The ranking of the given acids from weakest to strongest can be as follows:
A) HFO2 < HClO2 < HBrO2 < HIO2
B) HIO < HIO2 < HIO3 < HIO4
C) HF < HCl < HBr < HI
How can one determine acidity?Acidity is determined by the strength of the acid's bond to its hydrogen ion (H+). The weaker the bond, the stronger the acid. In general, acid strength increases as you go down a group in the periodic table and as the oxidation state of the central atom increases.
A) The order of acidity is based on the oxidation state of the central atom, Oxygen has -1 oxidation state, hence HIO2 has the highest oxidation state and would be the strongest acid.
B) The order of acidity is based on the oxidation state of the central atom, Iodine has -1 oxidation state and -3 oxidation state, hence HIO4 has the highest oxidation state and would be the strongest acid.
C) The order of acidity is based on the electronegativity of the central atom, Fluorine is the most electronegative element hence HF is the strongest acid, and Iodine is the least electronegative element hence HI is the weakest acid.
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why is the fuel coal worse than oil and natural gas for the climate?
Coal combustion produces more greenhouse gases than the combustion of any other fossil fuel
Explanation:
There are a handful of coal types, but almost all contribute substantially more CO2 into the air than other fossil fuels upon combustion.
define efflo
rescent salt
Answer:
Efflorescence is a deposit of salts, usually white, formed on a surface, the substance having emerged in solution from within either concrete or masonry and subsequently precipitated by evaporation
how to use average bond energies and standard enthalpy of formation to find standard enthalpy of formation
The standard enthalpy of formation can be ΔH fo[A] = 433 KJ/mol.
This equation essentially states that the standard enthalpy change of formation is equal to the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the products minus the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the reactants. and the standard enthalpy of formation values: ΔH fo[A] = 433 KJ/mol. Enthalpy of formation is the enthalpy change for the formation of 1 mol of a compound from its component elements, such as the formation of carbon dioxide from carbon and oxygen. The formation of any chemical can be as a reaction from the corresponding elements:
elements→compound
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300.0 ml of a 0.425 m solution of nai is diluted to 700.0 ml. what is the new concentration of the solution?
After solving the equation: the new concentration of the solution is 0.301 M.
What is concentration?Concentration is the act of focusing one's attention on a particular task or activity. It is a vital skill for achieving success in any endeavor, as it allows an individual to stay focused on the task at hand and block out distractions. Concentration can be improved with practice and determination, as well as through certain strategies, such as breaking up large tasks into smaller, more manageable ones, and setting realistic goals. Additionally, creating a conducive environment for concentration, such as minimizing or eliminating distractions, can help improve focus.
The new concentration of the solution can be calculated using the formula:
C1V1 = C2V2
Where C1 is the original concentration, V1 is the original volume, C2 is the new concentration, and V2 is the new volume
In this case, C1 = 0.425 M, V1 = 300.0 mL, and V2 = 700.0 mL.
Plugging these values into the equation, we get:
0.425 M x 300.0 mL = C2 x 700.0 mL
Solving for C2, we get:
C2 = 0.301 M
Therefore, the new concentration of the solution is 0.301 M.
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To understand how ATP powers cellular work, you need to understand basic concepts of free energy change in different types of chemical reactions.Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. Terms may be used more than once.Terms:NegativeExergonicPositiveEndergonic1. A reaction that occurs spontaneously - without an input of energy - is ______________2. A reaction that occurs nonspontaneously - it requires an input of energy - is _________________3. Exergonic reactions result in products that have less free energy than the reactants, thus free energy is released and ΔG is __________________4. Endergonic reactions result in products that have more free energy than the reactants, thus free energy is absorbed and ΔG is ______________5. A cell can only carry out an___________reaction by pairing it with an____________reaction, such as ATP hydrolysis.
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is the primary kind of energy used by cells. It can be broken down to release the energy stored in its high-energy phosphate bonds.
Endergonic reactions, which demand an energy input, are driven by the energy generated from the breakdown of ATP. Numerous cellular functions, including muscular contractions, the active transport of molecules across membranes, and the creation of molecules, are all powered by ATP.
The correct sentences are -
1. A reaction that occurs spontaneously - without an input of energy - is exergonic
2. A reaction that occurs nonspontaneously - it requires an input of energy - is endergonic
3. Exergonic reactions result in products that have less free energy than the reactants, thus free energy is released and ΔG is negative
4. Endergonic reactions result in products that have more free energy than the reactants, thus free energy is absorbed and ΔG is positive
5. A cell can only carry out an endergonic reaction by pairing it with an exergonic reaction, such as ATP hydrolysis.
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how much nacl should be added to 0.35 l of a 0.15 m solution of agno3 so that it reacts completely with the silver to form agcl(s)
3.08 g of NaCl should be added to 0.35 L of a 0.15 M solution of AgNO3 so that it reacts completely with the silver to form AgCl(s).
What is solution?Solution is a process or action that is used to resolve a problem or issue. Solutions can be found through brainstorming, analysis, research, trial and error, and experimentation.
To calculate how much NaCl should be added to a 0.35 L solution of 0.15 M AgNO3 to completely react with the silver to form AgCl(s), we need to use the stoichiometric ratio of the reactants. The reaction of AgNO3 and NaCl is:
AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl(s) + NaNO3
The ratio of AgNO3 to NaCl is 1:1, so we need to add an equal amount of moles of NaCl as AgNO3.
To calculate the moles of AgNO3, we need to use the following equation:
Moles = (Concentration)(Volume)
Moles of AgNO3 = (0.15 M)(0.35 L) = 0.0525 moles
Since we need an equal amount of moles of NaCl, we can calculate the amount of NaCl needed as:
NaCl = (0.0525 moles)(58.44 g/mol) = 3.08 g
Therefore, 3.08 g of NaCl should be added to 0.35 L of a 0.15 M solution of AgNO3 so that it reacts completely with the silver to form AgCl(s).
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52 km north is a vector quantity true or false
Answer:
True
Explanation: Scalar quantity is magnitude without direction. But, a vector quantity is a magnitude with direction.
the pressure of a gas is increased from 100 mmhg to 120 mmhg. what effect will this change have on the temperature of the gas?
The pressure of a gas is increased from 100 mmhg to 120 mmhg. The temperature of the gas is also increases.
What is pressure ?The term pressure is defined as an expression of force exerted on a surface per unit area. It is represented by the symbol "P".
The molecules of a gas receive more energy when heated, causing them to move more quickly. This results in increased pressure and more impacts on the container's walls. On the other hand, cooling the molecules will cause them to slow down and reduce pressure.
Pressure and temperature are directly related to each other, so if the pressure increased, the temperature is also increase.
Thus, The pressure of a gas is increased from 100 mmhg to 120 mmhg. The temperature of the gas is also increases.
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which statement best describes the movement of carbon dioxide into or out of a plant during photosythensis
During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) from the air and soil.
What is the movement of carbon dioxide into or out of a plant during photosynthesis?Once the carbon dioxide takes up the plant, the process starts with the help of sunlight and water. During this procedure, the plant combines carbon dioxide with water to let the plant extract what it needs for food.
So which statement best explain the movement of carbon dioxide and oxygen during photosynthesis so uh carbon dioxide literally moves into a plant, whereas oxygen will move out and we know this is very major for us because we release carbon dioxide, and then plants release oxygen.
So we can conclude that Carbon dioxide and oxygen cannot pass through the cuticle, but proceed in and out of leaves through an aperture called stomata.
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what do all group 2 elements have in common? (2 points) group of answer choices they all gain two electrons to form a stable outer energy level. they form covalent bonds with halogens. they all react easily with the noble gases. they tend to form ionic bonds by losing electrons.
Due of their propensity to create ionic connections by giving up electrons, group 2 elements all share this trait. option (d) is correct.
What are three electron-related facts?The negatively charged particles known as electrons revolve around the outer edges of the nucleus. For scientists, it can be challenging to monitor them because of how quickly they spin. The tiniest particles in an atom, you can put 20,000 of them inside a proton, they are drawn to the positive ion of the protons.
Same-group electrons have similar chemcial and physical characteristics. Group-2 is the alkaline earth metals which have tendency to lose two electrons to form the M+2 types of metal ions as after losing two electrons they get the Noble gas configuration.
Since they tend to lose electrons therefore they will form ionic bond with non-metals and results to form the ionic compounds.
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The Complete Question :
what do all group 2 elements have in common? (2 points) group of answer choices
(a) they all gain two electrons to form a stable outer energy level.
(b) they form covalent bonds with halogens.
(c) they all react easily with the noble gases
(d) they tend to form ionic bonds by losing electrons.
Due of their propensity to create ionic connections by giving up electrons, group 2 elements all share this trait.
Thus, they tend to form ionic bonds by losing electrons, this is the correct option.
What are three electron-related facts?The negatively charged particles known as electrons revolve around the outer edges of the nucleus. For scientists, it can be challenging to monitor them because of how quickly they spin. The tiniest particles in an atom, you can put 20,000 of them inside a proton, they are drawn to the positive ion of the protons.
Same-group electrons have similar chemical and physical characteristics. Group-2 is the alkaline earth metals which have tendency to lose two electrons to form the M+2 types of metal ions as after losing two electrons they get the Noble gas configuration.
Since they tend to lose electrons therefore they will form ionic bond with non-metals and results to form the ionic compounds.
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calculate the molecular formula of a compound that has a molar mass of 60.0 g/mol and an empirical formula of ch4n.
Answer:
The molecular formula will be a whole number multiple of the empirical formula.
The molar mass of the empirical formula (CH4N) is 12 + 4 + 14 = 30 g/mol.
60.0 g/mol ÷ 30 g/mol = 2
Molecular formula = C2H8N2
4. After 15 minutes, another solution is added to the reaction flask and the % Transmittance returns to 100%. Did another reaction take place? Please explain your answer.
Based on the graph and the information provided, it can be stated another solution took place as there is a change in the properties of the substance.
What is transmittance?The word "transmittance" refers to the ratio or in this case the percentage of light that can pass through a substance of object. This concept implies that if the tranmittance is 100% is beceuse 100% of the light is passing through the sample and 0% is of the light is being absorbed by it. In the same way if the transmittance is 20% is because the solution has likely become more dense and 80% of the light is being absorbed.
What happened if the transmittance returns to 100%?Considering the transmittance is directly related to concentration and density if there is a big change in the transmittance such as this returning to 100% it is likely because there was a chemical reaction that changed the properties (density) or concentrion of the sample.
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select the best statement. multiple choice chemical changes provide the only valid basis for identification of a substance. chemical changes are easily reversed by altering the temperature of the system. chemical changes always produce substances different from the starting materials. chemical changes are associated primarily with extensive properties. chemical changes are accompanied by changes in the total mass of the substances involved.
The best statement is chemical changes are easily reversed by altering the temperature of the system and chemical changes are associated primarily with extensive properties.
Extensive properties: what are they?The amount of materials in a sample can affect a property known as an extensive property. Examples of extensive attributes include mass and volume. A material's intense properties are those that are solely dependent on the type of sampled material and not on its quantity.
When would the system's temperature start to drop?Temperature is an indicator of the system's atoms' or molecules' typical kinetic energy. The system's temperature drops due to adiabatic expansion. The temperature stays the same during an isothermal process. An adiabatic compression raises the system's temperature.
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How many moles of potassium bromide, KBr, are in 0.250 L of a 2.00 M solution?
The number of moles of a salt in a solution is the product of its volume in liter and molarity. Hence, number of moles of potassium bromide, KBr, are in 0.250 L of a 2.00 M solution is 0.5.
What is molarity ?Molarity of a solution is the ratio of the number of moles of its solute to the volume of solution in liter.
To determine the number of moles of potassium bromide (KBr) in a 0.250 L of a 2.00 M solution, we can use the formula:
moles = concentration x volume
where concentration is in units of moles per liter (M), and volume is in liters (L).
Substituting the given values into the formula, we get:
moles = 2.00 M x 0.250 L
= 0.500 mol
Therefore, there are 0.500 moles of KBr in 0.250 L of a 2.00 M solution.
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Answer:
0.5
Explanation:
Acellus
Which arrow represents an instance of potential energy being used to create a chemical bond?
a.) arrow between photosystem II and O2
b.) arrow between the sunlight and photosystem II
c.) arrow between chemiosmosis and Calvin cycle
d.) arrow between H2O and photosystem II
The high-energy molecule that powers the Calvin cycle, ATP, is formed by the binding of ADP and Pi using the potential energy of the proton gradient.
What does the acronym ATP mean?The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) uses the Pepperstone ATP rankings as a merit-based mechanism to determine a player's eligibility for entrance as well as their seeding in all singles and doubles competitions.
What is the ATP ranking on Pepperstone?Fans commonly refer to the Pepperstone ATP Rankings as "the world rankings." For instance, Novak Djokovic is considered the best player in the world when he is ranked first in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings.
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Write the correct chemical formulas for the resulting ionic compounds when the cations in the left column combine with the anions in the top rows Name of the jonic compound SOz Name of the ionic compound Ag Mg?
The correct chemical formula for the ionic compound formed when the cation Ag (silver) combines with the anion SO2 (sulfite) is AgSO2. This compound is an ionic salt containing positively charged silver cations and negatively charged sulfite anions.
The correct chemical formula for the ionic compound formed when the cation Mg (magnesium) combines with the anion SO2 (sulfite) is MgSO2. This compound is also an ionic salt containing positively charged magnesium cations and negatively charged sulfite anions.
Both AgSO2 and MgSO2 are white solids at room temperature and are soluble in water. They are both used in industrial applications such as in the production of fertilizers and detergents.
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Which of the following occurs during the Calvin cycle?
(A) carbon fixation
(B) reduction of NADP
(C) release of oxygen
(D) generation of Co2
Carbon fixation is the first step in the Calvin cycle so option - A is correct answer.
Is CO₂ fixation a part of the Calvin cycle?It makes use of the ATP and NADPH generated by the light reaction of photosynthesis. The Calvin cycle's first step, carbon fixation, sees CO₂ fixed to a stable organic intermediate through the carboxylation of RUBP.
The Calvin cycle is a series of reactions that take place in the chloroplast stoma of a plant cell. With the help of ATP and NADPH, the chemical reactions change carbon dioxide into glucose. These reactions take place in a chloroplast's stoma, which is its interior cavity or fluid-filled area.
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what happens to the volume and surface area when dividing a cube into smaller pieces (with explanation)
Answer: Upon successive breakage into smaller cubes, each time by halving the sides, the volume remains constant while the surface area increases dramatically. The total area of all cubes at each iteration is the red dot on the continuous line plot of area/volume.
Explanation: Hope this helps
Answer:
The total volume is the same and the total surface area doubles.
Explanation:
We know that the total volume for the large cube and the total volume for the small cubes is the same but that the surface area for the smaller cubes is double that of the large cube. So the volume-to-surface-area ratio is as to for the large cube and as to two for the small cubes. The smaller cubes are much more reactive than the large cube because of this ratio. And that is why nanoparticles are so reactive and so useful to us because of this large surface area and very small particles.
Question Match the element with the correct number of valence electrons. Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse. aluminum magnesium fluorine arsenic 12345678
The valence electrons are;
aluminum - 3
magnesium - 2
fluorine - 7
arsenic - 5
What is the valence electrons?We have to note that when we talk about the valence electrons we mean the electrons that we can be able to find at the outermost shell of the atom. In the case of the atoms that we have here. We would have to look at the shell where the electrons can be found.
In this case, we can see that have the following elements that we need to determine the valence electrons; aluminum magnesium fluorine arsenic. This can be done when we look at the groups that they belong to in the periodic table.
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find [oh−] of a 0.33 m methylamine (ch3nh2) solution. (methylamine has a kb value of 4.4×10−4.)
Since no suitable negative concentrations exist, Yer 0.01165M is eligible only. The solution's 0.01165M hydroxyl ion concentration is what it means.
Describe the concentration principle.The responsibility of the parties to take particular procedural steps during particular stages of hostile proceedings so order to hasten the procedures and the court's decision makes up the principle on concentration to be one of the main branch principles in civil processes.
In chemistry terms, what does concentration mean?The amount of solute dissolved in the solvent is indicated by concentration of the solution. This concentration could be stated as one teaspoon of salt per two cups of water, for instance. The solution contains 5% by weight acetone, according to the vinegar label.
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How many moles of hydrogen
gas
are contained in 21.3 L at
STP?
E: PV = nRT
use R =
G / P = 1atm
T = 273K
V = 21.3L
U:n = [?] mol
*
0.0821 Latm
mol. K
0.951 moles of hydrogen gas are contained in 21.3 L of STP.
What is an ideal gas law ?Ideal gas law is also called as real gas law. It is defined as for any gas, its volume (V) multiplied by its pressure (P) is equal to the number of moles of gas (n) multiplied by its temperature (T) multiplied by the ideal gas constant, R.
By using the ideal gas law equation;
PV=nRT
where,
P - Pressure of the gas
V - Volume occupied by the gas
n - number of moles of gas present
R - universal gas constant, usually given as 0.0821
T - absolute temperature of the gas
STP conditions are defined as a pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of 273.15 K.
By putting this value in given equation
n = 1 × 21.3 / 8.314 × 273
= 0.951 moles.
Thus, 0.951 moles of hydrogen gas are contained in 21.3 L of STP.
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gaseous methane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water . suppose 12.8 g of methane is mixed with 75. g of oxygen. calculate the minimum mass of methane that could be left over by the chemical reaction. round your answer to significant digits.
Thus, we can infer that 4.3 g of methane is the least amount of methane that could remain after the chemical reaction.
What is methane explain?Colorless, odorless, and extremely combustible gas is methane (CH4). It is made of hydrogen and carbon. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, it is also a powerful greenhouse gas, which means it contributes to increasing heat and so has an impact on climate change.
Where is methane found?The digestive processes in termites and emissions from marshes and oceans are two of the main natural sources of methane. Human-related sources include growing rice, constructing landfills, keeping cattle and other reproductive animals (cow burps! ), and producing energy.
The given reaction is:
CH_4+2O_2→CO_2+2H_2 O
The number of moles equals the mass divided by the molar mass, as is well known. Methane has a molar mass of 16 g/mol.
Hence, No of moles = mass/molarmass
=12.8g/16g/mol
=0.8mol
Oxygen has a molar mass of 32 g/mol.
Hence, its number of moles = mass/molarmass
=75g/32g/mol
=2.34mol
One mole of methane requires two moles of oxygen, as the reaction demonstrates.
Thus, 2.34 moles of oxygen are required for every 0.493 moles of methane, or 4.68 moles total.
just 2.34 moles of oxygen are available for the process. Therefore, oxygen is the limiting reagent.
Therefore, 2.34 moles of oxygen demand the following amount of methane.
2.34/2=1.17 moles
So, 0.225 moles of methane is equal to 1.17×16=18.72g
As 18.72 g of methane and oxygen combine. As a result, the remaining methane is computed as follows.
(18.72g-12.8g) = 5.92g
Consequently, 5.92g is the minimal mass of methane.
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Which choice(s) correctly rank(s) the bonds in terms of increasing polarity?
I. CI-F < Br-CI < CI-CI
II. H-C < H-N < H-O
III. Br-F < -F < Cl-F
IV. Si-CI < Si-P < Si-C < Si-F
Il only
I, Il only
l only
I, III, IV only
II, IV only
In terms of increased polarity, the bonds should be in the following order: H-C, H-N, and H-O.
What does the chemical term "bond" mean?Atoms in molecules are held together by chemical bonds. Electrostatic forces between negatively charged electrons and positive charge atomic nuclei give rise to bonds.
I.) Cl-F = 3.98-3.16 = 0.82
Br-Cl = 2.96-3.16 = 0.2
Cl-Cl = 3.16-3.16 = 0
Therefore Cl-F > Br-Cl > Cl-Cl
II.) H-C = 2.55-2.2= 0.35
H-N = 3.04-2.2 = 0.84
H-O = 3.44-2.2 1.24
Therefore, H-O > H-N > H-C is the correct order
III.) Br-F = 2.96-3.980=1.02
I-F = 3.98-2.66 = 1.32
Cl-F = 3.98-3.16= 0.82
Therefore I-F > Br-F > Cl-F
IV.) Si-Cl = 3.16-1.90 = 1.26
Si-P = 2.19-1.9 = 0.29
Si-C = 2.55-1.9 = 0.65
Si-F = 3.98-1.9 = 2.08
Therefore Si-F > Si-Cl > Si-C > Si-P
Hence, only second (II) order is correct.
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What mass of H2O is produced by the combustion of 2.00 mol of CH4?
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
Answer:
The mass of water produced by the combustion of methane is 33.7 grams.
which of these statements are true for a neutral, aqueous solution at 25 °c?
[H+] = [OH-]
pH = 7.00
pOH = 7.00
The statement which holds true for a neutral, aqueous solution at 25 °C are cane be written as:
The pH = 7.00
where, [ H + ] = [ OH − ]
And pOH = 7.00
The statement which is/are true for a neutral, aqueous solution regardless of temperature is;
[ H + ] = [ OH − ]
We must know that at standard temperature, 25°C, a neutral, aqueous solution has it's pH = pOH = 7. Additionally, the hydrogen ion concentration, [H+] is equal to its hydroxide ion concentration, [OH-]
The pH is slightly affected if there is any change in temperature as it decreases with increase in temperature.
In a neutral aqueous solution, there are always the same concentration of hydrogen ions,[H+] and hydroxide ions, [OH-] and hence, the solution is still neutral (even if its pH changes).
To summarize, the pH of a solution will decreases with increase in temperature and vice versa.
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if you have started with a 1.77g of methyl salicylate, what is the theoretical yield of salicylic acid according to the balanced overall equation given in the lab manual, assuming methyl salicylate is the limiting reagent?
The theoretical yield of salicylic acid according to the balanced overall equation is found to be 1.6g.
Which yield is considered theoretical?The maximum mass of a product that can be produced in a chemical process is known as the theoretical yield. The balanced chemical equation can be used to calculate it. the limiting reactant's mass and relative formula mass. The percent yield is 100% if the theoretical and actual yields are equal. Because the real yield is frequently lower than the theoretical value, percent yield is typically lower than 100%.
Molar mass methyl salicylate = 152 g/mole
moles methyl salicylate present = 1.77 x 1/152= 0.0116 moles
Theoretical yield of salicylic acid = 0.0116 x 138g/mol = 1.6g of salicylic acid
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explain the use of chemical and physical properties in the development of the periodic table activity
Elements in the each column possess similar chemical and physical properties.
Periodic table is organized in several different ways, most notably by increasing the atomic number. Because the elements are arranged by atomic number, and they are lined up in columns. Elements in each of the column will possess chemical and physical properties. The main three categories of elements are: metals, nonmetals as well as metalloids. Elements share some physical and chemical properties like: Ductility, Solids at room temperature, It has shiny luster, Conducts electricity and it form positively charged ions (cations) as they tend to lose negative electrons easily in the chemical reactions.
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A molecular compound has the empirical formula XY3. Which of the following is a possible molecular formula? a. X2Y3
b. X2Y6
c. XY4
d. X2Y5
An empirical formula is the simplest ratio of atoms in a chemical compound, it gives the lowest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound. A molecular formula is the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
In this case, the empirical formula XY3 gives the ratio of atoms in the compound, but not the actual number of atoms. The molecular formula of the compound can be a multiple of the empirical formula.
A possible molecular formula for the compound with the empirical formula XY3 is:
b. X2Y6: This is a possible molecular formula for the compound, as it is a multiple of the empirical formula, and it matches the ratio of atoms in the compound.
This is because, in order to obtain the molecular formula, you need to know the molecular weight or the molar mass, which can be obtained by isotopic analysis or other methods, once you have the molecular weight, you can calculate the number of atoms of each element in the compound.
WILL GIVE BRAINILIST
4.0 mol Na reacts with 2.5 mol
F2 according to the equation below:
2Na+ F₂ → 2NaF
How many moles of NaF form
from 4.0 mol Na?
[?] mol NaF
Round your answer to the tenths place.
mol NaF
Enter
Moles of NaF form from 4.0 mol Na is
Firstly we have to find the limiting reagent for this
moles of Na = 4 moles/2 moles = 2 moles
moles of F2 = 2.5 moles/1 moles = 2.5 moles
In chemistry, the mole, also written mol, is a standard scientific unit for the calculation of large amounts of very small entities, such as atoms, molecules, or other objects
So, from here we can see that Na is the limiting reagent so product will be determined by this
2 moles of Na give 2 moles of NaF
1 moles will give 1 moles of NaF
4 mole will give 4 moles of NaF
Hence, Moles of NaF form from 4.0 mol Na is 4 moles
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Answer:
4 moles
Explanation:
Titration for Acetic Acid in Vinegar-Lab Report Exercise 1: Determining the Concentration of Acetic Acid Data Table 1. NaOH Titration Volume Initial NaOH Volume (mL) 8.59 9.20 9.20 Final NaOH Volume Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 (mL) 0.20 1.00 2.01 Total volume of NaOH used (mL) 8.39 8.20 7.19 Average Volume of NaOH Used (mL): 7.93 Data Table 2. Concentration of CH3COOH in Vinegar Average volume of NaOH Concentration CH3COOH % CH3C00H in vinegar used (mL) in vinegar (mol/L) 7.93 0.793 4.76% If the manufacturer of the vinegar used in the experiment stated that the vinegar contained 5.0% acetic acid, what would the percent error between your result and the manufacturer's statement be? Show your calculations. . Given Average volume of NaOH7.93mL Volume of acetic acid 5.0mL Conceptual Plan M1V1 M2V2 M1 M2V2/V1 Percent error((accepted value - experimental value)/accepted value) x 100 Solve 0.5M x 7.93mL 5.0mL 0.793M. . CH3COOH 0.793M Moles of acetic acid (1000mLx5 g/100mL) x 1mol /60.05g 0.833mol Molarity 0.833mol1L 0.833M Percent error-(0.833 M-0.793 M ) / 0.833 M) x 100-4.80 % Percent error = 4.80 %
The mass of acetic acid found to be 0.675g and percentage acetic acid in vinegar is 9.64%
Why are titrations performed?Titration is used to determine the equivalence point, or the point at which chemically equivalent amounts of the reactants have been incorporated. The quantity of reactants that have been mixed at the equivalence point will depend on the stoichiometry of the reaction.
In question which percentage of acetic acid in vinegar is asked it should be
M₁V₁ (acetic acid)= M₂ V₂ (NaOH)
M₁ = 1.5M ×7.5 mL = 11.25mmol
Mass of acetic acid = (11.25×60)/1000= 0.675 g
% acetic acid in vinegar = (0.675×100)/7= 9.64
Furthermore, the addition of phenolphthalein to the base will cause the color change at the end point to be undone.
Rest of answers appear to be accurate.
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