When an x-ray photon interacts with an atom, it can transfer a quantity of energy to an inner-shell electron, thereby dislodging it from its atomic orbit.
This energy transfer is known as the photoelectric effect, or photoelectric absorption. In order for this energy transfer to occur, the energy of the incoming x-ray photon must be equal to or greater than the binding energy of the electron to its orbit. The binding energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from its orbital. When the energy of the incoming x-ray photon is greater than the binding energy, the extra energy is released in the form of kinetic energy, which can be used to eject the electron from its orbit. This kinetic energy is then transferred to the atom and is used to excite or ionize other electrons. Once the electron has been ejected, it is then free to travel through the atom, leaving behind a positively charged atom, or ion. This process of photoelectric absorption is essential for x-ray imaging and spectroscopy, as it allows for the detection of inner-shell electrons.
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according to the universal law of gravitation, the force due to gravity is:____.
According to the universal law of gravitation, the force due to gravity is directly proportional to the product of the masses of two objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Explain universal law of gravitation?The force of attraction between two objects caused by their masses is described by the universal law of gravitation, a physical principle put forth by Sir Isaac Newton. This law states that every particle of matter attracts every other particle in the cosmos with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of their separation.
The equation provides the law's mathematical expression:
F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
Where r is the distance between the centers of the two objects, m1 and m2 are their masses, and G is the gravitational constant.
The gravitational constant is a fundamental constant of nature that has a value of approximately 6.674 x 10^-11 Nm^2/kg^2.
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therm is a unit that is generally used to measure the energy contained in natural gas.
There are 100,000 British Thermal Units in a Therm. Throughout in the country, the measurement, and billing unit for natural gas usage is the therm. Thus, it is true.
What is the use of therm unit in energy measure?Therm gauges how much heat energy is generated by natural gas. As a result, we are able to compute the real energy consumed.
The therm, or Non-SI unit of heat energy, is equivalent to 1,000,000 BTUs and is a non-international standard of measurement. Btu is another way to write British thermal units.
Your cumulative use of natural gas is measured in therms. The British Thermal Unit, or BTU, measures the amount of heat required to increase one pound of water's temperature by one degree Fahrenheit. One therm is equivalent to 100,000 BTUs.
Therefore, it is true that An energy unit is a thermon. It's a term used to characterize natural gas's energy. 100,000 Btu make up one therm. More energy exists in a BTU than a calorie.
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chester the turtle has a mass of 111kg. chester is accelerating at .34 m/s^2. . what force is acting on chester
Answer:
The correct option is C
1000
N
Given, acceleration,
a
=
2
m
s
−
2
and mass,
m
=
500
k
g
Let the net force be F.
According to Newton's second law of motion:
F
=
m
a
=
500
×
2
=
1000
N
∴
Net force applied is 1000 N.
flag
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While running, how should you throw a ball with respect to you so that you can catch it yourself? a) Slightly forward b) Slightly backward c) Straight up
C) Straight up
How will you catch the ball ?If the ball is thrown vertically up, only the horizontal component of the runner and the ball will be the same, and in that case only he may catch the ball. To catch the ball, the horizontal component of the force on the ball and the runner should be the same.
The horizontal velocity component (vx) describes the influence of the velocity in displacing the projectile horizontally. The vertical velocity component (vy) describes the influence of the velocity in displacing the projectile vertically.
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a bit of the sunlit side of the moon shows with the light side being on the left called___
A bit of the sunlit side of the moon shows with the light side being on the left called as the darkside.
What is darkside?
The dark side of the moon is an idiom which refers to the unknown, mysterious and perhaps dangerous aspects of life. It describes the things that are hidden from us, the things that are hard to understand, and the things that can cause us harm. The phrase has been used to refer to the hidden depths of the human psyche, the unknown forces of the universe, and the unknown aspects of a person's life. It can also refer to a person's hidden and perhaps darker motivations and desires, as well as the unknown risks associated with decisions that people make. The phrase is a reminder that life is unpredictable and sometimes dangerous, and that people should be aware of the potential consequences of their decisions.
Therefore, A bit of the sunlit side of the moon shows with the light side being on the left called as the darkside.
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if earth's mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, then your weight would
Answer:
Because of symmetry the gravitational field of the earth acts as though all of the mass of the earth were centered at the center of the earth - so g = G M / R^2 and W = m g weight of an individual
If the mass (M) had 1/2 of its value the weight would also be halved.
what is the magnitude of the total force (in n) acting on the smiley face? do not type units in the answer box, or use scientific notation.
The formula below demonstrates how the mass of an item multiplied by its acceleration determines the size of the net force acting on it. When there is no net force acting on an object, it is in a condition known as equilibrium and is not moving forward.
What is the magnitude of the total force?Magnitude is the term used to describe a quantity's numerical value, which provides information on the strength of that quantity. As a result, the strength of a force is expressed by its magnitude.
When two forces of equal size are working in opposite directions—one in the east and the other in the west—the results of the two forces are not the same. Hence, both magnitude and direction must be provided in order to accurately characterize a force.
Therefore, [tex]F_n = 183.3 N[/tex] is the magnitude of the total force (in n) acting on the smiley face.
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The Hoover dam produces about 4,200,000,000 kWh of energy each year, using flowing water to rotate fan like blades and turbine generators. Which of the following summarizes the production of energy at Hoover dam? 
The option that summarizes the production of energy at Hoover Dam is A. Mechanical Energy of the flowing water is transformed into electrical energy by rotating coils in a magnetic field, producing an alternating current.
How does the Hoover Dam produce electricity ?The Hoover Dam is a hydroelectric dam, which means it generates electricity by harnessing the mechanical energy of flowing water. The dam has a system of turbines that are turned by the flow of water, which then rotates coils of wire in a magnetic field.
This interaction produces an alternating current (AC) electrical signal, which is then transformed into usable electrical energy that can be distributed to power homes and businesses.
In this way, Hoover Dam and other hydroelectric dams generate electricity without producing any greenhouse gas emissions, making them an important source of clean and renewable energy.
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Options for this question are:
Mechanical Energy of the flowing water is transformed into electrical energy by rotating coils in a magnetic field, producing an alternating current.Mechanical energy of the flowing water is transformed into thermal energy by rotating coils in a magnetic field, producing a direct current.Thermal energy of the flowing water is transformed into electrical energy by rotating coils in a magnetic field, producing an alternating current.Thermal energy of the flowing water is transformed into mechanical energy by rotating coils in a magnetic field, producing a direct current.A skateboarder fell during a jump. She got up after 5 seconds, returns to a velocity of 5 m/s. What is her acceleration
Answer:
Acceleration= Velocity/time
Acceleration=5m/s\5s
Acceleration=1m/s2
two point charges q1515.00 nc and q2523.00 nc are separated by 35.0 cm. (a) what is the electric potential at a point midway between the charges? (b) what is the potential energy of the pair of charges? what is the significance of the algebraic sign of your answer?
The electric potential at a point midway between the charges is approximately 3.27 x 10^6 V and the potential energy of the pair of charges is 288.5 x 10^-21 J.
The total electric potential at the midpoint is the sum of these two values:
V = V1 + V2 ≈ 3.27 x 10^6 V
Therefore, the electric potential at a point midway between the charges is approximately 3.27 x 10^6 V.
At a distance of 35.0 cm, the potential energy of the charges is:
U = (9.0 x 10^9 N·m^2/C^2) * (15.00 x 10^-9 C) * (25.23 x 10^-9 C) / (0.35 m) ≈ 288.5 x 10^-21 J
The algebraic sign of the answer is negative, which means that the two charges are attracted to each other and can do work as they move closer together.
Potential energy is the energy that is stored in an object due to its position or configuration. It is a form of energy that an object possesses by virtue of its relative position or state, and it has the potential to do work. The amount of potential energy an object has is directly related to its height or position in a gravitational field.
For example, if an object is held at a certain height above the ground, it has potential energy due to the gravitational force that pulls it towards the ground. This potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy when the object is released, and it falls towards the ground. Similarly, a compressed spring, a stretched rubber band, and a charged battery are all examples of objects that have potential energy.
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what units are used to measure mass in gravity calculations?
The S.I. unit to measure mass in all calculations including gravity related is kilograms.
What is kilogram?The kilogram is the SI unit of mass and it is the almost universally used standard mass unit.
Always remember that mass does not vary. If you measured the mass of an object here on Earth and on the Moon, you would find it was exactly the same. This is in line with common sense. If you take an object to the Moon, it is the same object, it looks exactly the same, and will have exactly the same reluctance to change its motion.
The simplest way to measure mass is not to compare the response of different objects to a force (so to gauge the mass in terms of their inertia or reluctance to accelerate). It is easier to compare two things with a beam balance than to measure their accelerations. If the masses are the same, the gravitational force on each will be the same and the beam will balance.
Concluding the concept of mass and the unit of conserved throughout the calculations which is kilogram here!
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when a spring with a spring constant of 10 n/m has a 0.90 kg block attached to it and is then set into simple harmonic motion, how long does it take for the block to return to its starting position?
The time it takes for a 0.90 kg block to return to its initial position after being coupled to a spring with a spring constant of 10 n/m and put into simple harmonic motion is 1.88 seconds.
The time it takes for a block attached to a spring to complete one full oscillation (i.e., return to its starting position) in simple harmonic motion is given by:
[tex]T = 2\Pi\sqrt{(m/k)}[/tex]
here,
T is period of oscillation,
m is mass of the block, and
k is spring constant.
In this case, m = 0.90 kg and k = 10 N/m.
Reserving values :-
[tex]T = 2\pi\sqrt{(0.90 kg / 10 N/m)}[/tex]
[tex]T = 2\pi\sqrt{(0.09 m)}[/tex]
[tex]T = 2\pi * 0.3 m[/tex]
T = 1.88 s
Therefore, it will take approximately 1.88 seconds for the block to return to its starting position.
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A pipe 1.00 m long is closed at one end. A guitar is placed near the open end of the tube and the string is plucked. The guitar string is 0.50 meters long and has a mass of 0.0010 kg. The string vibrates in its fundamental mode (1st harmonic) and produces a 1st overtone (3rd harmonic) standing wave in the closed pipe. If the speed of sound is 340 m/s, determine the tension in the guitar string.
Hint: the frequency of the vibrating guitar string is the same as the frequency produced in the closed pipe.
The tension in the guitar string is approximately 165 N.
How to determined the fundamental frequency (1st harmonic) of the closed pipeThe fundamental frequency (1st harmonic) of the closed pipe
can be determined using the formula:
f = v/2L
where
f is the frequencyv is the speed of sound L is the length of the pipeSubstituting the given values, we get:
f = 340 m/s / 2(1.00 m) = 170 Hz
The frequency of the 1st overtone (3rd harmonic) is three times the fundamental frequency, so:
f_overtone = 3f = 3(170 Hz) = 510 Hz
The tension in the guitar string can be determined using the formula:
f = 1/2L√(T/μ)
where T is the tension in the string and μ is the linear mass density (mass per unit length) of the string. The linear mass density can be determined from the given mass and length of the string:
μ = m/L = 0.0010 kg / 0.50 m = 0.0020 kg/m
Substituting the given and calculated values, we get:
510 Hz = 1/2(0.50 m)√(T/0.0020 kg/m)
Simplifying and solving for T, we get:
T = (4π^2)(0.0020 kg/m)(510 Hz)^2(0.50 m)^2 = 165 N
Therefore, the tension in the guitar string is approximately 165 N.
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find odd one out
stigma ,anther ,style ,ovary.
Answer:
style
Explanation:
If we think about it carefully, isn’t the entire Universe nothing more than a bunch of matter interacting as it transfers energy around?
Answer:
Yes, that's a good way to think about it. The entire universe can be described as a vast collection of matter and energy that interact with one another in complex ways. Energy is transferred from one object to another through various processes, such as radiation, conduction, and convection. These interactions result in the movement and transformation of matter and energy, which in turn shape the physical and chemical characteristics of the universe as a whole. So, in a sense, the entire universe can be seen as a dynamic system of energy transfer.
Explanation:
which of the following is the best example of kinetic energy? ? a bird flying through the air ? a compressed spring ? a hammer set on a table ? a woodpecker about to hammer a tree
The best example of kinetic energy is a bird flying through the air. Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses through motion.
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the power a moving item uses to move. It is the energy of an object caused by its movement.It is the energy that an object has due to its movement. It is calculated by multiplying the object's mass by the square of its speed. The kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of the body and the square of its speed. Kinetic energy is a form of energy in motion, such as B. a moving car, a flying ball or a walking person. It is a form of energy associated with the movement of an object.
Kinetic energy is an important concept in physics because it is used to explain many phenomena and in many calculations.
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play the video and pause when you need to read the scale. how much does the mass decrease during heating?
Although it may appear like burning destroys matter, the same quantity, or mass, of matter remains after a campfire. It demonstrates that when wood burns, it reacts with oxygen and transforms into not just ashes, but also carbon dioxide and water vapor. The gases float out into the air, leaving just the ashes behind.
Antoine Lavoisier, a French scientist, developed the law of conservation of mass in 1789. According to the rule of conservation of mass, matter cannot be generated or destroyed in a chemical process. As wood burns, for example, the mass of the soot, ashes, and gases matches the original mass of the charcoal and oxygen when it originally reacted. As a result, the product's mass equals the reactant's mass. A reactant is a material generated by the chemical reaction of two or more elements, and a product is the substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction (Video 3.7.1). Matter and its equivalent mass cannot be generated or destroyed, but they may change forms to other things like liquids, gases, and solids.
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Can a vector with zero magnitude have one or more components that are zero? Explain.
Yes, a vector with zero magnitude can have one or more components that are zero. This is because a vector's magnitude is determined by the length of its components, which can be zero even if the magnitude of the vector is zero.
What is magnitude?Magnitude is a measure of the size, intensity, or strength of something. It is most commonly used to describe the size of an earthquake, magnitude being a measure of its energy release. It can also refer to the size of an astronomical object, such as a star or planet, or the strength of a magnetic field. Magnitude is expressed using a logarithmic scale, with each increase in magnitude representing a ten-fold increase in the strength or size of an object. For example, an earthquake of magnitude 5.0 is ten times as powerful as one of magnitude 4.0. Magnitude is an important concept in physics, astronomy, and other sciences.
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(a)6an electron is to be accelerated from 3.00 * 106 m>s to 8.00 * 10 m>s. through what potential difference must the electron pass to accomplish this? (b) through what potential differ- ence must the electron pass if it is to be slowed from 8.00 * 106 m>s to a halt?
The work-energy theorem may be able to shed some light on the forces when an object's motion is known but the magnitudes of one or more of the forces acting on it are unknown. The work-energy theorem is applicable to forces that are both constant and variable.
What is the work energy theorem?The work-energy theorem states that the total work done by forces acting on an item is equal to the change in kinetic energy.
This theorem states that the net work performed on a body is equal to the change in the body's kinetic energy. The Work-Energy Theorem describes this. Kf - Ki = W is a representation of it.
(A)
from work energy theorem,
work done = change in kinetic energy
[tex]w = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 - \frac{1}{2} m u^2[/tex]
[tex]ev= \frac{1}{2} mv^2 - \frac{1}{2} m u^2[/tex]
[tex]V = \frac{1}{2e} [mv^2- mu^2][/tex]
[tex]V = \frac{1}{2(1.60\times 10^-19C)} [(9.11\times 10^-31kg) (8.00\times 10^6\frac{m}{s})^2- [(9.11\times 10^-31kg) (3.00\times 10^6\frac{m}{s})^2][/tex]
[tex]=157v[/tex]
The potential difference of electron is 157V.
(B)
[tex]w = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 - \frac{1}{2} m u^2[/tex]
[tex]ev= \frac{1}{2} mv^2 - \frac{1}{2} m u^2[/tex]
[tex]V = \frac{1}{2e} [mv^2- mu^2][/tex]
[tex]V = \frac{1}{2(1.60\times 10^-19C)} 0 - [(9.11\times 10^-31kg) (3.00\times 10^6\frac{m}{s})^2][/tex]
[tex]= 25.6V[/tex]
The potential difference of electron is 25.6V
Therefore, for (a) potential difference of electron is 157V and for (b) potential difference of electron is 25.6V
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a bungee cord with a spring constant of 800 stretches 6 meters at its greatest displacement. how much elastic potential energy does the bungee cord have? the bungee cord has j of elastic potential energy.
Potential energy is a form of stored energy that is dependent on the relationship between different system components.
The bungee cord has 14400 joules of elastic potential energy.
The elastic potential energy of a spring (or in this case, a bungee cord) is given by the formula:
Elastic potential energy = [tex]1/2 * k * x^2[/tex]
Where:
k = spring constant
x = displacement from the equilibrium position
In this case, we know that the spring constant (k) is 800 and the maximum displacement (x) is 6 meters. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Elastic potential energy = [tex]1/2 * 800 * 6^2[/tex]
Elastic potential energy = [tex]1/2 * 800 * 36[/tex]
Elastic potential energy = 14400 joules
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how are the electric field lines oriented (relative to the surface of the conductor) close to the conductor? how does this relate to the previous question?
The electric field lines that are near a conductor are parallel to that conductor's surface. The "normal" direction is thought to be this one.
This relates to the preceding query since sound waves can cause an object to vibrate and emit its own sound waves when they strike a solid object, such as a conductor. Depending on the relative phase and amplitude of the waves, the interference with the original sound waves can be either constructive or destructive. Because it may have an impact on how waves interact with the conductor and produce interference patterns, the orientation of the electric field lines close to the conductor is crucial. In general, the conductor has a stronger impact on the sound waves the closer it is to the source of the sound, and the interference patterns might become more complicated as a result.
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No one in Rohan's immediate family has cancer. What does this MOST likely mean?
OA. He will never get cancer.
OB. His mom does not have cancer-causing genes.
OC.
His dad does not have cancer-causing genes.
D.
He could possibly get cancer.
Answer:
D. He could possibly get cancer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is D. He could possibly get cancer. While having no immediate family members with cancer is a good sign, it does not guarantee that he will never get cancer. It simply means that his parents do not have any known cancer-causing genes.
a sphere made of rubber has a density of 1.08 g/cm3 and a radius of 8.00 cm. it falls through air of density 1.20 kg/m3 and has a drag coefficient of 0.500. what is its terminal speed (in m/s)?
The terminal speed of the falling rubber sphere is approximately 2.43 m/s.
Terminal speed is the constant velocity that a falling object eventually reaches when the resistance of the medium through which it is falling (such as air or water) prevents further acceleration.
[tex]v = \sqrt{\dfrac{2 \times m \times g}{\rho \times A \times C_d}}[/tex]
where ρ is the density of air, v is the velocity of the sphere, A is the cross-sectional area of the sphere, and [tex]C_d[/tex] is the drag coefficient.
The mass of the sphere can be calculated from its density and volume:
[tex]m = \dfrac{4}{3} \times \pi \times r^3 \times\rho[/tex]
where r is the radius of the sphere.
Mass = [tex]m = \dfrac{4}{3} \times \pi \times (0.08 m)^3 \times 1.08 \times \dfrac{1 kg}{1000 g}[/tex]
Mass = = 0.144 kg
Area is,
[tex]A = \pi \times r^2\\ = \pi \times (0.08)^2 \\= 0.0201 m^2[/tex]
The terminal velocity is,
[tex]v = \sqrt{\dfrac{2 \times 0.144 \times 9.81}{1.20\times 0.0201 \times 0.500}}[/tex]
= 2.43 m/s
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Why is it difficult to make models of objects in the solar system?
Creating models of objects in the solar system is challenging due to the large distances, complex motions, interactions with other objects, and unknown properties of these objects.
The vast distances between the objects in the solar system can make it difficult to obtain accurate measurements of their positions and movements. The complex motions of the objects, including gravitational interactions with other objects, make it challenging to predict their positions and trajectories over long periods of time.
Additionally, some objects have properties that are not well understood, such as their composition and internal structure, making it difficult to model their movements accurately.
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it is specified that a certain nut be tightened to a torque of 41 n*m. if the mechanic is using a 81 cm wrench, how much force must he apply to the end of the wrench to meet specs?
To torque the nut to the required 41 N*m, the mechanic needs apply a force of 50.62 N to the end of the wrench.
Is 40 times more torque needed to remove a nut from a wheel?The amount of torque needed to remove a nut from a car's wheel is 40.0 Nm. In order to remove the nut, the technician must use a minimum force of 40.0 Nm at the end of a 50.0 cm wrench.
We can apply the following formula to resolve this issue:
Torque = Force x Distance
where Torque is given as 41 N*m, Distance is the length of the wrench (81 cm = 0.81 m), and we want to find the Force.
So, we can rearrange the formula to solve for Force:
Force = Torque / Distance
Substituting the given values, we get:
Force = 41 N*m / 0.81 m
Force = 50.62 N
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A meteor when enters into the earth atmosphere burns what happens to its energy?
Answer: Heat by Friction
Explanation: When traveling they have a lot of kinetic energy however upon entering the earth's atmosphere the kinetic energy transforms into heat by friction causing it to burn and some of that energy is turned into light.
you are rescuing a person who has fallen down a well. the rope with which you are lifting the person will withstand a maximum tension of 850 n without breaking. the weight of the person being lifted is 700 n. the magnitude of the largest acceleration with which you raise the person is
Magnitude of the largest acceleration with which you raise the person is calculated as 1.214 m/s².
What is tension?The tension in the rope is directly related to the acceleration of person being lifted according to Newton's second law of motion:
Given, maximum tension the rope can withstand is 850 N, and weight of the person being lifted is 700 N.
As tension = mass x acceleration
Since the mass of the person is constant, we can write this equation:
Acceleration = Tension / mass
Acceleration = 850 N / 700 kg
= 1.214 m/s^2
Therefore, the magnitude of the largest acceleration with which you can raise the person is 1.214 m/s^2.
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A wave has a frequency of 30 hz and speed of 60 m/s what is the wavelength of the wave
The definition of frequency, expressed in hertz, is the number of oscillations of a wave per unit of time (Hz). The relationship between frequency and pitch is straightforward. Frequencies between 20 and 20000 Hz are audible to humans.
What is the relation in frequency and wavelength in wave?The number of wave cycles or revolutions per second is known as frequency. The following is the frequency-based formula for period (T): If wavelength and velocity are taken into account for any wave, the Frequency Formula is expressed as. f = v λ
he relationship between these two factors is justified by the fact that the speed at which a wave travels is equal to the product of its frequency and wavelength.
V=fλ
f represent frequency
V= speed
λ = wavelength
by using this formula
λ = v/ f = 2nm
Therefore, 2nm is the wavelength of the wave.
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whether a truck comes to a stop by crashing into a haystack or a brick wall, the stopping force is
both the same.
greater with the haystack.
greater with the brick wall..
When a truck comes to a stop by crashing into a haystack or a brick wall, the stopping force is greater with the brick wall. Stopping force is determined by the amount of friction a surface provides.
Friction is a force that acts between two objects when they come into contact with each other. It is an important force that affects our everyday life. Friction can be both beneficial and detrimental. It is beneficial in that it allows us to walk, run, drive, and even write without slipping or sliding. It also helps us to stop when we need to. On the other hand, friction can be detrimental when it causes machines to wear down, resulting in energy being wasted. Friction can also cause heat, noise, and wear on the surfaces of the two objects.
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The equation below expresses the proportional relationship between an object's kinetic energy, mass, and velocity.
Kinetic energy% x mass x velocity
How did your observations confirm this equation?
Answer: I do not know what your observations were, but objects with a higher mass and objects traveling at a faster velocity have a higher kinetic energy. The reverse is true of course for less KE.
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