a) initial is 80.12°C and final temperature is 181.28°C b) Initial vapor mass is 2kg and liquid water is 0.7923 kg c) Heat transfer is 324.09 kJ
Law of thermodynamics:
ΔU = Q - W
Find initial state:
Specific volume of the mixture from the tables, which is [tex]0.9505 m^3/kg[/tex].
(a) Water has gone pressure condition (assumption). We can use the steam tables to find the specific volume of the water at the end of the process:
The specific volume of the water: [tex]0.9505 m^3/kg.[/tex]
Volume increases by 20%, so final: [tex]1.1406 m^3/kg[/tex].
Pressure: 500 kPa.
Saturation temperature: 500 kPa is 153.97°C.
Therefore, water is superheated region.
Specific volume water is: [tex]1.1406 m^3/kg.[/tex]
Temperature 181.28°C.
Initial temperature: 80.12°C
Final temperature: 181.28°C.
(b) Water is in pressure under piston.
The specific volume of water: [tex]0.9505 m^3/kg[/tex].
The pressure increases to 500 kPa: superheated vapor region:
Vapor specific volume: [tex]1.4074 m^3/kg[/tex].
Use ideal gas law:
V = m * v
V = [tex]2 kg * 1.4074 m^3/kg = 2.8148 m^3[/tex]
Since volume increases by 20%, initial volume is[tex]2.3457 m^3[/tex].
Use ideal gas law:
P * V = m * R * T
m = P * V / (R * T)
where R: gas constant
At 500 kPa and 181.28°C, the value of R * T is 298.48 kJ/kg.
Substituting:
m = [tex]500 kPa * 2.3457 m^3 / (0.4615 kJ/kg-K * 298.48 K) = 7.5768 kg[/tex]
Therefore, the mass of liquid water when the piston first starts moving is 3 - 7.5768 = -4.5768 kg.
It cannot be negative so therefore, some liquid water is present.
The specific enthalpy of the liquid water is 334.28 kJ/kg.
For saturated vapor = 2779.2 kJ/kg.
Initial enthalpy: 334.28 kJ.
Final pressure: 500 kPa
Final enthalpy:
[tex]H_final = H_initial + m_evap * (h_vap - h_liq)[/tex]
Substituting:
[tex]334.28 kJ + m_evap * (2779.2 kJ/kg - 334.28 kJ/kg) = H_finalH_final = 334.28 kJ + m_evap * 2444.92 kJ/kg[/tex]
Vapor specific volume: 1.4074 m^3/kg
Total volume:
[tex]V_final = V_initial + m_evap * v_vap[/tex]
Substituting:
[tex]2.3457 m^3 + m_evap * 1.4074 m^3/kg = V_final[/tex]
As 20% increase,
1.2 * V_initial = V_final
Substitute:
[tex]1.2 * 2.3457 m^3 = 2.8148 m^3 + m_evap * 1.4074 m^3/kgm_evap = (1.2 * 2.3457 m^3 - 2.8148 m^3)[/tex]
[tex]m_evap = (1.2 * 2.3457 m^3 - 2.8148 m^3) / 1.4074 m^3/kg = 0.2077 kg[/tex]
Mass of liquid when piston moves: 0.7923 kg.
c) To find work, use Thermodynamics 1st law:
Q = deltaU + W
Assume it is adiabatic process.
[tex]deltaU = m_evap * (u_vap - u_liq)[/tex]
The specific internal energy of the liquid water is 334.28 kJ/kg.
For saturated: 2594.2 kJ/kg.
Substitute:
deltaU = 0.2077 kg * (2594.2 kJ/kg - 334.28 kJ/kg) = 468.69 kJ
Work done is:
W = -P * deltaV
The specific volume of the liquid water is 0.0010441 m^3/kg.
The specific volume is 1.4074 m^3/kg.
Substitute:
deltaV = m_evap * (v_vap - v_liq)
Substituting:
deltaV = [tex]0.2077 kg * (1.4074 m^3/kg - 0.0010441 m^3/kg) = 0.2892 m^3[/tex]
Work done:
W = [tex]-500 kPa * 0.2892 m^3 = -144.6 kJ[/tex]
Heat transfer:
Q = [tex]deltaU + W = 468.69 kJ - 144.6 kJ = 324.09 kJ[/tex]
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The probability of fusion occurring is greatly enhanced when appropriate nuclei are brought close together, but mutual Coulomb repulsion must be overcome. This can be done using the kinetic energy of hightemperature gas ions or by accelerating the nuclei toward one another. (a) Calculate the potential energy of two singly charged nuclei separated by 1.00 x 10^-12. (b) At what temperature will atoms of a gas have an average kinetic energy equal to this needed electrical potential energy?
Electric potential energy = 8.99 x 10^-3 J and the temperature T = 2.01 x 10^7 K
What is the potential energy between two singly charged nuclei separated by a distance of 1.00 x 10^-12 m? Use Coulomb's constant (k= 8.99 x 10^9 N m^2/C^2) and assume the charges of the nuclei are +1. ?
where k is Coulomb's constant (k = 8.99 x 10^9 N m^2/C^2), q1 and q2 are the charges of the two nuclei (each with a charge of +1 since they are singly charged), and r is the separation distance between the nuclei (1.00 x 10^-12 m).
(a) The potential energy of two singly charged nuclei separated by a distance of 1.00 x 10^-12 m can be calculated using the Coulomb potential energy equation:
Electric potential energy = (k * q1 * q2) / r
where k is Coulomb's constant (k = 8.99 x 10^9 N m^2/C^2), q1 and q2 are the charges of the two nuclei (each with a charge of +1 since they are singly charged), and r is the separation distance between the nuclei (1.00 x 10^-12 m).
Plugging in the values, we get:
Electric potential energy = (8.99 x 10^9 N m^2/C^2) * (+1 C) * (+1 C) / (1.00 x 10^-12 m)
Electric potential energy = 8.99 x 10^-3 J
Therefore, the potential energy of two singly charged nuclei separated by a distance of 1.00 x 10^-12 m is 8.99 x 10^-3 J.
(b) We can use the average kinetic energy equation to find the temperature at which atoms of a gas will have an average kinetic energy equal to the electrical potential energy calculated in part (a):
(1/2)mv^2 = (3/2)kT
where m is the mass of a gas atom, v is the root-mean-square velocity of the atoms, k is Boltzmann's constant (k = 1.38 x 10^-23 J/K), and T is the temperature.
To solve for T, we can rearrange the equation:
T = (1/3)mv^2 / k
The mass of a gas atom can be approximated using the molar mass of the gas and Avogadro's number. Let's assume we are considering helium gas, which has a molar mass of approximately 4.00 g/mol. This is equivalent to approximately 6.64 x 10^-27 kg per helium atom.
The root-mean-square velocity of gas atoms can be found using the equation:
v = sqrt((3kT) / m)
We want to find the temperature at which the average kinetic energy of helium gas atoms is equal to the electrical potential energy calculated in part (a), so we can set (1/2)mv^2 equal to 8.99 x 10^-3 J:
(1/2)mv^2 = 8.99 x 10^-3 J
Substituting in the values for m and v, we get:
(1/2) * (6.64 x 10^-27 kg) * [(sqrt((3kT) / m))^2] = 8.99 x 10^-3 J
Simplifying, we get:
sqrt(3kT / m) = sqrt(2 * 8.99 x 10^-3 J / 6.64 x 10^-27 kg)
sqrt(3kT / m) = 2427.5 m/s
Squaring both sides, we get:
3kT / m = (2427.5 m/s)^2
Solving for T, we get:
T = (m / 3k) * (2427.5 m/s)^2
Substituting in the values for m and k, we get:
T = (6.64 x 10^-27 kg / (3 * 1.38 x 10^-23 J/K)) * (2427.5 m/s)^2
T = 2.01 x 10^7 K
therefore the temperature was found to be about T = 2.01 x 10^7 K
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consider two cars moving along the same straight road in opposite directions. car a has a mass of 500kg 500 k g and has a constant speed of 20m/s 20 m / s ; car b has a mass of 800kg 800 k g and a constant speed of 15m/s 15 m / s . what can you say about the net forces on the cars?
The net force on each car is zero, and both cars will continue to move at their constant speeds without any acceleration or change in direction.
According to Newton's third law of motion, every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
Let's calculate the magnitude of the force exerted by car A on car B and vice versa:
The force (F) is given by the formula:
[tex]F = m * a[/tex]
where m is the mass of the car and a is the acceleration it experiences.
When the two cars pass each other, the acceleration of each car is zero because their speeds are constant. Therefore, the net force on each car is zero, and the force exerted by car A on car B is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted by car B on car A.
The force exerted by car A on car B is:
[tex]F_{AB} = m_A * a_A[/tex]
where [tex]m_A = 500 kg[/tex] and [tex]a_A = 0 m/s^2[/tex] (constant speed)
[tex]F_{AB} = 500 kg * 0 m/s^2 = 0 N[/tex]
Similarly, the force exerted by car B on car A is:
[tex]F_{BA} = m_B *a_B[/tex]
where [tex]m_B = 800 kg[/tex] and [tex]a_B = 0 m/s^2[/tex] (constant speed)
[tex]F_{BA} = 800 kg * 0 m/s^2 = 0 N[/tex]
As we can see, both forces are zero. Therefore, the net force on each car is zero, and both cars will continue to move at their constant speeds without any acceleration or change in direction.
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jane sat in a chair and exercised a knee extension. the knee angle changed at a consistent rate from 90 degrees to 150 degrees in 2 seconds. shank length was 0.4 m. calculate (a) angular displacement of the knee, (b) angular velocity of the knee, (c) angular acceleration of the knee, (d) angular distance of the foot, (e)
Answer:
Explanation:
Angular velocity is measured in angle per unit time or radians per second (rad/s). The rate of change of angular displacement is angular velocity.
Displacement in such motion is in the form of angle and hence known as angular displacement.
...
\theta = wt + 1/2 \alpha t^{2}
\theta the angular displacement of the object
s distance covered by the object on the circular path
r the radius of curvature of the given path
\omega initial angular velocity
t time
what can be said about the tonight's night sky in these two places? what can be said about the tonight's night sky in these two places? the sky will have completely different sets of constellations. the sky will look about the same. the sky will have partially different sets of constellations.
Option A is correct, While their longitudes are different, Beijing and Philadelphia are essentially at the same latitude. As a consequence, both of these places will have a similar night sky tonight.
Because of the Earth's orbit of the sun, the apparent locations of the star's various constellations in the night sky fluctuate throughout the year. The latitude of the observer and the Earth's rotation, however, govern the locations of the stars and constellations at any given moment.
The same stars as well as constellations would be visible in both Beijing and Philadelphia since they are located at a similar latitudes.
The night sky will appear to spin around a particular perspective for each location, however, because of their varying longitudes, which will cause some variations in the constellations that are visible.
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The question is -
Beijing and Philadelphia have about the same latitude but very different longitudes. what can be said about tonight's night sky in these two places?
a. the sky will have completely different sets of constellations.
b. the sky will look about the same.
c. the sky will have partially different sets of constellations.
Balancing a centrifuge requires that all tubes in the load:
A. have an equal amount of liquid of the same viscosity.
B. are of equal size and shape.
C. have a partner directly across in the rotor holder.
D. All of the above
All of the tubes in the load must have an opposite mate in the rotor holder in order for the centrifuge to be balanced. Option C is correct.
Different laboratories employ centrifuges to separate fluids, gases, or liquids based on density. Centrifuges are frequently employed for the purification of cells, organelles, viruses, proteins, and nucleic acids in both research and clinical facilities.
The division of whole blood components using a centrifuge is an example of its utilisation in a clinical environment. Various tests call for serum or plasma, which can be obtained using centrifugation.
By allowing a full blood sample to coagulate at room temperature, serum may be extracted. After centrifuging the sample, the clot is eliminated, leaving a serum supernatant.
In contrast to serum, plasma is made from whole blood that has not been allowed to clot and contains both serum and clotting agents. A full blood sample is drawn into anticoagulant-treated tubes in order to extract plasma.
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A train travels 478 km southwest along a straight
stretch. If the train is displaced south by 42 km, what is
the train's displacement to the west?
The displacement of the train to the west is 478 km.
What is the train's displacement to the west?To find the displacement to the west, we need to use the Pythagorean theorem, which states that in a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse (the straight-line distance from the starting point to the ending point) is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of the other two sides.
Let's call the displacement to the west "x". Then, the displacement to the south is 42 km, and the total displacement (the distance traveled by the train) is 478 km. Using the Pythagorean theorem, we can write the following equation:
x^2 + 42^2 = 478^2
Expanding the squares:
x^2 + 42^2 = 478^2
x^2 + 1764 = 229284
x^2 = 227620
x = 478 km
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a student stands at the edge of a cliff and throws a stone horizontally over the edge with a speed of vi 5 18.0 m/s. the cliff is h 5 50.0 m above a body of water as shown in figure p4.13. (a) what are the coordinates of the initial position of the stone? (b) what are the components of the initial velocity of the stone? (c) what is the appropriate analysis model for the vertical motion of the stone? (d) what is the appropriate analysis model for the horizontal motion of the stone? (e) write symbolic equations for the x and y components of the velocity of the stone as a function of time. (f) write symbolic equations for the position of the stone as a function of time. (g) how long after being released does the stone strike the water below the cliff? (h) with what speed and angle of impact does the stone land?
(a) The initial position of the stone is at the edge of the cliff, so the x-coordinate is 0 and the y-coordinate is the height of the cliff, h = 50.0 m.
(b) The stone is thrown horizontally, so the initial velocity in the x-direction, vx, is 18.0 m/s and the initial velocity in the y-direction, vy, is 0 m/s.
(c) The appropriate analysis model for the vertical motion of the stone is projectile motion under constant acceleration due to gravity.
(d) The appropriate analysis model for the horizontal motion of the stone is uniform motion with constant velocity.
(e) The equations for the x and y components of the velocity of the stone as a function of time can be written as: vx = 18.0 m/s (constant)
vy = -gt (where g is the acceleration due to gravity, and t is time)
(f) The equations for the position of the stone as a function of time can be written as: x = vx t, y = h + vy t - 1/2 g t^2
(g) The stone strikes the water below the cliff after about 3.19 seconds.
(h) The stone lands with a speed of about 30.0 m/s and an angle of impact of about 26.5 degrees below the horizontal.
(g) To find the time it takes for the stone to strike the water below the cliff, we need to find the time at which y = 0.
Substituting y = 0 and h = 50.0 m into the equation for y, we get:
0 = 50.0 m - 1/2 g t^2
t = sqrt(2h/g)
= [tex]\sqrt{(2*50.0 m/9.81 m/s^2)[/tex] ≈ 3.19 s
(h) To find the speed and angle of impact,
we need to find the final velocity of the stone just before it hits the water.
The final velocity can be found using the equation:
v^2 = vx^2 + vy^2 + 2gy
Substituting the values we know, we get:
[tex]v^2 = (18.0 m/s)^2 + (-9.81 m/s^2)(3.19 s)^2 + 2(9.81 m/s^2)(50.0 m)[/tex]
v ≈ 30.0 m/s
The angle of impact can be found using the equation:
tan(theta) = vy/vx
Substituting the values we know, we get:
[tex]theta = tan^-1(vy/vx) = tan^-1\frac{(\frac{(-9.81 m/s^2)}{(3.19 s)}}{18.0} m/s)[/tex]
≈ -26.5 degrees
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(27) Pendulum A has a 2 kg mass attached to a 1-meter length string. Pendulum B has a 4 kg mass attached to a 0.5-
meter length string. What is the frequency of each string? Does the longer or shorter string have a higher
frequency?
The 1 meter long string
b. The 0.5 meter long string
c. They are the same
(28) A pendulum has a period of 8 seconds. What is the length and frequency of the string?
a. 0.13 Hz and 16.21 meters
c. 0.79 Hz and 640 meters
b. 16.21 Hz and 0.13 meters
d. 0.13 Hz and 1579.13 meters
a.
As the length of the string attached to the pendulum increases, its frequency decreases. Hence, the frequency of shorter string will be higher. The frequency of the string is 0.13 Hz and the length of pendulum is 16 m.
What is frequency ?Frequency of an oscillation is the number of wave cycles per unit time. It is the inverse of time period. As the length of the pendulum increases, the frequency of oscillation decreases. Therefore, the shorter pendulum will have greater frequency.
Given time period of pendulum = 8 s.
then length of pendulum L = T²/4π² g.
l = 8²/4×π² × 9.8 m/s² = 16 m.
Frequency of the oscillation is the inverse of its time period. Hence, the frequency of the pendulum for a time period of 8 Hz is :
1/8 = 0.13 Hz.
Therefore, option a is correct.
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Which of the curves in the figure shows an isobaric process?
A. horizontal
B. steep curve
C. a less steep curve
D. a very steep bend
Steep curve represents the isobaric processes in thermodynamics process.
In a thermodynamic process, an isobaric process is a process that occurs at a constant pressure. Therefore, the curve that shows an isobaric process would be a horizontal line on a graph where the y-axis represents pressure and the x-axis represents volume or temperature.
On the intuitive level, temperature is associated with notions hot” and cold”. The experience shows that if hot and cold bodies are brought in contact, their temperatures would eventually equilibrate. Consider a system in a thermal contact with the bath and make a quasi-static compression or expansion of the system plotting its states in the (P, V ) diagram.
As the bath is large, its temperature remains unchanged and as the process is slow, the temperature of the system will have the same unchanged value. In this way one obtains the isothermal curve, or isotherm, in the (P, V ) plot.
Hence the correct option is b.
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For a certain transverse wave, the distance between two successive maxima is 0.548 m and eight maxima pass a given point along the direction of travel every 11.4 s. Calculate the wave speed.
Answer:
Explanation:
Wave speed = distance between two successive maxima / time for eight maxima to pass = 0.548 m / 11.4 s = 0.048 m/s
at maximum performance, a particular engine performs 19800 j of work in 95 minutes. what is its power rating?
The power rating of an engine that has maximum performance which performs 19800 j of work in 95 minutes is 3.46kW.
Power is calculated by the equation Power = Work / Time.
Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred or converted. It is the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed from one form to another. It is commonly expressed in watts (W) or joules per second (J/s). Power is the product of work and time. The amount of work done is determined by the amount of time it takes for the work to be completed, and the amount of power is determined by the amount of work accomplished in a given amount of time.
Power rating = 19800 J / (95 minutes x 60 seconds/minute)
Power rating = 19800 J / 5700 s
Power rating = 3.46 kW
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An inclined track is secured to a table. The height of the highest point of the track above the tabletop is h1. The height from the tabletop to the floor is h2. A block of mass M is released from rest and slides down the track such that all frictional forces are considered to be negligible. The block leaves the track horizontally and strikes the ground at a distance D from the edge of the track as shown. Which of the following statements is correct about the scenario? Select two answers.
A) If the block is released from a height 2h1, the block will land at a distance 2D
away from the end of the track.
B) If the block’s mass is increased to 2M, the block will land at a distance 2D
away from the edge of the track.
C) The total mechanical energy of the system containing only the block increases from the moment of release to the moment it strikes the ground.
D) The total mechanical energy of the block-Earth system remains constant.
The statement that is correct about the scenario is
C) From the moment of release to the moment it hits the ground, the system's total mechanical energy, which just contains the block, grows.
D) The block-Earth system's overall mechanical energy stays constant.
What is an inclined plane?It also goes by the name ramp. Objects placed on an inclined plane will slide down the surface with acceleration due to the uneven force acting on it.
Think of a ball rolling at an angle on an inclined surface without friction. Such a ball will be affected by the gravitational force and the normal force, two independent forces.
Therefore, the correct options are C and D.
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What does oscillation and propagation mean?
Oscillation is the regular back and forth motion of a periodic wave, while propagation is the process of transferring a signal from one point to another. Oscillation and propagation are important concepts in physics and engineering, as they are used to understand, model, and control the behavior of various physical systems. Oscillation and propagation are also used to understand and manipulate the behavior of light, sound, and other forms of energy.
Use the diagram above to answer the question.
If a box of 20.91 kg is sliding down the ramp at an angle of 40.29 at a constant velocity, what is the force of friction acting on the box?
Type your answer...
The frictional force is -156 N.
What is the force of friction?Friction is the force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact. Frictional force acts in the opposite direction of the intended motion and acts to slow down or stop an object from moving. The magnitude of the frictional force depends on several factors, including the types of surfaces in contact, the normal force acting on the object, and the coefficient of friction between the two surfaces.
In this case, we can see that the frictional force would act in the opposite direction thus its magnitude would be;
Frictional force = - mgcosθ
= -20.91 * 9.8 * cos 40.29
= -156 N
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How much energy is released if 278 kg of aluminum cools from 698 K to 298 K?
Answer:
Explanation:
Q=278*126.85*900=31,737,870J
riding the elevator, is the normal force on you larger than, smaller than, or equal to your weight under each of the following circumstances? why? (a) the elevator is moving down and coming to a stop. (b) the elevator is moving up and coming to a stop. (c) the elevator is moving up, speeding up. (d) the elevator is moving down at constant speed.
Your perceived weight is equal to the normal force. Therefore, when the elevator accelerates upward or downward, you truly feel a little heavier than usual and a little lighter than usual.
(a) The normal force on you is larger than your weight when the elevator is moving down and coming to a stop. This is because the normal force is the force that the floor exerts on you in order to prevent you from falling downwards, and the acceleration of the elevator is greater than the acceleration of gravity.
(b) The normal force on you is equal to your weight when the elevator is moving up and coming to a stop. This is because the acceleration of the elevator and the acceleration of gravity are the same, so the normal force is equal to the force of gravity.
(c) The normal force on you is larger than your weight when the elevator is moving up and speeding up. This is because the acceleration of the elevator is greater than the acceleration of gravity, so the normal force is greater than the force of gravity.
(d) The normal force on you is equal to your weight when the elevator is moving down at constant speed. This is because the acceleration of the elevator is equal to the acceleration of gravity, so the normal force is equal to the force of gravity.
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three massive spheres are connected to a rod of very small mass. consider the moment of inertia of the system, first when it is rotated about sphere a, and then when rotated around sphere b. are the moments of inertia the same or different? justify your answer.
To calculate the moments of inertia of the system, we would need to know the masses and positions of the spheres relative to the axis of rotation.
The moment of inertia of an object is a measure of its resistance to rotational motion. It depends on both the mass and the distribution of mass within the object. When a system of spheres connected by a rod is rotated about one of the spheres, the distribution of mass in the system will be different compared to when it is rotated about a different sphere.
To determine whether the moments of inertia of the system when rotated about sphere a and sphere b are the same or different, we need to consider the distribution of mass in each case. If the system is symmetric about both spheres, then the moments of inertia will be the same. However, if the distribution of mass is different, then the moments of inertia will be different.
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A nasa orbiter recently captured craters and formations on mars that resembled the face of which animal?
A NASA orbiter recently captured craters and formations on mars that resembled the face of a bear's face.
NASA’s Mars surveillance orbiter camera captured an unusual conformation that — much to the delight of scientists and space watchers looked like the shape of a bear’s face, hundreds of millions of long hauls down.
The “ nose ” is actually a hill in the shape of the letter V; its “ eyes ” are two small, crooked craters, according to the University of Arizona, which participated its analysis of the print last week.
The circle making up the “ head ” — what the university called “ the indirect fracture pattern ” — “ might be due to the settling of a deposit over a buried impact crater. ”
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at a football tryout, a player runs a 40-yard dash in 4.25 seconds. if he reaches his maximum speed at the 16-yard mark with a constant acceleration and then maintains that speed for the remainder of the run, determine his acceleration over the fi rst 16 yards, his maximum speed, and the time duration of the acceleration.
Acceleration of the player over the first 16 yards is 48/t^2 = 140.68 m/s^2, the maximum speed is 48/t = 80.86 m/s (or about 181 miles per hour), and the time duration of the acceleration is 0.593 seconds.
First, we can find the acceleration :
[tex]d = (1/2)at^2[/tex]
[tex]t = sqrt(2d/a) = sqrt(2*14.63/a)[/tex]
[tex]t2 = 4.25 - t1[/tex]
We can use equations of motion for uniform acceleration for maximum speed. The equations are:
[tex]v = u + at[/tex]
[tex]s = ut + (1/2)at^2[/tex]
[tex]v^2 = u^2 + 2as[/tex]
where u is the initial velocity, v is the final velocity, s is the distance covered, a is acceleration.
[tex]v = u + at = at[/tex]
[tex]v^2 = u^2 + 2as[/tex]
[tex]v^2 = 2as[/tex]
Substitute expressions for v and s from two equations,
[tex]a^2t^2 = 2a(24)[/tex]
[tex]a = 48/t^2[/tex]
[tex]v = at[/tex]
[tex]v = 48t/t^2 = 48/t[/tex]
To find the time duration of the acceleration, we can solve the equation for t in terms of a:
[tex]t = sqrt(2d/a) = sqrt(2*14.63/a)[/tex]
[tex]t = sqrt(2*14.63/(48/t^2)) = 0.593 seconds[/tex]
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if his or her reaction time is 3.56429 s, how fast will (s) he be traveling when (s)he reaches the deer? answer in units of m/s. www.physicsforums
The velocity of the motorist when he/she reaches the deer is calculated to be 9.96 m/s.
Speed of the motorist is given as 12 m/s.
The maximum acceleration is given as -6 m/s².
Distance = 39 m
Let x be the distance traveled by motorist in his/her reaction time.
Remaining 39-x will be travelled with -6 m/s².
Let us find x with the known values,
s = 39 - x
v = 0
u = 12 m/s
v² - u² = 2 a s
0 - 12² = 2 (-6) (39-x)
-144 = -12 (39-x)
(39-x) = 12
39 - 12 = x
x = 27 m
So, the motorist travelled 27 m in his/her reaction time.
12 t = 27
t = 2.25 s
b) If the reaction time is 3.56 s,
Then distance traveled in his reaction time,
x₀ = 12 × 3.56 = 42.72 m
Remaining distance = 39 - 42.72 = -3.72 m
Motorist is ahead by 3.72m.
Its velocity when it reaches the deer,
v² - u² = 2 a s
v² - 12² = 2 (-6) (3.72)
v² = 144 - 44.62
v² = 99.36
v = 9.96 m/s
The given question is incomplete. The complete question is 'A motorist traveling at 12 m/s encounters a deer in the road 39 m ahead. If the maximum acceleration the vehicle’s brakes are capable of is −6 m/s², what is the maximum reaction time of the motorist that will allow her or him to avoid hitting the deer? Answer in units of s. 015 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points If his or her reaction time is 3.56429 s, how fast will (s) he be traveling when (s)he reaches the deer? Answer in units of m/s.'
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If the operating temperature is 490° kelvin, determine the following assuming µn and µp values of 400 cm2/v. S and 150 cm2/v. S, respectively:
The values of electron mobility (µn) and hole mobility (µp) are 400 cm2/V·s and 150 cm2/V·s, respectively, the electrical conductivity can be calculated using formula: σ = ne(µn + µp)
Where σ is the electrical conductivity in units of S/m (siemens per meter), n is the charge carrier density in units of m-3, and e is the elementary charge in units of coulombs.
Converting given mobilities to SI units, we have:
µn = 4.0 × 10-3 m2/V·s
µp = 1.5 × 10-3 m2/V·s
T = 490 K
Substituting values :
σ = ne(µn + µp)
= (1019 cm-3) × (1 m/100 cm)3 × (1.6 × 10-19 C) × (4.0 × 10-3 m2/V·s + 1.5 × 10-3 m2/V·s)
= 6.496 S/m
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A cup dropped from a certain height which breaks into peices what energy changes are involved?
In a case whereby a cup dropped from a certain height which breaks into peices the energy changes that are involved are:
the potential energy that the cup has is converting into kinetic energy.when that cup falls down to ground the kinetic energy is converted into sound energy.What is meant by energy conversion?The process of turning one form of energy into another is known as energy conversion. Since energy is a variable that is capable of conservation, any change in energy in systems can only be made by removing or adding energy from it.
First, because of its height, it possesses potential energy (P.E. ), which when dropped transforms into kinetic energy (K.E. ), which pushes the object downward, as well as heat energy through friction and collisions with air molecules. Its K.E is transformed into sound energy as it hits the ground, and some energy is used to break the cup into pieces.
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What is the vapor pressure of a sugar solution dependent on?
Answer:
Explanation:
The vapor pressure of a sugar solution is dependent on several factors:
Concentration of the solution: The concentration of the sugar solution affects its vapor pressure. As the concentration of the solution increases, the vapor pressure also increases. This is because there are more solute particles in the solution, which can escape into the air as vapor.
Temperature: The vapor pressure of a solution is also affected by temperature. As the temperature of the solution increases, the vapor pressure increases, which can result in more solute particles escaping into the air as vapor.
Nature of the solute: The nature of the solute also affects the vapor pressure of a solution. Different solutes have different vapor pressures, and the vapor pressure of a solution depends on the vapor pressure of the solute itself.
Nature of the solvent: The nature of the solvent also affects the vapor pressure of a solution. Different solvents have different vapor pressures, and the vapor pressure of a solution depends on the vapor pressure of the solvent itself.
In general, the vapor pressure of a sugar solution is dependent on the concentration of the solution, the temperature of the solution, the nature of the solute, and the nature of the solvent. Understanding the relationship between these factors can help to predict the vapor pressure of a sugar solution and understand how it changes under different conditions.
the 30-kg pipe is supported at a by a system of five cords. determine the force in each cord for equilibrium.
Force in each cord for equilibrium is T_A = 42.2 N, T_B = 20.0 N, T_C = 10.0 N, T_D = 6.7 N, and T_E = 5.0 N.
The force in each cord supporting a 30-kg pipe, we can apply the principles of static equilibrium. Static equilibrium occurs when the net force and net torque on an object are both zero.
In this case, the pipe is being supported by five cords. Let's label the cords A, B, C, D, and E. Since the pipe is not accelerating, the net force on the pipe must be zero. This means that the total upward force provided by the cords must balance the downward force of the weight of the pipe.
To calculate the force in each cord, we can use the principle of the conservation of momentum. Assuming the pipe is stationary, we know that the momentum of the system is constant, and we can apply the principle of moments to determine the tension in each cord. We can take moments about point A, where cord A is attached.
Let T_A, T_B, T_C, T_D, and T_E be the tension forces in cords A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. By taking moments about point A, we have:
T_B * 3 + T_C * 6 + T_D * 9 + T_E * 12 = 30 * g * 3
where g : acceleration due to gravity. Since the pipe is in equilibrium, the sum of the tension forces in the cords must also be equal to the weight of the pipe, or:
T_A + T_B + T_C + T_D + T_E = 30 * g
We now have two equations and two unknowns, T_A and T_B. Solving these equations simultaneously, we obtain:
T_A = 42.2 N
T_B = 20.0 N
T_C = 10.0 N
T_D = 6.7 N
T_E = 5.0 N
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a 200-km-long high-voltage transmission line 2.0 cm in diameter carries a steady current of 1000 a. if the conductor is copper with a free charge density of 8.5 x 1028 electrons per cubic meter, how long (in years) does it take one electron to travel the full length of the cable?
It would take one electron approximately 271 million years to travel the full length of the transmission line, assuming a steady current of 1000 A and a copper conductor with a free charge density of 8.5 x 10^28 electrons per cubic meter.
This is due to the fact that the drift velocity of electrons in a conductor is very slow, typically on the order of millimeters per second, even though the current itself may be flowing at much higher speeds.
[tex]v_d = I / (nAq)[/tex]
We can rearrange this equation to solve for the time it takes for an electron to travel a distance d:
[tex]t = d / v_d = (dqA) / I[/tex]
[tex]t = (200 km * 1000 m/km * 8.5 x 10^28 electrons/m^3 * (π(0.01 m)^2/4) * 1.6 x 10^-19 C/electron) / (1000 A)[/tex]
[tex]t = 8.53 x 10^15 seconds[/tex]
This is equivalent to approximately 271 million years.
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if the steel ball is shot horizontally off the table, how much time would it take the ball to hit the ground for each of the velocity settings of the launcher?
The time for a steel ball to hit the ground when shot horizontally off a table is independent of the initial velocity, and the formula is [tex]d = v_i*t + (1/2)at^2[/tex].
To decide the time it takes for a steel ball to stir things up around town when shot evenly off a table, we can utilize the conditions of movement, explicitly the kinematic condition:
[tex]d = v_i*t + (1/2)at^2[/tex]
where:
d is the distance voyaged
v_i is the underlying speed
an is the speed increase
t is the time
We can expect that the speed increase is because of gravity, which is steady and equivalent to [tex]9.81 m/s^2.[/tex]
Since the ball is shot on a level plane, its underlying vertical speed is zero. Accordingly, we can work on the situation to:
[tex]d = (1/2)at^2[/tex]
Settling for t, we get:
t = sqrt(2*d/a)
To decide the distance voyaged, we can utilize the way that the ball will follow an explanatory direction and will stir things up around town simultaneously it would have taken to fall upward from a similar level. Hence, we can involve the condition for the time it takes for an item to in an upward direction fall:
t = sqrt(2*h/g)
where h is the level of the table and g is the speed increase because of gravity.
Utilizing the trial information, we can decide the level of the table and the distance the ball goes prior to stirring things up around town for every speed setting of the launcher. Then, we can work out the time it takes for the ball to stir things up around town involving the condition for t.
The time it takes for the ball to stir things up around town will be the equivalent no matter what the speed setting of the launcher, as long as the ball is shot evenly with a similar starting level. This is on the grounds that the underlying speed in the level bearing doesn't influence the time it takes for the ball to upward fall.
This outcome is steady with the way that the time it takes for an item to fall upward just relies upon the level and speed increase because of gravity. Hence, failing upward from the table top to the floor beneath would bring about a similar time it takes for the ball to raise a ruckus around town when shot evenly off the table.
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The complete question is:
If the steel ball is shot horizontally off the table, how much time would it take the ball to hit the ground for each of the velocity settings of the launcher? Explain your answer using the equations of motion and your experimental data. How does this relate to the ball being dropped vertically from the table top to the floor below.
why do these two magnets attract each other
The force that magnets use to either attract or repel one another is known as magnetism. Electric charges in motion are what generate magnetism.
What is Magnetism?The smallest building blocks of matter are called atoms. There are electrons in every atom, which are charged particles. The electrons that make up an atom's nucleus, or core, spin like tops.
The magnetism of most things is cancelled out by the equal amounts of electrons that spin in opposing directions. Because of this, substances like fabric and paper are referred to as weakly magnetic.
Most electrons in materials like iron, cobalt, and nickel spin in the same direction. The atoms in these become this way.
Therefore, The force that magnets use to either attract or repel one another is known as magnetism. Electric charges in motion are what generate magnetism.
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A 65 kg teacher (including the parachute) is skydiving. As the parachute opens, the system experiences 1400 N air resistance (drag).
The force of gravity on the parachute/teacher system is ___ down. The net force is ___.
Choices:
637 N
65kg
1400 N
1400 N up
763 N down
763 N up
Gravity is a fundamental force of nature that exists between any two objects that have mass. It is an attractive force that pulls objects toward each other. The net force on the parachute/teacher system is 763 N up.
What is Gravity?The force of gravity is directly proportional to the masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the distance between them. The more massive the objects and the closer they are, the stronger the force of gravity between them.
The force of gravity on the parachute/teacher system is 637 N down.
[tex]F_gravity = m \times g[/tex]
Where m is the mass of the teacher and parachute system, and g is the acceleration due to gravity, which is approximately 9.8 m/s^2 near the surface of the Earth.
[tex]F_gravity = 65 kg \times 9.8 m/s^2 = 637 N down[/tex]
The net force is the vector sum of the forces acting on the system. In this case, there are two forces acting on the system: the force of gravity (637 N down) and the air resistance (1400 N up).
The net force is given by:
[tex]F_net = F_drag - F_gravity[/tex]
where [tex]F_drag[/tex] The air resistance [tex](1400 N[/tex]Up).
So,
[tex]F_net = 1400 N[/tex] [tex]up – 637 N[/tex] down = [tex]763 N[/tex]up
Therefore, the net force on the parachute/teacher system is [tex]763 N[/tex] Up.
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imad sets the charge of the left particle to 2, and the charge of the right particle to 0; then he and jacob observe what occurs. how does jacob describe the field lines?
The direction and intensity of the electric field close to the charged particles would be indicated by the electric field lines.
What is the physics of charged particles?It has been determined that a charged particle is one that possesses an electric charge. The atom at the atomic level is made up of a nucleus that the electrons orbit. The proton charge, which is 1.602 1019 Coulombs, is what gives the nucleus its positive charge because it is made up of neutrons and protons.
What are some instances of charged particles?The ability to conduct electricity is a characteristic of many fundamental, or subatomic, components of matter. As an illustration, protons and neutrons both have positive charges but electrons have a negative charge.
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a parallel-plate capacitor has 2.00-cm2 plates that are separated by 5.00 mm with air between them. (a) if a 12.0-v battery is connected to this capacitor, how much energy does it store? (b) if a dielectric with a constant of 2.56 were inserted between the plates with the battery attached, what would the energy stored become? (c) repeat (b) for the case where the battery had been disconnected before dielectric insertion.
a) The energy stored in the capacitor is 5.10 × 10⁻¹⁰ J.
b) The energy stored in the capacitor with the dielectric inserted is 1.04 × 10⁻⁹ J.
c) The energy stored in the capacitor with the dielectric inserted and the battery disconnected is 2.14 × 10⁻¹⁰ J.
The energy stored in a parallel-plate capacitor is given by the formula:
U = [tex]\frac{1}{2}CV^2[/tex]
where U is the energy stored, C is the capacitance, and V is the voltage across the capacitor.
(a) The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor is given by the formula:
C = [tex]\frac{\epsilon_0A}{d}[/tex]
where [tex]\epsilon_0[/tex] is the permittivity of free space, A is the area of the plates, and d is the distance between them.
Substituting the given values, we have:
C =[tex]\frac{(8.85 \times 10^{-12} \textrm{ F/m})(2.00 \times 10^{-4} \textrm{ m}^2)}{5.00 \times 10^{-3} \textrm{ m}} = 7.08 \times 10^{-12} \textrm{ F}[/tex]
The voltage across the capacitor is given by the battery voltage, which is 12.0 V. Substituting these values into the formula for energy, we have:
U = [tex]\frac{1}{2}(7.08 \times 10^{-12} \textrm{ F})(12.0 \textrm{ V})^2 = 5.10 \times 10^{-10} \textrm{ J}[/tex]
(b) When a dielectric is inserted between the plates, the capacitance increases. The new capacitance is given by the formula:
[tex]C' = \kappa C[/tex]
where [tex]\kappa[/tex] is the dielectric constant of the material.
Substituting the given values, we have:
[tex]C' = (2.56)(7.08 \times 10^{-12} \textrm{ F}) = 1.82 \times 10^{-11} \textrm{ F}[/tex]
The voltage across the capacitor remains the same, so the energy stored in the capacitor becomes:
[tex]U' = \frac{1}{2}(1.82 \times 10^{-11} \textrm{ F})(12.0 \textrm{ V})^2 = 1.04 \times 10^{-9} \textrm{ J}[/tex]
(c) If the battery is disconnected before the dielectric is inserted, the charge on the plates remains the same. However, the voltage across the capacitor decreases due to the increased capacitance. The new voltage is given by the formula:
[tex]V' = \frac{V}{\kappa}[/tex]
Substituting the given values, we have:
[tex]V' = \frac{12.0 \textrm{ V}}{2.56} = 4.69 \textrm{ V}[/tex]
The energy stored in the capacitor becomes:
[tex]U' = \frac{1}{2}(1.82 \times 10^{-11} \textrm{ F})(4.69 \textrm{ V})^2 = 2.14 \times 10^{-10} \textrm{ J}[/tex]
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