differently than humans.
