if individuals tend to reproduce with only a subset of the population, which assumption of the hardy-weinberg principle is being violated?

The chemical properties of elements are due to the distribution of electrons around the nucleus, especially the outer or valence electrons. It is these electrons that are involved in chemical reactions.

With different amounts of protons, neutrons, and electrons, an atom has different chemical properties, which determines which element it is. The physical properties are interrelated and dependent on the number of electrons in the outermost shell (valence electrons) and are therefore found to vary with time and with changes in atomic number within the group. These properties change regularly as the electronic structure of the element changes.

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are one of the major drivers of climate change, and they are also having a significant impact on coral reefs around the world.

Coral reefs are incredibly diverse and important ecosystems, providing habitat for a wide range of species and serving as important sources of food and income for millions of people. However, these ecosystems are under threat from a number of different factors, one of which is the increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.

One of the main ways in which CO2 emissions affect coral reefs is through ocean acidification. When CO2 dissolves in seawater, it forms carbonic acid, which makes the water more acidic. As the ocean becomes more acidic, it becomes more difficult for coral reefs to form and grows.

Coral reefs are made up of tiny animals called coral polyps that extract calcium carbonate from the seawater to build their skeletons. When the water is more acidic, it becomes harder for the coral polyps to extract the calcium carbonate they need, which can slow or stop the growth of coral reefs.

Another problem associated with CO2 emissions is the rise in ocean temperatures. Coral reefs thrive in specific temperature ranges, and when the ocean becomes too warm, it can cause coral reefs to experience mass bleaching events.

Bleaching occurs when the coral polyps expel the symbiotic algae that live in their tissues, which provide coral reefs with their vibrant colors. Without these algae, the coral reefs turn white and are unable to photosynthesize and produce food. The warmer the water, the more likely it is for coral reefs to bleach, and if the bleaching is severe enough, the coral reefs can die.

Finally, CO2 emissions also contribute to rising sea levels, which can have a severe impact on coral reefs. As the ocean water gets higher, it can flood low-lying coral reefs, making it difficult for them to survive. In addition, the increased water flow caused by rising sea levels can also erode coral reefs, making them more susceptible to damage.

In conclusion, CO2 emissions are a major contributor to the problems faced by coral reefs around the world. The acidification of the oceans caused by CO2 emissions is making it harder for coral reefs to form and grow.

Rising ocean temperatures are causing mass bleaching events and increased sea levels are flooding and eroding the coral reefs. It's important to take action to limit carbon dioxide emissions to preserve coral reefs and other marine ecosystems.

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Answer:

Solar energy is harvested and converted to chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Micro-scale changes refer to morphological or physycal changes in individuals or objects, and are ussually related to micro-scale changes, sucha as mutations that are molecular changes. I agree with the statement. Example: mutations.

Changes at the macro-scale refer to morphological traits or physical characteristics that can be seen and recognized in individuals or objects by looking directly at them.

These changes are related to other changes or random events that occurred at a micro-scale level (molecular level) that might produce or cause a cascade effect leading to the expression of a different trait.

These are for instance mutations.

Mutations are alterations in the original nucleotidic sequences of the DNA molecule. These changes code for different amino acids. They might cause a change in the protein synthesized and hence a change in the phenotype.

The answer to the question is Yes. I agree with the statement “A change that can be observed at the macro-scale can be explained by a change at the molecular scale.”

An example of a change at the molecular level is a mutation that causes a change at a macro scale.

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To produce one G3P molecule that can depart the Calvin cycle and move toward producing glucose, the Calvin cycle must complete three turns.

The Calvin cycle, also referred to as the photosynthesis's light-independent reactions, is a set of metabolic processes that turns carbon dioxide into glucose and other sugars.

The organism and the particular metabolic route being used determine how many spins of the Calvin cycle are required to create glucose.

For one molecule of glucose, a six-carbon sugar, the Calvin cycle needs to run three times in the majority of plants. Each time the cycle turns, one molecule of CO2 is exhaled and one molecule of the 3-carbon sugar 3-phosphoglycerate is created (3-PGA). After that, one molecule of glucose is created by combining three molecules of 3-PGA.

Carbon fixation is the process involved. The plant uses the glucose created by the Calvin cycle to construct compounds like starches and cellulose as well as to provide it with energy.

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Genes that are located close to each other on the same chromosome are referred to as linked genes.

Linked genes are two or more genes that are located near each other on the same chromosome and that tend to be inherited together. Linked genes are a result of the physical linkage between them on the same chromosome.

Linkage occurs when a pair of genes is passed on from parent to offspring in a single unit. Linkage is a form of genetic association in which the genes are physically close to each other on a chromosome and are usually inherited together. Linkage can result in the appearance of non-random patterns of inheritance that deviate from Mendelian genetics. Linkage between genes can also lead to the phenomenon of pleiotropy, in which a single gene affects multiple phenotypic traits.

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The correct answer is survive.

Different traits can be introduced into an organism by genetic variations that alter gene activity or protein function. If a trait is beneficial and aids an individual's survival and reproduction, the genetic variation is more likely to be passed down to the next generation (a process known as natural selection).

The difference in DNA between individuals or between populations is referred to as genetic variation. Mutation and genetic recombination are two of the many sources of genetic variation. Although mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation, other mechanisms such as genetic drift also contribute to it.

Environmental variation, which includes scars and tattoos, refers to differences between individuals that are not inherited but are caused by the environment in which the organism lives.

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The integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, and reproductive systems, as well as their interrelationships at the molecular and organ levels.

which are crucial to the dynamic human body's proper function, will be covered in this course.

The Anatomy with Lab course will introduce the gross and microscopic anatomy of the human body's components and structures. The various body systems' structural features and organ localization will be taught to students.

Physiology is the study of how those structures work, while anatomy is about the body's internal and external structures and their physical relationships. The significance of anatomy and physiology to biomedical engineering is discussed in this chapter.

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Answer:

Boiled fish is a source of protein; chewed/masticated; and swallowed into the stomach; digestion of protein starts from the stomach, stomach secrets gastric juice/pepsin, tenning and hydrochloric acid; pepsin in acidic medium acts on the boiled fish and convert it to peptides; peptides move into the duodenum/small.

Explanation:

In order for this transcript to mature into a mature mRNA, it must undergo processing while still in the nucleus, including splicing and the addition of a poly-A tail and 5' cap.

A ribosome is responsible for translating mature mRNA into a polypeptide in the cytosol, where it is exported from the nucleus.

Processing mRNA This stage, known as pre-mRNA, requires additional processing before it can be released from the nucleus as mature mRNA. Splicing, editing, adding a 5' cap, and adding a 3' polyadenylation (poly-A) tail are all possible parts of the processing. The mRNA is altered in various ways by these processes.

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The 'Monkeydactyl' which existed 160 million years ago, was the first animal to acquire opposable thumbs.

Evolved Brain is the new trait in gorilla.

The most comparable DNA between any two species is found in humans and chimpanzees.

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Since the embryo must be destroyed in order to retrieve the cells, many people oppose using human embryonic stem cells for medical research.

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Answer:

transfer of electrical signals occurs at the synapses of two nurons

Answer: an action potential that makes neuron A release a chemical neurotransmitter. The neurotransmitter can help (excite) or hinder (inhibit) neuron B from firing its own action potential

Explanation:

FeCrO4 is the chemical formula for the mixture of iron ii ions and chromate ions. The positive charge of iron (ii) ions is +2. On the other hand, chromate ions have a positive charge of -2.

Each ion will contribute one mole of ions to the creation of the chemical when iron (ii) and chromate ions combine to produce it. This supports the notion that a compound has no charge. Mathematically, the negative charge of the chromate ions -2 balances the positive charge of the iron (ii) ions (2+), as demonstrated by the equation

Fe2+ + (CrO4)2- -> FeCrO4.

FeCrO4 is the result of the combination of iron(ii) ions and chromate ions.

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The appendix in humans is a prime example of a vestigial organ. This non-working organ eventually degenerates, getting smaller until it finally vanishes.

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The best description of the significance of the meristems of plants is: (c) Plant meristems are permanently embryonic regions within the plant body.

Meristems are the tissues present in plants. Meristematic tissues are comprised of undifferentiated cells that retain the potential of dividing throughout their life. In a plant body, there are three types of meristems: protoderm, ground meristem and procambium.

Embryonic regions are the parts that retain their property of growing up again similar to an embryo. Embryo is the initial phase of development of a plant body. It is a multi-cellular structure that has the potential to form a complete adult body.

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It is not scientifically possible for a human to be born with both the sexes, but one may possess characteristics of the two.

There are only two sexes based on the ability to make reproductive cells: the female sex, which can produce ovules, and the male sex, which can produce spermatozoa. Infants with ambiguous genitalia have external genitalia that don't appear to be obviously masculine or female. A newborn with ambiguous genitalia may have underdeveloped genitalia or exhibit traits common to both sexes.

The X and Y chromosomes are referred to as "sex chromosomes" because they influence how sex functions in an individual. Males typically have XY chromosomes, while females often have XX chromosomes. However, some women and girls have XY chromosomes. For instance, a girl who has androgen insensitivity syndrome may experience this.

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A group of cells that perform a common function is called Tissue

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Due to the fact that carbon is expelled as soon as it is absorbed, the resident time would be zero.

For life to exist on Earth, the carbon cycle is crucial. The amount of carbon that is naturally absorbed by reservoirs equals the amount that is naturally released from reservoirs because nature tends to keep carbon levels in balance. By maintaining this carbon balance, the planet can support life indefinitely. The two main forces behind the cycle between the land and the atmosphere are photosynthesis and respiration. While respiration consumes oxygen and emits carbon dioxide, photosynthesis uses ambient carbon dioxide as fuel for the plant. Human activity has upset the balance of the carbon cycle, causing more carbon dioxide to be released, particularly through traditional farming practices and the combustion of fossil fuels as fuel.

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complete question: If the input and output of carbon is balanced in the carbon cycle, what can be generalized about the resident times of carbon in organisms?(1 point)

(A) The resident time will decrease because plants will be taking in carbon dioxide to use for photosynthesis.

(B) The resident time will increase because there will be a buildup of carbon in the atmosphere

(C) The resident time would be zero because carbon is released as soon as it is absorbed

(D) The resident time will depend on where the organism lives because it might be influenced by cellular respiration

Answer:

C. 1 and 2 only

Explanation:

Volcano and geyser is not a geologic indicator of building geothermal power plant, hence option C. I and II only is correct.

Geothermal power plants rely on heat that resides a few kilometers beneath the surface of the Earth to collect enough energy to generate electricity.

The heat may naturally exist underground in some places as pockets of steam or hot water. But in order to generate steam, the majority of places need to be "enriched" with water injection.

By boring deep wells into the earth and bringing hot water or steam to the surface, people can make use of these resources. An electric turbine is propelled by hot water or steam.

Therefore, some geothermal wells reach a depth of up to two miles. To turn generator turbines, dry steam plants employ steam that is extracted directly from geothermal reservoirs.

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Cell mobility is supported by cytoskeletal filaments. For instance, microtubules sliding against one another causes cilia and (eukaryotic) flagella to move. In reality, structured arrays of microtubules can be seen in cross sections of these tail-like cellular extensions.

Eukaryotic cells' cytoskeleton is made up of tubulin polymers called microtubules, which give eukaryotic cells their shape and structure. Microtubules can measure up to 50 micrometres in length, 23 to 27 nm in width, and 11 to 15 nm in inner diameter. They are created when the two globular proteins alpha and beta tubulin polymerize into protofilaments, which can later interact to form a hollow tube called a microtubule. 13 protofilaments are arranged in a tubular configuration to make up the most prevalent type of microtubule. Microtubules are one of the cytoskeletal filament systems in eukaryotic cells.

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For better results and to use probability principles it is important to have a large sample size.

Working with large sample sizes is important to use probability principles in practise since small sample sizes are more susceptible to errors brought on by chance. Mendel was able to estimate the likelihood that the features would occur in his F2 generation thanks to the vast number of pea plants he analysed. This resulted in the ability to reliably anticipate offspring qualities even before fertilisation when the traits of the parents were known.

A successful experiment requires a sizable sample size. A tiny sample size makes it impossible to detect significant changes in attributes. Furthermore, the sample size needs to be sufficient to take into account any potential data anomalies.

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A heterozygous factory mongrel with yellow and green seeds will produce half yellow and partial green seed. rate will be 50:50

Because yellow seeds are dominant to green, the allele for yellow seeds should be written in upper case, while the allele for green seeds should be written in lower case. Assume that Y is the yellow seed allele and y is the green seed allele.

The genotype of the heterozygous yellow- seeded factory will thus be" Yy" whereas the genotype of the green- seeded factory will be" yy"( as the sheepish allele is expressed only in homozygous conditions).

A heterozygous factory mongrel with yellow and green seeds will produce half unheroic and partial green seed.

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The ability to taste PTC is due to a single dominant allele "T". You sampled 215 individuals in a biology class, and determined that 150 could detect the bitter taste of PTC and 65 could not.

Generally,  To calculate the predicted frequency of the recessive allele (t), we use the equation:

f(t) = 1 - f(T)

where f(T) is the frequency of the dominant allele (T).

To find f(T), we use the equation:

f(T) = (number of individuals who can taste PTC / total number of individuals sampled)

f(T) = 150/215

= 0.7

f(t) = 1 - 0.7

= 0.3

The predicted frequency of the dominant allele (T) is 0.7

In a population of 10,000 people, assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can use the following equations to find the number of individuals who are heterozygous, homozygous dominant, and homozygous recessive:

f(TT) = (f(T))^2 f(TT) = (0.7)^2 = 0.49

f(tt) = (f(t))^2 f(tt) = (0.3)^2 = 0.09

f(Tt) = 2 * f(T) * f(t) f(Tt) = 2 * 0.7 * 0.3 = 0.42

Homozygous dominant = 4900 people Homozygous recessive = 900 people Heterozygous = 4200 people

Please note that these predictions are based on the assumption that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and not influenced by any external factors such as mutation or natural selection.

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Answer:

Low Power Objective (10x)

The total magnification of a low power objective lens combined with a 10x eyepiece lens is 100x magnification, giving you a closer view of the slide than a scanning objective lens without getting too close for general viewing purposes

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains.

Answer:

B. DNA Replication

Explanation:

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Plants cannot absorb green light because the molecule they use to аbsorb EM rаdiаtion is chlorophyll, which is itself green.

Plаnts аbsorb аlmost аll the photons in the red аnd blue regions of the light spectrum, they аbsorb only аbout 90% of the green photons. If they аbsorbed more, they would look blаck to our eyes. Plаnts аre green becаuse the smаll аmount of light they reflect is thаt color.

Red аnd blue light is believed to hаve а higher quаntum yield of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]аssimilаtion. The blue аnd red pаrts of the spectrum аre effective to sаtisfy the energy requirement of plаnts. Hence plаnts аbsorb these two colors more thаn аny other colors.

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