the descriptions that match the appropriate pedigree are Pedigree A: sex-linked recessive trait. Pedigree B: autosomal recessive trait. Pedigree C: autosomal dominant trait.
According to the dominant or recessive genes and their location, inheritance patterns refer to all the ways that qualities can be passed down through the generations (somatic or sex chromosomes).
What kinds of inheritance patterns are there?autosomal dominant inheritance distinguishes itself because the dominant allele entirely blocks the expression of the recessive gene, Even though the genotype contains both the dominant and recessive alleles, only the dominant trait will manifest. The dominant phenotype can only be expressed by one dominant allele.The expression of the recessive characteristic distinguishes autosomal recessive inheritance. These alleles must be present in two copies in order to express the recessive phenotype; dominant alleles are not present.Genes on one of the sex chromosomes are known as "sex-linked" inheritance. Genes are typically connected to the X chromosome. Only the chromosome and these genes with their matching alleles will be inherited.therefore,
Pedigree A describe the inheritance of a sex-linked recessive trait.Pedigree B descibe the inheritance of an autosomal recessive trait.Pedigree C describe the inheritance of an autosomal dominant trait.You can learn more about inheritance patterns at
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se the drop-down menus to complete each statement. during the third trimester, the fetus rapidly gains weight.
The third trimester is a continuation of fetal development. Your infant will begin to open his or her eyes, put on weight, and get ready to be delivered.
What takes place during a pregnancy's third trimester?Your fetus' size and weight continue to increase during the third trimester. The lungs are still developing, and the fetus is moving toward a head-down position. The fetus is roughly 19 to 21 inches long and weighs 6 to 9 pounds on average at the end of the third trimester.
What causes a third-trimester weight gain that is rapid?During the third trimester, many women will gain weight quickly. This is because, according to the Office on Women's Health (OWH), the fetus typically gains the most weight during this time.
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in africa and other parts of the world, malaria parasites can cause deadly illness. individuals who are heterozygous for sickle-cell anemia have some resistance to the malaria infection. this is known as
In Africa and other parts of the world, parasites of malaria can cause deadly disease. Individuals who are heterozygous for sickle-cell anemia possess some resistance to the malaria infection. This is known as heterozygote advantage.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease caused due change in one amino acid in the gene sequence of hemoglobin. This results in change of the shape of RBCs from oval to sickle-shaped. Such cells also have shorter life span than usual.
Heterozygote is the condition where a gene possess two alternating alleles. This can have various phenotypic effects as per the expression of the gene. In this condition only one allele may express its effect, both may express together or none of the may be able to express themselves effectively.
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Which of the following is not a phase of hemostasis? Vascular spasm Fibrinolysis Platelet plug formation Coagulation This site should give you that information. (Broken Link Removed)
Fibrinolysis is not a phase of hemostasis.
Hemostasis, also known as haemostasis, is a technique to stop bleeding by keeping blood inside a broken blood vessel. It is the initial phase of wound recovery. Coagulation, which turns blood from a liquid into a gel, is involved in this.
The process that causes a blood vessel to stop bleeding is known as hemostasis. It is a procedure with numerous connected steps. A "plug" is formed at the end of this chain of events, sealing off the bleeding-controlling blood vessel's injured area.
On the other hand, the process of fibrinolysis stops blood clots from developing and becoming dangerous. Secondary fibrinolysis is the breaking down of clots brought on by medications, medical conditions, or other factors as opposed to primary fibrinolysis, which is a natural bodily process.
The enzymatic disintegration of fibrin in blood clots is known as fibrinolysis. The fibrin mesh is cut by plasmin in a number of locations, resulting in circulating pieces that are removed by other proteases. Primary fibrinolysis occurs naturally throughout the body.
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researchers were analyzing cellular respiration in humans. they labeled the carbon atoms (c) in glucose with a tag that allowed them to follow where carbons went. they then made some cupcakes using the glucose that contained the labeled carbon atoms. they asked human test subjects to eat those cupcakes and attempted to follow where the labeled carbon atoms went. if the researchers were able to collect tissue samples from the human test subjects, where would they find those labeled carbons at the end of glycolysis? select only one answer choice.
They would find those labeled carbons at the end of glycolysis in the CO2 molecules.
In the CO2 molecules, they would discover those carbon atoms. Carbon dioxide finally absorbs all six carbons from the original glucose molecules. The atmosphere receives CO2 emissions from all six carbons.
A glucose molecule gradually decomposes into water and carbon dioxide during cellular respiration. In the processes that change glucose along the way, some ATP is directly created. But subsequently, during a procedure known as oxidative phosphorylation, substantially more ATP is generated.
At the conclusion of glycolysis, there are still six carbon molecules. This is so because the conversion of phosphoenol pyruvate to pyruvate, which is catalyzed by the enzyme pyruvate kinase, marks the end of glycolysis.
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Cell adjust its environment using homeostasis regulation is that’s true or false
Explanation:
Homeostasis refers to stability, balance, or equilibrium within a cell or the body. It is an organism’s ability to keep a constant internal environment. Homeostasis is an important characteristic of living things. Keeping a stable internal environment requires constant adjustments as conditions change inside and outside the cell. The adjusting of systems within a cell is called homeostatic regulation. Because the internal and external environments of a cell are constantly changing, adjustments must be made continuously to stay at or near the set point (the normal level or range). Homeostasis can be thought of as a dynamic equilibrium rather than a constant, unchanging state.
ethanol (drinking alcohol) is an inhibitor of adh. therefore, a person consuming a couple of mixed drinks should excrete group of answer choices less water because adh promotes reabsorption. more water because adh normally promotes reabsorption. more water and the alcohol due to the adh inhibition. ketone bodies formed from the alcohol. the alcohol because adh cannot degrade it.
A person consuming a couple of mixed drinks should excrete more water and the alcohol due to the ADH inhibition.
ADH refers to antidiuretic hormone. It is released from the pituitary gland present in the brain. Its secretion is important because it regulates the amount of water in the body. Chronic alcohol consumption accelerates ADH-related alcohol metabolism to a limited extent. Alcohol predominantly reduces the release of ADH in the body, which results in more urine production and lesser water retention in the body. All caffeinated products have similar effects on ADH as alcohol. Water retention by the body is important because it is important for the flow of electrolytes and maintains the osmotic balance in the body. Hormones secretion and many cellular activities depend upon water, hence proper secretion of ADH is necessary.
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when all puncta in both eyes are treated during the same encounter, the appropriate code is reported
When all puncta in both eyes are treated during the same encounter, the appropriate code is reported four times.
Repairing the lacrimal puncta, which are tiny apertures located in the inner canthus of the eyelids and are responsible for directing tears, is a technique that is performed often. In each eye, there is both an upper and a lower punctum. These are referred to as the puncta. As a result, you should submit the relevant code twice whenever both puncta in one eye are treated. According to CPT Assistant (June 1995), codes 68705 and 68760-68761 are recorded four times when all puncta in both eyes are treated. This results in a total of four puncta being treated.
EXAMPLE: Both of the patient's eyes were treated with laser surgery to close the puncta in the lacrimal gland. Please send in the following codes: 68760, 68760, and 68760.
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1. Which of the following regarding puberty is FALSE? Select one: a. Early signs of puberty include breast budding in girls and growth of the testes in boys. The first sure sign of puberty is menarche (first period) in women and nocturnal emissions (wet dreams) in men. b. A trigger is the maturation of the adrenal gland leading to production of androgens, which begins sometime between 6 and 8 years of age. c. It results in an increase of androgens in the female body and a decrease of androgens in the male body. d. In girls, it requires the proper fat/protein ratio for menarche to occur. 2. Which of the following is FALSE regarding what occurs during the typical female HPGA? Select one: a. Progesterone levels are low until the formation of the corpus luteum. b. Low progesterone levels following ovulation can shorten the luteal phase. c. Elevated LH stimulates the uterine endometrium, preparing it for implantation. d. Peak estrogen levels triggers LH synthesis. 3. What would happen to a manâs testosterone and LH levels if you blocked the release of GnRH by his hypothalamus? Select one: a. His LH levels would decrease and his testosterone levels would increase. b. His LH and testosterone levels would increase. c. His LH and testosterone levels would decrease. d. His LH levels would increase and his testosterone levels would decrease.
The choice truly is B, C, and C
Androgen hormones are often referred to as “male hormones”. In general, this hormone regulates everything related to the male reproductive organs. However, androgen hormones are also produced in the female body, but the amount is not much in men.
The menstrual cycle begins with the release of menstrual blood (menstruation), which marks the first day of the follicular phase. When the follicular phase begins, estrogen and progesterone levels are low. The ovulatory phase begins with limiting luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels. During the luteal phase, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone decrease. In this phase, the estrogen level is high. Progesterone and estrogen cause the uterine lining to thicken more, in anticipation of the possibility of conception.
In men, the function of the GnRH hormone is to stimulate the production of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) in the pituitary gland. LH is then carried by the bloodstream, binds to receptors on cells in the testicles, and then stimulates the formation of sperm cells.
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Which of the following statement is true about the endocrine system?
A Hormones are transported through the blood
B Hormones are secreted by target cells
C Hormones do not affect the growth and development
D The target cells do not require hormone receptors
The endocrine system is characterized by the secretion of hormones by target cells.
What about the endocrine system is true?Endocrine glands produce hormones into the bloodstream. As a result of this, the hormones can now reach cells throughout the body. The regulation of mood, development, metabolism, and reproduction is aided by the endocrine hormones. The endocrine system regulates how much of each hormone is released.
What are the traits of the endocrine system?Endocrine glands are ductless, their secretions are directly emptied into the circulation while exocrine glands have ducts. Endocrine glands are distinguished by their ductlessness, high degree of vascularization, and presence of intracellular vacuoles or granules that store hormones.
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jay has type b blood and his wife isha has type a blood. both of jay's parents have type ab blood and both isha's parents also have type ab blood what is the probablity that jay and isha's son abhi has type a blood?
There are two solutions to this problem, either:
1: Isha has the bigger part (:3)
2: or Isha has the smaller part (2:)
What is type b blood?Jay has type b blood and his wife isha has type a blood. both of jay's parents have type ab blood and both isha's parents also have type ab blood.
Isha = 3x = 600
solve for x:
x = 600/3 = 200
Then Roger has 2x = 2*200 = 400
600:400
6:4
3:2
the ratio complies, Isha has 600 and Roger 400
Isha = 2x = 600
x = 300
Roger = 3x = 3*300 = 900
600:900
6:9
2:3
the ratio complies, Isha has 600 and Roger 900.
Therefore, There are two solutions to this problem, either:
1: Isha has the bigger part (:3)
2: or Isha has the smaller part (2:)
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a woman uses a home pregnancy test kit that tests for hcg hormone in urine. she knows this is a type of antibody assay from the kit brochure. antibodies reacting with the hormone produce two lines on the test strip. what specific type of antibody assay does this represent?
Monoclonal antibodies are used in pregnancy test kits. These are made to bind with a hormone called HCG, which is only present in pregnant women's urine.
Three different types of antibodies, two from mice and one from a goat, are used in home pregnancy tests. The test strip's papery substance contains the initial antibody molecules (where the urine sample is applied).
The primary methods for detecting human chorionic gonadotropin hormone have mostly been supplanted by the conventional immunoassay, which is based on the classic antigen-antibody reaction (HCG).
Antibodies are used in home pregnancy tests to look for the Human Chorionic Gonadotropin hormone, which can be detected in urine at levels that indicate pregnancy. The test strip has two antibodies that "sandwich" together to capture the HCG antigen.
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given that the rate of dna synthesis of a plasmid in yeast is 50 nucleotides per second and the circular plasmid replicates in 20 minutes, what is the approximate maximum size of the plasmid? 120,000 bp 60,000 bp 30,000 bp
Although plasmids as small as 2 kb and as much as more than 1 Mb in size have been observed, plasmid sizes typically range from 5 to 500 kb.
What is the nucleotide size range of plasmids?Plasmids range in size from 1 to over 400 kbp, and in rare cases, a single cell may have a single identical plasmid or thousands of them.
What kind of genetic information does a plasmid contain, and what size are they roughly speaking?Particularly well-suited to acting as vehicles for genetic exchange and the spread of resistance genes are plasmids. The majority of covalently closed, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules found in plasmids, which are autonomously replicating genetic components, range in size from less than 10 kilobase pairs (kbp) up to 400 kb or more.
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you now know that inheritance of eye color in fruit flies is sex-linked: the gene encoding eye color is located on the x chromosome, and there is no corresponding gene on the y chromosome. how would the inheritance pattern differ if the gene for eye color were instead located on an autosome (a non-sex chromosome)? recall that for autosomes, both chromosomes of a homologous pair carry the same genes in the same locations.suppose that a geneticist crossed a large number of white-eyed females with red-eyed males. a cross of two flies where the female fly has white eyes, and the male fly has red eyes.consider two separate cases:case 1: eye color exhibits sex-linked inheritance.case 2: eye color exhibits autosomal (non-sex-linked) inheritance. (note: in this case, assume that the red-eyed males are homozygous.)for each case, predict how many of the male and female offspring would have red eyes and white eyes.drag the correct numbers on the left to complete the sentences on the right. numbers can be used once, more than once, or not at all.
in instance 1
100 females, each with one red and one white eye.
100 males with 100 white eyes and 0 red eyes
as in case -2
100 females, each with one red and one white eye.
100 men with 100 red eyes and 0 white eyes.
Multiple genes are involved, making the inheritance of eye color more complicated than first thought. The eye colors of a child's parents and other relatives can frequently be used to forecast the child's eye color, but genetic variances can occasionally have unanticipated effects.
Case 1: 100 of the female children would have red eyes, and 0 would have white eyes, if there were 100 of them.0 would have red eyes and 100 would have white eyes if there were 100 male offspring.
Case 2: 100 of the female children would have red eyes, and 0 would have white eyes, if there were 100 of them.100 of the male offspring would have red eyes and 0 would have white eyes if there were 100 male offspring.
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rna polymerase binds to a ________ to initiate the process of ________.
The RNA polymerase enzyme binds to a promoter to initiate the process of transcription.
What is transcription?Transcription is a biological process during which the genetic information present on a DNA strand is transcribed to genetic codes in a messenger RNA.
During the transcription of a gene, the coding strand of DNA unwinds and the RNA polymerase enzymes bind to a region on the DNA that specifies the beginning of the gene to be transcribed, otherwise known as the promoter region.
After the binding of the RNA polymerase, a primer also binds to complete the initiation complex. The RNA polymerase enzyme is responsible for elongating the primer by adding RNA nucleotides that are complementary to the sequence of nucleotides on the gene being transcribed.
At the end of the transcription process, the RNA polymerase disenages and the mRNA synthesized is processed.
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The increased output of urine is known as _____.
Increased urine output is known as polyuria, or bladder disease, makes you want to urinate more often.
PolyuriaPolyuria is a condition when the body produces excess urine (urine). This condition, which includes bladder disease, makes you want to urinate more often. When urinating, the urine released is much more than it should be.
Symptoms of polyuria
The main symptom of frequent urination is of course the frequent urge to urinate. A healthy adult urinates normally 6-7 times a day. Urinating up to 10 times in 24 hours is still considered normal as long as there are no complaints and the urine looks normal.
Causes of Excessive Urine Production
Type 1 and 2 diabetes. The kidneys cannot filter sugar in the blood. As a result, the urine that comes out carries a lot of fluids so that you urinate frequently.Diabetes insipidus. This disease makes it difficult for the body to control the amount of fluid. The impact, you are more often thirsty and always want to urinate.Kidney illness. If its function decreases, the kidneys cannot produce urine as before. One of the effects is the production of excess urine.Pregnancy. Pregnancy can trigger gestational diabetes. This disease triggers the same impact as diabetes mellitus on urine production.Liver disease. The liver functions to break down the body's waste substances and distribute them to the kidneys for disposal. Disorders of the liver can affect kidney function.Worry. Excessive anxiety can upset the balance of vasopressin. This substance controls the water content in the kidneys.Learn more about Polyuria at: https://brainly.com/question/14812978
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The positively charged particle in an atom is called a A. neutron. B. ion. C. proton. D. electron
The positively charged particle in an atom is called (c) proton.
The atom is composed of three fundamental particles: the electron, the neutron, and the proton. The nucleus of an atom is where you'll find the proton density. This is a very small but dense region that can be found in the middle of the atom. The proton possesses a positive charge of one, which is denoted by the symbol (+1), as well as a mass of one atomic mass unit (amu), which is equivalent to approximately 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg. Protons and neutrons make up most of an atom's mass. So option C is the right one.
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the northern leopard frog, tree frog, and wood frog are all different species of frogs. why is having a scientific name for each species of an organism important for scientists?
Binomial nomenclature, which consists of two parts, is used to identify every identified species on Earth. They are crucial because they enable global communication regarding various animal species.
What makes the northern leopard frog unique?The numerous irregularly shaped dark spots that decorate the back and legs of northern leopard frogs give them their name. They have light-colored ridges on either side of their backs and are greenish-brown in color with a pearly white underside.
Why was the frog chosen as the test animal?For a long time, frogs have served as study models. When compared to mammals, their physiology is comparatively straightforward, and research on frog muscles in the 1920s revealed that the neurotransmitter acetylcholine was in charge of transmitting nerve impulses signaling movement to the muscles.
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q4. identify which statement is false [0.5pts] a. eukaryotic genomes are larger than prokaryotic genomes. b. within eukaryotes, genome size is a reliable predictor of phenotypic complexity. c. eukaryotes have lower gene densities than prokaryotes. d. most eukaryotic dna does not code for protein.
The eukaryotes have lower gene densities than prokaryotes' statement is false.
Prokaryotic genomes have substantially greater gene densities than eukaryotic genomes, which is defined as the number of genes per million base pairs (also known as a megabase, or Mb). The human genome has 12–15 genes per megabyte or genes.
Compared to prokaryotes, the gene density of eukaryotic nuclear genomes is typically low, but certain eukaryotic lineages (including numerous parasites and endosymbionts) have independently evolved extremely compacted gene-dense genomes.
Prokaryotes are simpler organisms, hence their gene density is larger. Gene density has an inverse relationship with complexity. Eukaryotes, which are more complex organisms, have lower gene densities than prokaryotes, which are simpler organisms.
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Observational Learning is also known as....
Observational learning is also known as social learning theory.
What is observational learning?Observational learning is to the process of learning by the watching the behaviors of the others. The targeted to the behavior is watched, memorized, and then it is mimicked. Also known as the shaping and modeling, observational learning is to the most common in to the children as they imitate by the behaviors of adults.
Observational learning, also this is called social learning theory, occurs when an observer's behavior of changes after viewing the behaviour of any components. An observer's of the behavior can be defined and affected by the + or - consequences--called by the vicarious and reinforcement or vicarious of the punishment-- of a model's behaviour.
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What are the three characteristics of division coniferophyta.
Explanation:
※The three characteristics of division coniferophyta are:☞They are non-flowering plants due to their lack of ovary wall.☞They have needle like leaves which help to conserve against water loss in plant.☞Their reproductive structures and seeds are grown from cones.Coniferophyta, or the Conifers, is a classification of vascular plants that comprise trees, shrubs, and other plants with scale- or needle-like leaves and seeds that are often enclosed in a cone or strobilus. Coniferophyta has a number of important traits, including:
Woody structure: Coniferophyta are known for their woody structures, which have thick, sturdy stems and branches that support the plant. Some conifer species are shrubs or smaller plants, but many conifer species are trees.
Leaves that resemble needles or scales: Conifers have leaves that are typically thin and elongated and either resemble needles or scales. Scale-like leaves are smaller and more rounded, whereas needle-like leaves are long and pointed.
Seeds encased in a cone or strobilus: Conifers reproduce by producing seeds that are enclosed in a woody structure called a cone or strobilus, which is a cone-shaped structure. Usually developed at the ends of the plant's branches, the cone or strobilus grows and releases its seeds once it has dried out.
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Which element is important in directly triggering contraction? a. sodium (Na') b. calcium (Ca $^{++}$ ) c. potassium (K^) d. chloride (Cl)
Option B, calcium (Ca++) element plays a crucial role in triggering causing contraction.
Act two miles in complex, which is what triggers the contraction of, is formed as a result of calcium binding to troponin.Striated muscle contracts as a result of calcium. Actomyosin is present in striated muscle. (1) Tropomyosin covers the actin-based myosin-binding sites in striated muscle in the relaxed state. (2) When calcium attaches to troponin C, the troponin complex undergoes a conformational shift. The protein complex troponin binds to calcium, active-binding sites to start the muscular contraction cycle.
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which of the following processes does not involve redox reactions? select only one answer choice.
A. Glycolysis
B. The Citric Acid Cycle
C. Electron Transport Chain
D. All of the above involve redox reactions
E. Only B and C involve redox reactions
The above mentioned all involve redox reactions.
A is the best choice.
What is a redox reaction and an illustration?A redox reaction is when oxidation and reduction both occur simultaneously. CuO+H2→Cu+H2O. Example: While hydrogen is being oxidized to water in this reaction, copper oxide is being reduced to copper.
If there is a redox process, how do you know?Redox reactions are defined as those in which the oxidation number changes, showing both an increase and a drop in number. In the absence of this, the reaction is non-redox.
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the wings of birds and of bats are: a) homologous as both wings and forelimbs b) analogous as both wings and forelimbs c) homologous as wings and analogous as forelimbs d) analogous as wings and homologous as forelimbs
The bats and birds wings are b) analogous as both wings and forelimbs in both individuals.
Analogies are the end result of convergent evolution. Interestingly, aleven though fowl and bat wings are analogous as wings, as forelimbs they're analoguos. Birds and bats did now no longer inherit wings from a not unusualplace ancestor with wings, however they did inherit forelimbs from a not unusualplace ancestor with forelimbs.
Bat and fowl wings are examples of analogous structures. The wings of the bats are made from feathers that make bigger all alongside the arm. However, the wings of bats include flaps of pores and skin that reach among the bones of the hands however the wings of each organisms carry out the same characteristic of flying.
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for the pedigree chart, the dominant trait is indicated by h, and individuals displaying that dominant phenotype are filled in. what is the likelihood that individual iii-6 could have children with the dominant phenotype?
A pedigree chart is a flowchart or diagrammatic depiction that shows the incidence and appearance, or phenotypes, of a certain gene or organism across time, along with its predecessors.
In the F-1 generation, there is one afflicted parent, and in the F-2 generation, there are two affected people. Therefore, as we previously mentioned, for a dominant trait to exist, one parent must be afflicted, or a kid with a dominant trait must have one affected parent. Examine the relationships between people in the F-2 generation right now. In the F-3 generation, which is likewise a dominant characteristic, you can observe unaffected parents having unaffected kids starting from the left. You can observe that in the other two associations, there are roughly equal numbers of afflicted boys and females, which suggests an autosomal inheritance.
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an emg (electromyogram) measures electrical activity
When a nerve stimulates a muscle, electromyography (EMG) measures the muscle's reaction or electrical activity.
What is measured by an EMG, or electromyogram?An examination of the muscles and the nerve cells that govern them using electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic procedure (motor neurons). Results from EMG tests may show issues with nerve function, muscle function, or nerve-to-muscle signal transmission.
What does an EMG measure?Term in this set (14) The electromyography (EMG) measures what? The somatic motor neuron that causes a muscle to contract is measured by the EMG, which measures overall voltage changes between two electrodes.
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Which of these is not related to endoplasmic reticulum?
a)It behaves as transport channel for proteins between nucleus and cytoplasm
b)It transports materials between various regions in cytoplasm
c)It can be the site of energy generation
d)It can be the site for some biochemical activities of the cell
The statement that does not relate to endoplasmic reticulum is as follows: it can be the site of energy generation (option C).
What is endoplasmic reticulum?Endoplasmic reticulum in cytology is a network of membranes within the cytoplasm of cells, where proteins and lipids are synthesized.
The endoplasmic reticulum occurs in two forms;
A type with a ribosome-studded surface called rough ERAnother with a smooth surface called smooth ERSome of the functions of the ER include;
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2. The following tatement decribe a trong intenity of an earthquake, EXCEPT?
a. Generally felt by mot people indoor and outdoor
b. Dizzine and nauea are experienced by ome people
c. Many leeping people are awakened
d. Strong haking and rocking felt throughout building
Generally felt by mot people indoor and outdoor Intensity measures the strength of shaking produced by the earthquake at a certain location.
What is Intensity and magnitude of earthquakes?Over a single impacted location, the seismic shaking's intensity varies greatly. Because the full spectrum of reported impacts cannot be simply quantified, the intensity scales that qualitatively characterise the consequences are frequently used to measure the shaking's strength.
Intensity scales have been used since the late 19th and early 20th centuries, long before seismographs were able to measure ground motion precisely. Since then, observable accelerations of the nearby ground shaking have been linked to the divides in these scales.
However, the complexity of intensity varies on a number of factors, including the local geologic structure, the measuring point's distance from the source, the periods and other characteristics of seismic waves, as well as ground accelerations.
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an ecological pyramid is a represnetion of the distribuiton of organim in an ecosystme based on their trophic levle. what level has the greatet nubmer of organism and the greatest biomass in terrestrial ecosystems and most aquatic ecosystems
Description. An energy pyramid, also known as a trophic or ecological pyramid, is a graphical depiction of the energy found within the trophic layers of an ecosystem.
The bottom and greatest level of the pyramid is the producers and contains the highest quantity of energy.
A biomass pyramid is the depiction of total live biomass or organic matter present at different trophic levels in an ecosystem.
Biomass is estimated as the mass of live creatures present at each trophic level in a given sample size. Calories per unit area or dry weight in grams are two ways to see it.
graphical illustration of an ecological pyramid, also known as a trophic pyramid, Estonian pyramid, energy pyramid, or occasionally a food pyramid, is used to illustrate the biomass or bio-productivity at each trophic level in a particular ecosystem
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what is the mechanism in type ii hypersensitivity reactions? a. antibodies bind to soluble antigens that were released into body fluids and the immune complexes are deposited in the tissues. b. antibodies coat mast cells by binding to receptors that signal its degranulation followed by discharge of preformed mediators. c. antibodies bind to the antigens on the cell surface. d. cytotoxic t lymphocytes or lymphokines-producing th1 cells attack and destroy cellular targets directly.
Cells are coated with antibodies when they attach to receptors that indicate their degranulation and release of mediators that have already been produced. Option (b) is Correct.
The production of antibodies against the soluble antigen is mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE), and is referred to as type I hypersensitivity or an instantaneous reaction. This activity examines the diagnosis, treatment, and involvement of interprofessional teams in the care of individuals with type I hypersensitivity. The immune system is essential for keeping the body healthy and defending against microbial invasions.
The same system, meanwhile, can also result in heightened immunological and inflammatory reactions, which have negative effects known as hypersensitive reactions. Type I, Type II, Type III, and Type IV reactions are the four conventional categories for hypersensitivity reactions. A more recent classification that divides the reactions into seven categories and takes into account various immune system components was developed by Sell et al. However, the traditional Type I hypersensitivity reactions will be the main topic of this essay.
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expalain the importance of managing water transport across the cell membrane
Water movement across cell membranes is necessary for cellular integrity, but it can cause problems.
What is cell membrane?The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is found in all cells and serves to separate the cell's interior from the outside environment. The cell membrane is build up of a semipermeable lipid bilayer. The cell membrane controls the transport of materials into and out of the cell.Water moves across cell membranes via diffusion and osmosis. The total solute concentrations and the permeabilities of the solutes relative to water determine the effective osmolality of a biological fluid.A small difference in solute concentration causes a large osmotic pressure gradient across the cell membrane, and animal cell membranes cannot withstand any significant pressure gradient.Without water, cell membranes will indeed lack structure, and cells will be unable to put important molecules within the cell and harmful molecules outside the cell.To learn more about cell membrane refer to :
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