Commodity money is a good used as a medium of exchange that has intrinsic value in other uses. Option D.
Commodity-backed currency A medium of exchange without intrinsic value, whose ultimate value is guaranteed by a promise that it can be converted into a commodity of value. Fiat Currency: A currency that derives value solely from its official status as a means of payment.
Unlike commodity-based Intrinsic value such as gold coins and banknotes that can be exchanged for precious metals, fiat currency is fully backed by complete trust in the government that issued it. One reason is that governments are required to pay taxes on the legal tender issued. A token coin is a coin whose face value is greater than its commercial value.
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even better products has come out with an even better product. as a result, the firm projects an roe of 15%, and it will maintain a plowback ratio of 0.40. its earnings this year will be $3 per share. investors expect a 11% rate of return on the stock.
The stock should be worth $10.91, which should give investors an 11% rate of return on the stock. Given the information provided, we can calculate the company's expected dividend by taking the company's earnings per share ($3) multiplied by the Plowback Ratio (0.40). This gives us an expected dividend of $1.20 per share.
To calculate the stock price, we take the expected dividend ($1.20) and divide it by the expected rate of return (11%). This gives us a stock price of $10.91. Therefore, the stock should be worth $10.91, which should give investors an 11% rate of return on the stock.
Return on Equity (ROE) is a measure of how well a company is performing and is calculated by taking a company's annual return (net income) divided by its total shareholders' equity. A ROE of 15% means that a company is generating 15 cents of net income for every dollar of shareholder equity invested in the company. The Plowback Ratio is a measure of a company's ability to reinvest its profits into its own operations, and a ratio of 0.40 means that a company is reinvesting 40% of its profits back into the company.
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18.3 The Pre-IPO value of the firm is 60M$ and the Pre-IPO number of shares outstanding is 4 Million. Assume underwriting Spread or Flotation Cost is 5%. Determine the number of new shares issued (in millions) if gross proceeds are valued at 18 million dollars.
Hint: Find what percentage of the firm belongs to new investors after IPO and then find the number of new shares issued
Select one of the following answers:
1.2183
0.7841
2.1489
1.1234
If gross proceeds are valued at 18 million dollars then the number of new shares to be 1.2183 million issued (in millions) while the flotation Cost is 5%. Option A is correct.
What is Flotation Cost?A publicly traded stock company incurs costs when it issues new securities for underwriting fees, legal fees, and registration fees. This cost referred to flotation cost.
These costs of additional equity for a company is determined by several factors such as floatation expenses, estimated return on equity, dividend payments, and the percentage of earnings the company expects.
Pre-IPO Value per share = Equity Value of Firm ÷ Shares Outstanding
⇒ $60M ÷ 4M
⇒ $15 per share.
Number of Shares to be issued for $18M proceeds = Investment Value ÷ ( Pre-IPO Value per Share - Flotation Cost)
⇒ $18M ÷ ($15 - $15×0.05)
⇒ $18M ÷ $14.75
⇒ 1.2183 or 1.2 approx.
Therefore the flotation cost will be excluded from the issue price.
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a landlord can avoid liability for injuries that occur on rental property by including an exculpatory clause in the lease. True or False ?
False, by including an exonerating clause in the lease, a landlord can avoid being held responsible for accidents that take place on rental property.
Homes bought by an investor and leased to tenants under some other form of rental agreement are referred to as residential rental property. The term "rental property" refers to a piece of residential real estate that a borrower owns outright or acquires, as well as all improvements thereon, as well as all other rights, benefits, and earnings derived from or related to such property. Typically, a rental property should have a ROI of more than 10%, while 5% to 10% can still be considered appropriate. Due to the up-front costs of home ownership, however, the ROI might be lower in the first year. Fixer-uppers typically have a lower list price than turnkey homes, which can result in greater upfront savings.
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The two types of stratification systems are ________, which do not allow change in social position and ________, which are based on achievement and allow movement between levels.answer choicesclass systems; castesclosed systems; open systemsmeritocracies; class systems
The two types of stratification systems are closed systems, which do not allow change in social position and open systems, which are based on achievement and allow movement between levels.
What is the systems of stratification?The major systems of stratification can be described as the system which could be slavery, estate systems, caste systems, and class systems.
It should be noted that in the Western European nations can not be seen as classless but still have much less economic inequality compare with class societies such as the United States.
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Parker, Inc. had a beginning balance in its Retained Earnings account of $386,250. During the year, the company declared an a $4,830 dividend and, at the end of the year,it reported Retained Earnings of $401,160. The company's net income for the ye was: Multiple Choice $19,740 $14,910 $10,080
The correct answer to the question is $10080. To find net profit victimization preserved earnings, you would like to the previous monetary period's recorded preserved earnings referred to as starting retained earnings, and add dividends back in.
In a beginning balance in its Retained Earning $386250
Add: Dividend Declared $ 4830
Less: Reported Earning $401160
The retained earnings are calculated by adding profit to (or subtracting internet losses from) the previous term's maintained earnings so subtracting any internet dividend(s) paid to the shareholders. The figure is calculated at the top of every accounting amount (monthly/quarterly/annually).
Since the statement of retained earnings is such a brief statement, it typically seems at an all-time low of the profit-and-loss statement when profit. Maintained earnings ending balance for accounting amount is capable of the maintained earnings at the start of the amount, and profit earned throughout the amount, minus dividends issued to shareholders throughout the amount.
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___involves allocating the overall cost estimate to individual work items to establish a baseline for measuring performance.
Determining the budget involves allocating the overall cost estimate to individual work items to establish a baseline for measuring performance.
Your net income serves as the cornerstone of an efficient budget. Your take-home pay is the sum of your income or salary less tax and employer-sponsored benefits like retirement plans and health insurance. Focusing on your gross pay instead of your net pay may drive you to overspend because you'll believe you have more money accessible than you actually have. Keep thorough records of your contracts and compensation if you're a freelancer, gig worker, contractor, or self-employed to help manage erratic revenue. Finding out where your money is going comes after determining how much you have coming in.
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When one or more people agree to assume unlimited personal liability and responsibility for management of the business, a ____ exists.
a. secret partnership
b. general partnership
c. silent partnership
d. joint venture
e. LLC
When one or more people agree to assume unlimited personal liability and responsibility for management of the business, a general partnership exists.
What is general partnership?
A general partnership is a type of business organization when two or more people concur to divide all the assets, profits, and monetary and legal obligations of a jointly owned company. In a general partnership, partners consent to unrestricted liability, which means that obligations are uncapped and may be settled with the asset forfeiture of an owner. Additionally, any partner could be held liable for the obligations of the company.
Since taxes do not pass via the general partnership, each individual is accountable for their individual tax liabilities, including partnership earnings, on their income tax returns.
General partnerships give participants the freedom to set up their companies anyway they see fit, allowing partners to have more direct control over corporate operations.
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When communicating with its target audience, Taco Bell considered each of its _____ including social media channels, packaging, point of purchase displays, and advertising. These places of contact between a firm and its customers are critical elements for building an integrated marketing communication plan.
a. sources
b. products
c. noises
d. touch points
e. traffic generators
Taco Bell considered each of its touch points including social media channels, packaging, point of purchase displays, and advertising.
Advertising and marketing is the exercise and techniques employed to bring attention to a products or services. advertising and marketing ambitions to place a services or products inside the highlight in hopes of drawing it attention from customers.
Purchasing is the prepared acquisition of goods and offerings on behalf of the shopping for entity. shopping activities are had to ensure that wanted objects are received in a timely manner and at a reasonable price.
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Answer: D, touch points
Explanation:
farley corp. has 50,000 shares of $1 par value common stock issued and outstanding. farley declares a 10% stock dividend when the fair value of the stock is $9 per share. which of the following entries will be included in the entries required to record the declaration and payment of the stock dividend? multiple select question. debit stock dividends $45,000. credit common stock $45,000. debit retained earnings $5,000. credit additional paid-in capital $40,000. credit common stock $5,000.
Answer:
Debit stock dividends $45,000
Credit common stock $5,000
Credit additional paid-in capital $40,000
Explanation:
True or False, parametric estimating uses three estimates to generate a weighted average which best represents the overall resource requirement.
Analogous estimating is fundamentally contrasting one task with one more comparative in size and intricacy at the undeniable level and is utilized when there is restricted data free.
What is parametric estimating?
A method for estimating project cost and term, utilized especially in the Existence Sciences, Designing, and Development ventures, in which the task is displayed utilizing predefined calculations.
For instance, in view of verifiable information, you realize it requires 30 minutes for every gadget. Assuming you utilized closely resembling cost assessing, you'd increase the 105 gadgets by 30 minutes to get a gauge of 3,150 minutes or 52 hours, 30 minutes.
Analogous estimating is fundamentally contrasting one task with one more comparative in size and intricacy at the undeniable level and is utilized when there is restricted data free.
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which of these represents a kind of change that is necessary for an organization to achieve the focus it needs to make needed transfer missions and work it does feel to stay competitive in the current or larger organization, larger market environment, or societal environment? group of answer choices
Market environment and business environment are phrases used in marketing to describe the dynamics and conditions that have an impact on a company's capacity to create and sustain fruitful client connections.
The phrase "totality of physical and social elements that are directly taken into consideration in the decision-making behavior of persons in the organization" is used to characterize the . The following are the three environmental levels: Internal environment: The Market environment organizational components utilized internally to develop, communicate, and deliver market products. Local factors that impact its capacity to service its clients in the external micro environment. External macroenvironment: the wider social influences that influence an organization's ability to survive, such as the economic
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which of the following types of sales resistance is most common but usually not the most important issue?
Price concerns types of sales resistance is most common but usually not the most important issue. According to the findings of McKinsey's most recent economic conditions outlook study, cost hikes.
Sales resistance is the tendency of a buyer to express reservations or worries in order to avoid purchasing an item or service. Discover instances of the two forms of sales resistance—reasoned and objective or emotional—as well as the definition of each. Consider yourself a sales representative for a major department store. It is your responsibility to ensure that every client that enters the store is informed of the most recent promotion, which is a "buy one, get one free" deal on shirts. At the start of your shift, you discover that many prospective customers are interested in the deal you are promoting, but as the day wears on, you discover that some clients are unwilling to accept the sale you are offering.
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quantities are 4,000, 3,000, 7,500, and 3,000 for products a, b, c, and d, respectively. (round your answer to the nearest integer.)
The Paasche index for year 5 if products quantities are 4,000, 3,000, 8,000, and 3,000 for products A, B, C, and D, respectively is 167.
Paasche price index or Paasche index is one of consumer price index used to measure the change in the price and quantity of a basket of products relative to a base year price and quantity. Paasche index calculates inflation and how it impacts the consumer purchasing patterns
Paasche price index could be calculated using this formula:
Paasche price index = ∑(Pi,t) x (Qi,t) x 100
∑(Pi,0) x (Qi,0)
where:
Pi,0 = price of individual item at base year
Pi,t = price of individual item at observation period
Qi,t = quantity of individual item at observation period
From the case, we know that:
Products Q5 S1 S5 Q5xS1 Q5xS5
A 4,000 10.50 15.90 42,000 63,600
B 3,000 16.25 33.00 48,750 99,000
C 8,000 12.25 18.40 98,000 147,200
D 3,000 20.00 35.50 60,000 106,500
Total 248,750 416,300
Using the Paasche price index formula, we get:
Paasche price index = 416,300 x 100
248,750
Paasche price index = 167.36
Paasche price index ≈ 167
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Complete Question:
A certain manufacturing company has the following data on quantities shipped and unit costs for each of its four products
(in the attached picture bellow)
Use the price data to compute a Paasche index for the shipping cost if year 5 quantities are 4,000, 3,000, 8,000, and 3,000 for products A, B, C, and D, respectively (Round your answer to the nearest integer).
I5 =
all of the following items are advantages to borrowers under the fha insured loan programs except the____
All of the following items are advantages to borrowers under the FHA insured loan programs except absence of prepayment penalties.
The FHA mortgage insurance shields lenders from financial losses brought on by borrower default. The insurance premiums paid on each loan that the FHA insures are what pay for the protection that the FHA insurance offers to lenders.
There has been a Federal Housing Administration since 1934. In order for lenders to offer loans with lower down payments, fewer closing fees, and easier credit qualifying, it was created to improve home ownership.
Your down payment or closing charges may be paid for with funds from your business accounts. The lender may next request your business tax reports, and you may be asked to include those financials in your application.
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Occupations, robots are replacing humans. As it turns out, robots make very good house cleaners, but very poor guidance minants of demand for the two services are roughly similar, you would expect the demand for human guidance counselors to be the demand for human house cleaners. One factor that affects the elasticity of demand for labor is its share of total production costs. The smaller labor's share of production costs, the elasticity of demand for labor. The year is 2033. In many occupations, robots are replacing humans. As it turns out, robots make very good house cleaners, but very poor guidance counselors. Assuming the other determinants of demand for the two services are roughly similar, you would expect the demand for human guidance counselors to be the demand for human cleaners. One factor that affects the elasticity of demand share of total production costs. The smaller labor's share of production costs, the the elasticity of demand for labor.
As it turns out, robots make very good house cleaners, but very poor guidance minants of demand for the two services are roughly similar, you would expect the demand for human guidance counselors to be less elastic than the demand for human house cleaners.
RobotsThe study of robots is known as robotics. Robots are machines that can do tasks. Some robots can do tasks on their own. Other robots must always be instructed on what to do. ROBOTS is a periodical of IEEE Spectrum, the flagship publication of the IEEE, the world's biggest technical professional organization dedicated to technological growth. ROBOTS contributes to IEEE's aim of advancing technology for mankind and the engineering profession, as well as introducing students throughout the world to careers in technology.
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if a country is initially at its steady-state level of capital stock, which of the following will not result in economic growth in future years, ceteris paribus ?
if a country is initially at its steady-state level of capital stock, which of the following will not result in economic growth in future years, ceteris paribus continuing investment at its current rate.
Capital Stock is the term used in the financial industry to describe all of the shares used to divide ownership of a business or company. Based on the total number of shares, each share of stock represents a small portion of the company's ownership. This typically entitles the shareholder to that percentage of the company's earnings, cash from the sale of company assets, or voting rights, allocating these things frequently in proportion to the amounts provided by each stockholder. Not all classes of stock are created equal; some may have enhanced voting privileges, no voting limitations, or a particular priority to receive profits or liquidation proceeds ahead of or behind other classes of shareholders.
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bigs law firm received $1,000 in advanced on may 1 from a client for a case to be completed next month.
Debit Unearned revenue $300
Credit Revenue $300
Being entries to recognize revenue earned on completion of job.
On receipt of the $1,000 in advance on May 1, the entries posted are;
Debit Cash account $1,000
Credit Unearned revenue $1,000
Being entries to recognize the amount received in advance.
On completion of work worth $300, the required entries are;
Debit Unearned revenue $300
Credit Revenue $300
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Complete Question is - Bigs Law Firm received $1,000 in advanced on May 1 from a client for a case to be completed next month. During the month of May, Bigs completed $300 worth of work.
The journal entry to record the revenue earned would be:________
If you were selected for this grant, how would you use the funds in the next year?
The funds from the grant if selected would be used to take care of a business funding.
What is a grant?To finance your ideas and initiatives for delivering public services and boosting the economy, the government may provide grants. Numerous programs included in the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance, including vital recovery activities, ground-breaking research, and others, are supported through grants
Grants are one of several types of financial aid provided by the federal government. The phrase "federal financial aid" refers to a wide range of methods the American government uses to allocate funds to those who qualify. Opportunities for grants and cooperation agreements from federal agencies that offer grants are listed on a government website.
Creating the funding opportunity, accepting applications, deciding on awards, and effectively executing the award are all steps in the grant process' linear lifespan.
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with a approach in retailing, a manager is assigned the responsibility for selecting all products that consumers in a market segment might view as substitutes for each other, with the objective of maximizing sales and profits in this grouping.
The approach in retailing where a manager is assigned responsibility for selecting products that consumers in a market segment might view as substitutes is Category management.
Category management is a business strategy that involves organizing products into distinct categories and managing them as individual units. This approach is often used in retail and wholesale industries, where products are grouped into categories based on their characteristics, such as type, brand, or price. Using this strategy, a manager is tasked with choosing every product that customers in a market sector would consider to be a substitute for one another, with the goal of maximizing sales and profits in this grouping.
Category management is designed to help businesses better understand their product mix and the market demand for each category and to develop more effective and efficient ways of managing and promoting those products. By using category management, businesses can create more focused and targeted marketing and sales strategies and can improve their overall performance and profitability.
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which of the following is used at hewlett-packard for building relationships with key players that will determine a project's success?
Hewlett-Packard uses MBWA to establish connections with individuals who are important to a successful completion of a project.
Which of the preceding is essential for a project to be a success?
Projects that: 1) satisfy customer requirements; 2) are executed and operated on deadline; 3) are delivered and sustained under expense; and 4) provide the anticipated business value and profitability are considered successful.
Consumers choose the project's limitations, and their contentment is ultimately what determines the success of the implementation.
Which of the below describes the capacity to view ourselves through the eyes of others?
The process by which people build their sense of self on how they think others perceive them is known as the "looking-glass self." People use social communication as a kind of "mirror," evaluating their personal importance, goals, and actions against what others think of them.
Which of the following is crucial for a project coordinator to manage and lead successfully?
A talented communicator
The most important skill is communication because it is so important for managing projects, groups, and other consumers.
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identify the components of a business that make up its operations. (check all that apply.) multiple select question. human resources marketing information systems sales forecasts audits
Human resources, marketing information systems, sales forecasts, and audits are the key components of business operations.
What are business operations?A wide range of activities are referred to as business operations. In essence, it refers to what a business does on a daily basis to remain operational and generate revenue. Therefore, those operations can vary greatly from one organization to the next.
As a company expands, business activities change. Management should make plans to adapt to these changes to keep the system running smoothly. For instance, if a small firm expands, it must be prepared to manage new challenges like capacity, legal, and marketing issues. Errors and omissions will occur if the company does not adapt to the changes in business operations.
Consider an internet retailer. Their typical business operations could consist of:
Marketing and order processing.Web development and design.Sales Inventory control.fulfillment and storage.To know more about business operations, follow link:
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When a machine does work what is a trade off?; How can a machine make work easier for you?; What does a machine actually do?
Trading exists among geographical areas because of the comparative gain within the production of tradable commodities. for example, bananas which can be produced inside the tropics are sold to those who live in chillier areas of the world.
Intraday Trading: This buying and selling kind makes you purchase and sell your stocks at the same day earlier than the marketplace closes. You want to track your marketplace role the complete day, looking for a terrific opportunity to promote your shares. Intraday trading is a extraordinary approach of making fast earnings supplied you make investments in the machine stocks.
Day traders open and near a position at some point of the equal day to earnings off the charge changes of a sure economic instrument. for example, let's consider you open a new role of a certain stock at nine a.m., then near that equal position with that same inventory at three p.m. you will have simply completed a day alternate.
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The three classifications on the statement of cash flows are cash flows from (Select all that apply.)
business activities.
discontinued activities.
financing activities.
investing activities.
operating activities.
The three classifications on the statement of cash flows are cash flows from financing activities (OPTION C). The net change in cash and cash equivalents entering and leaving a business is referred to as cash flow.
Money received and spent represents inflows and outflows, respectively. Spending that occurs in the normal course of business is included in cash flow from operations. business, the cost of items sold, rent, and utility bills are a few examples of these cash outflows. Cash outflows from corporate operations may vary significantly if they are highly seasonal. The precise amounts of a company's cash inflows and outflows over time are displayed in a cash flow statement.
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on july 1, year 1, a company obtained a 2-year 8% note receivable for services rendered. at that time, the market rate of interest was 10%. the face amount of the note and the entire amount of the interest are due on june 30, year 2. interest receivable at december 31, year 1, was
The face amount of the note and the entire amount of the interest are due on June 30, year 2. interest receivable at December 31, year 1, was 4% of the face amount of the note.
The notional amount is the value printed on the face of the financial instrument. Term usually refers to the amount stated on the bond certificate that the issuer is obliged to pay at maturity of the bond. This denomination is usually set at $1,000.
Notional is what the words and numbers on the printed page of a financial instrument literally mean. The notional amount is often used in the context of life insurance and refers to the amount expected to be paid to the deceased beneficiary at the time of loss or maturity of the policy.
Life insurance face value, or face value, is the amount an insurance company pays to a beneficiary if the policyholder dies. For example, if you purchase a $100,000 life insurance policy, the face value of the policy is $100,000.
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group decision-making can be improved and the problems of process loss avoided if groups make sure to do all of the following except
The problems of process loss can be avoided and the effectiveness of group decision-making can be improved if the group makes sure to do all of the following, except focus on seeking consensus between group members. Hence, the correct option is (B).
What is a Group Decision-Making?Group decision-making is a situation that is commonly found in companies where each member of the group gives their opinion about the right solution to a problem. This group decision-making is very useful in solving problems with the most optimal solution in a company because each member will have their own skills and knowledge which makes each solution have its own advantages. After all, solutions are given, the superior will choose the alternative with the lowest level of risk.
The question is incomplete, but most probably your question was:
The problems of process loss can be avoided and the effectiveness of group decision-making can be improved if the group makes sure to do all of the following, except
A. A person works harder than others
B. Focus on seeking consensus between group member
C. Every member expresses their opinion
Hence, the correct option is (B).
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Under IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which of the following is NOT one of the steps to be applied in the recognition of revenue across a wide range of transactions and industries? Multiple Choice Identify the contract with a customer. Identify the separate performance obligations in the contract, Do not separate the transaction price for separate performance obligations if the contract is a bundled contract where goods and services are not sold separately Determine the transaction price.
Do not separate the transaction price for separate performance obligations if the contract is a bundled contract, is NOT one of the steps to be applied in the recognition of revenue across a wide range of transactions and industries.
The Five-Step Model is used by IFRS 15 to recognize and measure revenue.
* List the agreement(s) with customers (Initial Recognition).
* List the performance requirements (Initial Recognition).
* Calculate the transaction price (Initial Measurement).
* Distribute the Transaction Price (Initial Measurement).
* As soon as performance obligations are met, recognize the revenue (Recognition).
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TRUE/FALSE. warranties are generally open to customers returning the product for a broad range of reasons beyond specific product performance problems
False, Warranties are generally limited to specific product performance problems.
Why are Warranties generally limited?
Warranties are typically limited in order to protect the manufacturer or seller from excessive liability if a product fails to perform as expected. The warranty limits typically specify the duration of coverage, the type of product covered, and the circumstances under which the warranty can be used.
What does Liability mean?
A person's or entity's financial obligations or potential legal responsibility for a given situation is referred to as liability in law. It is frequently used when an individual or business owes money to another person or entity, or when an individual or business is legally responsible for an accident or other incident that results in a financial loss.
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Airbnb is an online marketplace used by many travelers when booking lodging all over the world. The company serves as a broker, receiving commissions from each booking. Guests have the opportunity to give a review to their host once their lodging is complete. New York City (NYC) is known for high lodging prices. We took a random sample of 343 Airbnb listings and recorded many variables including price per night (in dollars) and number of reviews (count). We would like to study the relationship between price (in dollars) and number of reviews (counts) for all Airbnb listing in NYC The scatterplot displays the relationship between these two variables. Some summary statistics and R output for a linear regression analysis are also shown below.
The scatterplot displays the relationship between these two variables. Some summary statistics and R output for a linear regression analysis is $119.92.
Complete the following statement:
Approximately 23.41% of the variation in Listed price per night ($) is accounted for by the linear relationship with Number of reviews.
The total sum of squares= 3830110.
The sign is negative taken from the sign of the regression coefficient.
One Airbnb listing had 235 reviews. What would the predicted price for this listing and what is the corresponding residual (if the actual price was $328)?
The estimated regression is : listed price=351.95437-0.61222*235
listed price=351.95437-143.87217=208.0822
The predicted price =$208.08 and the corresponding residual =328-208.08=$119.92
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Explain the role projects play in the strategic management process?
In the strategic management process, projects play a key role in helping organizations achieve their strategic goals and objectives.
What is strategic management?
Strategic management is the process of defining an organization's direction and making decisions on allocating its resources to pursue this direction. It involves analyzing the organization's internal and external environment to identify opportunities and threats, and then formulating and implementing strategies to take advantage of those opportunities and mitigate those threats.
Projects are temporary endeavors that are undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. They are a key tool for implementing strategic initiatives and can help organizations achieve their long-term goals by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable pieces.
In the strategic management process, projects can serve several purposes:
Implementing strategies: Projects can be used to put strategies into action by defining specific tasks, assigning responsibilities, and setting deadlines.Measuring progress: Projects provide a way to track progress towards strategic goals and objectives, allowing organizations to assess whether they are on track to achieve those goals.Allocating resources: Projects allow organizations to allocate resources, such as time, money, and personnel, in a targeted and efficient manner.Reducing risk: By breaking strategic initiatives down into smaller projects, organizations can reduce the risk of failure and more easily adapt to changes in the internal or external environment.Hence, the role of projects in the strategic management process is to help organizations achieve their long-term goals and objectives by providing a structured way to implement strategies, measure progress, allocate resources, and manage risk.
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carryall, inc., makes and sells small cargo trailers to individuals and small businesses. since its opening in 1990, it has allocated indirect costs (idc) to its three manufacturing plants based on direct materials cost per unit. each plant builds different models and sizes. because of advances in automation and materials, judy, the cfo plans to use build-time per unit as the new basis. build-time is the average number of work-hours to complete a trailer. however, she initially wants to determine what the allocation would have been this year had the build-time basis been used
Indirect costs are expenses that are incurred but cannot immediately be linked to a particular project or organisational activity.
What are indirect costs?Any expense that is indirectly connected with two or more final cost objectives or an intermediate cost target rather than directly with a single, ultimate cost objective is referred to as an indirect cost. It is not considered to be a direct cost. Indirect costs are those that must still be assigned to the various cost objectives after direct costs have been identified and charged directly to the contract or other job.
If additional costs incurred for the same purpose under comparable conditions have been included as a direct cost of that or any other final cost aim, no indirect costs may be assigned to that objective.
Hence, indirect costs are expenses that are incurred but cannot immediately be linked to a particular project or organisational activity.
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