The pH of a 0.380 M aqueous solution of HF is 1.79
The pH of a 0.040 M aqueous solution of HF is 2.28
What is the pH of a solution?The pH of a solution is the negative logarithm to based 10 of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
The pH of a weak acid solution is related to its Ka by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
The expression for the the Ka of hydrofluoric acid is given below:
Ka = [H⁺] * [F⁻] / [HF]
The Ka of HF = 6.8 x 10⁻⁴
To find the pH of the given solutions of HF; we assume at equilibrium that the change in the concentration is very small.
Let [H⁺] and [F⁻] be x respectively at equilibrium
Therefore, the equation above simplifies to:
Ka = x² / [HF]
x = √Ka * [HF]
(a) The pH of a 0.380 M aqueous solution of HF will be
x = √(6.8 x 10⁻⁴ * 0.38)
x = 0.016
[H⁺] = 0.016
pH = 1.79
(b) The pH of a 0.040 M aqueous solution of HF will be
x = √(6.8 x 10⁻⁴ * 0.040)
x = 0.0052
[H⁺] = 0.0052
pH = 2.28
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Which one of the conversions below could be performed with these two conversion factors
alone?
Density—> molar mass or/formula mass—>
(A) number of atoms in a sample -> moles of molecules in a sample
(B) moles of molecules -> number of molecules
(C) grams -> volume
(D) volume -> moles
(E) grams -> moles
The conversions that could be performed with these two conversion factors alone, Density—> molar mass or/formula mass—> is volume ---> moles; option D
What are conversion factors?Conversion factors are expressions or values which are used to convert from one unit or value to another.
The conversion factor given is:
Density—> molar mass or/formula mass—>
volume = density/mass
moles = mass/molar mass
Volume to moles = density/mass --> mass/ molar mass
Volume to moles = density ---> molar mass or formula mass
The conversion of volume to moles will therefore require density and molar mass or formula.
In conclusion, conversion factors are used to convert from one unit value to another.
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Convert 28.56 meters to feet
Answer:
93.7 feet
Explanation:
To convert meters to feet, all you have to do is multiply by 3.281.
Hope this helped! :)
When aluminum metal reacts with iron(III) oxide to form aluminum oxide and iron metal, 429.6 kJ of heat are given off for each mole of aluminum metal consumed, under constant pressure and standard conditions. What is the correct value for the standard enthalpy of reaction in the thermochemical equation below? 2 Al(s) + Fe2O3(s) → 2 Fe(s) + Al2O3(s)
The standard enthalpy of reaction in the thermochemical equation:
2 Al(s) + Fe₂O₃ (s) → 2 Fe(s) + Al₂O₃ (s) is 859.3 kJ/mol
What is the enthalpy of a reaction?The enthalpy of a given reaction is the amount of heat given off or absorbed when reactants react to form products in that reaction.
A reaction having negative enthalpy change indicates that heat is given off in the reaction and the reaction is said to be exothermic.
A reaction having positive enthalpy change indicates that heat is absorbed in the reaction and the reaction is said to be endothermic.
The amount of heat given off or the enthalpy change when one mole of aluminum metal completely reacts with iron(III) oxide to form aluminum oxide and iron metal is 429.6 kJ of heat.
The correct value for the standard enthalpy of reaction in the thermochemical equation below is determined as follows:
2 Al(s) + Fe₂O₃ (s) → 2 Fe(s) + Al₂O₃ (s)
According to the equation of the reaction, two moles of aluminum reacts completely with iron(III) oxide to form aluminum oxide and iron metal.
The standard enthalpy of reaction = 429.6 kJ/mol * 2
The standard enthalpy of reaction = 859.3 kJ/mol
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A physical change produces a new element, a chemical change results from breaking bonds between atoms. A physical change results in a new compound being formed; a chemical change results in the formation of a new element. A physical change results in a new compound being formed; a chemical change results in the formation of a new element. A physical change results in a new substance being formed, which is different than what results from a chemical change. A physical change results in a new substance being formed, which is different than what results from a chemical change. A physical change is a change from one state of matter to another; a chemical change results in the formation of a new substance.
A physical change is a change from one state of matter to another; a chemical change results in the formation of a new substance.
What is Physical and Chemical change ?Examples of physical changes include changes in the composition or size of materials. Physical changes include changes from one state to another, for as going from a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a gas. Some of the processes that result in physical changes are cutting, bending, dissolving, freezing, boiling, and melting.
Chemical changes are those in which one or more new compounds are created. A chemical reaction is another name for a chemical change. Examples include the burning of any substance and the corrosion of iron.Chemical synthesis, or, alternatively, chemical breakdown into two or more separate molecules, occurs when one material reacts with another to create a new substance. These processes are referred to as chemical reactions, and they are typically irreversible barring additional chemical reactions.Learn more about Physical and Chemical change here:
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How many atoms are there in 4.13 moles of P4O10?
describe how matter behaves when it changes into another kind of matter
16 LETTERS ONLY
Answer:
Matter either loses or absorbs energy when it changes from one state to another. For example, when matter changes from a liquid to a solid, it loses energy
describe how matter behaves when it changes into another kind of matter
Answer:Adding or removing energy from matter causes a physical change as matter moves from one state to another. For example, adding thermal energy (heat) to liquid water causes it to become steam or vapor (a gas). And removing energy from liquid water causes it to become ice (a solid)
Explanation:
20 POINTS!! WIL GIVE BRAINLEST
1 pargarph about scientific experimentation
Scientific experimentation to provide the basis for scientific knowledge
A scientific experiment is any process in which measurements are used and tests are carried out to verify or refute a hypothesis and the hypothesis is a proposition that appears to be true, but has not yet been corroborated, and from which an investigation can be developed and experiment plays many roles in science and one of its important roles is to test theories and to provide the basis for scientific knowledge and it can also call for a new theory, either by showing that an accepted theory is incorrect, or by exhibiting a new phenomenon that is in need
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how many kilograms of gasoline fill a 12.0 gal gas tank?
What’s the balanced equation of sodium bicarbonate reacting with citric acid?
Answer:
The reaction of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate is written as H_3C_6H_5O_7(aq) + 3 NaHCO_3(aq)
Explanation:
Match the Isotopes to their uses. Drag the items on the left to the correct location on the right.
chlorine-36
uranlum-238
carbon-14
cobalt-60
dating bones
dating groundwater
killing cancerous cells
analyzing rocks
Radioisotopes like Chlorine-36 is used for dating groundwater, Uranium-238 is used for analyzing rocks, Carbon-14 is used for dating bones whereas Cobalt-60 is used in killing cancerous cells.
The radionuclides of a heavy element are known as radioisotopes. They are atoms that have an unstable mix of protons and neutrons. In their nucleus, there is excess energy.
Some elements could have one or more unstable isotopes. These unstable isotopes cause gamma rays and the Alpha particles they release to decay.
Radioactive isotopes or radioisotopes are isotopes that are unstable owing to the presence of additional neutrons in their nuclei and produce different forms of radiation.
For instance: Uranium-238, Cobalt-60, Carbon-14, and Chlorine-36
Use of Radioisotopes:
(i) Cancer patients receive therapy using them.
(ii) They are used to evaluate rock formations
(iii) To date groundwater
(iv) To date bones
(v) Medical professionals utilize radioactive isotopes as "tracers" to find malignancies and blood clots in patients.
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A platinum solid weighs 175 g. Look up its density and calculate the volume in dm3 this platinum solid occupies.
The volume of the platinum solid is determined as 8.16 cm³.
Volume of platinum solid
The volume of the platinum solid is calculated from its density and mass as shown below.
V = m/ρ
where;
V is the volume of the platinum solidm is the mass of the platinum solidρ is the density of the platinum solid = 21.45 g/cm³Volume of the platinum solid is calculated as follows;
V = 175 g / 21.45 g/cm³
V = 8.16 cm³
Thus, the volume of the platinum solid is determined as 8.16 cm³.
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Assertion: In electrolysis of water, the volume of hydrogen liberated is twice the volume of oxygen
formed.
Reason: Water has hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio 1:2 by volume.
O
The reason as given that; "water has hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio 1:2 by volume" given is true for the assertion.
What is electrolysis?The term electrolysis has to do with the a process in which there is the decomposition of a substance by the passage of direct current through it. The direct current is often obtained from a battery or any other source that could yield the direct current.
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. There are two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen in water. This is why we say that water has a ratio of 2:1 of hydrogen to oxygen.
Having explained all of these, it is a the reason given is true for the assertion.
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Assertion (A) : When HCl is added to zinc granules, a chemical reaction occurs.
Reason (R) : Evolution of a gas and change in colour indicate that the chemical reaction is taking
place.
The assertion and the reason that is given for HCl and zinc granules are true, but the reason is not correct for the assertion.
What is assertion?The assertion is the statement that is taken on the hypothesis. A chemical reaction takes place when weak hydrochloric acid is applied to a test tube containing zinc granules.
Here, we can observe how bubbles from the test tubes cause a colorless, odorless gas to develop.
As a result, when zinc granules are inserted in a test tube and diluted hydrochloric acid is added, A colorless, odorless gas that is evolving with bubbles was seen.
Thus, for HCl and zinc granules, both the claim and the explanation are accurate, however, the explanation is flawed in support of the claim.
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Need help with this. See image attached
1. Lewis acid- electron pair acceptor.
2. Lewis base- electron-pair donor.
3. Bronsted acid- proton donar
4. Bronsted base- proton acceptor
5. A compound that acts as both a bronsted-lowry acid and base together is called amphoteric.
Machine parts, bodily processes or functions, healing mechanisms. A combination of mental processes, a psychological mechanism by which a result is achieved. A fundamental physical or chemical process involved in or responsible for an action-reaction or another natural phenomenon.
The difference between process and mechanism as nouns is that process is a sequence of events to achieve a result, and mechanism is in a machine or mechanism, especially as opposed to a product. Inside the machine or machine park. A mechanical means of transducing or controlling motion or transmitting or controlling force.
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This is the reaction when the 2-pentanone is converted into pentanol.
The presence of aldehyde converts the ketone to alcohol.
What mechanism is used?
The mechanism used is of aldehyde converting ketones to alcohol. The steps are as:
Conversion of ketone by aldehydemaking of carbonyl ionAdding carbon to the ionAddition of hydride to the carbonyl to the aldehyde.On adding acid, oxygen is protonatedThis gives us neutral primary alcohol.The types of acids and bases are shown as:
Lewis acid- electron pair acceptor.Lewis base- electron-pair donor.Bronsted acid- proton donarBronsted base- proton acceptorWhat are Lewis acids ?
Lewis acids are the compounds or ionic species that can accept an electron pair from any donor compound.
What are Lewis bases ?
Lewis base is the donor compound or ionic species.
What are Bronsted acids or bases?
Bronsted - Lowry acids are substance which donate H+ ions and these later forms a conjugate base while a Bronsted - Lowry bases are those substances which accepts H+ ions and they in return forms a conjugate acid.
A compound that acts as both a Bronsted - Lowry acid and base together is called amphoteric.
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The ammonium ion has one nitrogen atom and four hydrogen atoms.
What is the chemical formula of ammonium?
O NH4
O N4 H4
O N₁ H
O NH
Answer:
1.) NH₄
Explanation:
Atoms are depicted by letters in chemical formulas. Nitrogen atoms are represented by the letter "N" and hydrogen atoms are represented by the letter "H". One letter indicates one atom.
As such, if there is 1 nitrogen atom and 4 hydrogen atoms in ammonium, the chemical formula is NH₄.
A change in the thermal energy of a substance can lead to a change of state. For example, when heat is added to a solid, its particles move ____________. Once the solid gains enough thermal energy, it can change to a liquid state.
Question 1 options:
A. faster
B. closer together
C. the same speed
D. slower
What is the molar mass of Co(NO3)2?
The molar mass of Co(NO₃)₂ is 182.9 g/mol.
What is the molar mass of a compound?The molar mass of a compound is the mass of one mole of that compound.
The molar mass of a compound is determined from the sum of the atomic masses of the elements in the compound.
The molar of Co(NO₃)₂ is determined as follows:
atomic mass of Co = 58.9 g/mol
atomic mass of N = 14 g/mol
atomic mass of O = 32 g/mol
Molar mass of Co(NO₃)₂ = 58.9 + 2 * (14 + 16 * 3)
Molar mass of Co(NO₃)₂ = 182.9 g/mol
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Genetic diversity is the variation in the genes of an entire species. Each circle represents a population of a particular species in different habitats. Select the population with maximum genetic diversity.
The second circle has the greatest number of species diversity .
What is genetic diversity?The term genetic diversity has to do with the existence of different species in a habitat. We know that due to natural selection, only the organisms that have traits that enable them to survive longer and reproduce are better adapted in the ecosystem. Thus, other species may begin to dwindle and even disappear in the ecosystem.
Genetic diversity ensures that there are different species in the habitat. In each circle, we see that the colors represent the different species of the organisms in the habitat. The habitat with the most number of different colors is the habitat that has the greatest magnitude of species diversity.
Hence, the second circle has the greatest number of species diversity as indicated in the image attached to this answer.
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Using dimensional analysis, convert 500.0 calories into joules.
Using the dimensional analysis, The conversion of 500.0 calories is 2.092 x 10⁶ joules.
What are joules?The Joule is the unit of work or energy in the SI system (J). A force of one Newton traveling one meter in its own direction produces the work equivalent to one joule.
Our bodies store extra calories as body fat when we consume more calories through food and drink than we burn off. If this keeps happening, we might eventually gain weight.
There are different units, which is why there is a conversion of these units.
1 kilocalorie = 4184 joule
500 x 4184 = 2.092 x 10⁶
500.0 = 2.092 x 10⁶
Thus, the conversion is 500.0 calories is 2.092 x 10⁶ joules.
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(22 POINTS) WILL GIVE BRAINLEST, HELPPP!!!
write 2 pargarphs about matter
Answer:
What is matter? Matter is everything around you. Atoms and compounds are all made of very small parts of matter. Those atoms go on to build the things you see and touch every day. Matter is defined as anything that has mass and takes up space (it has volume).
What is mass? Mass is the amount of matter in an object. You might have a small object with a lot of mass such as a statue made of lead (Pb). You might have a large object with very little mass such as a balloon filled with helium (He). You should also know there is a difference between mass and weight. Mass is a measure of the matter in an object while weight is a measure of gravity’s pull on an object.
In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many intermediate states are known to exist, such as liquid crystal, and some states only exist under extreme conditions, such as Bose–Einstein condensates (in extreme cold), neutron-degenerate matter (in extreme density), and quark–gluon plasma (at extremely high energy). For a complete list of all exotic states of matter, see the list of states of matter.
Historically, the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in properties. Matter in the solid state maintains a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state maintains a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are still close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape, and contains neutral atoms as well as a significant number of ions and electrons, both of which can move around freely.
Explanation:
13a. [3 marks]
A 4.406 g sample of a compound containing only C, H and O was burnt in excess oxygen. 8.802 g of CO2 and 3.604 g of H20 were produced.
Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
The empirical formula of the original compound given the combustion analysis data is C₂H₄O
How to determine the mass of Carbon Mass of CO₂ = 8.802 gMolar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol Molar of C = 12 g/mol Mass of C =?Mass of C = (12 / 44) × 8.802
Mass of C = 2.4 g
How to determine the mass of HMass of H₂O = 3.604 gMolar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol Molar of H = 2 × 1 = 2 g/mol Mass of H =?Mass of H = (2 / 18) × 3.604
Mass of H = 0.4 g
How to determine the mass of O
Mass of compound = 4.406 gMass of C = 2.4 gMass of H = 0.4 gMass of O =?Mass of O = (mass of compound) – (mass of C + mass of H)
Mass of O = 4.406 – (2.4 + 0.4)
Mass of O = 1.606 g
How to determine the empirical formula C = 2.4 gH = 0.4 gO = 1.606 gEmpirical formula =?Divide by their molar mass
C = 2.4 / 12 = 0.2
H = 0.4 / 1 = 0.4
O = 1.606 / 16 = 0.1
Divide by the smallest
C = 0.2 / 0.1 = 2
H = 0.4 / 0.1 = 4
O = 0.1 / 0.1 = 1
Thus, the empirical formula of the compound is C₂H₄O
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A carbon dioxide laser produces radiation of wavelength 10.6 mm. Calculate the energy of one photon produced by this laser. If the laser produces about one joule of energy per pulse, how many photons are produced per pulse?
5.65⋅10∧17 photons is the energy of one photon produced by this laser
E=3.716⋅10−19J
How do you determine a photon's energy?There are two methods for calculating a photon's energy: The equation E = h f can be used if we are aware of the photon's frequency. This equation, which is often referred to as Planck's equation, was created by Max Planck. The equation E = h c may be used to determine a photon's energy if its wavelength is known.
In the standard model of particle physics, the photon is a fundamental particle. It has no discernible wavelength. The table describes it as a point particle with mass 0 and spin 1.
Laser light is monochromatic, which is a key distinction between it and light produced by white light sources (like a lightbulb).
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Choose the statements that are true. Check all that apply. Choose the statements that are true.Check all that apply.
a. The chemical formula gives the conversion factor between the kind of element and the formula.
b. The chemical formula indicates the elements present in the compound and the relative number of atoms of each type.
c. The chemical formula allows the determination of mass percent composition.
d. The formula mass allows the conversion between the mass of molecules and the kinetic energy of the molecules.
The following are true about the chemical formula;
The chemical formula indicates the elements present in the compound and the relative number of atoms of each type.The chemical formula allows the determination of mass percent composition.What is the chemical formula?The chemical formula of a compound is the representation of the substance of paper. We can use the chemical formula of a compound to show the way that the compounds are or the atoms that compose them.
The following are true about the chemical formula;
The chemical formula indicates the elements present in the compound and the relative number of atoms of each type.The chemical formula allows the determination of mass percent composition.Learn more about chemical formula:https://brainly.com/question/11995171
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SEP Hypothesize Wildfires are natural events. Discuss the role within the
ecosystems where they occur. Suggest how the organisms in these habitats
might suffer if wildfires are prevented.
A wild fire could enable more nutrients to renter the soil.
What is a wildfire?A wild fire is a situation in which fire consumes a large portion of the ecosystem. This is common in summer when the temperatures are very high and the sun is blazing. The outrageous heat could lead to fires that begin to blaze and destroy the vegetations and the entire ecosystem.
Traditionally, we have been told that this could be a very destructive occurrence and that it could lead to the destruction of the ecosystem and death of trees.
However, recent evidence suggests that there could be some benefits to wild fires in the sense that it clears the forest floors and enables nutrients to reenter the soil. As such, as the forest recovers, the plant and the animal species continue to experience a boom.
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Vitterbium has a mass number of 173 and an atomic number of 70... How many neutrons are in
Vitterbium?
103 Neutrons. You take the Mass rounded and subtract it with the atomic #
In a quantitative analysis study, 4.624 grams of a compound containing carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen yielded 6.557 g of CO2 and 5.00 L of H2O vapor (at STP) in a
combustion analysis apparatus. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
The compound's empirical formula is CH3O.
Empirical formula is the chemical formula for compounds which do not define the precise number or arrangement of atoms but just the quantities of the components they contain. This would be the component of the compound with the smallest whole number ratio.
Empirical formula is beneficial since figuring out the molecular formula may be immensely aided by knowing the relative amounts of each constituent in a molecule. It's crucial to have an n-value in order to figure out the real number of each atom in a molecule.
n(CO2) = n(C) = m/M = 6.557/44 = 0.148 mol
m(C) = 0.148 x 12 = 1.788g
n(H2O) = 0.5n(H) = 5/22.4 = 0.223g/18 = 0.024 mol
m(H) = 2 x 0.024 = 0.048g
m(O) = 4.624 - 1.788 - 0.048 = 2.788g
n(H) = 2 x 0.174 = 0.348 mol
n(O) = 2.788/16 = 0.174 mol
n(C):n(H):n(O) = 0.148:0.348:0.174 = 1:3:1
Empirical formula is CH3O
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State the guideline you can use to predict the formula of:
A cation formed when a metal reacts to form an ionic compound.
An anion formed when a non-metal reacts to form an ionic compound.
We can predict formula of ionic compounds by:
Take a look at where the elements are listed on the periodic table. The amount of electrons that an element would need to gain or lose in order to resemble an atom of a nearby noble gas is one of the similarities that atoms in the same column as one another (group) tend to display.Alkali metal group I ions have +1 charges.Alkaline earth metals (group 2 ions) have a +2 charge.Nonmetal group 6 ions have a charge of -2.Halides in group 7 have a -1 charge.The charges of the transition metals cannot be predicted in a straightforward manner. Check out a table of charges (valences) to see potential values. The +1, +2, and +3 charges are most frequently employed in beginning and general chemistry courses.Keep in mind that the positive ion is always stated first when writing an ionic compound's formula.These are the few guidelines we can use to product formula.
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Zinc has a work function (Φ) of 4.30 eV. What is the longest wavelength of light, in nm, that will cause the ejection of electrons? (1 eV=1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ J)
Zinc has work function (Φ) of 4.3 eV. The longest wavelength of the light is 2.885nm.
What is work function?In solid-state physics, work function (sometimes spelled work function) is the minimum thermodynamic work (i.e., energy) needed to remove an electron from a solid to a point in the vacuum immediately outside the solid surface. Here "immediately" means that the final electron position is far from the surface on atomic scale, but still too close to the solid to be influenced by ambient electric fields in the vacuum.
The work function is not a characteristic of a bulk material, but rather a property of the surface of material (depending on crystal face and contamination).
The work function refers to removal of an electron to a position that is far enough from the surface (many nm) that the force between electron and its image charge in the surface can be neglected. The electron must also be close to the surface compared to the nearest edge of a crystal facet, or to any other change in surface structure, such as a change in material composition, surface coating or reconstruction. The built-in electric field that results from these structures, and any other ambient electric field present in vacuum, are excluded in defining the work function.
From the question we are told that,
The work function of Zinc is [tex]W=4.3eV[/tex]
Generally, work function can be mathematically represented as
[tex]E_{o} = \frac{hc}{ λ long}[/tex]
⇒[tex]λ long=\frac{hc}{E_{o} }[/tex]
Here h is Planck constant with the value h= [tex]4.1357*10^{-15} eV[/tex]*
and c is the speed of the light with value c= [tex]3.0*10^{8}m/s[/tex]
So,
⇒λ[tex]_{long}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{4.1357*10^{-15}*3*10^{8} }{4.3}[/tex]
= [tex]2.885*10^{-7}[/tex]m
= 2.885nm
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Four tenets of the kmt
The kinetic theory of matter states that all matter is made up of minute particles with space in between them that move randomly. The theory is based on the fact that matter is composed of small particles.
What are the hypothesis on which KMT is based on?Based on the atoms of an ideal gas, KMT has five hypotheses:
1. Gases are made up of several molecules moving randomly and constantly in linear motion.
2. The volume of all the molecules is dwarfed by the volume of the gas as a whole.
3. Intermolecular forces are negligible.
4. The average kinetic energy of every molecule in the gas stays constant as long as the temperature stays constant. Molecular collisions are therefore entirely elastic.
5. The average kinetic energy of all molecules in a gas depends on its absolute temperature. This shows that at any temperature, gas molecules in equilibrium have the same average kinetic energy (but NOT the same velocity and mass).
What components make up the kinetic-molecular theory?The kinetic-molecular theory, a theory that characterizes the states of matter, is based on the presumption that matter is composed of small particles that are constantly in motion. The theory clarifies observed properties and behaviors of gases, liquids, and solids.
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