For conducting chemical reactions, electrochemical methods rely on electrochemical cells to supply the necessary voltage and current.
How are electrochemical cells dependent on them?
Electrochemical cells, which are machines that use electricity to move ions from one electrode to another, are the foundation of electrochemical methods. I
In an electrochemical cell, a voltage source provides the energy required to move the ions while also driving their motion. A chemical reaction between the electrodes and the ions is sparked by this energy, and the result is a current.
The concentration of the electroactive species in the solution is then determined using the current generated. As a result, electrochemical cells are necessary for electrochemical methods. Chemical reactions can also be used to create energy in electrochemical cells.
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Part A - CI - I - OH - C2H5 Rank from largest to smallest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
As atomic number increases, priorities rise. Iodine is therefore given precedence over bromine, oxygen is given less importance. Carbon has a lower priority than oxygen since it has a lower atomic number.
What is carbon?All life on Earth depends on carbon for its chemical structure. The amount of carbon that exists on Earth now is the same as it has always been. Carbon creates essential compounds like protein and DNA when new life is created. Additionally, it can be found in our atmosphere as carbon dioxide, or CO2.
What components makes up carbon?The nucleus of a carbon atom is made up of six protons and six neutrons, and it is encased in six electrons. According to quantum physics, the first two electrons must occupy the innermost atomic orbital, while the wavefunctions of the following four electrons only partially fill the second standard and three second principal orbitals.
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1-8: Atomic Emission Spectra
Excited electrons that revert to the ground state result in atomic emission spectra.
What is an atomic emission spectra?The pattern of lines created when light goes through a prism to separate it into the various light frequencies it contains is termed as an atomic emission spectrum.Four distinct lines can be seen when light from a hydrogen gas discharge tube is split by a prism. A separate electron transition from a higher energy state to a lower energy state corresponds to each of these spectral lines. Each element's atomic emission spectrum is distinct.To know more about atomic emission spectra visit
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What 1. a is the indicalox generally aded to the titrant or the analyte in a titrnation? standard used in this experiment (name and formula)? Define z a What is the primary standare a primary standard
The indicator is generally added to the titrant in a titration. The primary standard used in this experiment is potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7).
Indicators are generally added to the titrant, not the analyte, in a titration. The primary standard used in this experiment is potassium permanganate (KMnO₄).
The indicator is generally added to the titrant in a titration in order to indicate the endpoint of the titration. The primary standard used in this experiment is potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), which is a substance that is used to calibrate the Volhard method.
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What is an element in which the highest occupied s and p sublevels are filled?
An element in which the highest occupied s and p sublevels are filled is called a noble gas or an inert gas.
The noble gases are a group of elements in the periodic table that are located in the far right column, these elements are helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn).
The noble gases have a full valence shell, meaning that their outermost electron shell is filled with the maximum number of electrons. This gives them a stable electron configuration and makes them unreactive with other elements. Because of this, they are also referred to as "inert" gases.
Noble gases are chemically unreactive due to their filled valence shells, which makes them a unique group of elements and they are used in a wide range of industrial and medical applications.
If the pressure of each gas is increased at constant temperature until condensation occurs, which gas will condense at the lowest pressure?
A) Octane
B) Ethane
C) Butane
D) All the gases will condense at the same pressure
If the pressure of the each gas is increased at a constant temperature until condensation occurs, Then a) octane will condense at the lowest pressure.
Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the air is converted to liquid water. It is the opposite of evaporation. Condensation is essential for the water cycle as it causes the formation of clouds. Condensation is the process by which the physical state of matter changes from the gas phase to the liquid phase. For example, condensation occurs when water vapor (a gas) in the air contacts a cooler surface and turns into liquid water. Octane is a gasoline additive that modern engines need to function properly. Sources of octane have taken many forms over the years. Ocatne will condense at the lowest pressure.
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is a defense mechanism in which an individual acts exactly the opposite of his/her unacceptable impulses. a. projection b. sublimation c. denial d. reaction formation
The correct Option is (D), Reaction formation is a defense mechanism in which an individual acts exactly the opposite of his/her unacceptable impulses.
Describe sublimation.In sublimation, the form is altered without the essence. Converting the outlet or means of expression out of something negative and improper to a more positive or acceptable entails changing anything from solid to vapor in the physical sense.
How does heat change during sublimation?Molecules are transferred from the solid phase to a gas phase during sublimation. Because substances always release the heat while freezing because the solid phase has a lower energy than that of the liquid phase, Efus(sl)>0.
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Use the data given below to construct a Born-Haber cycle to determine the bond energy of O2.
\Delta H°(kJ)
Na(s) --> Na(g) 107
Na(g) --> Na+(g) + e- 496
O(g) + e- --> O-(g) -141
O-(g) + e- --> O2-(g) 878
2 Na(s) + 1/2O2(g) --> Na2O(s) -416
2 Na+(g) + O2-(g) --> Na2O(s) -2608
Answer Options:
a. 426 kJ
b. 852 kJ
c. 498 kJ
d. 356 kJ
e. 249 kJ
O2 has a -498 kJ/mol bond energy.
How do you define bond energy and its unit?Measure of Bond Energy
The symbol for it is typically H. Bond energy is measured in kcal/mol, often known as kJ/mol, or kilojoule/mol. It should be noticed that the bond energy is consistently positive. The favourable indication results from the energy being supplied to disrupt the chemical bonds.
What does bond enthalpy refer to?Bond enthalpy, often referred to as bond-dissociation enthalpy, average bond energy, or bond strength, is a term used to indicate how much energy is held in a bond between atoms in a molecule. In particular, it refers to the additional energy required for the homolytic or symmetrical cleavage of a bond in the gas phase.
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a tank contains 1.5 moles of gas a, 2.0 moles of gas b, and 2.5 moles of gas c. if the total pressure of the gas mixture is 0.80 atmospheres, what is the partial pressure of gas a?
The term "partial pressure" refers to the amount of pressure that each gas in a mix exerts. A mole fraction of the a gas,x, can also be used to formulate Dalton's law.
The partial pressure formula: what is it?
Partial pressures can be calculated in one of two ways: 1) To determine the individual pressures of each gas in a mixture, use PV = nRT. 2) Determine the proportion of pressure from of the total pressure that may be assigned to each single gas by using the molar concentration of each gas.
What is the name for partial pressure?
The idea of partial pressure is derived from the fact so each individual gas contributes to the overall pressure in a given proportion, which corresponds to its partial pressure. In order to characterise all the pieces, it is essentially equivalent to taking a percent or proportion of the whole.
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briefly describe how uranium-235 can be made unstable. write a nuclear equation to represent this process
The nuclear fission of U-235 is a process of radioactive decay in which the heavy nucleus of Uranium-235 which absorbs a neutron first and then it ultimately converts into a an unstable nucleus of Uranium-236 which eventually bifurcates into the lighter elements and additional neutrons.
One of the fissile isotopes that undergo an important and crucial nuclear fission reactions is U-235 which in turn forms a chain reaction. A nuclear fission can be defined as a process of radioactive decay where a heavier nucleus splits further into the two or more lighter elements by absorbing a neutron and releasing its multiples along with great amount of energy.
Taking up the example of Uranium-235, when it's bombarded with small neutrons, the nucleus of U-235 absorbs one of them and turns to heavier U-236 which remains unstable for an infinitesimal time. This U-236, undergoes a phase where fission occurs and it releases three neutrons and produce Kr-92 and Ba-141 along with enormous amount of energy and gamma rays.
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if a cation forms an insoluble percipitate with cl[AgCl] according to le chatelier's principle which direction is favoredadded to insoluble
According to Le Chatelier's principle, if a cation forms an insoluble precipitate with [AgCl], the direction that is favored when added to the system is for the precipitate to form.
When a cation is added to a solution containing Ag+ ions and Cl- ions, it can form an insoluble precipitate with AgCl if it is one of the cations that are capable of doing so. This will cause AgCl to come out of the solution and form a solid precipitate.
This reaction is exothermic, releasing heat, and the formation of the precipitate will consume Ag+ and Cl- ions, which will decrease the concentration of the ions in the solution.
By consuming the reactants, the formation of the precipitate will cause the reaction to shift to the right, in the direction of the formation of the precipitate. This is in agreement with Le Chatelier's principle which states that a system at equilibrium will shift to counteract the changes imposed on it.
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Put the steps of the Edman degradation in the correct order (not all the steps are used): Indentify the phenylthiohydantion Extract the derivatized amino acid treat with 6M HCl Treat with phenyl isothiocyanate Treat with triflouroacetic acid Treat with dinitroflourobenzene
1. Identify the phenylthiohydantion: This step involves identifying the amino acid to be degraded using an appropriate reagent that will react with the amino acid to form a new compound called a phenylthiohydantoin.
What is phenylthiohydantoin ?Phenylthiohydantion (PTH) is a chemical compound that is used as a reactant in organic synthesis.
2. Extract the derivatized amino acid: This involves extracting the phenylthiohydantion from the reaction mixture by using an appropriate solvent.
3. Treat with 6M HCl: This step involves treating the extracted phenylthiohydantion with 6M HCl, which will cleave the peptide bond and produce the free amino acid and a thiohydantoin derivative.
4. Treat with phenyl isothiocyanate: This step involves treating the thiohydantoin derivative with phenyl isothiocyanate, which will form a phenylthiocarbamoyl derivative.
5. Treat with trifluoroacetic acid: This step involves treating the phenylthiocarbamoyl derivative with trifluoroacetic acid, which will hydrolyze the derivative and release the amino acid as a phenylthiohydantoin derivative.
6. Treat with dinitrofluorobenzene: This step involves treating the phenylthiohydantoin derivative with dinitrofluorobenzene, which will further degrade the derivative into its component parts.
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For NO2−, write an equation that shows how the anion acts as a base. Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.
For C7H5O2−, write an equation that shows how the anion acts as a base.
Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.
Expert Answer 100%
The chemical reaction in which NO2^- acts as a base is; H30^+(1) + NO2^- (aq) HNO2(aq) +
H2O(1)
According to the Brownstead - Lowry definition of acids and bases, an acid is any substance that donates a proton while a base is any substance that accepts a proton. Hence, the NO2^- ion acts as a base in reactions where it accepts a proton to yield its conjugate acid.
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gaseous methane ch4 will react with gaseous oxygen o2 to produce gaseous carbon dioxide co2 and gaseous water h2o. suppose 14. g of methane is mixed with 39.0 g of oxygen. calculate the minimum mass of methane that could be left over by the chemical reaction. round your answer to 2 significant digits.
Since oxygen consumes more methane than the available, we conclude that methane is the limiting reactant, for which it will be completely consumed, therefore, no remaining methane will be left over.
What does the combination of methane and oxygen make?Insufficient amounts of oxygen, and methane burns to give off carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). When it undergoes combustion it produces a great amount of heat, which makes it very useful as a fuel source.
Is the mixture of oxygen and methane explosive?Methane forms explosive mixtures with air and the loudest explosions occur when one volume of methane is mixed with 10 volumes of air. Air containing less than 5.5% methane no longer explodes.
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What factor does not play an important a significant role in the extent of harm upon exposure to a chemical? (a) Dose (b) Length of exposure (c) State (d) Path of exposure
State not play an important a significant role in the extent of harm upon exposure to a chemical.
What is meant by chemical?
Any material with a known composition is a chemical. To put it another way, a chemical always consists of the same "substance."There are some substances in nature, like water. Chlorine and other chemicals are made at factories.Examples of flammable liquids include benzene, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, hexane, and pyridine. Other examples include methanol, ethanol, acetone, xylene, toluene, ethyl acetate, and tetrahydrofuran.All of these things are made of chemicals, some natural and others synthetic, including air, water, iron, fuel, clothing, stones, furniture, plastics, plants, and food.Chemicals can be made up of several different chemicals or they can be single chemical molecules like water. Nitrogen, oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, and other substances are all present in air.To learn more about chemical refer to
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the structure of crestor (rosuvastatin), a medication used to reduce cholesterol, is shown. if the specific rotation for this compound is known to be 100, what would be the specific rotation for the stereoisomer shown at the right?
Rosuvastatin is a dihydroxymonocarboxylic acid that is used to treat (6E) -7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino] Two hydroxy substituents are present at positions 3 and 5 in the compound 6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl hept-6-enoic acid (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).
What kind of medication is rosuvastatin?Since its introduction, rosuvastatin has lived up to its initial expectations as a very effective statin that has positive effects on HDL, demonstrates a decline or cessation in the atherosclerotic burden, and lowers cardiovascular events in reduced patients.
When should rosuvastatin be taken?Rosuvastatin is typically used once daily. Since you can use it whenever you choose, it's better to consume it at the exact hour each day. Taken with or without food, rosuvastatin typically won't make you feel sick.
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A 0.100 M solution of ethylamine (C2H5NH2) has a pH of 11.87. Calculate the Kb for ethylamine.
According to the question: the Kb for ethylamine is 7.59 x 10^-14.
What is ethylamine?Ethylamine is an organic compound with a chemical formula of C2H7N. It is a colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor.
Kb is the acid dissociation constant for bases. It is defined as the equilibrium constant for the reaction in which a base reacts with water to form its conjugate acid and hydroxide ions:
B + H2O → HB+ + OH-
The Kb for ethylamine can be calculated using the equation:
Kb = [HB+][OH-] / [B]
For a 0.100 M solution of ethylamine, the concentration of ethylamine is 0.100 M and the pH is 11.87.
First, we need to calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions ([OH-]) from the pH.
The pH of a solution is equal to the negative logarithm of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions ([H+]):
pH = -log[H+]
Therefore, the molar concentration of hydroxide ions ([OH-]) can be calculated as:
[OH-] = 10^-pH = 10^-11.87 = 7.59 x 10^-12 M
Now, we can calculate the Kb for ethylamine as:
Kb = [HB+][OH-] / [B]
= (7.59 x 10^-12 M) / (0.100 M)
= 7.59 x 10^-14
Therefore, the Kb for ethylamine is 7.59 x 10^-14.
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how much of the water (in ml) contains 170 mg of pb? (assume a density of 1.0 g/ml.)
170 mg of Pb is equal to 0.17 g of Pb. Since the density of water is 1.0 g/ml, that would be the same as 0.17 ml of water. So, the answer is 0.17 ml of water contains 170 mg of Pb.
What is density?The density of a substance (volumetric relative density but rather specific mass) is its mass per unit volume. The most common symbol for density is (the lower case Greek letter rho), but the Latin letter D is also an option. It is sometimes modified by the dimensionless value "relative density" as well as "specific gravity," i.e. the ratio of the denseness of the material compared to a standard material, usually water, to simplify density comparisons across different systems of units. As a result, a relative density below one in relation to water indicates that the substance hovers in water.
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what volume of 0.210 m ethanol solution contains each of the following number of moles of ethanol?
0.47 mol ethanol
1.24 mol ethanol
1.3×10−2 mol ethanol
a) 0.47 mol ethanol having volume about 2.24 liters.
b) 1.24 mol ethanol having volume about 5.9L.
c) 1.3×10⁻² mol ethanol having volume about 0.062L.
How many moles are there in the formula?The ratio of a substance's given mass in a chemical reaction to the mass of one mole of that substance determines the number of moles of that substance. The Avogadro number, or 6.023×10²³, is equal to one mole of any substance.
We have 0.210M ethanol solution
Molarity = no of moles /v in ml
0.47 mol ethanol
0.210M = 0.47/ /v in liters
v in liters = 0.47/0.210
v in liters = 2.24 liters
1.24 mol ethanol
0.210M = 1.24/ /v in liters
v in liters = 1.24/0.210
v in liters = 5.9L
1.3×10⁻² mol ethanol
0.210M = 1.3×10⁻² /v in liters
v in liters = 1.3×10⁻²/ 0.210m
v in liters = 0.062L or 62ml.
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substances can sometimes be separated from one another using fractional distillation. this technique can be used when the substances have different:
Boiling Points - Fractional distillation uses temperature to separate substances. It works by heating a mixture until its components vaporize.
What is Fractional distillation?Fractional distillation is a process used to separate mixtures of liquids that have different boiling points. It is an essential technique used in chemical laboratories and the petroleum and petrochemical industries. This process involves heating a mixture of liquids to its boiling point, then cooling and condensing the vapors, and collecting the resulting fractions of the mixture.
The vapors are then passed through fractionating columns which have different boiling points, allowing the substances to separate. The vapors that have the lowest boiling points are collected first, followed by the ones with higher boiling points.
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Which of the following elements would you expect to gain electrons in chemical changes?
a. nitrogen
b. strontium
c. iodine
d. gold
e. tungsten
As a non-metal, nitrogen will gain one electron. Iodine will gain an electron because it is a non-metal. Since tungsten is a metal, nitrogen normally gains three electrons.
What substances gain electrons during chemical reactions?In contrast, nonmetals typically add or share electrons to finish their valence shells. With the exception of hydrogen and helium, all nonmetals have an entirely full valence shell of eight electrons.
In a chemical process, which of the following elements is most likely to gain an electron?Most likely, chlorine will gain an electron. A fully populated shell is a relatively stable arrangement when taking into account the energy states of an atom.
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You are developing a solution on Microsoft Azure. The data at rest layer must meet the following requirements:
Encryption at rest using AES-256
Automatic key rotation every 90 days
Compliance with SOC 2, SOC 3, PCI DSS, and HIPAA standards
Azure Disk Encryption is a good solution to encrypt data at rest using AES-256 and automatic key rotation every 90 days. Azure also has certifications for SOC 2, SOC 3, PCI DSS, and HIPAA, so using Azure services can help you meet those compliance standards. Another solution to consider is Azure Key Vault, which allows you to manage and rotate encryption keys for data at rest, and can also help with compliance requirements.
Give the structure that corresponds to the following molecular formula and^1H NMR spectrum: C_5H_0: ? 1.5, s
There is only one signal despite the substance having the chemical composition C5H10.
C5H10. Also take note of the one degree of unsaturation, which can be interpreted as either an alkene or a cyclic system. Since an alkene would provide at least two distinct signals (protons on carbons implicated in the alkene bond and protons on carbons close to it), this chemical must be cyclic. Each proton (and hence each carbon) must be the same because there is only one signal. Thirteen hydrocarbon isomers' chemical formula is C5H10 (represented by their CAS numbers on the chart). Cycloalkanes and alkenes can be made from them.
With these restrictions, only one structure is viable.
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What are the numbers of neutrons of the first 20 elements
The discrepancy between the atomic masses and the masses number of the atomic (M) is equal to the amount of neutrons (Z).
What function does a neutron serve?In contrast to the hydrogen nucleus, which has a single proton, neutrons are necessary for the durability of nuclei. Nuclear fusion or fission generate a ton of neutrons. Through fusion, fusion, and spontaneous fission processes, they are a major contributor to the planetary formation of fundamental particles within stars.
Hydrogen = 0 neutrons
Helium = 2 neutron
lithium=4 neutron
beryllium=5 neutron
boron = 6 neutron
carbon = 6neutron
nitrogen=7n
oxygen= 8n
fluorine= 10n
neon= 10n
sodium= 12n
magnesium= 12n
aluminum = 14 n
silicon= 14n
phosphorus= 16n
sulphur= 16n
chlorine= 18 n
argon= 22 n
potassium= 20n
calcium= 20n
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There are many compounds composed of nitrogen and oxygen compare the formulas for nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide
The comparison of the formulas for nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide is: The formula for nitrogen monoxide (NO) is NO and the formula for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is NO2.
What is their difference?Nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are both compounds made up of nitrogen and oxygen.
The difference between the two lies in the number of oxygen atoms present in each molecule.
NO contains one oxygen atom, while NO2 contains two oxygen atoms. NO is commonly known as nitric oxide and is a colorless and odorless gas that acts as a signaling molecule in the body.
NO2, on the other hand, is a reddish-brown gas that has a sharp, pungent odor and is a toxic air pollutant.
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does an identical cylinder with the same pressure of hydrogen contain more molecules than a cylinder of oxygen because hydrogen molescules are smaller
An identical cylinder containing hydrogen at the same pressure as a cylinder containing oxygen will contain more hydrogen molecules because hydrogen gas (H2) has a lower molar mass than oxygen gas (O2). This means that there are more H2 molecules in a given volume at a given pressure, as compared to O2.
Because hydrogen gas (H2) has a smaller molar mass than oxygen gas, an identical cylinder holding hydrogen at the same pressure will hold more hydrogen molecules (O2). This indicates that compared to O2, there are more H2 molecules in a given volume at a given pressure.
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the empirical formula of a compound is SF6, and molar mass is 146.06g/ mol. find its molecular formula
Answer:
the molecular formula = SF6
Explanation:
firstly we have to list the firmulas we r goin to use to work out the molecular formula.
n=mass of compound ÷mass of empirical formulamolecula formula=n×empirical formulanow we use the 1st formula to find n which will be substituted into the molecular formula
We are going to take the mass we have been given in the question as the mass of the compound and substitute it to the formula.
Then we will work out the mass of empirical formula for the compound: Sulphur; 32 flourine;19 SF6_ 32+6(19)=146
now we finish off n
n=146.06÷146=1.000410959n=1Lastly we work out the molecula formula
mf=(S1F6)1 ;S 1×1=1 ;F 1×6=6mf=SF6the final answer will therefore be SF6
upon reacting a solution of silver nitrate and copper metal yield 0.0175 mles of solid silver. what is the mass of this product
Answer:
2.009315 grams
Explanation:
0.0175 moles is equal to 2.009315 grams.
The reaction below has an equilibrium constant Kp=2.2×106 at 298 K.2COF2(g)⇌CO2(g)+CF4(g)A. Calculate Kp for the reaction below.4COF2(g)⇌2CO2(g)+2CF4(g)B. Calculate Kp for the reaction below.23COF2(g)⇌13CO2(g)+13CF4(g)C. Calculate Kp for the reaction below.CO2(g)+CF4(g)⇌2COF2(g)D. Predict whether reactants or products will be favored at equilibrium for each of the above reactions.
The equilibrium constant for reaction A is 4.84×1012, B is 3.35×1034, and C is 4.5510^-7.
A. The equilibrium constant for the reaction 4COF2(g)⇌2CO2(g)+2CF4(g) is Kp = (Kp for 2COF2(g)⇌CO2(g)+CF4(g))^2 = (2.2×106)^2 = 4.84×1012
B. The equilibrium constant for the reaction 23COF2(g)⇌13CO2(g)+13CF4(g) is Kp = (Kp for 2COF2(g)⇌CO2(g)+CF4(g))^(23/2) = (2.2×106)^(23/2) = 3.35×1034
C. The equilibrium constant for the reaction CO2(g)+CF4(g)⇌2COF2(g) is Kp = 1/(Kp for 2COF2(g)⇌CO2(g)+CF4(g)) = 1/(2.210^6) = 4.5510^-7
D. In the first reaction 4COF2(g)⇌2CO2(g)+2CF4(g) products will be favored at equilibrium because Kp > 1. In the second reaction 23COF2(g)⇌13CO2(g)+13CF4(g) products will be favored at equilibrium because Kp > 1. In the third reaction CO2(g)+CF4(g)⇌2COF2(g) reactants will be favored at equilibrium because Kp < 1
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if 1.24 l of a gas is at standard temperature and pressure is compressed to 451 ml, what is the new pressure of the gas in atm (hint, temperature stays the same)?
The new pressure of the gas is 2.75 atm.
Standard temperature and pressure refers to the conditions at temperature 0°C or 273K and pressure 1 atm.
According to Boyle's law, "The volume of a given amount of gas held at constant temperature varies inversely with the applied pressure when the temperature and mass are constant. "
This means that with the increase in volume increases, there will be a decrease in pressure and vice versa.
This gas law equation is represented as:
P₁V₁ =P₂V₂
where,
P₁ and P₂ are initial and final pressure respectively.
V₁ and V₂ are initial and final volume respectively.
Given here,
P₁= 1 atm
V₁= 1.24 L
V₂= 451 ml = 0.451 L
To find: P₂
using the equation,
P₁V₁ =P₂V₂
⇒1 × 1.24 L = P₂ × 0.451 L
⇒ P₂ = 2.75 atm
Thus, the new pressure is 2.75 atm
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C4 quiz
Sodium chloride can be made as follows: 2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl
Calculate the maximum amount of NaCl possible if 2.3 g of sodium was reacted with excess chlorine. Show all your workings
(Ar Na = 23, Ar Cl = 35.5)
The maximum amount of NaCl possible would be 5.85 grams.
Stoichiometric problemFrom the balanced equation of the reaction, the mole ratio of sodium that reacts to sodium chloride that is formed is 1:1. Thus, the first thing would be to convert the mass of the sodium given to its mole equivalent.
Mole = mass/molar mass
Mole of 2.3 g sodium = 2.3/23 = 0.1 mol
Since the mole equivalent of the sodium that reacts is 0.1, the mole equivalent of the sodium chloride that is produced will also be 0.1 since the mole ratio is 1:1.
Thus, the mass of 0.1 mol sodium chloride can be deduced as follows:
Mass = mole x molar mass
Molar mass of NaCl = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5 g/mol
Mass of 0.1 mo of NaCl = 0.1 x 58.5
= 5.85 grams.
In other words, the maximum amount of sodium chloride that can be formed from the reaction of 2.3 g of sodium with excess chrlorine will be 5.85 grams.
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