In which ways do international environmental problems differ
from purely national (or subnational) problems?

The look back time of a quasar is 12.4 billion light-years if it is 12.4 billion light-years from Earth ---- True

The "look back time" is the period of time between when the light is detected on Earth and when the source first released it. The further back in time we look, the further away an object is from us.

Since it takes billions of light years to reach Earth, received data can determine the age and distance. In order to find new planets and stars in the Galaxy and other galaxies, scientists have developed cutting-edge telescopes.

When astronomers first began to observe them in the late 1950s and early 1960s, they resembled stars, which is why they were given the name "quasar." However, stars are not quasars. They are, as of now, young galaxies that are far from us and growing in number toward the outer limits of the visible universe.

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Answer:

A federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years. The law excluded merchants, teachers, students, travellers, and diplomats. It led to a significant decrease in the number of Chinese immigrants coming to the United States. It also led to the separation of families.

Explanation:

Many Chinese immigrants were unable to bring their families with them. The act also led to discrimination against Chinese immigrants who were already in the United States.

The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years.

People who use alcohol or drugs at risky or harmful levels are the individuals that sbirt primarily targets. Option C is correct

SBIRT (Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment) primarily targets people who use alcohol or drugs at risky or harmful levels.

The goal of SBIRT is to identify individuals who may be engaging in substance use that poses potential risks to their health and well-being. By providing screening, brief intervention, and referring them to appropriate treatment if necessary, SBIRT aims to reduce substance abuse and related problems.

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According to Bernard Williams, in the case of George the Chemist, a utilitarian would say that George should accept the job he is offered, but in doing so, he will violate his own commitments and life projects.

Bernard Williams presents the case of George the Chemist as a critique of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is a moral theory that promotes actions that maximize overall happiness or pleasure and minimize pain or suffering. According to utilitarianism, the morally right action is the one that produces the greatest amount of net happiness or pleasure.

However, Williams argues that in the case of George the Chemist, a utilitarian would advise George to accept the job he is offered, even if it goes against his own personal commitments and life projects. This is because, from a utilitarian perspective, the overall happiness produced by George accepting the job might outweigh the personal sacrifices he has to make.

Williams challenges this view by highlighting the importance of individual integrity and personal projects. He argues that it is not morally acceptable to disregard one's own commitments and values for the sake of maximizing overall happiness. Thus, according to Williams, a utilitarian approach in this case would lead to a conflict between George's personal integrity and the utilitarian principle of maximizing happiness.

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1. Act in our best interest, often with cynicism toward others. Option B is the correct answer.

The propensity to place too much weight on one's own viewpoint and/or having a higher opinion of oneself than reality is known as egocentric bias. It appears to be beneficial for memory consolidation and to be the outcome of a psychological urge to sate one's ego. When individuals don't think about things from other people's viewpoints, it is known as egocentric prejudice. Egocentric bias has affected ethical judgments to the point that individuals now think that pursuing one's own interests is not only preferable, but also the right thing to do from a moral standpoint.

2. Cognitive dissonance is the conflict we feel when we are presented with new information. Option B is the correct answer.

The mental pain that comes from possessing two opposing views, values, or attitudes is known as cognitive dissonance. The tendency for people to seek consistency in their attitudes and beliefs results in unpleasant emotions of unease or discomfort when there is a contradiction. People are driven to take activities to lessen uncomfortable sensations by the discrepancy between their beliefs and behaviors. People make many efforts to release this tension, including rejecting, explaining away, or ignoring new knowledge.

3. Evil acts are not always perpetrated by evil people captures the idea of the banality of evil. Option A is the correct answer.

The trial taught us about the "frightsome, word-and-thought-defying banality of evil," in Arendt's (1963) words. This idea that regular people are capable of doing monstrous things gains support not from psychology or history alone, but rather from the intersection of the two.

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The complete question is, "1. How would someone act if they were basing themselves off an egocentric bias?

a. Act based off societal norms and laws

b. Act in our best interest, often with cynicism toward others

c. Consider others first and then themselves

d. Act based off orders from a higher being

2. Cognitive dissonance is..

a. always thinking about how we appear to others

b. the conflict we feel when we are presented with new information

c. standards of conduct that are expected & maintained

d. none of the above

3. Which answer best captures the idea of the banality of evil?

a. Evil acts are not always perpetrated by evil people

b. The standards of conduct that are expected and maintained

c. Provides an account to guide behavior

d. Bad people are born bad people, and no environment influences it"

Cultural clash is the encounter between two or more cultures that hold opposing values, beliefs, and customs.

The cultural clash may lead to conflicts, which are often caused by differences in perspectives and beliefs.

Below are the stages of how cultural clash unfolds:Stereotypes are beliefs about a group of people that are applied to an entire group. They are often based on limited information and lack nuance.

One of the negative effects of stereotypes is that they can be used to dehumanize people.

This is one of the stages in which cultural clash unfolds.

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In research, treatment refers to the intervention that is being tested to ensure it can combat the issue at hand.

One shot case study, one group protest and control group designs are different design methods used to find out how effective a treatment was.

There are a number of different research designs that can be used to test the effectiveness of a treatment. Here are four of the most common designs:

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The answer is  False. Civil law deals with crimes committed against the general populace.

Criminal law has a stronger emphasis on punishment and retribution than civil law, which is more concerned with settling disputes. Even when a person is the direct victim, criminal law deals with conduct that are or could be seen as crimes against the general public, society, or the state. Civil law is concerned with acts that people perform where the harm they cause can be made up for through compensation or a financial remedy. Criminal law deals with offences that affect individuals as well as offences against society. The offender of a crime must spend time in prison.

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Answer:

c.  Legislators may choose their personal or clients' interest over the interests and welfare of the public.

John Stuart Mill believed that utility, or the well-being of society as a whole, should be the ultimate goal of justice. He saw justice as a means of promoting the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people, rather than individual interests or preferences.

In Mill's view, justice should be based on principles that promote the long-term well-being of society and minimize harm to individuals, such as respect for individual rights and the establishment of laws that create a fair and equitable society.

If I witness an act of deliberate cheating, I would assess the situation using the principle of utility as described by Mill. I would consider the potential consequences of reporting the cheating - would it lead to greater overall happiness and benefit society as a whole, or would t cause unnecessary harm or hardship for the individuals involved

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The concern about constant stimulation and excessive screen time is a common issue in modern life. Meditation and mindfulness have gained attention as methods to counter this trend and promote a clear mind and living in the present moment.

Like many individuals, I also find myself often engaged with multiple screens and experiencing difficulty in simply sitting and relaxing without external stimulation. It has become a challenge to focus on a single task without feeling the need for additional screens or distractions. This behavior aligns with the tendency towards multitasking, which can have associated costs. Cognitive psychology research suggests that multitasking can lead to reduced productivity, impaired concentration, and increased mental load due to divided attention.

There are indeed costs associated with excessive screen time and multitasking. Research indicates that prolonged exposure to screens can contribute to issues such as eye strain, sleep disturbances, decreased attention span, and even negative effects on mental health. Multitasking, while it may provide a sense of productivity, often leads to decreased efficiency and poorer performance in tasks that require focused attention.

To address these concerns, exploring practices like meditation and mindfulness can be beneficial. These practices aim to promote a clear mind, enhance present-moment awareness, and reduce distractions. Engaging in meditation or other activities that allow for mental relaxation and focused attention can help counter the effects of constant stimulation and multitasking. Personally, I have found that incorporating short meditation sessions into my routine helps in improving focus, reducing stress, and fostering a sense of calm.

Overall, acknowledging the challenges associated with constant stimulation, multitasking, and excessive screen time is important. Exploring strategies such as meditation and mindfulness can provide effective tools to counterbalance these tendencies and promote a clearer and more focused mindset. By intentionally creating moments of stillness and concentration, we can cultivate a healthier relationship with technology and enhance our overall well-being.

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The Evolution of Psychology the correct answer is b. Hence, Cognitive psychology.

Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on the study of mental processes such as perception, thinking, memory, and problem-solving.

It is concerned with how people acquire, process, and use information to understand and interact with the world around them. Therefore, cognitive psychology is the area of psychology that specifically investigates the acquisition of knowledge. The correct option is b.

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Hardware breakdown on MSL Curiosity Context of the Mission The purpose of the application lifespan was to study the temperature and geology of Mars (the red planet), as well as to ascertain whether microbial life has ever inhabited it. The knowledge gained from this mission will be used to increase the prospects of future space missions.

As the concept of the selection and verification of the avionics systems of architecture and various parts of technology relating to the spaceflight programs as well as the accepted associated risks in the mission category or payload class came forward, MSL Curiosity hardware failures relate to Mission Environment Application lifetime.

Its different components, including the mission, environment, application, and lifecycle, offer suggestions for effective mission design, development, and implementation procedures. Verification verifies that the design is adequate and in line with the project's acceptable level of risk.  

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Control theories and integrated theories offer distinct perspectives on understanding criminal behavior, and each has its own strengths and limitations.

However, it would be inaccurate to claim that one theory has a significant advance over the other. Both theories contribute valuable insights to our understanding of criminal behavior and have their unique contributions to the field of criminology. The first paragraph summarizes the answer, and the second paragraph provides an explanation.

Control theories, such as Travis Hirschi's Social Bond Theory, focus on the role of social control in preventing individuals from engaging in criminal behavior. These theories emphasize the importance of strong social bonds, such as attachment to family, school, and societal norms, in deterring individuals from deviant acts. On the other hand, integrated theories, such as the General Theory of Crime by Michael Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi, aim to combine various criminological perspectives to provide a more comprehensive understanding of criminal behavior. These theories incorporate elements from control theories, strain theories, and other perspectives to offer a holistic view of crime.

Control theories have the advantage of highlighting the importance of social bonds and mechanisms of social control in preventing crime. They emphasize the role of attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief systems in shaping individuals' behavior. On the other hand, integrated theories provide a broader framework by incorporating multiple factors, such as social, psychological, and biological influences, to explain criminal behavior. They recognize the complex interplay between individual characteristics, social factors, and situational contexts in determining criminal conduct.

Both control theories and integrated theories have made significant contributions to the field of criminology by offering different perspectives and insights into criminal behavior. Each theory has its own strengths and limitations, and their value lies in their ability to complement and enrich our understanding of crime rather than one theory having a significant advance over the other. The field of criminology benefits from the integration and dialogue between different theories, as they collectively contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of criminal behavior.

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Stakeholder mapping can help managers of a public limited company to manage change more effectively to a great extent. This is because stakeholder mapping is a vital tool for managers in any organization. Managers must understand the interests and requirements of all stakeholders, whether they are consumers, employees, shareholders, or suppliers. Mapping stakeholders will assist managers in determining which stakeholders will be influenced by change, to what extent, and how much of a stake each stakeholder holds.

Most notably, stakeholder mapping assists managers in determining how to interact with each stakeholder group, ensuring that change is effective, supported, and embraced by all stakeholders. Furthermore, the analysis will assist managers in determining the best strategy for dealing with resistance to change, such as offering incentives to stakeholders who may be more resistant. This aids in the effective execution of the transition plan, with fewer obstacles and greater support.

Finally, stakeholder mapping will help managers in establishing a culture of trust and open communication, which is critical for effecting and managing change. This helps to ensure that the change is lasting and the desired outcomes are achieved. Thus, stakeholder mapping can help managers of a public limited company to manage change more effectively.

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An expert stated on the occasion of World Children's Day that child labour has expanded in the supply chains of industrialised nations and blocs like the European Union, the US, Canada, Japan, Norway, and Switzerland, particularly due to the harsh and unethical business strategies of multinationals.

Child labour, for whatever reason, exacerbates societal injustice and discrimination. kid labour restricts access to education and stunts a kid's physical, mental, and social development, in contrast to activities that promote child development, such helping out around the house or working during the summer. The issue appears to have its roots in poverty. On the whole, poor kids make money for their families. Child labour is prevalent in both urban and rural settings.

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Answer:

A. 2. Emotion

B. 5. Cognition

C. 8. Negative Behavior

D. 9. Practical Intelligence

E. 14. Inappropriate Negative Sensation

F. 7. Self-talk

G. 10. Firing Order

H. 12. Upward Spiral

I. 6. Goal

J. 13. Trigger

K. 15. Sensation

L. 4. Behaviors

M. 1. Multimodal Approach

N. 11. Visualization

O. 12. Upward Spiral

Answer:

The organization that tied the contras in Nicaragua to the hostages in Iran was the United States government. During the Iran-Contra affair in the 1980s, certain officials within the U.S. government facilitated the arms sales to Iran and used the profits to fund the Contra rebels in Nicaragua.

The given statement " The option for a blended sentence may be given to juveniles who have received a direct file, mandatory or a prosecutorial waiver, to the adult court" is False. The option for a blended sentence is not typically given to juveniles who have received a direct file, mandatory, or prosecutorial waiver to the adult court.

A blended sentence refers to a sentencing option where a juvenile offender is subject to both juvenile and adult court jurisdiction. It allows for a combination of juvenile rehabilitation and adult punishment. However, the availability of blended sentencing varies depending on the jurisdiction and legal framework in place.

In cases where juveniles are transferred to adult court through direct file, mandatory, or prosecutorial waiver, they are generally subject to the jurisdiction and sentencing guidelines of the adult court. The purpose of these waivers is to treat the juvenile offender as an adult, foregoing the rehabilitative focus of the juvenile justice system.

Blended sentences are typically associated with other situations, such as cases where juveniles are initially processed in juvenile court but later transferred to adult court or when certain offenses meet specific criteria for blended sentencing options.

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Investigators like Juliana commit such reasonable time to research concentrated on this question as heterosexuality is the usual for most people in U.S. culture.

Heterosexuality is the term used to describe romantic or sexual attraction or sexual behaviour among individuals who are the other sex or gender. An persistent cycle of feelings of romantic, emotional, or sexual attraction about others who are the other sex is known as heterosexuality, which is a sexual orientation. It also describes an individual's sense of identity determined by these feelings, associated behaviours, and belonging to a group of people who have similar feelings.

Straight is a term used to describe a heterosexual person. homosexuality, sexual attraction to and interest in one's own sex. The acceptance, toleration, punishment, and outright prohibition of homosexual activities has varied over time and across cultural boundaries.

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All of these statements are true. Throughout the world, one in every six youngsters lives where there is some type of battle, as indicated by the Unified Nations International Children's Education Fund (UNICEF).

The option (B) is correct.

War not only poses the risk of premature death and disability due to violence but also leads to other issues such as severe malnutrition, malaria, and various diseases. UNICEF estimates that there are approximately 230 million children residing in countries and areas affected by armed conflict.

This highlights the widespread impact of war on children's lives, emphasizing the urgent need for interventions and support to protect and improve their well-being in these challenging circumstances.

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This question is not complete, Here I am attaching the complete question:

Which of the following is a true statement? Group of answer choices

(A)  throughout the world, one in six children lives where there is some form of war.

(B) all of these are true statements.

(C) along with the risk of premature death and disability resulting from exposure to violence, war leads to issues such as severe malnutrition, malaria, and other diseases.

(D) the united nations international children's education fund (UNICEF) estimates there are 230 million children living in countries and areas where there is armed conflict.

The correct answer is option E- Ocean-Continent convergent causes the earthquakes in Puerto Rico (and Haiti).

Puerto Rico and Haiti are found along the boundary where the North American Plate and the Caribbean Plate connected are . This boundary is a sort of plate structural boundary known as an ocean-continent concurrent boundary. In this case, the denser maritime plate (Caribbean Plate) is being subducted underneath the less thick mainland plate (North American Plate). The subduction of the maritime plate makes serious weight and friction, leading to the discharge of vitality within the frame of seismic tremors.

The seismic tremors in Puerto Rico and Haiti are a result of the aggregation and discharge of stretch along the subduction zone. These seismic tremors can change in size and can some of the time be very damaging, causing noteworthy harm to the foundation and posturing a risk to human lives.

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In the given groups of words, let's identify the words with the same suffix, the word with a different suffix, and the word with no suffix:

e. youngster

faster

monster

gangster

In this group, "youngster" and "gangster" have the same suffix "-ster," while "faster" has a different suffix "-er." The word "monster" has no suffix.

f. wrestling

handling

fling

duckling

In this group, "wrestling" and "handling" have the same suffix "-ing," while "duckling" has a different suffix "-ling." The word "fling" has no suffix.

g. nifty

ducky

thrifty

lucky

In this group, "nifty" and "thrifty" have the same suffix "-y," while "ducky" has a different suffix "-y." The word "lucky" has no suffix.

h. given

maven

wooden

taken

In this group, "given" and "taken" have the same suffix "-en," while "maven" has a different suffix "-en." The word "wooden" has no suffix.

Now, let's explain the meaning of each suffix:

-ster: This suffix often denotes a person associated with a particular activity or occupation. For example, a "gangster" is someone involved in criminal activities, and a "youngster" refers to a young person.

-er: This suffix generally indicates a person or thing that performs a particular action or has a specific quality. For instance, "faster" describes something or someone that is able to move or perform at a higher speed.

-ing: This suffix is often used to form the present participle of a verb or to indicate ongoing or continuous action. For example, "wrestling" and "handling" both describe ongoing actions.

-ling: This suffix is used to form diminutive nouns, often referring to something small or young. In this case, "duckling" represents a young duck.

-y: This suffix can have various meanings, such as indicating characteristics, qualities, or conditions. For instance, "nifty" describes something stylish or smart, while "thrifty" refers to being economical.

-en: This suffix is used to form past participles of verbs or to create adjectives. In this case, "given" and "taken" are past participles of the verbs "give" and "take," respectively. The word "wooden" is an adjective that describes something made of wood.

In summary, understanding the patterns and meanings of these suffixes can help us decipher the grammatical and semantic properties of words in different contexts

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Answer:

I don't know but I wish you luck

Explanation:

Im looking for answers to my very specific questions

Here are four reputable research sources addressing the issues of systemic racism in schools, indigenous youth identity, and the reconciliation process:

"Systemic Racism in Education: From Theory to Practice" by David Gillborn and Gloria Ladson-Billings.

This book critically examines the manifestations and impacts of systemic racism in education, offering theoretical frameworks and practical strategies for addressing racial inequalities in schools.

"Indigenous Youth Identity: Perspectives, Challenges, and Resilience" edited by Sandra D. Styres and Cynthia Chambers.

This collection of essays explores the complexities of indigenous youth identity formation, discussing the challenges they face within the context of colonialism and providing insights into their resilience and cultural empowerment.

"Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada: Calls to Action" by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada.

This report outlines the 94 calls to action aimed at redressing the legacy of residential schools and fostering reconciliation between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples in Canada.

"Reconciliation in Practice: A Handbook for School Communities" by the Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership (AITSL).

This resource offers practical guidance and case studies for Australian school communities on implementing reconciliation initiatives, engaging with Indigenous cultures, and addressing historical injustices.

These sources provide in-depth research, analyses, and practical insights into the topics of systemic racism in schools, indigenous youth identity, and the reconciliation process. They offer theoretical frameworks, empirical evidence, and recommendations for addressing these issues in educational contexts. By consulting these reputable sources, researchers, educators, policymakers, and other stakeholders can gain a comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved and access valuable strategies for promoting equity, inclusivity, and cultural empowerment in schools and communities.

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Modeling can positively influence behavior  while it can negatively influence behavior when the model exhibits undesirable behavior.

One example of how modeling can positively influence behavior is when a child observes their parent consistently engaging in healthy eating habits. The child may be more likely to adopt similar eating behaviors, influenced by the personal determinant of their desire to be like their parent. The behavioral determinant is the observation and imitation of the parent's eating habits, while the environmental determinant includes factors such as the availability of nutritious food at home and the overall family culture around healthy eating.

On the other hand, modeling can have a negative influence when a teenager observes their older sibling engaging in substance abuse. The personal determinant involves the teenager's desire for social acceptance or curiosity about experimenting with substances. The behavioral determinant is the observation and potential imitation of the sibling's substance abuse. The environmental determinants include factors such as the accessibility of drugs or alcohol in the environment and the influence of peer pressure or social norms.

In both examples, personal determinants such as individual motivations and desires, behavioral determinants such as observation and imitation, and environmental determinants such as availability and social influence play a significant role in how modeling influences behavior, either positively or negatively.

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Answer:

Weight

Explanation:

When you put a cotton ball in water it will initially float at first, it will start to absorb the water in a short period of time due to the air particles in the cotton ball being taken up by the water. As the water takes over the air particles, it will eventually sink.  

Oceanic plastic pollution poses a serious environmental problem that calls for a multifaceted, all-encompassing solution.

It is essential to inform the public about the effects of plastic pollution and how it affects marine ecosystems. Promoting sustainable consumption patterns, recycling, and ethical waste management techniques should be the main objectives.

To limit the use of single-use plastics, governments, corporations, and people can collaborate. This can be done by promoting the use of substitutes such reusable bottles, bags, and packaging.

To stop plastic garbage from entering the oceans, efficient waste management methods must be developed. This entails making investments in infrastructure for recycling, putting in place suitable methods for trash collection and disposal, and promoting waste minimization at the source.

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The fundamental theorems of welfare economics demonstrate the potential of competitive markets to achieve efficiency and optimal outcomes. these theorems provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the role of markets and government intervention in achieving welfare-maximizing outcomes.

First Fundamental Theorem of Welfare Economics: This theorem states that, under certain conditions, a competitive market equilibrium is Pareto efficient. In other words, in a perfectly competitive market with no externalities or market failures, the allocation of goods and resources will be such that it is impossible to make one individual better off without making someone else worse off. This theorem highlights the ability of competitive markets to achieve an efficient allocation of resources without the need for government intervention.

Second Fundamental Theorem of Welfare Economics: This theorem states that, with appropriate redistribution of resources through lump-sum transfers, any Pareto efficient allocation can be achieved as a competitive market equilibrium. This means that, even if the initial allocation of resources is not efficient, it is possible to use lump-sum transfers (transfers that do not distort prices or incentives) to redistribute resources and attain a Pareto efficient outcome. The second theorem highlights the potential for the government to correct market failures or redistribute resources to achieve an efficient allocation.

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