The evaluation of a control system involves making an assessment of how well management has planned and organized the controls in a manner that supports their purpose.
A control system is a critical component of an organization's success. Control systems should be put in place to detect and prevent mistakes and fraudulent activity from occurring.
Control systems also ensure that resources are used efficiently and effectively. A control system should be tailored to the organization's size and complexity. The system should be designed to address the organization's particular needs and assessment .
Overall, effective control systems provide management with the necessary information to make informed decisions, enhance performance, and achieve the organization's goals.
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Match Maslow's needs to the organizational example. Self-Actualization Needs Esteem Needs Social Needs Security Needs When Elton Mayo studied lighting at the Hawthorne Works Western Electric outside Chicago he was puzzled by unexpected increases in productivity.
The famous American psychologist Abraham Maslow, developed a hierarchy of human needs, commonly known as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.
This theory is one of the most important theories in human resource management (HRM).
It explains how organizations can use Maslow's theory to meet the various needs of their employees.
Elton Mayo studied lighting at the Hawthorne Works Western Electric outside Chicago.
Mayo was puzzled by unexpected increases in productivity.
Here are the different needs of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs matched with this organizational example:-
Security needs:
Mayo discovered that when employees are in a positive and safe working environment, they are more productive.-
Social needs:
Mayo discovered that employees are more productive when they are given more attention by their superiors and colleagues.-
Esteem needs:
Employees are more productive when they are recognized for their work and have a sense of accomplishment.
-Self-actualization needs:
This is about realizing one's potential and is more concerned with the employee's growth and development.
When an employee is given opportunities to develop, they become more productive.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs can be used in different ways to create a better work environment for employees.
Managers can use the theory to identify the needs of their employees and develop strategies to meet them.
By meeting their employees' needs, organizations can create a positive working environment,
increase job satisfaction, and improve employee productivity.
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A monopolist has fixed costs of $132, a constant marginal cost of $8, and faces a demand curve given by P =44−2Q. The monopolist was engaging in first-degree price discrimination, however the Government has outlawed all forms of price discrimination. By how much does the monopoly's profit fall?
The monopoly's profit falls by $60 as a result of outlawing price discrimination.
The monopolist maximizes their profit by equating marginal cost with marginal revenue. Marginal revenue is the change in total revenue as a result of an additional unit of output.
The marginal revenue, in this case, is MR = 44 - 4Q.
The monopolist sets MR=MC, which is equivalent to
44 - 4Q = 8.
Solving this yields Q = 9. The corresponding price is P = 26.
Therefore, the monopoly's profit is
(26 - 8) × 9 - $132 = $90.
Following the ban on first-degree price discrimination, the monopolist must now charge a uniform price of $26.
From the demand curve, this implies a quantity of Q = 9.
At this output level, the monopolist's cost is
8 × 9 + $132 = $204.
Their total revenue is
(26) × 9 = $234.
Therefore, the profit after price discrimination is banned is
$234 - $204 = $30.
The difference between the profits under the two conditions is
$90 - $30 = $60.
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The Denver Post reported that, on average, a large shopping center had an incident of shoplifting caught by security 2.1 times every five hours. The shopping center is open from 10 AM to 9 PM. (11 hours). Let r be the number of shoplifting incidents caught by security in an 11-hour period during which the center is open.
(a) Explain why the Poisson probability distribution would be a good choice for the random variable r
O Frequency of shoplitting is a rare occurrence. It is reasonable to assume the events are dependent
O Frequency of shoplifting is a common occurrence. It is reasonable to assume the events are dependent
O Frequency of shoplifting is a common occurrence. It is reasonable to assume the events are independent
Frequency of shoplifting is a rare occurrence. It is reasonable to assume the events are independent.
The correct answer is Frequency of shoplifting is a rare occurrence. It is reasonable to assume the events are independent.
The Poisson distribution is a discrete probability distribution that describes the probability of a certain number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time or space if these events occur with a known average rate and independently of each other.
In this case, the average number of shoplifting incidents caught by security in a 5-hour period is 2.1. This means that the probability of a shoplifting incident occurring in a 5-hour period is very low. Additionally, it is reasonable to assume that the shoplifting incidents are independent of each other, meaning that the occurrence of one shoplifting incident does not affect the probability of another shoplifting incident occurring.
Therefore, the Poisson distribution is a good choice for the random variable r because it describes the probability of a rare event occurring independently in a fixed interval of time.
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Suppose a State of California bond will pay $1,500 eight years from now. If the going interest rate on these 7-year bonds is 6.3%, how much is the bond worth today?
a.$941.63
b.$904.54
c.$618.02
d.$978.04
e.$637.68
The value of the bond today can be calculated using the formula for the present value of a single future cash flow.
The formula for present value can be expressed as:
P = FVn / (1 + r)n
Where P is the present value, FVn is the future value (in this case $1,500), r is the interest rate (in decimal form), and n is the number of periods (in this case, 8 - the number of years until the bond matures).
Let's plug in the given values:
P = $1,500 / (1 + 0.063)8= $1,500 / 1.594 = $941.63Therefore, the value of the bond today is $941.63. So, the option A is correct.
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When creating a job description, what elements of a Key Result Area should be specified?
All responses are correct
Names of managers to report to
Objectives and Behavior
The components of a Key Result Area that should be addressed when writing a job description include Objectives and Behavior. Let's examine how each of these components functions in a job description.
A job description is a comprehensive account of an employee's responsibilities, skills, experience, and qualifications, as well as their job title, reporting structure, and key objectives. It also contains a description of the working environment, including any physical requirements or hazards.
Furthermore, it outlines the qualifications, education, and experience that are required of applicants for the position. Elements of a Key Result Area The following are the elements of a Key Result Area that should be specified when creating a job description:
Objectives: The objectives section of the KRA will detail the results that are expected of the employee in the position. These objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound (SMART) to aid in performance appraisal and motivation.
Behavior: This area of the KRA should specify the behavioral traits that the employee must exhibit in order to meet their objectives.
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Whisca oele of these statensents Fs corretf? A. All overseas operations present the same amount B. The value of an investment by a firm depends of the investment's cash flows. C. When selecting one of two projects, managers st from each. D. Most investors peefer greater risk over fess risk. E. Accountants record sales and expenses after the 24. The average squared difference between the actual r the: A. volatility return. B. variance. C. standard deviation. D. risk premium. E. excess return. 25. Which one of the following types of securities has icnded to produce the lowest real rate of return for the period 1926 through 2014 ? A. U.S. Trcasury bilk B. long-1erm government bonds C. small company stocks D. large company stocks E. Iong-tern corporale bonds 26. Which one of the following as a correct stafement conceming risk premium? A. The greater the volatility of returns, the greater the risk premaum. B. The lower the volatility of returns, the greater the risk p C. The lower the average rate of tetum, the greater the riv D. The risk premium is not correlated to the awerage rate o retum. E. The risk permium is not affected by the volatility of reti A. All overseas opcrations present the same announl B. The value of an investaent by a firm depends or: the investmert's cash flows. C. Whea selecting one of two projects, managers st froms cach. D. Most investors prefer greater risk over less risk. E. Accenutants record sales and expenses after the 24. The average squared difference between the actual r the: A. volatility return. B. variance. C. standard deviation. D. risk premium. E. cxcess refum. 25. Which one of the following types of securities has tended to produce the lowest real rate of return for the period 1926 through 2014 ?
The value of an investment by a firm depends on the investment's cash flows. The statement "The value of an investment by a firm depends on the investment's cash flows" is a correct statement.
This statement states that the value of investment by a company is directly proportional to the cash flows of the investment that the firm has made. A firm will evaluate its investment decision in terms of the present value of the expected cash flows associated with that investment.
This statement has significant practical implications as it will help in the effective decision making by the company. Following are the other answers for the given questions. U.S. Treasury bills26. The greater the volatility of returns, the greater the risk premium.
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Describe how you would use them to plan for innovation.
With considering the Covid-19 crisis, there has been so many fast changing forms of innovation that companies have had to adapt to, to maintain their company. If I had a company during the Covid crisis, I would hope that I was able to adjust my company and employees quickly to maintain success. When thinking of innovation during the beginning of Covid, I can't help to think of Zoom.
Explain how they could become game-changers.
Zoom was a game-changer for sure! When companies had to continue with meetings and group communication, Zoom was there to make that continue to happen in an innovative way. So many individuals had to adjust to technology. Kids had to adjust to seeing their classmates through a computer screen and people with minimal experience with technology had to learn the tech world almost over night.
Provide a visionary scenario for how these ideas can change people's lives.
For instance, Zoom changed people's lives quite quickly. People who weren't tech savvy, had to quickly learn how to do daily work tasks all from home. Another example, were kids around the world had to take their school world home. Instead of having a class setting, they had to adjust to learning at their home through a screen.
Post a quality response and post additional thoughts and/or questions
Innovation plays a crucial role in the success of a company. With the Covid-19 crisis, companies were forced to innovate quickly to maintain their businesses. The pandemic has caused several innovative solutions to come forward, and companies had to take advantage of these solutions to remain competitive.To plan for innovation, companies should identify the needs of their customers and find creative solutions to meet those needs.
The process of innovation should be continuous and not just a one-time effort. The following steps can help companies plan for innovation:Identify customer needs and problems that need solving.Brainstorm solutions with employees or stakeholders.Select the most viable solutions and develop prototypes.Test the prototypes with customers.Refine the solutions based on customer feedback.Implement the solution and continuously evaluate and improve it.Innovative solutions like Zoom can become game-changers by solving problems that people face.
For instance, Zoom made it possible for people to work and communicate from home during the pandemic. Without Zoom, many businesses would have struggled to continue their operations. Game-changing innovations like Zoom change people's lives by making their lives more convenient, efficient, and enjoyable.In conclusion, planning for innovation is an essential part of the success of any company. To plan for innovation, companies should identify customer needs and problems, brainstorm solutions, select the most viable solutions, develop prototypes, test the prototypes, refine the solutions, and implement and continuously improve the solution. Innovative solutions like Zoom can become game-changers by solving problems that people face, changing their lives, and improving their well-being.
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Indigo Bottling Corporation is considering the purchase of a new bottling machine. The machine would cost $510,000 and has an estimated useful life of 8 years with zero salvage value. Management estimates that the new bottling machine will provide net annual cash flows of $89.250. Management also believes that the new bottling machine will save the company money because it is expected to be more reliable than other machines, and thus will reduce downtime. Click here toview PV tables. How much would the reduction in downtime have to be worth in order for the project to be acceptable? Indigo's discount rate is 9%. (Usc the above table.) (Round factor values to 5 decimal places, e. $1.25124 and final answer to 0 decimal places, e.g. 5.275. ) Reduction in downtime would have to have a present value
The reduction in downtime would have to have a present value of at least $187,215.95 for the project to be acceptable.
to calculate this value, we need to find the present value of the net annual cash flows generated by the reduction in downtime over the 8-year useful life of the machine. Using the PV table and a discount rate of 9%, we can determine that the present value factor for 8 years at a discount rate of 9% is 5.75991. Dividing the net annual cash flows ($89,250) by this present value factor gives us the required present value of $187,215.95. In other words, the present value of the cost savings resulting from the reduced downtime must be at least $187,215.95 in order for the project to be financially viable, considering the discount rate of 9% and the expected cash flows over the machine's useful life.
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in some cases a free gingival groove separates the sulcular gingiva from the marginal gingiva true false
False, a free gingival groove does not separate the sulcular gingiva from the marginal gingiva.
Does a free gingival groove separate the sulcular gingiva?The free gingival groove refers to a shallow groove that can sometimes be observed in the gingival tissue, but it does not serve as a boundary between the sulcular and marginal gingiva.
The sulcular gingiva is the portion of the gingiva that surrounds the tooth in the area of the gingival sulcus while the marginal gingiva is the edge of the gingiva that forms a collar around the tooth.
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Topic: Factors of Online purchase intention
Discuss Three topic "a)Research methodology, b) Analysis and c)
Result".
The factors that influence online purchase intention have been of great interest to researchers.
Researchers have used a variety of research methods, analytical techniques, and statistical tools to investigate factors that are more relevant and robust in predicting consumers' online purchase intentions.
This paper will discuss the research methodology, analysis, and results of studies that have investigated the factors affecting consumers' online purchase intentions.
The research methodology adopted by studies in this area can be broadly classified into two categories: exploratory research and confirmatory research. Exploratory research aims to explore new ideas and concepts in an unstructured manner, without any predefined hypotheses.
In contrast, confirmatory research is hypothesis-driven and uses a preconceived set of hypotheses to be tested. The most common research methods employed in these studies are surveys, experiments, and field studies.
The analysis of the data collected in these studies involves several analytical techniques and statistical tools. The most commonly used analytical techniques are factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, and structural equation modeling.
Multiple regression analysis is used to examine the relationship between independent and dependent variables, while structural equation modeling is used to test the structural relationships between the variables under investigation. The results of studies investigating the factors affecting online purchase intentions have identified several key factors that significantly influence online purchase intentions.
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Monetarists usually hold [ ? ] expectations that people will form their expectations on the basis of the present realities and only gradually change their expectations as their experience unfolds.
Monetarists usually hold adaptive expectations that people will form their expectations based on present realities and gradually update them as their experience unfolds.
Monetarists generally adhere to the concept of adaptive expectations, which suggests that individuals form their expectations by observing current economic conditions and gradually adjust them over time as new information becomes available.
This approach contrasts with the idea of rational expectations, where individuals have perfect knowledge and make predictions based on an accurate understanding of the economic environment.
The concept of adaptive expectations in economics, particularly within the framework of monetarism, suggests that people base their future expectations on past experiences and present realities. According to monetarists, individuals do not possess complete or perfect information about the economy, and their expectations are influenced by recent events and observations.
Monetarists argue that individuals do not have access to all the relevant information or possess the ability to accurately forecast future economic conditions. Instead, they update their expectations gradually over time as they gain new experiences and information.
So, monetarists typically hold the view that people form their expectations based on present realities and gradually update them over time as their experiences unfold.
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Indicate one concept or question from any of the 10 project management knowledge areas.
One of the project management knowledge areas is Project Quality Management. The concept in this knowledge area is Quality Assurance.
The quality assurance is a process that is used to verify that the project outcomes, which are products, services, or results meet the quality requirements that have been set. The primary aim of quality assurance is to improve the quality of the product and reduce the chances of errors, defects, or poor quality of output. In addition, it is a process of measuring and controlling the quality of project deliverables.The quality assurance process involves creating a plan for quality assurance, executing the plan, and monitoring the outcomes to ensure the project's quality standards are met. The process can be used for different phases of a project and must be planned and implemented as early as possible. The quality assurance process can help prevent the risks associated with quality by detecting defects before they happen.
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Sunland's Computer Repair Shop started the year with total assets of $322000 and total liabilities of $213000. During the year, the business recorded $503000 in computer repair revenues, $313000 in expenses, and Sunland paid dividends of $50700. The net income reported by Sunland's Computer Repair Shop for the year was
© $190000
$294300
$159700
$109000.
Sunland's PC Auto Shop announced a total gain of $139,300 for the year. Ending retained earnings are calculated by adding the change in retained earnings
We should consider the year's incomes, costs, and profits to decide Sunland's PC Mechanics Shop net gain.
Total assets at the start of the year: $322,000
Total liabilities at the start of the year: $213,000
Computer repair revenues: $503,000
Expenses: $313,000
Dividends paid: $50,700
The adjustment of held profit should be determined to show up at the overall gain. Coming up next is the equation for deciding the adjustment of held profit:
Change in Retained Earnings = Net Income - Dividends
First, let's calculate the net income:
Net Income = Revenues - Expenses
Net Income = $503,000 - $313,000
Net Income = $190,000
Now, let's calculate the change in retained earnings:
Change in Retained Earnings = Net Income - Dividends
Change in Retained Earnings = $190,000 - $50,700
Change in Retained Earnings = $139,300
Ending retained earnings are calculated by adding the change in retained earnings to the beginning retained earnings.
Ending Retained Earnings = Beginning Retained Earnings + Change in Retained Earnings
Ending Retained Earnings = $0 + $139,300
Ending Retained Earnings = $139,300
The net income reported by Sunland's Computer Repair Shop for the year is $139,300.
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At its current level of production, a profit-maximizing firm in a competitive market receives $15.00 for each unit it produces and faces an average total cost of $13.00. At the market price of $15.00 per unit, the firm's marginal cost curve crosses the marginal revenue curve at an output level of 1,000 units. What is the firm's current profit? What is likely to occur in this market and why?
The current profit of the firm can be computed by the formula:
Profit = (Price - Average Total Cost) x Quantity
Profit = ($15.00 - $13.00) x 1,000Profit = $2.00 x 1,000
Profit = $2,000
The current profit of the firm is $2,000.
In this case, the firm will continue producing as long as it is covering its average total cost. Since the market price of $15.00 is higher than the average total cost of $13.00, it is profitable for the firm to continue producing. However, if the price falls below the average total cost, the firm will incur losses and it will be unprofitable to continue production. In such a situation, firms will either shut down or go out of business, leading to a decrease in the supply of goods.
The competitive market will drive out less efficient firms and only the most efficient firms will remain. This is because, in a competitive market, firms cannot charge more than the market price. Hence, firms will have to find ways to lower their costs of production to remain profitable.
As a result, firms will adopt more efficient production methods, leading to a decrease in the average total cost of production. This will result in a decrease in the market price, benefiting the consumers.
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Find the WACC for Private Company B based on the following information:
Public Company A Beta 1.11
Company A Debt/Total Capital 50%
Private Company B Debt/Total Capital 65%
After-tax Cost of Debt (market) 5.000%
Market information Risk free rate 3.700%
Risk premium 6.500%
Marginal tax rate 25%
Group of answer choices
The formula for calculating the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is as follows;
[tex]WACC = E/V * Re + D/V * Rd * (1 - Tc)[/tex]
Where, E = market value of the company's equity, V = total market value of equity and debt, Re = cost of equity, D = market value of the company's debt, Rd = cost of debt, and Tc = corporate tax rate. Assuming that Public Company A is a similar company as Private Company B, we can use the data of Public Company.
A to calculate the cost of equity for Private Company B. The WACC for Private Company B can be calculated as follows; Given,
[tex]Public Company A Beta = 1.11Risk free rate = 3.700%[/tex]
[tex]Risk premium = 6.500%After-tax Cost of Debt (market) = 5.000%[/tex]
[tex]Marginal tax rate = 25%Company A Debt/Total Capital = 50%[/tex]
[tex]Private Company B Debt/Total Capital = 65%[/tex]
For calculating the cost of equity of Private Company B, we will use the following formula;
[tex]Re = Rf + β x Risk premium= 3.70% + 1.11 x 6.50% = 7.495%[/tex]
Now, we can calculate the WACC for Private Company B using the following formula;
[tex][tex]WACC = E/V * Re + D/V * Rd * (1 - Tc)[/tex]
Let's assume that Private Company B has the same value of Equity and Debt as Company A. we can use the same percentages of Debt and Equity of Public Company A in the above equation.
[tex]WACC = 50% x 7.495% + 50% x 5.000% x (1- 25%) x 65% = 6.107%[/tex]
[tex]The WACC for Private Company B is 6.107%.[/tex]
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discuss what happens when two stations, each associated with a different isp, attempt to transmit at the same time? what is the aggregate transmission rate of both stations in this cas
when two stations associated with different ISPs attempt to transmit at the same time, collisions can occur. These collisions result in corrupted or garbled information. Network protocols like CSMA/CD are used to mitigate collisions. The aggregate transmission rate of both stations depends on the specific network and protocol being used, and collisions can reduce the overall efficiency of the network.
When two stations, each associated with a different ISP (Internet Service Provider), attempt to transmit at the same time, a phenomenon called "collision" occurs. In a collision, the data packets sent by both stations overlap, resulting in corrupted or garbled information. This happens because both stations are trying to use the same communication channel simultaneously, causing interference.
To avoid collisions, network protocols such as CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) are used. CSMA/CD is employed in Ethernet networks and ensures that stations listen to the communication channel before transmitting. If the channel is busy, stations wait for a random period of time before attempting to transmit again. This randomization reduces the chances of multiple stations trying to transmit simultaneously, reducing the likelihood of collisions.
In terms of aggregate transmission rate, when two stations transmit simultaneously, the combined transmission rate depends on the specific network and protocol being used. In some cases, the transmission rates of both stations may be reduced due to collisions and retransmissions. This reduction occurs because when a collision is detected, the stations involved stop transmitting and wait for a random period of time before trying again. Consequently, the overall efficiency of the network decreases.
It is important to note that the aggregate transmission rate can vary depending on factors such as the network infrastructure, the protocols being used, and the number of stations attempting to transmit simultaneously. In ideal conditions with no collisions, the aggregate transmission rate would be the sum of the individual transmission rates of each station.
To summarize, when two stations associated with different ISPs attempt to transmit at the same time, collisions can occur. These collisions result in corrupted or garbled information. Network protocols like CSMA/CD are used to mitigate collisions. The aggregate transmission rate of both stations depends on the specific network and protocol being used, and collisions can reduce the overall efficiency of the network.
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It's time to transmit the company's retirement contributions for the pay period. What report would be best utilized to submit the payment? Retirement Plans Balance Sheet Payroll Tax and Wage Summary Payroll Deductions/Contributions Profit and Loss
When it comes to transmitting a company's retirement contributions for the pay period, the best report that can be utilized to submit the payment is the Payroll Deductions/Contributions report.
What is the Payroll Deductions/Contributions reportThe Payroll Deductions/Contributions report is a report that contains a list of all the deductions made from an employee's paycheck for a specific pay period. This report includes information such as federal and state income tax withholdings, Social Security and Medicare taxes, and employee contributions to retirement plans and other benefits. It is an essential report for payroll processing because it helps to ensure that all deductions are accurate and that the employee's paycheck is correct.
How is the Payroll Deductions/Contributions report usedThe Payroll Deductions/Contributions report is used to calculate the total amount of money that needs to be transmitted to various agencies and organizations for a specific pay period. For example, if an employee contributes to a 401(k) plan, the amount deducted from their paycheck needs to be transmitted to the 401(k) plan provider. The Payroll Deductions/Contributions report shows the total amount of money that needs to be transmitted to the 401(k) plan provider for all employees who contribute to the plan during the pay period.In conclusion, when it's time to transmit a company's retirement contributions for the pay period, the Payroll Deductions/Contributions report is the best report to utilize as it contains all the information needed to calculate the total amount of money that needs to be transmitted to retirement plan providers.
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Covid had a huge impact on the Healthcare Industry and here is an example of some ways that it has changed.
1. Covid-19 has pushed the inevitable telemedicine revolution forward by a decade, if not more, according to health care leaders.
2. In most states, deaths in nursing homes and other long-term care facilities have accounted for over one-third of Covid-19 fatalities. It’s a disturbing statistic that some experts say could finally flip modern-day thinking about long-term care on its head. While assisted living or nursing facilities can provide consolidated services and around-the-clock medical care, the idea that society’s most vulnerable should be housed in such close quarters may have forever lost its appeal.
3. For years, politicians ranging from Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) to President Trump have blasted major pharmaceutical companies as profiteers. But Covid-19 has flipped the script: Never before has the public placed such pressure on drug companies to develop, at a breakneck pace, treatments and vaccines to guard against the novel coronavirus. Already, two major U.S. drug companies have made strides toward approvals for a therapeutic and a vaccine: Gilead Sciences (Links to an external site.) and Moderna (Links to an external site.), respectively. Some experts see the pandemic as a chance for the pharmaceutical industry to rehab its reputation in Washington, and for drug companies to showcase their vast research and development capabilities.
4. Covid-19 has already prompted calls for a dramatic scaling up of the country’s disaster readiness workforce. By consensus, America’s health care infrastructure wasn’t ready for the pandemic — at first incapable of conducting testing and later short on the workforce required to carry out the Herculean task of contact-tracing tens of thousands of new Covid-19 cases per day.
There are several proposals to increase the health care workforce in times of emergency. A bill from House Democrats would fund a $75 billion contact-tracing workforce through which hundreds of thousands of Americans use shoe-leather epidemiology to track Covid-19’s spread. Other ideas have focused on creating networks of retired doctors, once-trained practitioners who no longer work in medicine, and even advanced medical students participate in the medical equivalent of a National Guard.
Covid-19 has had a massive impact on the healthcare industry. Several ways through which it has changed the healthcare industry are listed below;
Telemedicine: Covid-19 has pushed telemedicine revolution forward by a decade. Healthcare leaders suggest that the rapid shift towards telemedicine has helped to save lives and reduce the number of people that come into the hospital unnecessarily. Telemedicine has enabled patients to receive medical care in their own homes while also reducing the chances of the virus spread.
Long-term care: Covid-19 has made the world think about long-term care differently. While nursing facilities can provide consolidated services and around-the-clock medical care, the idea that society's most vulnerable should be housed in such close quarters may have forever lost its appeal. In most states, Covid-19 fatalities accounted for over one-third of deaths in nursing homes and other long-term care facilities.
Pharmaceutical companies: For years, pharmaceutical companies have been blasted as profiteers. However, Covid-19 has changed the game. The public is now placing immense pressure on drug companies to develop treatments and vaccines to guard against the novel coronavirus. Pharmaceutical companies have a chance to rehab their reputation in Washington, and to showcase their vast research and development capabilities.
Workforce: Covid-19 has called for a dramatic scaling up of the country's disaster readiness workforce. America's health care infrastructure wasn't ready for the pandemic, and it was at first incapable of conducting testing. To help with this, proposals have been made to increase the healthcare workforce in times of emergency.
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Information that informs business practices often come in the form of a brief report. Question 11 options: True False
True.
Information that informs business practices is often presented in the form of a brief report.
This report may include relevant data, analysis, and recommendations to guide decision-making and improve business operations.
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You are required to highlight atleast 8 way out solutions for the current economic chaos of Pakistan's Economy with practical applications on the basis of a. GDP
b. $ rate
c. Interest rate
d. Reserves
e. Industry
f. Stock market
g. Trade deficit
h. Energy crisis
i. Current account deficit
And how regulate these rates , please explain with practical implementation.
Pakistan is facing an economic crisis due to various reasons including the country’s increasing fiscal and trade deficits, low foreign exchange reserves, and deteriorating balance of payments. Following are eight ways of resolving the current economic chaos of Pakistan’s economy through the regulation of GDP, $ rate, interest rate, reserves, industry, stock market, trade deficit, energy crisis, and current account deficit.
1. Diversification of Exports
Pakistan needs to diversify its exports to reduce its reliance on a few products like cotton, textile, and rice. The country should explore new markets and work on increasing exports of high-value products to help generate foreign exchange earnings.
2. Investment in Infrastructure
The development of infrastructure in the country is vital to the growth of the economy. The government should invest in infrastructure projects such as building highways, railways, and ports, which will create jobs and stimulate the economy.
3. Encouragement of Industrialization
Industrialization is vital to Pakistan's economic growth. The government should provide incentives and support to local industries to promote industrialization and attract foreign investment.
4. Increase in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
FDI can provide the much-needed capital for Pakistan's economy. The government should create a favorable investment environment for foreign investors to encourage FDI.
5. Control of Inflation
The government should take measures to control inflation by regulating the supply and demand of goods in the market.
6. Promotion of Agriculture
Agriculture is the backbone of Pakistan's economy, and the government should provide farmers with subsidies and incentives to increase agricultural production and exports.
7. Boosting of Exports
Pakistan should focus on increasing its exports to generate foreign exchange earnings. The government should take measures to promote export-oriented industries.
8. Reduction of Energy Crisis
Pakistan faces an energy crisis that has been a significant impediment to economic growth. The government should invest in alternative energy sources, including wind and solar, to reduce the country's dependence on fossil fuels.
The country should also seek the assistance of international institutions to help overcome the economic crisis. In conclusion, Pakistan needs to take immediate steps to improve its economy by implementing these eight solutions.
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Opportunity, cost is defined as: the value of the least desired alternative sacrificed to obtain another good or service, or to undertake another activity. the monetary value of obtaining a good or service, or to undertake an activity. the value of live most desired alternative sacrificed to obtain another good or service, or to undertake another activity. another name for the regret of not taking the action of obtaining a good or service A graph showing all the possible combinations of goods and services the economy can produce with available resources and technology is called the: consumption possibilities frontier. military-health tradeoff curve. (c) production possibilities frontier. (d) inverse relationship curve. economic growth curve. Positive economic statements are: statements that avoid making judgments 'negative' or 'good' statements that include value judgments. theoretically impossible to formulate. testable or verifiable. Both a and d are correct. Where are you most likely to find normative statements? On the front page of a major daily newspaper In an newspaper editorial making an argument favoring the benefits of the health care reform law. In an encyclopedia In a dictionary The model of the circular How of economic activity shows that: recessions are an impossibility. taxes always increasing government is necessary for the smooth operation of the economy. all sectors and all participants in lire economy are unrelated to one another. (c) The income received by resource owners is spent on goods and services and the earnings lo firms from this expenditure makes it possible for firms to continue to produce more goods and services 12. Which of the following are resources used in live production of goods and services? Natural resources Physical capital Labor - knowledge, skills, talents Entrepreneurship All of the above. The federal government's decision to allocate more resources to fighting a war costs little because the United States is already a military superpower. diverts resources away from producing other goods and services such as health care or transportation has no effect on the national economy because a military-industrial complex would have produced war goods anyway. Always leads to recessions.
Opportunity cost is defined as the value of the least desired alternative sacrificed to obtain another good or service or to undertake another activity. It represents the trade-offs we make when we choose one option over another. For example, if you have the choice between going to a party or studying for a test, the opportunity cost of going to the party would be the time and potential knowledge you could have gained from studying.
A graph showing all the possible combinations of goods and services the economy can produce with available resources and technology is called the production possibilities frontier (PPF). The PPF demonstrates the maximum potential output that an economy can achieve given its resources and technology. It illustrates the trade-offs between producing different goods or services. Points along the curve represent efficient use of resources, while points inside the curve represent inefficiency and points outside the curve represent unattainability.
Positive economic statements are statements that can be tested or verified. They are objective and avoid making value judgments. These statements focus on what is and can be observed in the economy. For example, "The unemployment rate is 5%" is a positive economic statement because it can be verified using data.
Normative statements, on the other hand, involve value judgments and express opinions about what should be. They cannot be tested or verified. You are most likely to find normative statements in sources such as newspaper editorials that present arguments favoring certain policies or beliefs. These statements are subjective and reflect personal opinions.
The circular flow model of economic activity shows that the income received by resource owners (such as wages or rent) is spent on goods and services. This expenditure then becomes the earnings of firms, which allows them to continue producing more goods and services. This circular flow of income and expenditure is essential for the smooth operation of the economy.
Resources used in the production of goods and services include natural resources (such as land and raw materials), physical capital (such as machinery and buildings), labor (which includes knowledge, skills, and talents of workers), and entrepreneurship (the ability to organize and take risks in business). All of these resources play a role in the production process.
The federal government's decision to allocate more resources to fighting a war has various consequences. It may divert resources away from producing other goods and services, such as healthcare or transportation. This allocation of resources can have an impact on the national economy. For example, if a significant portion of resources is allocated to the military, there may be a decrease in the availability of resources for other sectors. Additionally, the decision to allocate more resources to the military may have an opportunity cost in terms of alternative uses for those resources.
It is important to note that the impact of this decision on the economy can vary depending on various factors, such as the overall size of the economy and the efficiency of resource allocation. The statement that it always leads to recessions is not accurate, as the impact on the economy can be complex and dependent on specific circumstances.
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The performance report for which of the following responsibility centres would typically include revenues and costs? 1) Profit centre 2) Revenue centre 3) Cost centre 4) Investment centre
The performance report for the Profit centre would typically include revenues and costs. A profit center is a responsibility center in which managers are responsible for both revenues and costs and therefore profit.
It's the location in which a unit or a manager is held accountable for generating and managing revenues and costs. It is essential to use profit centers when developing a performance measurement system because they represent the company's different segments.
It is important to track all expenses, including direct and indirect expenses, as well as revenue in order to properly assess the profitability of a profit center. They are typically used to assess the financial performance of a company's operations and divisions, as well as to determine which departments are contributing to the company's bottom line. Managers of profit centers are rewarded for their success in increasing profit.
Their objective is to generate income that exceeds their expenditures. The profit center framework, like all measurement systems, has some flaws, but it has become a widespread means of assessing organizational efficiency and progress.
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Consider the following four terms and explain what they are
SWOT:
Crisis management:
Competitive strategy:
Goals:
Share how they are related
SWOT Analys is SWOT is an abbreviation for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. It is a strategic planning tool that aids businesses in assessing their internal and external environments.
The process's aim is to pinpoint the organization's advantages, limitations, future opportunities, and possible threats. It's utilized to recognize and solve problems and make decisions. Crisis Management Crisis management is the procedure by which an organization manages a significant event that jeopardizes its reputation, brand, and/or viability.
It involves recognizing and assessing risks, taking proactive measures to minimize damage, and developing and implementing recovery strategies to ensure that the organization bounces back. Competitive Strategy A competitive strategy is a plan for a business to gain a competitive edge over its rivals.
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Scenario: In the United Kingdom it is recommended that adults consume at least 5 portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day. An adult portion of fruit or vegetables is 80 g. "In 2018 , only 28% of adults were eating the recommended five portions of fruit and vegetables per day - and the average (mean) was 3.7 portions per day. Fewer men than women meet the five-a-day guideline, and young people aged 16 to 24 are also less likely than other adults to get their five-a-day. .1 −1
In the United Kingdom, it is recommended that adults should consume at least five portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day. An adult portion of fruit or vegetables is considered 80 g. The significance of a balanced diet with an appropriate intake of nutrients is well-established.
Vegetables and fruits are an important source of minerals and vitamins. However, the consumption of fruits and vegetables is deficient among UK adults, despite numerous campaigns promoting their intake. According to the 2018 report, only 28% of adults were eating the recommended five portions of fruit and vegetables per day. The average (mean) was 3.7 portions per day. This indicates that the majority of the population is not meeting the recommended dietary guidelines. This poor dietary habit poses a risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers.
Further, fewer men than women meet the five-a-day guideline, and young people aged 16 to 24 are also less likely than other adults to get their five-a-day. One possible reason for this could be that people have difficulty incorporating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables into their busy lives or a lack of awareness about the benefits of eating fruits and vegetables. These issues must be addressed with effective initiatives and campaigns aimed at promoting fruit and vegetable consumption. Furthermore, governments and schools should take action to promote healthy eating habits, including the incorporation of fruits and vegetables into meals, to raise awareness about the importance of a balanced diet.
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How will a percentage of sales model treat cost of goods sold if sales revenues are expected to grow by 10% to $2 million next year? Cost of goods sold will? A. Grow at a slower rate than sales B. Remain proportionate to sales C. Be forecast to increase at the rate of inflation D. Remain constant
The percentage of sales model will treat cost of goods sold if sales revenues are expected to grow by 10% to $2 million next year by remaining proportionate to sales.
Percentage of sales model is the method that entails using a percentage of forecasted sales revenue to calculate an expense amount. In a business model using this technique, costs would be represented as a percentage of sales revenue. Sales are the most important variable, with the percentage figure being calculated using actual or predicted sales figures.
The percentage of sales may fluctuate depending on the costs being examined, but it is usually predetermined. Therefore, if sales revenue is expected to rise by 10% to $2 million next year, the percentage of sales model will treat cost of goods sold by remaining proportionate to sales, which means the cost of goods sold will also grow by 10% to a sum of $1.8 million. Option B is the correct answer.
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Swiss Company's budget for the upcoming year projects sales revenues of $900,000, an overall contribution margin ratio of 40%, total fixed costs of $270,000, and operating leverage of 4.0. Average operating assets are budgeted at $562,500. Which of the following changes in business conditions would simultaneously increase Swiss Company's turnover and reduce its margin? Through better inventory management, Swiss reduces its average inventory balance by $48,000. Swiss spends $30,000 on an annual advertising campaign that increases sales by 15%. Operating assets remain unchanged. Swiss reduces its administrative costs by $9,600 per year by streamlining certain processes to make them more efficient. At the beginning of the year, Swiss recognizes a book loss of $12,000 on the disposition of obsolete inventon that had a book value of $12,000. None of the above.
Therefore, the correct option among the following is: Through better inventory management, Swiss reduces its average inventory balance by $48,000.
Operating leverage:Operating leverage indicates the relative proportion of fixed and variable expenses in a company's cost structure. It has an impact on the relationship between revenues and profits. Companies with high operating leverage have a greater percentage of fixed costs than variable costs. When a company has a high degree of operating leverage, a small percentage increase in revenue will result in a large percentage increase in profit.
Inventory management:Inventory management refers to the process of controlling the inventory levels in a company's warehouse or storage facilities. Companies must manage their inventory levels to ensure that they have enough stock to meet customer demand while minimizing the amount of capital tied up in inventory. Excess inventory results in increased storage and handling costs, while a shortage of inventory can result in lost sales.
Management:Management refers to the activities, strategies, and processes used to manage a company's resources and achieve its goals. Management activities include planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the company's operations. The goal of management is to ensure that the company's resources are used effectively and efficiently to achieve its objectives.
The right answer to the question:
Through better inventory management, Swiss reduces its average inventory balance by $48,000. Reducing inventory balances means that Swiss has a lower investment in inventory, which frees up cash that can be used to increase sales.
However, this action will simultaneously decrease the contribution margin ratio, as Swiss will lose the economies of scale associated with holding larger amounts of inventory.
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Suppose that a firm is producing the profit-maximizing output under conditions of diminishing returns. its output price is $25, and its marginal cost of production at its current output level is $25. based on this information, it can be concluded that this firm must
Based on the given information, we can conclude that the firm must be operating at the point of minimum average variable cost (AVC). Here's why:
1. Diminishing returns: Diminishing returns occur when each additional unit of input yields progressively smaller increases in output. In this case, the firm is operating under conditions of diminishing returns, which means that as the firm increases its output level, the marginal cost of production increases.
2. Profit-maximizing output: The firm is producing the profit-maximizing output, which means that it is producing the level of output where marginal cost (MC) equals marginal revenue (MR). However, since the marginal cost at the current output level is equal to the output price ($25), it indicates that the firm has reached the minimum point of its average variable cost (AVC) curve.
3. Minimum AVC: The average variable cost (AVC) represents the variable cost per unit of output. The firm must be producing at the point where AVC is at its minimum because the marginal cost (MC) is equal to the output price ($25). At this point, the firm is minimizing its cost per unit of output.
In conclusion, based on the given information, we can infer that the firm must be operating at the point of minimum average variable cost (AVC).
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1. What is the magnitude of cost of quality problems at the R2 plant? How effective were its past procedures for quality management?
To determine the magnitude of cost of quality problems and assess the effectiveness of past quality management procedures at the R2 plant, a detailed evaluation of financial records and quality-related expenses is necessary.
The financial impact suffered as a result of problems with product quality is referred to as the extent of the cost of quality problems at the R2 facility. Costs for identifying, averting, and resolving quality issues are included, as are those brought on by customer complaints, returns, and missed business opportunities. A thorough examination of the plant's financial records and costs associated with maintaining the plant's quality would be necessary to appropriately estimate the size of these costs.
A thorough evaluation would need to be done to determine the effectiveness of the R2 plant's previous quality management measures. This evaluation ought to look at things like the plant's compliance with quality standards, the frequency and seriousness of quality problems, customer satisfaction levels, and the plant's capacity for quality improvement.
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most manufacturing items and their components are defined by part 2 a. group technology. b. the make-or-buy decision. c. an engineering drawing. d. a bom.
d. a bom (bill of materials).
A bill of materials (BOM) is a comprehensive list of all the raw materials, components, and sub-assemblies required to manufacture a finished product. It provides detailed information about the quantities, descriptions, and relationships between the different parts needed for production.
A BOM serves as a central document that defines the structure and composition of a product. It includes information such as part numbers, descriptions, specifications, quantities, and sometimes even the sources or suppliers of each component. By having a clear and accurate BOM, manufacturers can ensure that they have all the necessary materials to build their products and maintain consistency in their production processes.
The BOM is used in various stages of manufacturing, including procurement, inventory management, production planning, and quality control. It helps manufacturers determine their material requirements, estimate costs, track inventory levels, and facilitate smooth production workflows.
Therefore, a BOM is the most common and appropriate document that defines the components and structure of manufacturing items.
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two external effects characterize entry of firms into a monopolistically competitive industry. list these effects and briefly describe how consumers and incumbent firms are influenced by these externalities
The two external effects that characterize the entry of firms into a monopolistically competitive industry are the business-stealing externality and the product-variety externality.
The business-stealing externality occurs when a new firm enters the industry and begins to take away customers from existing firms. This leads to a reduction in the market share of existing firms and a decline in their profits. This effect is negative for incumbent firms, as they lose customers to the new entrant.
The product-variety externality occurs when a new firm enters the industry and introduces a new product that was not previously available. This leads to an increase in the product variety available in the market, which is a positive externality for consumers as they now have more choices available to them.
This effect is also positive for incumbent firms, as it encourages them to increase their own product variety to remain competitive.
Overall, the entry of firms into a monopolistically competitive industry has both positive and negative externalities for consumers and incumbent firms.
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