The force of friction between the ball and the grass is 309.98 N.
What is Friction?
It occurs as a result of the microscopic irregularities on the surfaces that interlock and resist relative motion. The amount of friction between two surfaces depends on factors such as the nature of the surfaces in contact, the force pressing the surfaces together, and the relative speed between the surfaces. Friction can be beneficial in some situations, such as in walking or driving a car, but it can also be a hindrance in others, such as in machines where it causes wear and tear on moving parts.
To calculate the force of friction, we can use the formula:
Friction force = coefficient of friction × normal force
The normal force is the force that the ground exerts on the ball and is equal to the weight of the ball, which is:
Weight = 21.79 kg × 9.81 m/s^2
Weight = 213.68 N
So, the normal force is 213.68 N.
Now we can calculate the friction force:
Friction force = 1.45 × 213.68 N
Friction force = 309.98 N
Therefore, the force of friction between the ball and the grass is 309.98 N.
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semiconductors can simplistically be thought of as an intermediate state between insulators and conductors. in a semiconductor, charges are normally bound in place (like in an insulator), but when injected with enough energy, the charges can move freely (like in a conductor). given what we have observed about the behavior of conductors and insulators in this exploration, what would happen if we replaced the pvc rod with a semiconductor material? what mechanisms could we employ to inject energy into the bound charges in the semiconductor to force it to act like more of a conductor?
Replacing PVC rod with semiconductor material, its behavior would depend on specific properties. To inject energy we can apply a voltage.
If we replaced the PVC rod with a semiconductor material, the behavior of the rod would depend on the specific properties of the semiconductor. Semiconductors have a unique property called the bandgap, which is the energy difference between the highest occupied energy level (valence band) and the lowest unoccupied energy level (conduction band). When an external energy source, such as heat or light, is applied to a semiconductor, it can promote electrons from the valence band to the conduction band, creating a flow of free electrons that can conduct electricity.
To inject energy into the bound charges in the semiconductor and force it to act more like a conductor, we could use several mechanisms. One common approach is to apply a voltage across the semiconductor, which creates an electric field that can promote electron movement. Another approach is to expose the semiconductor to light, which can excite electrons to higher energy levels and promote conduction. Additionally, thermal energy can cause the semiconductor to act more like a conductor by promoting electron movement. These mechanisms can be used to tailor the conductivity of semiconductors, which is the foundation of many modern technologies such as transistors, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
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show answer no attempt 50% part (b) how much energy is lost to friction if the motorcycle only gains an altitude of 21 m before coming to rest?
From the information provided, the energy lost to friction if the motorcycle only gains an altitude of 21 m before coming to rest is approximately 65,954.64 J.
To calculate the energy lost to friction, we need to first determine the initial total mechanical energy of the motorcycle and the final total mechanical energy of the motorcycle after it has climbed to a height of 21 meters and come to rest. The difference between the initial and final energies will give us the energy lost to friction.
The initial total mechanical energy of the motorcycle is given by:
Ei = (1/2)mv² + mgh + 2(1/2)Iw²
where m is the mass of the motorcycle, v is its initial speed, h is the height it climbs, g is the acceleration due to gravity, I is the moment of inertia of the wheels, and w is their initial angular velocity.
We need to calculate the moment of inertia of each wheel:
I = (1/2)mr²
where m is the mass of the wheel and r is its radius. Substituting the given values, we get:
I = (1/2)(12 kg)(0.33 m)² = 0.6534 kg m²
The initial angular velocity of each wheel is not given, so we can assume that it is initially at rest (i.e., w = 0).
Substituting the given values into the equation for E, we get:
Ei = (1/2)(180 kg)(25 m/s)² + (180 kg)(9.81 m/s²)(36 m) + 2(1/2)(0.6534 kg m²)(0)²
= 101,812.44 J
The final total mechanical energy of the motorcycle is given by:
Ef = mgh
where m, g, and h are as before, and the speed and rotational energy of the wheels are both zero.
Substituting the given values, we get:
Ef = (180 kg)(9.81 m/s²)(21 m) = 35,857.8 J
The energy lost to friction is the difference between the initial and final energies:
Energy lost = Ei - Ef = 101,812.44 J - 35,857.8 J = 65,954.64 J
Question - Suppose a 180 kg motorcycle is heading toward a hill at aspeed of 25 m/s. The two wheels weigh 12 kg each and are each annular rings with an inner radius of 0.280 m and an outer radius of 0.330 m. Randomized Variables m 180 kg ˇ-25 m/s h 36 m. how much energy is lost to friction if the motorcycle only gains an altitude of 21 m before coming to rest?
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