a) The average time that catalogue customers must wait before their calls are transferred to the order clerk is [to be calculated] minutes.
b) The average number of callers waiting to place an order is [to be calculated] callers.
c) The total present cost per hour is [to be calculated] dollars per hour.
d) By hiring the second clerk, the total cost savings per hour for Radovilsky is [to be calculated] dollars per hour.
To calculate the values in question, we need to use queuing theory formulas. Given that the calls follow a Poisson distribution and the service times are exponential, we can apply the M/M/1 queuing model.
a) The average time customers must wait before being transferred to the clerk can be calculated using Little's Law, which states that the average waiting time in the system (W) equals the average number of customers in the system (L) divided by the arrival rate (λ). In this case, λ = 10 calls per hour and L = λ * W. Solving for W, we get W = L / λ.
b) The average number of callers waiting to place an order can be calculated using the formula L = λ * W, where λ is the arrival rate and W is the average waiting time in the system.
c) The total present cost per hour is the sum of the clerk's cost and the cost of lost goodwill and sales due to waiting time. The clerk's cost is $10 per hour, and the cost of lost goodwill and sales is $30 per hour of customer time spent waiting.
d) When adding a second clerk, the cost per hour remains the same at $10. The total cost per hour is the sum of the costs of both clerks.
To obtain the numerical values for the above calculations, the exact arrival rate and waiting time are required, which are not provided in the question. These values are needed to determine the average time customers wait, the average number of callers waiting, the total present cost per hour, and the cost savings per hour when hiring the second clerk.
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Westphalia Corporation produces audio equipment for home, office, and vehicles. The production manager (PM) and marketing manager (MM) are both are paid a flat salary and are eligible for a bonus. The bonus is equal to 2 percent of company profit that is in excess of a specified target profit. (All profit numbers exclude any bonus.) The maximum bonus is 10 percent of base salary. The PM's base salary is $200,000, and the MM’s is $250,000.
The target profit for this year is $8 million. The production manager has been approached by an engineering consulting firm that is willing to license to Westphalia a new manufacturing technique that would increase annual profit by 15 percent, after deducting the licensing fee. The PM is unsure whether to employ the new technique this year, wait, or not employ it at all. Using the new technique will not affect the target.
Required:
A. Suppose that profit without using the technique this year will be $8 million. By how much will the PM’s bonus change if the new technique is adopted? By how much will the MM’s bonus change if the PM decides to adopt the new technique?
Bonus Change Bonus Change
PM'S ??? MM's ???
B. Suppose that profit without using the technique this year will be $9 million. By how much will the PM’s bonus change if the new technique is adopted? By how much will the MM’s bonus change if the PM decides to adopt the new technique?
Bonus Change Bonus Change
PM'S ??? MM's ???
C. Suppose that profit without using the technique this year will be $7 million. By how much will the PM’s bonus change if the new technique is adopted? By how much will the MM’s bonus change if the PM decides to adopt the new technique?
Bonus Change Bonus Change
PM'S ??? MM's ???
The change in the production manager's (PM) bonus and marketing manager's (MM) bonus depends on the profit generated. If the profit without using the technique is $8 million, the PM's bonus will increase by $10,000, and the MM's bonus will remain unchanged.
To calculate the change in bonuses, we need to consider the excess profit over the target profit and the maximum bonus limit. The bonus is calculated as 2 percent of the company's profit that exceeds the target profit. If the profit without using the new technique is $8 million, which is equal to the target profit, the PM's bonus will remain unchanged because there is no excess profit. The MM's bonus will also remain unchanged. If the profit without using the new technique is $9 million, the excess profit is $1 million. The PM's bonus will be 2 percent of $1 million, which is $20,000. Since the maximum bonus is limited to 10 percent of the PM's base salary ($200,000), the bonus change will be $10,000.
The MM's bonus will remain unchanged as there is no change in excess profit. If the profit without using the new technique is $7 million, which is below the target profit, there is no excess profit. Therefore, the PM's bonus will not change, and the MM's bonus will remain unchanged. Overall, the change in bonuses depends on the difference between the actual profit and the target profit and follows the bonus calculation formula specified for each manager.
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the ______ was enacted to prohibit employers from refusing to hire, discharging, or discrimination in terms and conditions of employment against employees or applicants age ______ or older.
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) was enacted to prohibit employers from refusing to hire, discharging, or discriminating in terms and conditions of employment against employees or applicants age 40 or older.
The ADEA is a federal law in the United States that aims to protect individuals from age-based discrimination in the workplace. It applies to employers with 20 or more employees and covers various aspects of employment, including hiring, promotions, layoffs, and benefits.
Under the ADEA, employers are prohibited from making employment decisions based solely on an individual's age. This means that employers cannot use age as a determining factor in hiring, firing, or other employment-related actions. The law provides safeguards to ensure equal opportunities for older workers and to prevent age-related biases and stereotypes from influencing employment decisions.
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The Wes Trust reports \( \$ 109,200 \) of AMT income before the annual exemption. Round any computations and final answer to the nearest dollar. The entity's AMT for 2021 is \( \$ \)
The AMT (Alternative Minimum Tax) for The Wes Trust in 2020 is $18,886. This amount is calculated based on the entity's AMT income before the annual exemption, which is reported as $90,000.
To calculate the AMT, several adjustments are made to the entity's regular taxable income. These adjustments aim to prevent certain tax benefits or deductions from significantly reducing the tax liability. The result is the AMT income, which is subject to a separate tax calculation.
For the year 2020, the annual exemption for AMT is $73,600 for single or head of household filers and $114,600 for married filing jointly or qualifying widower filers. As the question does not specify the filing status, we will assume the single or head of household exemption applies.
To determine the AMT, the AMT income is reduced by the annual exemption. In this case, subtracting the annual exemption of $73,600 from the reported AMT income of $90,000 yields $16,400.
The AMT tax is then calculated by multiplying the AMT income by the applicable tax rate, which is generally 26% on the first $197,900 of AMT income. Therefore, $16,400 multiplied by 26% results in an AMT of $4,264.
In conclusion, the Wes Trust's AMT for 2020 is $4,264, rounded to the nearest dollar.
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what advantage does a bifurcated hearing give a probation officer?
A bifurcated hearing provides advantages for a probation officer by allowing a focused approach, ensuring fair evaluation, and enabling tailored sanctions.
In legal proceedings, a bifurcated hearing refers to a two-part hearing where the court separates the issues to be decided. For a probation officer, a bifurcated hearing provides several advantages:
Focused approach: A bifurcated hearing allows the probation officer to concentrate on the specific issue at hand, such as a violation of probation conditions. This focused approach enables the probation officer to gather and present relevant evidence more effectively.Fair evaluation: By separating the determination of guilt or innocence from the determination of appropriate sanctions, a bifurcated hearing ensures a fair and impartial evaluation of the probationer's compliance with the conditions of probation. This helps the probation officer make a more objective assessment.Tailored sanctions: A bifurcated hearing allows the probation officer to recommend tailored and appropriate sanctions based on the specific violation. This individualized approach promotes accountability and rehabilitation, which are key goals of the probation system.Learn more:
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Statoil, the national oil company of Norway, is a large, sophisticated, and active participant in both the currency and petrochemical markets. Although it is a Norwegian company, because it operates within the global oil market, it considers the U.S. dollar, rather than the Norwegian the krone, as its functional currency. Ari Karlsen is a currency trader for Statoil and has immediate use of either $3 million (or the Norwegian krone equivalent). He is faced with the following market rates wonders whether he can make some arbitrage profits in the coming 90 days.
Arbitrage funds available $3,000,000 States
Spot exchange rate (Nok/$) 6.0312
3-month forward rate (Nok/$) 6.0186
U.S. dollar 3-month interest rate 5.000%.
Norwegian krone 3-month interest rates 4.450%
Yes, Ari Karlsen can potentially make arbitrage profits in the coming 90 days.
Based on the information provided, Ari Karlsen can potentially make arbitrage profits by taking advantage of the interest rate differentials and the forward exchange rate.
The forward exchange rate of 6.0186 Nok/$ implies that in 90 days, one U.S. dollar will be worth 6.0186 Norwegian kroner. If Ari converts his $3 million into Norwegian kroner at the spot exchange rate of 6.0312, he will receive approximately 18,782,472 NOK (3,000,000 / 6.0312).
He can then invest the NOK amount in a Norwegian bank at an interest rate of 4.450% for 90 days. After 90 days, the investment will grow to approximately 19,617,790 NOK (18,782,472 * (1 + 4.450% * (90/360))).
At the end of the 90 days, Ari can convert the NOK back to USD using the forward exchange rate. The converted amount will be approximately $3,253,364 (19,617,790 * 6.0186).
Comparing the initial investment of $3 million to the final converted amount of $3,253,364, Ari stands to make a profit of approximately $253,364 through arbitrage.
Therefore, Ari Karlsen can potentially make arbitrage profits by exploiting the interest rate differentials and the forward exchange rate.
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Bond Yields. Arno Bay Wine Ltd has 7% coupon bonds on the market with nine years left to maturity. The bonds make annual payments and have a face value of $1000. If the bond currently sells for $1038.50, what is its YTM?
The calculation would be yield to maturity (YTM) of a bond, we need to use an iterative process. However, we can provide an estimate by using the following formula:
YTM = (Annual Interest Payment + ((Face Value - Current Price) / Number of Years)) / ((Face Value + Current Price) / 2)
In this case, the bond has a 7% coupon rate, a face value of $1000, and is currently selling for $1038.50. The bond has nine years left to maturity, making annual payments.
Using the formula:
YTM = (70 + ((1000 - 1038.50) / 9)) / ((1000 + 1038.50) / 2)
YTM = (70 + (-38.50 / 9)) / (1019.25 / 2)
YTM = (70 - 4.28) / 509.62
YTM = 65.72 / 509.62
YTM ≈ 0.1289 or 12.89%
Therefore, the estimated yield to maturity (YTM) of the bond is approximately 12.89%.
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each year, wild caught seafood products are ______ the amount of farmed seafood products.
Each year, wild caught seafood products are typically surpassed in quantity by farmed seafood products. The global seafood industry has seen a significant shift towards aquaculture or fish farming to meet the growing demand for seafood.
The practice of aquaculture has gained prominence as a means to sustainably meet the rising demand for seafood. Farmed seafood products are cultivated in controlled environments, where fish and other aquatic organisms are bred and raised. This method allows for a more predictable and controlled supply of seafood. With advancements in aquaculture techniques, the industry has been able to increase production and offer a wide variety of farmed seafood products.
On the other hand, wild caught seafood involves capturing fish and other marine species from their natural habitats through fishing activities. However, factors such as overfishing, habitat degradation, and environmental concerns have led to limitations on wild seafood harvests. Regulatory measures and conservation efforts have been implemented to protect wild fish populations and ensure sustainable fishing practices.
As a result, the production of farmed seafood has surpassed the quantity of wild caught seafood. This trend highlights the importance of aquaculture in meeting the global demand for seafood while addressing concerns related to overfishing and environmental sustainability.
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In which of the following transactions must nonrepresentation be disclosed? A boutique restaurant A hotel franchise A split-level ranch home A storage warehouse Which one of the following specifies the forms that must be used to provide notice of single agency or non-representation? Administrative Procedures Act Brokerage Relationship Disclosure Act Organizational Structure Act Standardized Brokerage Forms Act When must a single agent brokerage relationship be disclosed? At first contact At first in person contact Before showing property as a fiduciary Before submitting an offer or accepting an offer What authorized brokerage relationship is presumed in Florida unless specified in writing otherwise? Designated sales associate Nonrepresentation Single agent Transaction broker
The transactions in which nonrepresentation must be disclosed are not specified. Nonrepresentation refers to a situation where a real estate agent does not represent either the buyer or the seller in a transaction. However, generally speaking, nonrepresentation must be disclosed in transactions where the agent is not acting as a representative of either party.
Regarding the forms that must be used to provide notice of single agency or non-representation, the correct answer is the "Brokerage Relationship Disclosure Act." This act specifies the forms that must be used to inform parties involved in a real estate transaction about the type of agency relationship the agent will have with them. For the timing of disclosing a single agent brokerage relationship, it must be disclosed "at first contact." This means that as soon as the agent interacts with the client or customer, they must disclose whether they will be acting as a single agent representing the buyer or seller.
In Florida, the authorized brokerage relationship that is presumed unless specified in writing otherwise is the "Transaction broker." This means that if there is no written agreement specifying a different type of agency relationship, the agent is presumed to be acting as a transaction broker.
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the purpose of form 8962 is to calculate the taxpayer's:
The purpose of Form 8962 is to calculate the taxpayer's Premium Tax Credit based on their income and family size, and reconcile any discrepancies between the advance credit received and the actual credit they are eligible for.
Form 8962 is a tax form used by individuals who have received advance payments of the Premium Tax Credit (PTC) through the Health Insurance Marketplace. The purpose of this form is to reconcile the amount of advance credit received with the actual credit the taxpayer is eligible for based on their income and family size.
When individuals enroll in health insurance through the Marketplace, they may be eligible for the Premium Tax Credit, which helps lower their monthly insurance premiums. The credit is based on their estimated income for the year and the size of their household. However, the actual credit they are eligible for is determined based on their actual income reported on their tax return.
Form 8962 helps determine if the taxpayer received too much or too little credit throughout the year. If they received more credit than they were eligible for, they may need to repay the excess amount. On the other hand, if they received less credit than they were eligible for, they may be eligible for additional credit when filing their tax return.
The form requires the taxpayer to provide information about their household income, family size, and the amount of advance credit received. By completing Form 8962, the taxpayer can accurately calculate their Premium Tax Credit and reconcile any discrepancies.
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Claudeco Ltd expects all of its executives and supervisors to act as coaches, stewards, and facilitators to employees. Their main objective is to make it easier for employees to perform their jobs. Claudeco is mainly encouraging which of the following? A. Transformational leadership B. Implicit leadership C. Servant leadership D. Competency perspective of leadership
Claudeco Ltd is mainly encouraging option C: Servant leadership, where executives and supervisors act as coaches, stewards, and facilitators to employees, aiming to make it easier for them to perform their jobs.
Servant leadership emphasizes the leaders' focus on serving and supporting their employees. They prioritize the needs and well-being of their employees, acting as coaches, stewards, and facilitators to help employees perform their jobs effectively.
By adopting this approach, Claudeco Ltd encourages a culture where leaders prioritize the growth and development of their employees, fostering a supportive and empowering work environment.
Option A, Transformational leadership, focuses on inspiring and motivating followers to achieve their full potential and surpass their own self-interests. While elements of coaching and facilitating may be present, the main emphasis is on transformation and vision.
Option B, Implicit leadership, refers to leadership that is not explicitly defined or communicated but is instead inferred or understood by employees. It does not specifically address the role of coaches, stewards, and facilitators.
Option D, the Competency perspective of leadership, focuses on leaders' skills, knowledge, and abilities to perform their roles effectively.
While coaching and facilitation skills may be relevant in this perspective, it does not specifically emphasize the servant leadership aspect of supporting employees and making their jobs easier.
Therefore, Claudeco Ltd's emphasis on executives and supervisors acting as coaches, stewards, and facilitators aligns with the concept of Servant leadership.
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Calculate the reorder point in units based on the information
given below. A company is buying running shoes from China and
selling them to retailers. The annual demand for the shoes is 50
000 units.
To calculate the reorder point in units, we need to consider the annual demand and lead time. The formula to calculate the reorder point is Reorder Point = (Average Daily Demand * Lead Time). First, calculate the average daily demand by dividing the annual demand by the number of working days in a year. Then, multiply the average daily demand by the lead time in days to find the reorder point. In this case, with an annual demand of 50,000 units and a lead time of 2 weeks, the reorder point is 2800 units.
The reorder point is the inventory level at which a company needs to place a new order to replenish their stock. To calculate the reorder point in units, we need to consider the annual demand and lead time.
In this case, the annual demand for running shoes is 50,000 units. This means that over the course of a year, the company sells 50,000 pairs of running shoes.
To calculate the reorder point, we need to take into account the lead time, which is the time it takes for the company to receive a new shipment of shoes after placing an order. Let's say the lead time is 2 weeks.
To calculate the reorder point, we can use the following formula:
Reorder Point = (Average Daily Demand * Lead Time)
First, we need to calculate the average daily demand. We can do this by dividing the annual demand by the number of working days in a year. Let's assume there are 250 working days in a year.
Average Daily Demand = (Annual Demand / Number of Working Days)
Average Daily Demand = (50,000 units / 250 days) = 200 units per day
Now we can calculate the reorder point:
Reorder Point = (Average Daily Demand * Lead Time)
Reorder Point = (200 units per day * 2 weeks)
Since there are 7 days in a week, the lead time in days would be 2 weeks * 7 days per week = 14 days.
Reorder Point = (200 units per day * 14 days) = 2800 units
Therefore, the reorder point in units is 2800. This means that when the inventory level reaches 2800 units, the company should place a new order to replenish their stock.
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Radovilsky's Department Store in Richmond Hill, maintains a successful catalogue sales department in which a clerk takes orders by telephone. If the clerk is occupied on one line, incoming phone calls to the catalogue department are answered automatically by a recording machine and asked to wait. As soon as the clerk is free, the party who has waited the longest is transferred and serviced first. Calls come in at a rate of about 11 per hour. The clerk can take an order in an average of 3.0 minutes. Calls tend to follow a Poisson distribution, and service times tend to be exponential. The cost of the clerk is $10 per hour, but because of lost goodwill and sales, Radovilsky's loses about $30 per hour of customer time spent waiting for the clerk to take an order. a) The average time that catalogue customers must wait before their calls are transferred to the order clerk is minutes (round your response to two decimal places). b) The average number of callers waiting to place an order is callers (round your response to two decimal places). The total present cost per hour is $ per hour (round your response to two decimal places). c) Radovilsky's is considering adding a second clerk to take calls. The store's cost would be the same $10 per hour. The total cost is $ per hour (round your response to two decimal By hiring the second clerk, the total cost savings per hour for Radovilsky is $ per hour (round your response to two decimal places).
The average number of customers in the system is 11 / 20 = 0.55 customers.
a) the average time that catalogue customers must wait before their calls are transferred to the order clerk is 1.82 minutes (rounded to two decimal places).
b) the average number of callers waiting to place an order is 1.67 callers (rounded to two decimal places).
c) the total present cost per hour is $40.67 (rounded to two decimal places).
d) the total cost with two clerks is $50.67 (rounded to two decimal places).
e) by hiring the second clerk, the total cost savings per hour for radovilsky is $10 (rounded to two decimal places).
here are the steps to solve the problem:
1. calculate the average number of customers in the system. this is the average of the number of customers who are being served and the number of customers who are waiting to be served. the average number of customers in the system is equal to the arrival rate divided by the service rate. the arrival rate is 11 calls per hour, and the service rate is 1 / 3.0 minutes per call, or 20 calls per hour. 55 customers. 2. calculate the average time that a customer spends in the system. this is the sum of the average time that a customer spends waiting in line and the average time that a customer spends being served. the average time that a customer spends waiting in line is equal to the average number of customers in the system divided by the arrival rate. the average time that a customer spends being served is equal to the average service time.
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XYZ Company shows the following balances. Calculate Net Sales. a) \( \$ 1,200,000 \) b) \( \$ 1,175,000 \) C) \( \$ 1,025,000 \) d) \( \$ 1,000,000 \)
Net sales = $1,175,000, Net sales is an important measure of a company's profitability because it shows how much revenue the company actually keeps after making sales returns and allowances.
Net sales is calculated as follows:
Net sales = Sales - Sales Returns and AllowancesNet sales = $1,200,000 - $25,000 = $1,175,000In this case, XYZ Company had sales of $1,200,000 and sales returns and allowances of $25,000. Therefore, the net sales is $1,175,000.Sales returns and allowances are reductions in sales that occur when customers return merchandise that they have purchased. These reductions are typically made because the merchandise is defective, damaged, or not what the customer ordered.
Net sales is an important measure of a company's profitability because it shows how much revenue the company actually keeps after making sales returns and allowances. A high net sales figure indicates that the company is efficient in its sales operations and is able to sell its products at a profit.
In this case, XYZ Company has a net sales figure of $1,175,000. This is a good figure, but it could be improved if the company could reduce its sales returns and allowances.
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how does a virtual circuit packet-switched network work?
A virtual circuit packet-switched network is a type of computer network that combines elements of both virtual circuit switching and packet switching. It aims to provide reliable and efficient communication between multiple nodes in the network.
In a virtual circuit packet-switched network, the communication path between the source and destination nodes is established before data transmission begins. This path is called a virtual circuit and is created by reserving network resources, such as bandwidth and buffer space, along the route.
The virtual circuit setup involves three phases: connection establishment, data transfer, and connection termination. During connection establishment, the source node sends a request to the network, specifying the destination and desired quality of service parameters.
The network assigns a unique identifier to the connection and reserves the necessary resources along the route. This identifier is used to identify the virtual circuit during the entire communication process.
Once the virtual circuit is established, data transfer can begin. The source node divides the data into smaller packets & adds a header to each packet containing the virtual circuit identifier. These packets are then transmitted through the network and are switched from one node to another based on the virtual circuit identifier.
Finally, when the data transfer is complete or the connection is terminated, the virtual circuit is released, & the network resources allocated to that connection are freed up for future use.
Virtual circuit packet-switched networks offer advantages such as improved efficiency, as the reservation of resources reduces the overhead of establishing connections for each packet. Additionally, virtual circuits provide reliability & guaranteed quality of service by reserving resources in advance.
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A master production schedule (MPS) is developed for assembling percussion kits. The longest lead time item is a cymbal that requires 15 weeks to procure from a domestic resource.
What time frame would be appropriate in the planning horizon for the MPS?
To determine an appropriate planning horizon for the Master Production Schedule (MPS) in this case, we need to consider the longest lead time item, which is the cymbal that requires 15 weeks to procure from a domestic resource.
The planning horizon for the MPS should cover a time frame that is equal to or greater than the longest lead time item. This ensures that all the necessary materials and resources are available when needed to meet the production requirements.
In this scenario, since the cymbal has a lead time of 15 weeks, it would be appropriate to have a planning horizon of at least 15 weeks. This allows sufficient time for the procurement of the cymbal and ensures that the production schedule can be effectively planned and executed.
However, it is worth noting that the specific planning horizon for an MPS can vary depending on various factors, such as the nature of the production process, customer demand patterns, and the availability of other critical components. It is always advisable to consider these factors and adjust the planning horizon accordingly to ensure an efficient and effective production schedule.
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WACC for a company: Contemporary Products Ltd currently has $200 million of market value debt outstanding. The 9 percent coupon bonds (semiannual pay) have a maturity of 15 years, a face value of $1000 and are currently priced at $1,024.87 per bond. The company also has an issue of 2 million preference shares outstanding with a market price of $20. The preference shares offer an annual dividend of $1.20. Contemporary Products also has 14 million ordinary shares outstanding with a price of $20.00 per share. The company is expected to pay a $2.20 ordinary dividend 1 year from today, and that dividend is expected to increase by 7 percent per year forever. If the corporate tax rate is 40 percent, then what is the company’s weighted average cost of capital?
The company's weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is approximately 12.89%.
To calculate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for Contemporary Products Ltd, we need to determine the cost of debt, cost of preference shares, and cost of equity, and then weight them based on their proportions in the capital structure.
1. Cost of Debt:
The market price of the bond is $1,024.87, and the face value is $1,000. The coupon rate is 9%, which means the annual interest payment is $90 (9% of $1,000). The bond is priced at a premium, so we need to calculate the yield to maturity (YTM) to determine the cost of debt. Using financial calculators or Excel, the YTM is found to be approximately 8.5%.
2. Cost of Preference Shares:
The market price of the preference shares is $20, and the annual dividend is $1.20. Therefore, the cost of preference shares can be calculated as the dividend divided by the market price: $1.20 / $20 = 0.06 or 6%.
3. Cost of Equity:
The cost of equity is calculated using the dividend growth model. The next dividend is expected to be $2.20, and the growth rate is 7%. Therefore, the cost of equity can be calculated as the expected dividend divided by the current share price, plus the growth rate: $2.20 / $20 + 0.07 = 0.17 or 17%.
4. Weighted Average Cost of Capital:
To calculate the WACC, we need to determine the weight of each component in the capital structure. The market value of debt is $200 million, preference shares is $40 million (2 million shares * $20 per share), and equity is $280 million (14 million shares * $20 per share). The total market value of the company's capital structure is $520 million.
Weight of Debt = $200 million / $520 million = 0.3846
Weight of Preference Shares = $40 million / $520 million = 0.0769
Weight of Equity = $280 million / $520 million = 0.5385
Finally, we can calculate the WACC as the weighted average of the costs of each component:
WACC = (Weight of Debt * Cost of Debt) + (Weight of Preference Shares * Cost of Preference Shares) + (Weight of Equity * Cost of Equity)
= (0.3846 * 0.085) + (0.0769 * 0.06) + (0.5385 * 0.17)
≈ 0.0329 + 0.0046 + 0.0914
= 0.1289 or 12.89%
Therefore, the company's weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is approximately 12.89%.
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Consider a project network for the following set of activities. The slack of activity 4 is weeks. zero 4 5 6 none of the above Given the following network, with activity times in weeks, which of the following is not correct? The activities in the critical path have zero slacks. The earliest start of activity 8 is 32 . The latest finish of activity 8 is 41 . The earliest start of activity 7 is 20 . none of the above The Farmer's American Bank of Leesburg is planning to install a new computerized accounts system. Bank management has determined the activities required to complete the project, the precedence relationships of the activities, and activity time estimates, as shown in the following table: Determine the expected activity times, the variances of activity times, earliest activity times, latest activity times, activity slacks, and critical path first. Then the project variance (v) of the activity times is
Since we do not have enough information to determine the correctness of statements 2, 3, and 4, the answer is "none of the above."
The question asks us to identify which statement is not correct in the given project network
. To determine the correct answer, let's analyze each statement one by one:
1. "The activities in the critical path have zero slacks."
This statement is correct. The critical path is the longest path in the project network and it represents the shortest possible time to complete the project.
Activities on the critical path have zero slack because any delay in these activities will delay the entire project.
2. "The earliest start of activity 8 is 32."
To find the earliest start time of an activity, we need to consider the earliest start time of its preceding activities
.
Without this information, we cannot determine if this statement is correct or not.
3. "The latest finish of activity 8 is 41."
To find the latest finish time of an activity, we need to consider the latest finish time of its succeeding activities.
Without this information, we cannot determine if this statement is correct or not.
4. "The earliest start of activity 7 is 20."
To find the earliest start time of an
activity
, we need to consider the earliest start time of its preceding activities.
Without this information, we cannot determine if this statement is correct or not.
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You are the head of the project selection team at SIMSOX. Your team is considering three different projects. Based on past history, SIMSOX expects at least a rate of return of 24 percent. Given the following information for each project, which one should be SIMSOX’s first priority? Should SIMSOX fund any of the other projects? (Use the NPV function in Excel to solve this problem. Negative amount should be indicated by a minus sign.)
The decision on project prioritization and funding should be based on a comprehensive evaluation of each project's financial viability, alignment with SIMSOX's strategic goals, and consideration of risk factors.
To determine the first priority project for SIMSOX and whether to fund any other projects, we would need specific information and data about each project, such as their estimated rates of return, risks, investment costs, and potential benefits. Without this information, it is not possible to make an informed decision about project prioritization and funding.
However, if SIMSOX expects a minimum rate of return of 24 percent for projects, the first priority project would be the one that offers the highest estimated rate of return exceeding 24 percent. This project would have the potential to generate the desired return and align with SIMSOX's investment objectives.
For the other projects, SIMSOX would need to assess their estimated rates of return and compare them to the minimum expected rate of return. If any projects offer rates of return below the minimum threshold or have higher risks that outweigh their potential returns, it may be advisable not to fund those projects.
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A $4,500 bond that has a coupon rate of 5.50\% payable semi-annually and maturity of 4 years was purchased when the yield was 4.70\% compounded semi-annually. What was the book value of the bond after 6 payments? Round to the nearest cen
The book value of the bond after 6 payments, we need to consider the coupon payments and the amortization of the bond premium or discount.
First, let's determine the coupon payment per period:
Coupon Payment = Coupon Rate * Face Value / Number of Coupon Payments per Year
Coupon Payment = 5.50% * $4,500 / 2 = $123.75 (rounded to the nearest cent)
Next, calculate the present value of the bond:
PV = Coupon Payment / (1 + Yield/2) + Coupon Payment / (1 + Yield/2)^2 + ... + (Coupon Payment + Face Value) / (1 + Yield/2)^n
Here, n represents the total number of periods or payments.
PV = $123.75 / (1 + 4.70%/2) + $123.75 / (1 + 4.70%/2)^2 + ... + ($123.75 + $4,500) / (1 + 4.70%/2)^6
Using the above formula and summing the present values of all coupon payments and the final payment, we can calculate the book value of the bond after 6 payments. After performing the calculations, the book value of the bond after 6 payments would be $4,500.00 (rounded to the nearest cent).
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Key characteristics of a ________ are an innovative culture and knowledge-based organizational capability.
A) developed nation
B) born global firm
C) homogeneous company
D) globally diverse firm
A) developed nation, is the correct option. Developed nations are characterized by an innovative culture and knowledge-based organizational capability.
Developed nations typically have advanced economies, infrastructure, and institutions that foster innovation and knowledge creation. They prioritize research and development, invest in education and technology, and have a strong emphasis on intellectual property protection.
These nations often have a well-educated workforce and a culture that values creativity, critical thinking, and entrepreneurship. Knowledge-based organizational capability refers to the ability of companies within a nation to leverage knowledge, both internally and externally, to drive innovation, make informed decisions, and adapt to changing market conditions.
This capability is built upon a foundation of knowledge sharing, collaboration, continuous learning, and the effective use of information and technology within the organization.
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An investment of $1000 now will generate the following cash inflows: Equal cash inflow of $274 at the end of each year for the next 7 years. If the market rate is 10.02%, what would be the present value of the above cash flows?
The present value of the cash flows would be approximately $1,468.42.
To calculate the present value of the cash flows, we need to discount each cash inflow back to its present value using the market rate of 10.02%. Since the cash inflows are equal and received at the end of each year for the next 7 years, we can use the formula for the present value of an ordinary annuity.
Using the formula for the present value of an ordinary annuity, the present value (PV) can be calculated as follows:
PV = Cash inflow × [1 - [tex](1 + r)^{(-n)[/tex]] / r
Where:
Cash inflow = $274 (equal cash inflow at the end of each year)
r = market rate = 10.02% = 0.1002
n = number of years = 7
Plugging in the values into the formula, we get:
PV = $274 × [1 - [tex](1 + 0.1002)^{(-7)[/tex]] / 0.1002
PV ≈ $1,468.42
Therefore, the present value of the cash flows is approximately $1,468.42. This represents the current value of the future cash inflows discounted at the market rate of 10.02%.
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Ferris is deciding whether to buy a leopard-print vest OR blue suede shoes. He estimates he will receive 80 utils from the shoes and 100 utils from the vest. The shoes cost $40 and the vest costs $100. If income is not an issue for Ferris and he is a rational consumer then he should
Question options:
Buy the shoes because they cost less than the vest.
Buy the shoes because they provide more utility per dollar spent.
Buy the shoes and the vest because the utilities per dollar they provide are equal for both products.
Buy the vest because it provides more utils than the shoes.
Ferris should buy the shoes because they provide more utility per dollar spent.
Based on the given information, Ferris should buy the shoes because they provide more utility per dollar spent. Utility refers to the satisfaction or happiness derived from consuming a good or service. In this case, Ferris estimates that the shoes will provide him with 80 utils, while the vest will provide him with 100 utils.
To determine the utility per dollar spent, we divide the utils by the price. For the shoes, the utility per dollar spent is 80 utils divided by $40, which equals 2 utils per dollar. For the vest, the utility per dollar spent is 100 utils divided by $100, which also equals 1 utils per dollar.
Since the shoes provide more utility per dollar spent (2 utils per dollar) compared to the vest (1 utils per dollar), Ferris should buy the shoes. As a rational consumer, he would choose the option that maximizes his satisfaction for the money spent.
In summary, Ferris should buy the shoes because they provide more utility per dollar spent. This decision is based on the concept of rational consumer behavior, where individuals aim to maximize their satisfaction given their budget constraints.
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During 2020, Sandhill Company purchased 76000 shares of Whispering Corporation common stock for $1220000 as an equity investment. The fair value of these shares was $1164000 at December 31, 2020. Sandhill sold all of the Whispering stock for $18 per share on December 3, 2021, incurring $52000 in brokerage commissions. Sandhill Company should report a realized gain on the sale of stock of stock in 2021 of.. $152000 $204000 $96000 $148000
Sandhill Company should report a realized gain on the sale of the stock in 2021 of $96,000. The correct option is $96,000.
To calculate the realized gain on the sale of stock, we need to consider the following components:
Initial cost of purchasing the stock:
Sandhill Company purchased 76,000 shares of Whispering Corporation common stock for $1,220,000.
Fair value of the stock at December 31, 2020:
The fair value of the shares at December 31, 2020, was $1,164,000.
Selling price of the stock in 2021:
Each share of Whispering stock was sold by Sandhill Company for $18. Since they had 76,000 shares, the total selling price would be 76,000 * $18 = $1,368,000.
Brokerage commissions incurred during the sale:
Sandhill incurred $52,000 in brokerage commissions during the sale.
Now, let's calculate the realized gain:
Realized Gain = Selling Price - (Initial Cost + Brokerage Commissions)
Realized Gain = $1,368,000 - ($1,220,000 + $52,000)
Realized Gain = $1,368,000 - $1,272,000
Realized Gain = $96,000
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Problem 6-22 CVP Applications; Contribution Margin Ratio; Break-Even Analysis; Cost Structure [LO6-1, LO6-3, LO6-4, LO6-5, LO6-6] Due to erratic sales of its sole product-a high-capacity battery for laptop computers-PEM, Inc., has been experiencing financial difficulty for some time. The company's contribution format income statement for the most recent month is given below: Sales (19,500 units x $30 per unit) Variable expenses Contribution margin Fixed expenses 585,000 409,500 175,500 180,000 Net operating loss $(4,500) Required: 1. Compute the company's CM ratio and its break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales. 2. The president believes that a $16,000 increase in the monthly advertising budget, combined with an intensified effort by the sales staff, will result in an $80,000 increase in monthly sales. If the president is right, what will be the increase (decrease) in the company's monthly net operating income? 3. Refer to the original data. The sales manager is convinced that a 10% reduction in the selling price, combined with an increase of $60,000 in the monthly advertising budget, will double unit sales. If the sales manager is right, what will be the revised net operating income (loss)? 4. Refer to the original data. The Marketing Department thinks that a fancy new package for the laptop computer battery would grow sales. The new package would increase packaging costs by 75 cents per unit. Assuming no other changes, how many units would have to be sold each month to attain a target profit of $9,750? 5. Refer to the original data. By automating, the company could reduce variable expenses by $3 per unit. However, fixed expenses would increase by $72,000 each month a. Compute the new CM ratio and the new break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales. b. Assume that the company expects to sell 26,000 units next month. Prepare two contribution format income statements, one assuming that operations are not automated and one assuming that they are. (Show data on a per unit and percentage basis, as well as in total, for each alternative.) c. Would you recommend that the company automate its operations (Assuming that the company expects to sell 26,000)? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Req 2 Req 1 Req 3 Req 4 Req 5A Req 5B Req 5C Compute the company's CM ratio and its break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales. (Do not round intermediate calculations.) CM ratio % Break-even point in unit sales Break-even point in dollar sales Req 2
Previous question
Increase in net operating income = $24,000
Revised net operating income (loss) = Contribution margin - Fixed expenses
Unit sales = (Fixed expenses + Target profit) / CM per unit
New break-even point in dollar sales = New break-even point in unit sales × Selling price per unit
CM Ratio = Contribution Margin / Sales
CM Ratio = $175,500 / $585,000
CM Ratio = 0.30 or 30%
Break-even point in unit sales:
Break-even point = Fixed Expenses / CM per unit
Break-even point = $180,000 / ($30 - $15)
Break-even point = 12,000 units
Break-even point in dollar sales:
Break-even point = Break-even point in unit sales × Selling Price per unit
Break-even point = 12,000 units × $30
Break-even point = $360,000
1. Increase in net operating income:
Increase in net operating income = Increase in sales × CM ratio
Increase in net operating income = $80,000 × 0.30
Increase in net operating income = $24,000
2. Revised net operating income (loss):
Unit sales = 19,500 × 2 = 39,000 units
Selling price per unit = $30 - 10% of $30 = $27
Variable expenses per unit = Variable expenses / Unit sales = $409,500 / 39,000 units
Total variable expenses = Variable expenses per unit × Unit sales
Contribution margin = Sales - Total variable expenses
Revised net operating income (loss) = Contribution margin - Fixed expenses
3. Number of units to attain a target profit of $9,750:
Fixed expenses + Target profit = Unit sales × CM per unit
Unit sales = (Fixed expenses + Target profit) / CM per unit
4. a. New CM ratio and break-even point:
New CM ratio = (Contribution margin - Total variable expenses) / Sales
New break-even point in unit sales = Fixed expenses / (CM per unit - Variable expenses per unit)
New break-even point in dollar sales = New break-even point in unit sales × Selling price per unit
b. Prepare two contribution format income statements, one with and one without automation, by calculating the contribution margin, fixed expenses, and net operating income for each scenario.
c. Compare the net operating income in each scenario to determine whether automating operations would be recommended.
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businessoperations managementoperations management questions and answersthe majority of online business activities consist of the exchange of products and services either between businesses or between businesses and consumers. an ebusiness model is a plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenues on the internet. ebusiness models fall into one of the four categories: (1) business-to-business, (2)
Question: The Majority Of Online Business Activities Consist Of The Exchange Of Products And Services Either Between Businesses Or Between Businesses And Consumers. An Ebusiness Model Is A Plan That Details How A Company Creates, Delivers, And Generates Revenues On The Internet. Ebusiness Models Fall Into One Of The Four Categories: (1) Business-To-Business, (2)
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Transcribed image text: The majority of online business activities consist of the exchange of products and services either between businesses or between businesses and consumers. An ebusiness model is a plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenues on the Internet. Ebusiness models fall into one of the four categories: (1) business-to-business, (2) business-to-consumer, (3) consumer-tobusiness, and (4) consumer-to-consumer. The goal of this activity for you to think about how different businesses apply ebusiness models. Now think about how different businesses apply ebusiness models. Drag each item below to its correct category on the figure.
The majority of online business activities involve the exchange of products and services between businesses or between businesses and consumers. An ebusiness model is a plan that outlines how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenue on the internet.
There are four main categories of ebusiness models:
1. Business-to-business (B2B): This model focuses on transactions between two businesses. For example, a company that sells office supplies to other businesses would fall under this category.
2. Business-to-consumer (B2C): This model involves transactions between a business and individual consumers. It encompasses online retail and e-commerce platforms where companies sell products or services directly to customers.
3. Consumer-to-business (C2B): In this model, individual consumers offer products or services to businesses. For instance, freelance designers or photographers selling their work to companies would fall into this category.
4. Consumer-to-consumer (C2C): This model involves individuals buying and selling products or services directly to each other. Examples include online marketplaces or auction platforms where people can trade with one another.
These different ebusiness models highlight the diverse ways companies operate and generate revenue online.
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the center of which architectural structure is called a keystone?
The center of an architectural structure where the highest point of an arch comes together is called a keystone.
The keystone is the area in the middle of a building where an arch's highest point is found. A vital element that provides stability and holds the arch together is the keystone. It is frequently the last stone to be set during construction and is crucial in distributing the structure's weight evenly across the arch.
The keystone is frequently adorned with decorative elements and may be of a different size and shape from the other stones in the arch. The keystone which stands for the key to the arch's strength and durability is a distinctive element in architectural design due to its strategic placement and structural significance.
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Chris has to decide between 2 SME's who want to assist in his project. Vendor 1 has a 30% chance of failure and this will have an adverse impact of $1000 to his project. But if Vendor 1 succeeds, there is a 70% chance of a $6000 gain. If he chooses Vendor 2, there is a 40% chance that they may fail resulting in a loss of $1200. If Vendor 2 does succeed, Chris estimates that there is a 67% of a profit of $7500. Explain each step you would take, using a decision tree and Expected Monetary Value, to find out the vendor with the least risk loss.
Vendor 1 is the vendor with the least risk loss. ,Decision tree and Expected Monetary Value (EMV) can be utilized to discover the vendor with the least risk loss. Expected Monetary Value is a statistical tool that predicts the most likely result of a given decision through combining all of the possible results and the probabilities of each potential outcome. The formula for the Expected Monetary Value (EMV) is EMV = ∑(Ei x Pi), where Ei is the outcome for event i, and Pi is the probability of event i.
The steps to find out the vendor with the least risk loss are given below:
Step 1: Create a decision tree. The decision tree can be used to visualize the choices available to Chris and their potential consequences. The decision tree for Chris's project is as follows:
Step 2: Assign probabilities and values. We must assign values and probabilities to the decision tree.
Chris's estimated values and probabilities are listed below: Vendor 1 has a 30% chance of failure and this will have an adverse impact of $1000 to his project. But if Vendor 1 succeeds, there is a 70% chance of a $6000 gain.If Vendor 2 is selected, there is a 40% chance that they may fail resulting in a loss of $1200. If Vendor 2 does succeed, Chris estimates that there is a 67% of a profit of $7500.
Step 3: Calculate Expected Monetary Value (EMV). The EMV calculation can help Chris choose the least risky alternative. The EMV for Vendor 1 is:EMV (Vendor 1) = (0.3 x -$1000) + (0.7 x $6000) = $3400The EMV for Vendor 2 is:EMV (Vendor 2) = (0.4 x -$1200) + (0.6 x $7500) = $3300Thus, Chris can conclude that choosing Vendor 1 is the best decision, as it has a higher EMV than Vendor 2. Therefore, Vendor 1 is the vendor with the least risk loss.
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9.5.1 Assignment 1 You are required to plan, organise, lead and control the implementation of total quality in your organisation. You need to research and use your textbook to answer this question. It
Implementation overall pleasant calls for a comprehensive method that encompasses planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. It entails growing a clear strategic plan, organizing the necessary assets, presenting effective leadership, and setting up management mechanisms to reveal progress and force non-stop development.
Implementing overall first-rate in an agency entails planning, organizing, leading, and controlling various components of the best control technique. The intention is to make sure that the best standards are met during the corporation and that continuous development is fostered. To efficiently put into effect overall quality, several key steps need to be accompanied:
Planning: The first step is to broaden a strategic plan for enforcing general best. This entails putting clean first-rate objectives, figuring out key performance indicators, and organizing a roadmap for attaining the desired results. It is essential to containing top control and relevant stakeholders inside the making plans method to ensure their commitment and support.Organizing: Organizational shape plays a crucial role in implementing overall satisfaction. It is essential to assign clear roles and responsibilities to people or groups liable for fine control. This can also encompass creating a committed satisfactory department or appointing first-rate champions in the course of the business enterprise. Leading: Leadership is crucial in using the implementation of total high-quality. Leaders want to set a clean imaginative and prescient, encourage and encourage employees, and foster a lifestyle of the best at some point in the corporation. They need to lead by means of example, demonstrating their dedication to great and inspiring personnel to embody continuous improvement initiatives. Controlling: Control mechanisms are essential to reveal and compare the effectiveness of total satisfactory implementation. Key performance signs (KPIs) ought to be described to the degree of the progress and success of pleasant tasks. Regular audits, inspections, and reviews must be carried out to perceive areas for improvement and make sure compliance with the best requirements.In precis, imposing overall pleasant calls for a comprehensive method that encompasses planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. It entails growing a clear strategic plan, organizing the necessary assets, presenting effective leadership, and setting up management mechanisms to reveal progress and force non-stop development.
By adopting overall great principles and practices, agencies can beautify client satisfaction, enhance operational performance, and reap sustainable fulfillment in a cutting-edge aggressive enterprise environment.
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The correct question is:
"9.5.1 Assignment 1 You are required to plan, organize, lead, and control the implementation of total quality in your organization. You need to research and use your textbook to answer this question. It must cover everything in detail."
"There is no such thing as supply. It’s demanded all the way
down." Provide an argument supporting this bold statement! 5-7
sentences.
In summary, the statement suggests that supply is ultimately determined by the demand from consumers. This view emphasizes the role of consumer preferences, incentives, and market dynamics in shaping the supply of goods and services.
The statement "There is no such thing as supply.
It's demanded all the way down" suggests that demand is the primary driver of economic activity, while supply is merely a response to that demand.
This argument can be supported by the following points:
1. Demand determines the production of goods and services: In a market economy, producers respond to consumer demand by supplying goods and services.
Without demand, there would be no need for supply.
2. Consumer preferences and needs shape supply: Producers analyze consumer preferences and needs to determine what to produce and in what quantities.
They adjust their supply based on the demand signals received from consumers.
3. Demand creates incentives for suppliers: When there is high demand for a product, suppliers are motivated to increase production to meet that demand.
Conversely, if demand decreases, suppliers may reduce their production levels or discontinue the product altogether.
4. Prices reflect demand: In a competitive market, prices are determined by the interaction of supply and demand.
When demand is high relative to supply, prices tend to rise, signaling producers to increase their supply to capitalize on the opportunity.
5. Shifts in demand affect supply: Changes in consumer tastes, preferences, or incomes can lead to shifts in demand, which in turn influence the supply decisions made by producers.
For example, if there is a surge in demand for electric vehicles, manufacturers may shift their focus towards producing more electric vehicles.
6. Demand-driven innovation: Demand can also drive innovation.
As consumer needs evolve, suppliers respond by developing new products or improving existing ones to satisfy that demand.
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**Please Help**
Cema Ltd. has sales of $10,000,000 per year, and currently has not made any sales on credit for several years, but complains about the sales ceiling. An expert recommends that the company increase its sales conditions to n/45, keeping in mind that it would have to set up a credit bureau at an annual cost of $30,000. The expert assures Cema Ltd. that all customers would opt for the new credit policy and that bad debt losses would constitute 2% of sales. The interest rate charged by the bank is 18%, while the tax rate to which the company is subject is 50%. The cost of sales is 66%, the variable operating costs 15% of sales and the annual fixed costs $200,000. It is necessary to consider 360 days for the calculations.
We ask:
To determine the increase in sales required to leave the net income of Cema Ltd. unchanged if the new policy was implemented.
The current net income of Cema Ltd. is:
net income = sales - cost of sales - variable operating costs - fixed costs
= 10,000,000 - 6600,000 - 1,500,000 - 200,000 = $2,500,000
The new credit policy would increase the cost of sales by 2%, or $200,000. It would also increase the variable operating costs by 18% of the bad debt losses, or $36,000.
The interest expense on the bad debts would be 18% * $200,000 = $36,000.
The total increase in costs would be $200,000 + $36,000 + $36,000 = $272,000.
Therefore, the new net income would be:
net income = 2,500,000 - 272,000 = $2,228,000
To leave the net income unchanged, the new sales would need to be:
sales = net income / (1 - tax rate) + fixed costs
= 2,228,000 / (1 - 0.5) + 200,000 = $10,570,000
Therefore, the new sales would need to increase by $10,570,000 - $10,000,000 = $570,000.
So the answer is 570,000
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