Answer:
wouldnt we need a picture or a better definition for this?
Answer:
Predicted Fraction:
Black Fur and Black Eyes: 16/16
Black Fur and Red Eyes: 0/16
White Fur Black Eyes: 0/16
White Fur Red Eyes: 0/16
Predicted Percentage:
100%
0%
0%
0%
Explanation:
I just did this exercise
Transcribe to RNA: Imagine you are RNA polymerase (an enzyme that uses a DNA template to make messenger RNA). Use the above strand you just wrote as your
template.
Write the code for the mRNAs:
RNA sequence normal
RNA sequence sickle
Again use the format:
xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
# is either 3 or 5. X is either A, G, C, Tor U
xxxXxxXxXxXxXx #
Through transcription, a new molecule of mRNA is synthetizes using the DNA template strand. Normal mRNA: 5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GAG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'. Sickle-cell mRNA: 5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GUG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
What is transcription?
Transcription is the process through which mRNA is synthesized from a segment of the DNA template strand. This event occurs in the nucleus, and polymerase is in charge of adding the correct nucleotides to complement the bases.
Now, what we need to do is toe write the correct mRNA for each DNA of the strands.
Let us remember that
the original strand is the coding one and grows in 5' to 3' directionthe complementary strand is the template one and grows in 3' to 5' directionTo build mRNA we need to use the template strand (the complementary).
DNA Sequence (normal):
5' ATG GTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT 3'
3' TAC CAC GTG GAC TGA GGA CTC CTC TTC AGA CGG CAA TGA 5'
mRNA sequence (normal)
5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GAG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
DNA Sequence (sickle-cell):
5' ATG GTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GTG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT 3'
3 TAC CAC GTG GAC TGA GGA CAC CTC TTC AGA CGG CAA TGA 5'
mRNA sequence (sickle-cell)
5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GUG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
So, the mRNAs molecules are as follows
normal mRNA5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GAG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
sickle-cell mRNA5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GUG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
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Which of the following is
a situation in which
humans caused
bottlenecking?
A. Humans hunting and killing
buffalo until only a few individuals
are left this is the answer
B. A hurricane that kills most
individuals in a population
C. A volcanic eruption that kills
most of the organisms in the area
Which of the following is not a characteristic of cancer cells?
Answer: They show contact inhibition.
Which statement is the best explanation for how the heart relies on the digestive system?
A intricate system of blood vessels in your body allows your heart to pump blood.
For instance, your blood picks up nutrients your body received from your most recent meal as it travels through your digestive system. Oxygen inhaled by the lungs is also carried by your blood.
The circulatory system then transports those nutrients to their intended locations after the digestive system transfers any beneficial nutrients from meals to the blood.
Since the majority of nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine, it is known as the "workhorse" of digestion. Peristalsis is also active in this organ, pushing food through and combining it with bile and other gastrointestinal secretions from the liver and pancreas.
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Blood is pumped by the heart through an intricate web of blood vessels. For instance, your blood picks up nutrients your body received from your most recent meal as it travels through your digestive system. Oxygen inhaled by the lungs is also carried by your blood.
The heart relies on the digestive system
The digestive system is in charge of the ingestion, breakdown, absorption, and excretion of nutrients and minerals, whereas the circulatory system ensures that blood flows throughout the body and, in doing so, guarantees that each portion of the body receives the essentials for function. Both systems work together to provide nourishment to the many body sections.
When food is consumed, the transaction starts in the digestive system. In order to be absorbed into the bloodstream, this meal travels through the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, and small intestine, undergoing both chemical and physical digestion.
The mouth is where the ingested nutrients undergo chemical and physical digestion. The teeth and saliva break down the meal and produce a bolus, which is subsequently moved through peristalsis down the oesophagus and into the stomach. By churning the food and hydrolyzing components with the aid of stomach acids and enzymes, physical and chemical digestion take place once more in the stomach. Once the gastric juices and partially digested food are created in the pulpy acidic fluid that travels from the stomach to the small intestine, the nutrients move to the organ where the villi that line its inner wall absorb the nutrients and send them into the circulation.
Villi have capillary networks that correspond to the capillaries that surround the digestive organs. These capillaries take nutrients from the blood and transfer them to the liver through the hepatic portal system. The liver then processes the blood that is mineral-rich and releases various nutrients to serve other tissues of the body that require nourishing. This blood is transported by the circulatory system, so it may be transferred to the heart and circulated throughout the body, but it may also be distributed to other tissues and cells prior to the heart.
Specifically designed for carrying nutrients throughout the body, platelets are a type of blood cell that are in charge of carrying nutrients across the bloodstream and delivering them to the appropriate bodily tissues.
The digestive and circulatory systems are essential components of the body's systems and must cooperate to keep the body in a state of homeostasis and enable appropriate operation.
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What is a Pathogen? 4 Types and How They Spread Disease
Pathogen - An organism that causes illness is referred to as a pathogen.
Your body is already teeming with bacteria. However, these organisms only become an issue if your immune system is compromised or if they are able to get into an area of your body that is typically sterile.
Once they enter the body, various pathogens have the power to cause harm.
A host is all that a pathogen requires to live and grow. Once the virus has established a base in the host's body, it avoids the host's immune reactions and makes use of the body's resources to reproduce before leaving and moving on to a new victim.
Depending on the type, there are various ways to transfer pathogens. They can be spread by touching a surface, feces, body fluids, airborne particles, and skin contact.
Pathogen Types -
Pathogens come in a variety of forms, but we'll concentrate on the four most prevalent: viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
viruses - A segment of genetic code, such as DNA or RNA, makes up viruses, which are further protected by a protein covering. Once you are infected, viruses enter your body through host cells. After that, they replicate by using the elements of the host cell to create new viruses.bacteria - Microorganisms made up of just one cell are called bacteria. They are incredibly diverse, come in a wide range of forms and characteristics, and may exist in almost any setting, including inside of and on top of your body. Bacteria do not always lead to illnesses. Pathogenic bacteria are those that can cause disease.fungi - On Earth, there are countless varieties of fungi. There are just about 300Trusted Source that are recognized to be unhealthy. Almost everywhere in the environment, including indoors, outdoors, and on human skin, is home to fungi. When they grow too much, they spread infection.parasites - Animal-like organisms known as parasites live inside or on top of their hosts and take advantage of them by feeding on them or causing harm to them.Learn more about Pathogen is visit here;
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Plants use solar energy to produce __ for their cells.
A. ADP
B. carbon dioxide
C. chemical energy
D. electrical energy
Answer:
C. chemical energy
Explanation:
In photosynthesis, solar energy is harvested and converted to chemical energy in the form of glucose using water and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is released as a byproduct.
in the hershey and chase experiment that helped confirm that dna, not protein, was the hereditary material, what was the key finding? see concept 16.1 (page)
The final experiment, also known as the Waring Blender experiment, in which Hershey and Chase demonstrated that phages only injected their DNA into host bacteria and that the DNA acted as the replicating genetic element of phages, is the Hershey-Chase experiment that is most well-known.
It was demonstrated by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase that a virus may infect a bacterium with just its DNA. Their research offered compelling evidence that genes are composed of DNA. The conclusion that Avery et al. had more tentatively offered in 1944 was strongly repeated by them.
In a series of three experiments, Hershey and Chase tagged the DNA and protein of bacteriophages using radioactive isotopes. The bacteriophage protein stayed linked to the bacterium it was permitted to infect. the cell membrane of the phage, while phage DNA entered the bacteria. This showed that DNA represented the genetic material found in living organisms.
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place the appropriate words and descriptions with the picture with the correct highlighted digestive accessory organ.
The teeth, tongue, and glandular organs such the pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and salivary glands are examples of digestive accessory organs. The digestive system processes food mechanically and aids in digestion.
The processes of ingestion, digestion, and absorption are assisted by the pancreas, liver, and gall bladder. These digestive accessory organs are crucial to the digestion process. Each of these organs secretes or stores chemicals that enter the alimentary canal through ducts. digestive accessory organs or structures provide physical assistance during digestion and secrete substances that help break down food in the GI tract.
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Which of the following statements is true?
The tectorial membrane is a structure in the cochlea that hair cells interact with to produce action potentials.
Sound coming into the ear first encounters the cochlea.
The otolith organ carries signals from the inner ear to the brain.
Sound is mechanical energy that travels in the form of subatomic particles.
The tectorial membrane is a structure in the cochlea that hair cells interact with to produce action potentials.
The correct statement is that tectorial membrane is a structure in the cochlea that hair cells interact with to produce action potentials.
The tectorial membrane is typically thought to play a mechanical role because of its close proximity to the stereocilia of the outer hair cells and its ability to affect the fluid flow around the inner hair cells, which ensures efficient stimulation of the sensory cells.
The basilar membrane and subsequently the organ of Corti are both activated by sound waves that travel to the inner ear. In turn, this displaces the stereocilia and starts the flow of transducer currents by causing a shearing motion between the tectorial membrane and the tips of the hair cells.
Hence, tectorial membrane is a structure in the cochlea.
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what is the charge on dna at ph 8? which functional group is responsible for the charge? 8) what factors affect the rate of migration through an agarose gel? 9) describe the purpose of the two different types of dyes used in agarose gel electrophoresis. 10) explain how different dna fragments are separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. use a sketch to show which fragments will appear closer to the bottom of the gel (farther from the wells), and which will appear closer to the top of the gel (closer to the wells).
DNA's phosphate backbone has a negative charge as a result of links formed between the phosphorus and oxygen atoms. A phosphate group, which is part of the DNA structure, contains one negatively charged oxygen atom, which is what causes the DNA strand as a whole to be negatively charged.
What does a DNA's charge look like?The negatively charged nature of DNA causes it to move toward the positively charged electrode when an electric current is supplied to the gel.
At pH 7, how is DNA charged?DNA is net negatively charged at a pH of 7.0. This occurs as a result of a phosphodiester bond connecting the ribose present in the DNA molecule. The net charge of this phosphate group is negative.
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replication only happens one time in a cell cycle, while transcription may happen hundreds or thousands of time. True/False
True , As a result of the close connection between DNA replication preparation and cell-cycle development, replication only happens once every cycle. The moment is right to examine the transcription between the two processes at the molecular level.
Transcription and DNA replication both take place at the same time on the same DNA template. (B) According to the transcriptional R-loops paradigm, RNA-DNA hybrids that develop during transcription obstruct replication fork progress and cause TAR. Abstract. DNA must be accurately copied once before cell division in eukaryotes in order to maintain genomic integrity. Only one replication of a chromosome occurs throughout each cell cycle thanks to a procedure known as replication licensing.
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Draw a chloroplast and properly label every structure and region of importance to photosynthesis- thylakoid membrane, thylakoid space, stroma, grana. Indicate the location of high and low H+ concentrations, the light reactions, and the Calvin cycle. Show the cycling of energy molecules between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. Briefly explain the events of the light reactions and Calvin cycle. Address or diagram what enters and leaves each step.
Answer:
After the energy from the sun is converted and packaged into ATP and NADPH, the cell has the fuel needed to build food in the form of carbohydrate molecules. The carbohydrate molecules made will have a backbone of carbon atoms. Where does the carbon come from? The carbon atoms used to build carbohydrate molecules comes from carbon dioxide, the gas that animals exhale with each breath. The Calvin cycle is the term used for the reactions of photosynthesis that use the energy stored by the light-dependent reactions to form glucose and other carbohydrate molecules.
The Interworkings of the Calvin Cycle
In plants, carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the chloroplast through the stomata and diffuses into the stroma of the chloroplast—the site of the Calvin cycle reactions where sugar is synthesized. The reactions are named after the scientist who discovered them, and reference the fact that the reactions function as a cycle. Others call it the Calvin-Benson cycle to include the name of another scientist involved in its discovery.
Explanation:
Why is the structure of mitochondria important for cellular respiration?; What is the structure of a mitochondrion?; What is the structure and function of the mitochondrion?; What is the structure of cellular respiration?
The synthesis of ATP by mitochondria, using the chemical energy provided in glucose and other foods, plays a crucial part in cellular respiration.
The mitochondrion's composition and purpose are described?Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that produce the majority of the chemical energy required to fuel the cell's metabolic activities. Adenosine triphosphate is a little molecule that serves as a reservoir for the chemical energy the mitochondria produce (ATP).
The mitochondrion's primary role in cellular respiration is what?The mitochondria, also referred to as the "powerhouses of the cell," generate the energy required for cell survival and activity. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an energy molecule that powers a number of other cellular operations, is created when glucose is broken down by mitochondria through a sequence of chemical events.
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Tetrapods evolved from a finned organism that lived in the water. However, this ancestor was not like most of the fish we are familiar with today. Most animals we call fishes today are ray-finned fishes, the group nearest the root of this evogram.
The chordates include four-limbed vertebrates known as "tetrapods":Frogs, toads, and salamanders are amphibians. These species are both aquatic and land-based.
Although the majority of them have lungs in their adult forms, they can also breathe via their skin.Reptilia includes lizards, turtles, snakes, and crocodiles.The tetrapods (represented by Charles Darwin) and all other extinct creatures in the evogram, in contrast, have what we refer to as "fleshy fins" or "lobe fins." They have skin and muscle covering their limbs, in other words. Lepidotrichia were once present at the tips of these fleshy limbs in some species, such coelacanths, but they are now absent in the majority of fleshy-finned creatures.
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Select the correct answer.
The primary advantage of precision farming is that
O A.
O B.
O C.
O D.
farmers have fewer weeds.
it takes advantage of GMOS
fields require less maintenance with this method.
natural resources are used more efficiently.
Sm
The main benefit of precision agriculture is the more effective utilization of natural resources.
Defining natural resources.
Minerals that can be discovered on Earth and that are used to sustain human life and fulfill human needs are known as natural resources. A renewable environment is something that humans use that originates from the natural world. Stone, sand, minerals, oil, coal, or natural gas are examples of natural resources. Other natural resources include things like air, sun, soil, and drink.
Why are natural resources such a necessity?Environmental resources are crucial for ensuring wellbeing. Even without the plants that eat, the fresh water we drink, or the clean air we breathe, we might survive. We need natural resources in order to construct buildings with heat or roofs over our heads. They are necessary for us to survive and thrive.
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which of the following phenotypic traits represents a neandertal adaptation to cold climates? group of answer choices a narrow torso long limbs a tall, flat forehead a large nasal aperture
The phenotypic trait that represents a Neanderthal adaptation to cold climates is: a large nasal aperture.
Neanderthals are the extinct species that belonged to the category of archaic humans. They existed in Eurasia about 40,000 years ago. Neanderthals are considered to be the closest ancestor of current humans. The difference lies in features like size of brain case, shape of the pelvic region, etc.
Nasal aperture is also called pyriform that is in the shape of a pear. It is the bony inlet of the nose. The nasal aperture of the Neanderthals was large in order to make the cold air warmer and humid.
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Which of the following mollusks has a closed circulatory system?
a. Clams
b. Snails
c. Cuttlefish
d. Scallops
All of the mollusks listed have a closed circulatory system. A closed circulatory system is a type of circulatory system in which the blood is always contained within vessels, such as arteries and veins. This is in contrast to an open circulatory system, in which the blood is not contained within vessels and is instead free-flowing within the body cavity of the organism.
which of the following is not a prezygotic barrier? group of answer choices behavioral isolation habitat isolation temporal isolation reduced hybrid fertility
Hybrid sterility is the right response. A postzygotic isolation mechanism is the hybrid sterility.
Which prezygotic obstacles are there?Prezygotic barriers stop members of many species from mating to produce zygotes, which are single-celled embryos. Below are a few instances of scenarios: It's possible for two species to favor various habitats, making cross-species encounters unusual. Habitat isolation is the term for this.
Is hybrid sterility a barrier to reproduction?Hybrid incompatibility, also known as hybrid inviability and sterility, can limit the interchange of genetic variations across species. As a result, hybrid incompatibility can play a crucial role in the process of speciation by serving as a barrier to reproductive isolation.
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Metastatic cancer cells:
have lost their adhesion to the extracellular matrix, freeing them from the original tumor.only need to cross a single layer of capillary endothelial cells to form tumors at distant sites.become malignant when they grow rapidly.are able to leave the tumor where they originated and travel to distant locations to begin new tumors at distant sites.All of these choices are correct.are able to leave the tumor where they originated and travel to distant locations to begin new tumors at distant sites.
yes, Metastatic cancer cells are able to leave the tumor where they originated and travel to distant locations to begin new tumors at distant sites.
The three basic steps of invasion, intravasation, and extravasation can be used to broadly classify the metastatic cascade. Malignant tumor cells can separate from the primary tumor mass due to a loss of cell-cell adhesion capacity, and this separation opens the door for the cells to invade the stroma around the primary tumor through modifications in cell-matrix interactions. In addition to the expression or suppression of proteins involved in the regulation of motility and migration, this involves the secretion of substances that break down the extracellular matrix and basement membrane.
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What makes up an organ system?
Which is polar molecule formula?
A polar molecule is one that has a slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other, such as water (H2O).
What sort of molecule is a polar one?Due to the disparity in electronegativities between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms, water is considered to be a polar molecule. Polar bonds exist between atoms like oxygen and nitrogen and carbon. The electronegativities of the bonded atoms affect a bond's polarity.
Is water polar?A polar covalent molecule, like hydrogen fluoride (HF), is water (H2O). You can see that the two hydrogen atoms are not evenly spaced out around the oxygen atom in the water structure diagram .
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Do viruses qualify as a living organism?
Answer:
Viruses are a type of infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism. They are classified as non-living because they do not have many of the characteristics that are typically associated with living organisms, such as the ability to independently carry out metabolic processes such as metabolism and respiration. Unlike cells, viruses do not have a cell membrane or any cellular organelles, and they do not have a true nucleus or any genetic material of their own. Instead, they rely on the cellular machinery of their host to replicate and produce new viruses.However, viruses do exhibit some characteristics that are similar to those of living organisms. They can evolve and adapt to their environment through the process of natural selection, and they can reproduce and pass their genetic material on to their offspring. For these reasons, some scientists consider viruses to be a type of quasi-living entity that exists on the border between the living and non-living worlds.
Explanation:
what do you mean by supination and pronation?
Supination and pronation are two common terms used to describe the movement of the foot and ankle.
Supination refers to the inward rotation of the foot and ankle. When the foot is in a supinated position, the weight is primarily borne by the outside edge of the foot and the ankle is bent outward. Supination is often used to describe the action of rolling onto the outside edge of the foot when walking or running.
Pronation, on the other hand, refers to the outward rotation of the foot and ankle. When the foot is in a pronated position, the weight is primarily borne by the inside edge of the foot and the ankle is bent inward. Pronation is often used to describe the action of rolling onto the inside edge of the foot when walking or running.
Both supination and pronation are normal and necessary movements of the foot and ankle that help to absorb shock and maintain balance when walking or running. However, excessive pronation or supination can lead to problems such as foot and ankle pain or injuries.
multiplex affinity characterization of direct protein binding from raw cell lysates by covalent capture on suspension bead arrays, this journal says about ?
Multiplexed and Microparticle-based Analyses: Quantitative Tools for the Large-Scale Analysis of Biological Systems.
Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology
While the term flow cytometry refers to the measurement of cells, the approach of making sensitive multiparameter optical measurements
in a flowing sample stream is a very general analytical approach.
The past few years have seen an explosion in the application of flow cytometry technology for molecular analysis and measurements
using microparticles as solid supports. While microsphere-based molecular analyses using flow cytometry date back three decades,
the need for highly parallel quantitative molecular measurements that has arisen from various genomic and proteomic advances has
driven the development in particle encoding technology to enable highly multiplexed assays.
Multiplexed particle-based immunoassays are now common place, and new assays to study genes, protein function, and molecular assembly.
Numerous efforts are underway to extend the multiplexing capabilities of microparticle-based assays through new approaches to
particle encoding and analyte reporting. The impact of these developments will be seen in the basic research and clinical laboratories, as well as in drug development.
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Elephants are large herbivores that are found primarily in grasslands in East Africa. They pull up small trees, preventing them from growing too large to shade out growing grasses and maintaining the grassland habitat. Millions of other animals from multiple species depend on these grasses as a food source. For the grassland community, elephants can be considered
a keystone species
Elephants are large herbivores that are found primarily in grasslands in East Africa.
Millions of other animals from multiple species depend on these grasses as a food source. For the grassland community, elephants can be considered - a keystone species
Elephants are the most important existing land animals. three residing species are currently identified: the African bush elephant, the African woodland elephant, and the Asian elephant. they're the only surviving contributors of the own family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea.
Elephants are especially clever creatures. they have got the biggest mind of any land animal and 3 times as many neurons as people. while many of these neurons exist to control the elephant's large and dexterous frame, those creatures have verified their superb mental competencies time and time again. elephants represent information, safety, electricity, and (you guessed it) correct good fortune! In Hinduism, the elephant is a symbol of Ganesha, the god of success, fortune, and safety. by way of bringing elephant figures into your own home, you could invite their high-quality energies.
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What do the nucleus and mitochondria have in common?
The DNA, RNA, these are the common components that both nucleus and mitochondrial have in common.
Nucleus, chloroplast, & mitochondria have the nucleic acids(DNAand RNA)Although maximum of a eukaryotic mobileular's DNA is contained withinside the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its very own genome ("mitogenome") this is considerably just like bacterial genomes.
Mitochondria are systems inside cells that convert the strength from meals right into a shape that cells can use. Each mobileular includes masses to hundreds of mitochondria, that are placed withinside the fluid that surrounds the nucleus (the cytoplasm).
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Which term defines the collective interactions of humans with the environment and the short-term and long-term health consequences of those interactions?a. environmentb. environmental healthc. planetary healthd. population health
Environmental heath is the term used to best describe the interactions of humans with the environment and the short-term and long-term health consequences of those interactions.
The area of public health known as "environmental health" is concerned with how people and their environment interact, as well as how to encourage safe and healthy communities. Any complete public health system must include environmental health as a crucial component.
In order to protect people and create healthy communities, the field strives to improve policies and programs that limit chemical and other environmental stressors in air, water, soil, and food. It is divided into three categories: water and sanitation, air quality, and health effects.
The indicator of environmental risk exposure is included in the category of health consequences.
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after reading the paragraph, answer the question(s) that follow. exposure to the hiv virus doesn't necessarily mean that a person will develop aids. some people have genetic resistance to infection by hiv. dr. stephen o'brien from the u.s. national cancer institute has recently identified a mutant form of a gene, called ccr5, that can protect against hiv infection. the mutation probably originated in europe among survivors of the bubonic plague. the mutated gene prevents the plague bacteria from attaching to cell membranes and, therefore, from entering and infecting body cells. although the hiv virus is very different from the bacteria that causes the plague, both diseases affect the exact same cells and use the same method of infection. the presence of the mutated gene in descendants of plague survivors helps prevent them from contracting aids. pharmaceutical companies are using this information as the basis for a new approach to aids prevention. this would be very important in areas of the world where the mutation is scarce or absent, such as africa. which of the following shows the steps of a viral infection in the proper order?
A. virus locates host cell â forms hydrogen bonds â changes DNA to RNAâ host cell produces copies of virus (Answere)
B. virus locates host cell â alters host cell DNA â host cell produces copies of virus â copies enter host cell nucleus â nucleus leaves cell
C. virus locates host cell â penetrates cell membrane â enters nucleus â alters host cell DNA â host cell produces copies of virus
D. virus locates host cell â enters nucleus â alters host cell DNA â destroys cell membrane
Some HIV viruses have genetic variations in RNA genome that provide resistance to the actions of the drug.
What is AIDs?
AIDS is chronic immune system disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
HIV damages immune system and interferes with the body's ability to fight infection and disease.
HIV can be spread through contact with the infected blood, semen, or vaginal fluids.
There's no cure for HIV/AIDS, but medications can control infection and prevent the disease progression.
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The correct order of the infection would be A) virus locates host cell â forms hydrogen bonds â changes DNA to RNAâ host cell produces copies of virus
What is Hiv ?
The HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) affects cells that aid in the body's ability to fight infection, rendering a person more susceptible to contracting other illnesses and infections. Contact with certain bodily fluids of an HIV-positive individual, most typically during unprotected intercourse, spreads the disease.
Since HIV is a retrovirus, instead of the double-stranded DNA that human cells contain, it has a single strand of RNA as its genetic material. Additionally, retroviruses possess the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which enables them to convert RNA into DNA and then use that DNA "copy" to infect human or host cells. Before HIV can infect a cell, the host cell must first connect to and fuse with it. The host cell's machinery is then used by the virus to turn the viral RNA into DNA and begin replicating. The new HIV copies then exit the host cell and spread to infect additional cells.
Hence the order of infection would be virus locates host cell â forms hydrogen bonds â changes DNA to RNAâ host cell produces copies of virus
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In this activity, you will select eukaryotic organisms from a list including both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
Select the eukaryotic organisms that are involved in causing or spreading disease.
The eukaryotic organisms involved in causing or spreading disease are algae, arthropods, fungi, worms, and protozoa.
Eukaryotic organisms are cells that have a cell nucleus covered by a cell membrane. The structure of a eukaryotic cell is composed of a plasma membrane so that the contents of the cell do not leave the cell, the cytoplasm functions as a storage area for chemicals for cell metabolism, the cell wall is composed of cellulose which functions to give shape to the cell. Eukaryotic cells also have organelles such as a nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, Golgi bodies, vacuoles and mitochondria.
Eukaryotic organism include algae, arthropods, fungi, worms, and protozoa. In these eukaryotic organisms there are organisms that can cause diseases such as diseases caused by protozoa, namely malaria, sleeping sickness, and Chagas disease. Examples of diseases caused by fungi such as Candidiasis. Examples of diseases caused by arthropods are fleas, ticks, ticks. An example of a disease caused by worms is helminthiasis. An example of a disease caused by algae is red rust disease.
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a tropical cyclone can fall into which of the following scales of atmospheric circulation? (choose all that apply.)
The macro scale of atmospheric circulation includes mid-latitude cyclones, anticyclones, and tropical cyclones. The intensity of tropical cyclones is measured by meteorologists using the Saffir-Simpson scale.
cyclone is a center of low atmospheric pressure. In a counterclockwise direction air converge on a cyclone in the Northern Hemisphere. In the same direction as air in the upper atmosphere near the top of a cyclone. Air in cyclones undergoes cooling as it rises.
As the climate warms, the conditions governing cyclone formation are altering. For example, increasing sea surface temperatures are giving tropical cyclones more energy, increasing their strength and making them more destructive.
Hence, intensity of tropical cyclones is measured by meteorologists using the Saffir-Simpson scale.
To know more about Northern hemisphere.
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