Lightning is actually an enormous display of the concept of
Lightning is actually an enormous display of the concept of Electro hydrodynamics.
What is lightning?Lightning is a sudden electrostatic discharge that occurs within a thunderstorm, creating a flash of light and a loud thunderclap. It is caused by the buildup and release of electrical energy in the atmosphere, typically between clouds, or between a cloud and the ground.
It is a natural electrostatic discharge called lightning occurs when two electrically charged regions, one in the atmosphere and one on the ground, momentarily neutralize one another. This results in the instantaneous release or discharge of an energy equivalent to one gigajoule.
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2NOBr(g)> 2NO(g) + Br2(g). if the initial pressure was 400 torrs, calculate the pressure when this reaction is complete
If the initial pressure was 400 torrs, the pressure when this reaction is complete is 1000 torrs.
How to find the pressure when this reaction is complete?The given equation is 2NOBr(g) -> 2NO(g) + Br2(g)
This is a decomposition reaction, which means that the total number of moles of gas will increase.
From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that 2 moles of gas are produced for every 2 moles of NOBr consumed. Therefore, the number of moles of gas will double when the reaction is complete.
Let x be the final pressure of the gas mixture in torrs.
Initially, the pressure of NOBr is 400 torrs, and the initial pressure of NO and Br2 is 0 torrs.
When the reaction is complete, 2 moles of gas will be present for every 1 mole of NOBr initially present. Therefore, the final pressure of the gas mixture is:
x = (2 moles of NO + 1 mole of Br2) / (2 moles of NOBr) x 400 torrs
x = (2 + 1/2) x 400 torrs
x = 1000 torrs
Therefore, the pressure of the gas mixture when the reaction is complete is 1000 torrs.
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Calculate the average atomic mass of funnium. One isotopes of funnium has an atomic mass of 78.92 u and a relative abundance of 50.69%. The other major isotope of funnium has an atomic mass of 80.92u
Answer:
89.17 u.
Explanation:
he average atomic mass of funnium can be calculated as follows:
Atomic mass = (Relative abundance of first isotope * atomic mass of first isotope) + (Relative abundance of second isotope * atomic mass of second isotope)
Atomic mass = (50.69% * 78.92 u) + (100% - 50.69% * 80.92 u)
Atomic mass = 39.86 u + (49.31 u)
Atomic mass = 89.17 u
So, the average atomic mass of funnium is 89.17 u.
The water is colder than the sand because it requires more to change temperature. This is because the water has a higher than the sand.
The water is colder than the sand because it requires more to change temperature. This is because the Specific heat of water is more than sand.
Specific heat capacity is the amount of thermal energy required to raise the temperature of a substance. Water has a very high specific heat capacity. On the other hand, sand and asphalt have a low specific heat capacity. This means the temperature changes faster.
Sand should heat up and cool faster than water.
This is because water has a higher specific heat than sand, so it takes a lot of heat or energy to raise the temperature of water by 1 degree, whereas it takes relatively little energy to raise the temperature of sand by 1 degree.
And also,
When Brad was swimming in the ocean, he noticed that the sand was hotter than the water in the ocean.
Water is colder than sand because it takes more energy to change its temperature than sand.
This is because the specific heat of water is greater than that of sand. Due to this, sand cools and heats up faster than water.
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Please help!! Will give brainly, photo of problem is attached
According to the stoichiometry of the mentioned chemical equation, 17.77 g of nitrogen gas is formed.
What is stoichiometry?It is the determination of proportions of elements or compounds in a chemical reaction. The related relations are based on law of conservation of mass and law of combining weights and volumes.
Stoichiometry is used in quantitative analysis for measuring concentrations of substances present in the sample.
64 g of ammonium nitrite gives 36 g of nitrogen , thus, 32.5 g of ammonium nitrite will give 32.5 ×36/64=17.77 g.
Thus,17.77 g of nitrogen gas is formed.
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An organic chemist measures the temperature T of a solution in a reaction flask. Here is the result.
T= 128. °C
Convert T to SI units. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
The final answer is: T = 401 K
What is celsius temperature?
Celsius temperature scale is a metric temperature scale that is commonly used in most countries around the world. It is based on the Celsius temperature scale, which is defined by the melting and boiling points of water at standard atmospheric pressure.
How to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin (the SI unit of temperature)
First we simply add 273.15 to the Celsius temperature:
T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15
In this case, T = 128. °C. Substituting this into the above equation, we get:
T(K) = 128. °C + 273.15 = 401.15 K
Therefore, the temperature in SI units is 401.15 K.
Since the given temperature has three significant digits, the converted temperature should also have three significant digits.
Therefore, the final answer is: T = 401 K
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A 7. 0 g sample of a hydrocarbon (a molecule that has only hydrogen and carbon) is subject to combustion analysis. The mass of co2 collected is 22. 0 g. What is the empirical formula of the compound? if the mm of the compound is 70 g/mol, what is the molecular formula of the compound?.
The empirical formula of a compound can be determined from the results of a combustion analysis. The empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in the molecule.
Here's how you can determine the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon based on the given information:
Determine the number of moles of CO2 produced:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = [tex]22.0 g / (44.0 g/mol) = 0.5 mol[/tex]
Determine the number of moles of carbon in the sample:
moles of carbon = moles of CO2 produced / ratio of C:CO2
moles of carbon = [tex]0.5 mol / 1 : 1 = 0.5 mol[/tex]
Determine the number of moles of hydrogen in the sample:
moles of hydrogen = moles of CO2 produced / ratio of H:CO2
moles of hydrogen = [tex]0.5 mol / 1 : 2 = 0.25 mol[/tex]
Express the number of moles of each element as a whole number ratio:
moles of carbon / smallest number of moles = [tex]0.5 mol / 0.5 mol = 1[/tex]
moles of hydrogen / smallest number of moles =[tex]0.25 mol / 0.25 mol = 1[/tex]
So, the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is CH, indicating that for every one carbon atom, there is one hydrogen atom in the molecule.
To find the molecular formula, you can use the empirical formula and the molar mass of the compound. The molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical formula and can be determined by dividing the molar mass of the compound by the empirical formula weight:
Empirical formula weight =[tex]12.0 g/mol + 1.0 g/mol = 13.0 g/mol[/tex]
Molecular formula multiple = molar mass / empirical formula weight
Molecular formula multiple = [tex]70 g/mol / 13.0 g/mol = 5.3846[/tex]
The molecular formula multiple is not a whole number, so we round up to the nearest whole number, which is 6. The molecular formula of the hydrocarbon is therefore 6 times the empirical formula, or C6H6.
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Assume that the average turkey egg contains 10% greater mass percent of York .How many grams of yolk are contained in a turkey egg that weighs 84.37g
The average turkey egg contains 10% more yolk than other types of eggs. Therefore, the amount of yolk in a turkey egg that weighs 84.3 grams can be calculated by multiplying the egg weight by 0.1 (10%).
What is the calculated ?Calculations are a process of solving problems by using mathematical or logical operations and formulas. Calculations are used in many areas of life and in many different fields of study. In mathematics, calculations are used to solve equations, find the value of an unknown variable, and to help analyze data. Calculations are also important in science, engineering, economics, business, and other disciplines. By using calculations, we can determine relationships between variables and use those relationships to make predictions and decisions.
The amount of yolk in this egg is 8.43 grams (84.3 x 0.1 = 8.43).
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what happens when nitrobenzene is reduced in acidic nutral and alkaline medium
Answer:
In a weakly acidic medium, nitrobenzene on electrolytic reduction gives aniline but under strongly acidic medium it gives p-aminophenol. In the alkaline medium, various mono and di-nuclear reduction products such as Azoxybenzene, Azobenzene are obtained.
How many moles of Li2SO4 are in 9. 40×1024 formula units?
There are 15.6 moles of Li2SO4 in 9.40 x 10^24 formula units after dividing by Avogadro's number.
The given problem involves converting the number of formula units of Li2SO4 to the corresponding number of moles. This conversion requires the knowledge of Avogadro's number, which is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) in one mole of a substance.
To calculate the number of moles of Li2SO4, we first divide the given number of formula units (9.40 x 10^24) by Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 formula units/mol) to get the number of moles (15.6 mol).
The mole is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to express amounts of a substance. One mole of any substance contains the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12. So, the mass of one mole of a substance is equal to its molecular weight in grams.
In this problem, the mass of Li2SO4 is not given, so we cannot calculate the mass of 15.6 moles of Li2SO4. However, we can say that 15.6 moles of Li2SO4 contain 9.40 x 10^24 formula units.
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AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s)+ NaNO3(sq)
O Decomposition
O Synthesis
O Combustion
O Double Replacement
O Single Replacement
O Acid/Base Neutralization
The reaction of AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) is an example of a double replacement reaction.
What happens in a double replacement reaction?
A double replacement reaction, also known as a double displacement reaction, is a type of chemical reaction in which two compounds react to form two new compounds by exchanging their positive ions. The reactants are typically in aqueous form, meaning they are dissolved in water, and the products can be solid, liquid, or aqueous.
In a double replacement reaction, the positive ions of two different compounds (in this case Ag+ and Na+) are exchanged, resulting in the formation of two new compounds (AgCl and NaNO3). The reactants are typically in aqueous form, meaning they are dissolved in water, and the products can be solid, liquid, or aqueous.
Therefore, The reaction of AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) is an example of a double replacement reaction.
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helpppppppp!!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
no answer
Explanation:
I wish I could help you
Metallic magnesium reacts with steam to produce magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Mg (s) + 2 H2O (g) → Mg(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)
If 16.2 g Mg are heated with 12.0 g H2O, what is the limiting reactant?
How many moles of the excess reactant is left?
How many grams of each product are formed? (you need to give 2 answers)
As determined by the stoichiometry, water is the limiting reactant, and 4.2 moles of the excess reactant are still present after the formation of 39.35 g of magnesium hydroxide and 1.35 g of water.
What does stoichiometry mean?In a chemical process, it is the estimation of the ratios of the constituent elements or molecules. The underlying laws of the associated relationships are the law of conservation of mass and the law of combining weights and volumes.To determine the amounts of different compounds contained in the sample, stoichiometry is employed in quantitative analysis.Water is a limiting reactant since it is present in such small amounts, and according to the chemical equation, there are 16.2 12 = 4.2 moles of excess reactant.16.2 g will result in 16.258.31/24=39.35 g and 24 g of magnesium hydroxide since 24 g of magnesium yields 58.31 g of magnesium hydroxide.Since magnesium yields 2 g of hydrogen, 16.2 g will result in 16.22/24=1.35 g.For more information on limiting agent kindly visit to
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What is the volume, in liters, occupied by a mixture of 15.2g Ne(g) and 34.8g Ar (g) at 7.24 bar pressure and 26.7C
Explanation:
To calculate the volume of a gas mixture, you can use the Ideal Gas Law, which states that PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of Ne and Ar.
n(Ne) = 15.2 g / 20.18 g/mol = 0.755 mol
n(Ar) = 34.8 g / 39.95 g/mol = 0.871 mol
Next, we can use the total number of moles to find the volume of the mixture:
n(total) = n(Ne) + n(Ar) = 0.755 + 0.871 = 1.626 mol
V = nRT / P = (1.626 mol)(8.31 J/mol K)(26.7 + 273.15 K) / (7.24 bar) = 0.0254 m^3, or 25.4 liters.
So the volume occupied by the mixture of 15.2g Ne(g) and 34.8g Ar(g) at 7.24 bar pressure and 26.7°C is approximately 25.4 liters.
Select the correct answer from
each drop-down menu.
What causes O atoms to form covalent bonds?
In a covalent bond, two atoms are held together by the attraction between
bonds that an atom can form depends on the number of
The number of covalent
in the atom.
The oxygen atoms form covalent bonds as they have same value of electronegativity.
What is covalent bond?
Covalent bond is defined as a type of bond which is formed by the mutual sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between the two atoms.These electron pairs are called as bonding pairs or shared pair of electrons.
Due to the sharing of valence electrons , the atoms are able to achieve a stable electronic configuration . Covalent bonding involves many types of interactions like σ bonding,π bonding ,metal-to-metal bonding ,etc.
Sigma bonds are the strongest covalent bonds while the pi bonds are weaker covalent bonds .Covalent bonds are affected by electronegativities of the atoms present in the molecules.
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One atomic mass unit has a mass of 1.6605 × 10−24 g. What is the mass of one atom of sodium?
Answer:
one atom of sodium has a mass of approximately 37.9968 x 10^-24 grams.
Explanation:
The atomic mass of sodium is approximately 22.99 atomic mass units. To convert from atomic mass units to grams, we multiply by the conversion factor of 1.6605 x 10^-24 g/atomic mass unit:
mass (g) = 22.99 atomic mass units * (1.6605 x 10^-24 g/atomic mass unit) = 37.9968 x 10^-24 g
So one atom of sodium has a mass of approximately 37.9968 x 10^-24 grams.
After changing the pressure of a gas sample from 760.0 torr to 0.800 atm, it occupies 4.30 L volume. What was the initial volume of the gas?
Calculate the volume (in mL) of 0.685 M HCl needed to react completely with 7.47 g of CaCO3 in a gas-forming reaction?
?mL
217.8 mL volume of 0.685 M HCl are required to react completely with 7.47 g of CaCO3.
How to calculate the volume of HCl needed?
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between HCl and CaCO3 is:
2HCl + CaCO3 → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of HCl are required to react with 1 mole of CaCO3. We can use this stoichiometric ratio to calculate the amount of HCl required to react with 7.47 g of CaCO3.
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of CaCO3.
molar mass of CaCO3 = 40.08 g/mol (Ca) + 12.01 g/mol (C) + 3(16.00 g/mol) (O) = 100.09 g/mol
moles of CaCO3 = mass / molar mass = 7.47 g / 100.09 g/mol = 0.0746 mol
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of HCl required.
From the balanced equation, we need 2 moles of HCl for every 1 mole of CaCO3.
moles of HCl = 2 x moles of CaCO3 = 2 x 0.0746 mol = 0.1492 mol
Step 3: Calculate the volume of HCl required.
We are given the concentration of HCl as 0.685 M, which means there are 0.685 moles of HCl per liter of solution.
volume of HCl = moles of HCl / concentration of HCl
volume of HCl = 0.1492 mol / 0.685 mol/L = 0.2178 L
To convert the volume to milliliters, we multiply by 1000:
volume of HCl = 0.2178 L x 1000 mL/L = 217.8 mL
Therefore, 217.8 mL volume of 0.685 M HCl are required to react completely with 7.47 g of CaCO3.
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5.
Why do you think hydrogen (element 1) is on both sides of the periodic table? (2 marks)
Name a metal that is in the liquid state at room temperature. (1 mark)
8. Explain the difference between an atom and an ion. (2 marks)
9.
6789
6.
Will astatine (element 85) look more like
marks)
7.
Use your periodic table, pick out which atom with the highest ionization energy in these lists: (1
mark each = 4 marks)
a) Na, Sr, Be, Rb
b) B. Al, C, Si
c)
Fr, Fe, Zn, Cl
d) Cu, Ag, Au, B
10. Why is second ionization energy of atom always larger than its first ionization energy? (1 mark)
11. Which of the atoms in each of the following groups has the largest atomic radius? (1 mark each
= 3 marks)
a) Cl, Si, K
b) Cs, Ca, Be
c) N, Al, Cl
12. Arrange these groups of atoms in order of increasing atomic radius: (1 mark each = 3 marks)
a) Xe, Ar, Kr
b) K, Br, Ca
c) B, C, N
13. Explain two reasons why atomic radii increase from top to the bottom. (2 marks)
14. Explain a reason why atomic radii decrease from the left to right. (1 mark)
15. Which atom in each of the following pairs has the highest electronegativity? (1 mark each
= 3 marks)
a) Zn or Ge
b) O or Te
c) Ba or Hg
16. Which atom in each of the pairs that follow has the higher electron affinity and therefore gives off
the most energy when it forms a negative ion? (1 mark each = 3 marks)
c) Si, Ga
a) Cl, Br
b) Se, Br
Answer:
I'll only answer the first 2 questions because there are too many questions.
1) Hydrogen basically does not really belong to Group 1 or 17 of the periodic table. To be exact, there is to such an extent that some might put it under no groups at all. Hydrogen has 1 electron in its valence shell, similar to elements in group 1. Still, it also has to gain 1 more electron to attain noble gas configuration (2 electrons for 1st shell, 8 electrons for 2nd shell). Hence, no one actually knows what hydrogen should be classified in, hence classifying it into either Group 1, 17 neither or both.
2) Mercury is the only metal that will be in liquid state at room temperature at 1 atm.
Calculate the energy of a photon of wavelength X₂ = 0.152 nm
In the electromagnetic spectrum, the energy of a photon of wavelength X₂ = 0.152 nm is 3.021×10[tex]^-35[/tex] m.
What is electromagnetic spectrum?The electromagnetic radiation are composed of electromagnetic waves which are synchronized oscillations of electric and magnetic fields . They are created due to change which is periodic in electric as well as magnetic fields.
In vacuum ,all electromagnetic waves travel at same speed that is with the speed of air.The position of an electromagnetic wave in an electromagnetic spectrum is characterized by it's frequency or wavelength.These are emitted by electrically charged particles which undergo acceleration and subsequently interact with other charged particles.
Where energy is given by equation as ,E= hc/λ= 6.626×10[tex]^-34[/tex]×3×10⁸/0.152×10[tex]^-9[/tex]=130.77×10[tex]^-17[/tex] J.
Thus, the energy of a photon of wavelength X₂ = 0.152 nm is 3.021×10[tex]^-35[/tex] m.
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Describe the molecular structure around the indicated atom or atoms:
(a) the sulfur atom in sulfuric acid, (b) the chlorine atom in chloric acid, (c) the oxygen atom in hydrogen peroxide, HOOH
(d) the nitrogen atom in nitric acid, (e) the oxygen atom in the OH group in nitric acid, (f) the central oxygen atom in the ozone molecule, (g) each of the carbon atoms in propyne, (h) the carbon atom in Freon, (i) each of the carbon atoms in allene,
(a) tetrahedral (b) tetrahedral (c) bent or V-shaped (d) trigonal planar (e) bent or V-shaped (f) bent or V-shaped (g) linear (h) tetrahedral (i) trigonal planar
(a) The molecular structure is tetrahedral around the sulfur atom, with the four oxygen atoms forming the vertices of the tetrahedron.
(b) The molecular structure is tetrahedral around the chlorine atom, with the three oxygen atoms and hydrogen atom.
(c) The molecular structure is bent or V-shaped around the oxygen atom, with the two hydrogen atoms at the bottom of the V.
(d) The molecular structure is trigonal planar around the nitrogen atom, with the three oxygen atoms and hydrogen atom.
(e) The molecular structure is bent or V-shaped around the oxygen atom, with the hydrogen atom and nitrogen atom.
(f) The molecular structure is bent or V-shaped around the central oxygen atom, with the two other oxygen atoms at the bottom of the V.
(g) The molecular structure around each carbon atom is linear, with the two other carbon atoms forming a straight line with the carbon atom at the center.
(h) The molecular structure around the carbon atom is tetrahedral, with the two other carbon atoms and two fluorine atoms forming the vertices of the tetrahedron.
(i) The molecular structure around each carbon atom is trigonal planar, with the two other carbon atoms forming a straight line.
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--The complete question is, Describe the molecular structure around the indicated atom or atoms:
(a) the sulfur atom in sulfuric acid,
(b) the chlorine atom in chloric acid,
(c) the oxygen atom in hydrogen peroxide, HOOH
(d) the nitrogen atom in nitric acid,
(e) the oxygen atom in the OH group in nitric acid,
(f) the central oxygen atom in the ozone molecule,
(g) each of the carbon atoms in propyne,
(h) the carbon atom in Freon,
(i) each of the carbon atoms in allene--
Consider a gas cylinder containing 0. 250 moles of an ideal gas in a volume of 6. 00 l with a pressure of 1. 00 atm. The cylinder is surrounded by a constant temperature bath at 292. 0 k. With an external pressure of 3. 00 atm, the cylinder is compressed to 2. 00 l. Calculate the w(gas) for this compression process, in j
The work done on the gas during the compression process is 0.0418 kJ/K.
How did we get the value?The work done on the gas during a compression process can be calculated using the equation:
w = -P * (Vf - Vi)
where P is the external pressure, Vf is the final volume, and Vi is the initial volume. The negative sign indicates that work is done on the gas.
Using the given values, we have:
w = -3.00 atm * (2.00 L - 6.00 L)
The volume units need to be converted to liters:
w = -3.00 atm * (2.00 L - 6.00 L) = -3.00 atm * (-4.00 L) = 12.00 L * atm
Next, the pressure unit must be converted to pascals:
w = 12.00 L * atm * (1.00 atm) = 12.00 L * 1.01325 * 10^5 Pa = 12.16 kJ
Finally, the work done must be divided by the temperature to get the work done per kelvin:
w / T = 12.16 kJ / (292.0 K) = 0.0418 kJ/K
So the work done on the gas during the compression process is 0.0418 kJ/K.
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What type of reaction is shown below:
Al₂O3 (s) → Al(s) + +O₂(g)
O Acid/Base Neutralization
O Synthesis
O Double Replacement
O Decomposition
O Single Replacement
O Combustion
Answer: Decomposition
Explanation:
The compound, (Aluminum Oxide), decomposes to form Aluminum and Oxygen.
Cation - Ca^2+
Anion - O^2-
What is the formula of the neutral compound and the name of the compound?
The formula of the neutral compound is CaO and the name of the compound is Calcium Oxide.
What is compound?A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements chemically combine in fixed proportions. Compounds can be either molecules or ionic, and have unique physical and chemical properties. Molecule compounds are composed of atoms covalently bonded, meaning the atoms share electrons. Ionic compounds are composed of ions with a positive or negative charge; these ions are attracted to each other in a crystalline lattice structure. Compounds can be broken down into their separate elements by chemical means, such as electrolysis.
This compound is formed when one Calcium cation (Ca^2+) bonds with one Oxygen anion (O^2-). The two ions have opposite charges, so they attract and form a neutral compound with a charge of 0.
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What is the mass percent of water in IrBr₃･4 H₂O?
The mass percent of water in IrBr₃･4 H₂O is 14.4%.
How to calculate mass percent?To find the mass percent of water in IrBr₃･4 H₂O, first determine the mass of water present in the compound and then divide it by the total mass of the compound and multiply by 100 to express the answer as a percentage.
Let's assume that the molecular weight of IrBr3•4 H2O is 500 g/mol. In that case, the mass of water present in the compound would be 4 x 18 g/mol (the molecular weight of water) = 72 g. The total mass of the compound is 500 g, so the mass percent of water in IrBr₃･4 H₂O can be calculated as follows:
(72 g / 500 g) x 100 = 14.4%
So, the mass percent of water in IrBr₃･4 H₂O is 14.4%.
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Continuing from the last question, what is the new pressure inside the container? hint: did we use up all of the reactants?.
The new pressure inside the container is 0.5 atm.
What is new pressure?New pressure is the term used to describe changes in the environment or circumstances that require a person or organization to adapt. This may include changes in technology, competition, customer preferences, and global markets. New pressure can also refer to the external forces that drive a business to continually innovate and adapt to stay competitive. It can be the result of rapid technological advances, a shifting global economy, or changing customer demands.
The pressure inside the container is equal to the partial pressure of the reactants when all of the reactants have been used up. Since the reaction is at equilibrium, this means that the pressure inside the container is equal to the partial pressure of the products, which is 0.5 atm. Therefore, the new pressure inside the container is 0.5 atm.
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Rank the following aqueous solution by increasing freezing point. (1) 0. 30 m c6h6o2 (2) 0. 15 m mgbr2 (3) 0. 10 m nh4no3.
The rank of the solutions from lowest to highest freezing point is: 0.10 m NH4NO3 < 0.15 m MgBr2 < 0.30 m C6H6O2.
1. 0.30 m C6H6O2: Freezing Point Depression = -iKf m, where i is the van't Hoff factor (2 for a nonelectrolyte) and Kf is the cryoscopic constant. The van't Hoff factor for C6H6O2 is 1, so Freezing Point Depression = -Kf m.
2. 0.15 m MgBr2: Freezing Point Depression = -2Kf m, where 2 is the van't Hoff factor and Kf is the cryoscopic constant.
3. 0.10 m NH4NO3: Freezing Point Depression = -3Kf m, where 3 is the van't Hoff factor and Kf is the cryoscopic constant.
Therefore, the rank of the solutions from lowest to highest freezing point is: 0.10 m NH4NO3 < 0.15 m MgBr2 < 0.30 m C6H6O2
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What NaCl concentration results when 279 mL of a 0.680 M NaCl solution is mixed with 462 mL of a 0.450 M NaCl solution?
Answer:
0.54 M NaCl.
Explanation:
The final concentration of the mixture can be found using the formula for the dilution of a solution:
C1 * V1 + C2 * V2 = C_final * (V1 + V2)
where C1 and C2 are the initial concentrations of the two solutions, V1 and V2 are their volumes, and C_final is the final concentration of the mixture. Plugging in the given values, we get:
0.680 M * 279 mL + 0.450 M * 462 mL = C_final * (279 mL + 462 mL)
0.680 M * 279 mL + 0.450 M * 462 mL = C_final * 741 mL
0.680 M * 279 mL + 0.450 M * 462 mL = C_final * 0.741 L
Converting volumes to liters:
0.680 M * 0.279 L + 0.450 M * 0.462 L = C_final * 0.741 L
0.680 M * 0.279 L + 0.450 M * 0.462 L = C_final * 0.741 L
0.190982 + 0.209719 = C_final * 0.741 L
0.400701 = C_final * 0.741 L
Dividing both sides by 0.741 L:
0.400701 / 0.741 L = C_final
So, the final concentration of the mixture is 0.54 M NaCl.
The minimum amount of ammonium carbonate that reacts to produce 1.0 mole of ammonia is
48 gm is the minimum amount of ammonium carbonate that reacts to produce 1.0 mole of ammonia.
What is ammonium carbonate?The chemical formula for ammonium carbonate is (NH₄)[tex]_2[/tex]CO₃. It is employed as a souring agent as well as smelling salt because it easily degrades to gaseous carbon dioxide and ammonia when heated.
It is also called as cook's ammonia and was the forerunner of the contemporary leavening ingredients baking soda as well as baking powder. It is a constituent of what was previously known called sal volatile as well as salt of hartshorn, and when cooked, it has a strong odor.
(NH₄)[tex]_2[/tex]CO₃ → 2 NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂0
2 moles of ammonia are produced from 1 mole of ammonium carbonate. 0.5 moles of ammonium carbonate will be needed to produce 1 mole of ammonia.
Mass = moles × molar mass
= 0.1 mol × 96.09 g/mol
= 48 gm
Therefore, 48 gm is the minimum amount of ammonium carbonate that reacts to produce 1.0 mole of ammonia.
To know more about ammonium carbonate, here:
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I truck travel down the highway speed of 110 km/hr how long does a trip last the truck cover 2,200 km?
Answer:
20 hours
Explanation:
The time it takes for the truck to travel 2,200 km at a speed of 110 km/hr is calculated by dividing the total distance by the speed:
Time = Distance / Speed
Time = 2,200 km / 110 km/hr
Time = 20 hours
So it takes the truck 20 hours to cover the 2,200 km trip at a speed of 110 km/hr.
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