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In trisomy 21, an error during meiosis results in

Question 1 options:



three copies of chromosome 21, leading to developmental deficits.




the normal two copies of chromosome 21 and no developmental deficits.




a point mutation.




three copies of chromosome 19.

Answers

Answer 1

Down syndrome is caused by non-disjunction during meiotic division. Option A) In trisomy 21, an error during meiosis results in three copies of chromosome 21, leading to developmental deficits.

What is non-disjunction?

Non-disjunction is the proper separation failure of chromosomes during anaphase I or II of the meiotic division.

This mistake in segregation results in the production of gametes containing a greater or lesser number of chromosomes than is found in a normal cell. Consequently, the individual may develop a trisomy or monosomy.

Non-disjunction produces aneuploidy, which is a disbalance in the number of cell chromosome copies.

If  non-disjunction occurs in meiosis II.

Two gametes will be normal, carrying one chromatid each (n).One of the gametes will have two chromatids (n+1).The last gamete will have no chromatid (n-1).

However, if non-disjunction occurs in meiosis I, all the produced gametes will be chromosomally abnormal.

Two gametes will have two copies of a chromosome (2n)Two gametes will not have any chromosomes. There is nullysomia.

Nullysomies generate final monosomy after fertilization.

Diploid gametes produce final trisomy after fertilization.

Non-disjunction is a cause of various abnormal medical conditions, including Down syndrome and Turner syndrome.

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that produces extra genetic material in chromosome 21. Affected individuals express a typical physical appearance, intellectual disability, and developmental delays.

Option A) In trisomy 21, an error during meiosis results in three copies of chromosome 21, leading to developmental deficits.

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Related Questions

Glucose and fructose are both c6h12o6. What is the structural difference between them?.

Answers

The formula for glucose and fructose is C6H12O6. While glucose has a six-membered ring, fructose only has a five-membered ring.

What distinguishes fructose and glucose, exactly?

Fructose is an amino acid, whereas glucose is a sugar. —In contrast to fructose, which is a disaccharide, glucose is a monosaccharide. — The most prevalent monosaccharide is glucose, whereas fructose is infrequently found in nature.

How would one tell the difference between fructose and glucose?

Test Seliwanoff

A chemical test called the Seliwanoff test separates fructose from glucose. This test is based on the observation that fructose (also known as ketonesugar) dehydrates more quickly when heated than glucose (aldose sugar). Fructose is quickly converted to red when added to a solution.

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"The following statements describe something about the body structures or functions of fungi. Identify those statements that are correct.
Select all that apply.
-All fungi are heterotrophs; some species live as decomposers and others as symbionts.
-Nutrients can flow through the entire mycelium in fungi with coenocytic hyphae, but not in fungi with septate hyphae.
-Mycelia are made up of small-diameter hyphae that form an interwoven mass, providing more surface area for nutrient absorption.
-Cellulose gives rigidity and strength to the cell walls of fungi.
-Some fungi secrete digestive enzymes into the environment and then absorb the digested nutrients.
-Some fungi can grow as either filamentous or single-celled forms."

Answers

Functions and body structure of Fungi are all fungi are heterotrophic and some fungi are filamentous or unicellular. Mycelia are hyphae used for the absorption of nutrients. Some fungi also secrete digestive enzymes. So, the correct options are (A), (C), (E) and (F).

What are Fungi?

Fungi are the kingdom of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the macroorganism mushrooms that contain chitin in their cell walls. Thus, fungi differ in form and size. Mycelia are composed of small-diameter hyphae that form an interwoven mass, providing greater surface area for nutrient absorption.

Most fungi are composed of hyphae—long filamentous structures that can fuse and connect through anastomosis and form the mycelium. They can increase their surface with structures like haustoria and arbuscules for the absorption of nutrients.

All fungi are hosts; Some species live as decomposers and others as symbionts. Fungi are like animals, heterotrophs, which means that none of them make their own food through photosynthesis like plants. Fungi can be decomposers, parasites or symbionts

Some fungi secrete digestive enzymes into the environment and then absorb the digested nutrients which is an example of heterotrophic nutrition (obtain carbon and nutrients from other organisms or other sources, but not produce their own). .

Thus, functions and body structure of Fungi are all fungi are heterotrophic and some fungi are filamentous or unicellular. Mycelia are hyphae used for the absorption of nutrients. Some fungi also secrete digestive enzymes. So, the correct options are (A), (C), (E) and (F).

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