In order for the operon to be fully inducible, the crp-camp complex must be at high concentration and it must bind to the regulatory region of the operon.
Because the lac operon is typically shut off (repressed), but can be activated in the presence of the inducer, allolactose, it is referred to as an inducible operon. Catabolite activator protein, or CAP, attaches to a section of DNA right before the lac operon promoter and aids RNA polymerase in binding to the promoter, promoting a lot of transcription.
E. coli produces cAMP as a "hunger signal" in low glucose conditions. cAMP binds to CAP and changes its structure, allowing it to bind DNA and activate transcription. Without cAMP, CAP is inactive due to its inability to bind DNA. Therefore, high levels of lac operon transcription are only possible in the absence of glucose.
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An individual having two different alleles of a specific gene is described as being _________ for that specific trait.
Answer:
Heterozygous
Explanation:
the nervous system is itself divided into which systems? multiple choice question. central nervous system and peripheral nervous system motor nervous system and sensory nervous system afferent nervous system and efferent nervous system lateral nervous system and peripheral nervous system
The nervous system is itself divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
What is the nervous system?The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and complex network of nerves. The nervous system is divided into the CNS (central nervous system) and the PNS (peripheral nervous system) The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. They are so important that the brain and spinal cord, located in the dorsal body cavity, are encased in bone for protection. What is the main function of the nervous system?The main function of the nervous system is to collect various sensory information. We process, interpret and integrate this information. Produces appropriate responses throughout the body
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In the somatic cell of a mammalian female, one of the two x chromosomes is randomly inactivated and condensed, resulting in the formation of a ________.
In the somatic cell of a mammalian female, one of the two x chromosomes is randomly inactivated and condensed, resulting in the formation of a Barr Body.
One of the two X chromosomes is randomly and irreversibly inactivated in cells other than egg cells very early in female embryonic development. The term "X-inactivation" or "lyonization" refers to this process. Females, like males, have one functioning copy of the X chromosome in each body cell thanks to X-inactivation. In placental mammals like humans, the choice of which X chromosome will be inactivated in a certain embryonic cell is random, but if an X chromosome is inactivated, it will be inactive for the lifetime of the cell and its offspring in the organism (its cell line). The outcome is that all of the organism's cells have an equally distributed distribution of inactivated X chromosomes, with roughly half of the cells having an inactivated paternal X chromosome and the other half having an inactivated maternal X chromosome (X-inactivation).
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g was it possible to detect peroxidase activity in the presence of the inhibitor by increasing enzyme concentration? why or why not?
During the onset of a nonhost hypersensitive reaction (HR), changes in the activity and distribution of the enzyme were investigated.
How can one determine the peroxidase activity?By calculating the yellow product's absorbance at 450 nm, peroxidase activity was quantified. The peroxidase activity was inversely related to the increase in absorbance.
What function did peroxidase serve in the enzyme experiment?Its job is to degrade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), one of the poisons created as a consequence of breathing in oxygen.
The outcomes of this experiment showed that temperature, concentration level, and pH all had a significant impact on hydrogen peroxidase activity.
The unfolding of protein globules and loss of peroxidase activity are both influenced by temperatures of 60 degrees Celsius and higher.
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a defective hepatocyte was isolated from a liver cancer patient. this hepatocyte contains approximately 75 active protein kinase a (pka) molecules, even in the absence of epinephrine. what is a plausible explanation
The cell's adenylate cyclase gene has a mutation that makes cyclase active all the time. The cell's phosphorylase kinase gene has a mutation that makes the kinase active all the time. The cell's adenylate cyclase gene has a mutation that makes cyclase inactive all the time. The cell's glycogen phosphorylase gene has a mutation that makes the phosphorylase active all the time.
What do kinases do?Protein kinases (PKs) are enzymes responsible for transferring the γ-phosphate group of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to target proteins, mediating a wide range of signal transductions and regulating different cellular activities.
What do kinases and phosphorylase enzymes do?In biochemistry, a kinase, is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules (such as ATP) to specific target molecules (substrates). The process is called phosphorylation. The target molecule can be activated or inactivated by phosphorylation.
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Which of the qualities is a major difference between all spore-dispersing and seed-dispersing plants? select all that apply.
The gametophytes of seed plants are never exposed to the outside environment, and in seed plants, dispersed spores contain a multicellular gametophyte. These traits are a major difference between all spore-dispersing and seed-dispersing plants.
The movement, spreading, or transportation of seeds away from the parent plant is referred to as seed dispersal in spermatophyte plants. Because of their restricted mobility, plants rely on a range of dispersal vectors, including both abiotic vectors like the wind and living vectors like birds, to spread their seeds. Plants whose seeds are dispersed by the wind include orchid seeds, dandelions, swan plants, cottonwood trees, hornbeams, ash, cattails, puya, and willow herbs. When seeds are dispersed using this method, they float away from the parent plant. Spore dispersal happens in two steps. Spore discharge or release comes first. Dispersal away from the parent is the next step. For the release and spread of their spores, fungi have developed a variety of diverse processes. Spores are spread by plants like mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.
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Specialized structures are expressed with the help of mRNA. What role does mRNA play?
It is true that specialized structures are expressed with the help of mRNA and it's role is described below.
mRNA are the type of RNA found in cells. messenger RNA molecules carry the genetic info required to form proteins. They carry the data from the DNA within the nucleus of the cell to the protoplasm wherever the proteins are created. conjointly referred to as ribonucleic acid.
The role of messenger RNA is to hold macromolecule info from the DNA in an exceedingly cell's nucleus to the cell's protoplasm (watery interior), wherever the macromolecule-making machinery reads the messenger RNA sequence and interprets every three-base sequence into its corresponding aminoalkanoic acid in an exceedingly growing protein chain. This molecule (mRNA) is a nexus between DNA and proteins.
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if any one of the four nucleotide precursors were omitted from the incubation mixture, would significant radioactivity be found in the precipitate? explain.
No. The incorporation of 32P into DNA results from the synthesis of new DNA, which calls for the presence of all 4 nucleotide precursors.
Nucleotides have an important role within the physiology of organisms as constructing blocks of nucleic acids, garage of chemical power, carriers of activated metabolites for biosynthesis, structural moieties of coenzymes, and metabolic regulators.
Nucleotides incorporate 3 function components: a nitrogenous base, a pentose, and one or greater phosphate businesses. The nitrogenous bases are derivatives of two-parent heterocyclic compounds, purine, and pyrimidine. The principal pyrimidine bases are cytosine, thymine, and uracil.
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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.
if any one of the four nucleotide precursors were omitted from the incubation mixture, would significant radioactivity be found in the precipitate? explain.
Considering that they require an oxygen-free environment, how do obligate anaerobes survive in the human body?.
Obligate anaerobes are able to survive in the human body as they are able to survive in places where aerobic organisms quickly use the available oxygen. They can also survive in areas with impaired blood flow (reducing oxygen availability).
In the field of biology, obligate anaerobes can be described as organisms that cannot survive in an atmosphere that has oxygen.
Inside the human body, obligate parasites will usually stay at parts of the body that readily uses oxygen. Also, they can stay in areas where there is reduced or no blood flow. This is because the blood is the component that distributes oxygen to the body. Such regions that have impaired blood flow will not be able to get oxygen.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Considering that they require an oxygen-free environment, how do obligate anaerobes survive in the human body?
They are able to use enzymes to convert reactive oxygen species to harmless molecules.
They are able to survive in places where aerobic organisms quickly use the available oxygen. They can also survive in areas with impaired blood flow (reducing oxygen availability).
They live inside of organelles, such as peroxisomes.
Obligate anaerobes are unable to survive in the human body.
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We see here a method of asexual reproduction, binary fission, in which one organism splits into two separate organisms. In other organisms, part of an individual separates and forms a second individual. This process occurs in many asteroid echinoderms through splitting of the central disk. This type of reproduction is analogous to growth in humans because relies on the process of.
Similar features that have a different evolutionary origin are frequently referred to as analogous features. Because it depends on the mitotic process, this kind of reproduction is comparable to human growth.
What is mitosis?The process of mitosis promotes growth in human cells. It is a process that involves the division of cells, but it also ensures expansion by multiplying existing cells. The cell itself will divide, resulting in the formation of two daughter cells that are identical in their composition.
Analogous characteristics are sometimes referred to as features that perform the same job but have a distinct evolutionary origin. For example, the wings of insects and birds perform the same purpose but have a different evolutionary origin. Due to the fact that it is dependent on the mitotic process, this mode of reproduction is comparable to the process of growth in humans.
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When two forces act on an object in opposite directions, how should you calculate the net force?
Answer:
the net force is equal to the difference between the two forces.
Explanation:
In other words, one force is subtracted from the other to calculate the net force
Where does the energy entering the cycle used to phosphorylate adp originate from?.
The energy used in oxidative phosphorylation comes from the electrons created during the oxidation of biological substances. The energy used in photosynthesis originates from the sun's light.
What is phosphorylation ?A biochemical procedure where phosphate is added to an organic molecule. As two examples, phosphate can be added to glucose to create glucose monophosphate or to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP).The mechanism through which ATP synthesis is connected to the flow of electrons through the mitochondrial electron transport chain and the resulting oxygen consumption is known as oxidative phosphorylation.Electrons from NADH and FADH2 mix with O2 during oxidative phosphorylation, and the energy generated from these oxidation/reduction events is used to power the production of ATP from ADP.A sensitive and dynamic method of controlling protein activity, stability, protein interaction, and sub-cellular localization is provided by phosphorylation.To learn more about phosphorylation refer to :
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An individual who carries two different alleles of a gene is termed with respect to that gene.
Heterozygous is an individual who carries two different alleles of a gene.
An allele is one of two or more versions of DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a given genomic location. An individual inherits two alleles, one from each parent, for any given genomic location where such variation exists. If the two alleles are the same, the individual is homozygous for that allele. If the alleles are different, the individual is heterozygous.
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Compare and contrast similarities and differences in the replication of a herpes simplex virus.
Both the herpes simplex virus and human immunodeficiency virus are sexually transmitted. The difference is that if a patient is positive for HSV, it doesn't mean they are also HIV positive. However, someone who is infected with HSV may have a higher risk of contracting HIV.
Herpes simplex is a disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes. Herpes simplex is caused by HSV-1 and HSV-2. The symptom of this disease is the appearance of small bubbles (vesicles) that break easily. The first infection is usually localized and tends to come and go. Herpes can attack parts of the body such as the eyes, lips, mouth, skin, genitals, and sometimes the brain.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an attacker of CD4 T lymphocyte cells. The course of HIV infection can take a long time, which is around 10 years. Starting from primary infection, the spread of the virus to lymphoid organs, the clinical latency period, the emergence of HIV expression, to death. Death usually occurs 2 years after the onset of clinical illness which is characterized by the absence of an immune response to all infectious pathogens. Symptoms that can be seen include chronic diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, fever, shortness of breath, and white spots on the tongue.
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scenario 5: what would happen if the receptor protein was mutated so that it could not bind the growth signal?
If the receptor protein was mutated so that it could not bind the growth signal, then the cell would not be able to receive the signal and would not be able to grow.
This would result in the cell not being able to divide and multiply, and eventually the cell would die.The loss of this cell would have a negative impact on the tissues and organs that it is a part of. For example, if this cell was part of the heart, then the heart would not be able to pump blood as efficiently. This would lead to a decrease in oxygen and nutrients being delivered to the body, and could eventually lead to death.
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One kind of plasmid in bacteria is called an r plasmid. What kinds of genes are typically present on such plasmids?.
The type of gene present in plasmid R are: antibiotic-resistant genes and heavy metal resistance genes
Plasmids are a double circular fibrous DNA that has the ability to replicate independent of chromosomal replication. Plasmids are usually double-stranded and circular molecules. Plasmids are found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
One type of plasmid based on the characteristics of the gene it encodes is a resistant plasmid or R. Plasmid R regulates resistance to antibiotic genes and consists of two parts, namely resistance transfer factors and determinants of resistance. Plasmid R also contains genes that are resistant to heavy metals such as mercury, zinc, and copper.
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a group of bloodborne proteins, which, when activated, enhance the inflammatory and immune responses and may lead to cell lysis is:
The complement system is a collection of proteins found in the bloodborne proteins that, when activated, boost immunological and inflammatory responses and may cause cell lysis.
Refers to a collection of at least 20 dormant bloodborne proteins that serve as a key mechanism for the body's removal of foreign substances.
bloodborne proteins , commonly known as blood proteins, are the proteins found in blood plasma is called cell lysis. They perform a variety of tasks, such as lipid, hormone, vitamin, and mineral transport, immune system activity, and immune system functioning. Various other blood proteins have enzyme, complement, protease, and kinin precursor functions. Contrary to popular assumption of cell lysis, hemoglobin is a substance carried by red blood cells, not blood serum, and is not a component of blood.
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explain why seedless vascular plants have similar environmental restrictions to nonvascular plants despite having an efficient system for water transport.
In contrast to non-vascular plants, which lack distinct vascular tissues, seedless vascular plants have vascular tissues that carry water and other nutrients throughout their bodies.
What similarities do seedless vascular plants and non-vascular plants share?
The existence of green chlorophyll pigments and chloroplasts, which enable plants to perform photosynthesis, is the primary similarity between these two plant families. Plants are now able to create their own food, and as a result, they are the ecosystem's main producers.
Non-vascular plants have no stems, roots, or leaves, yet seedless vascular plants do have these features.
Therefore, seedless vascular plants still require water for fertilization, just like nonvascular plants.
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Why is it important not to leave fingerprints or scratch the sample cells in spectrophotometric measurements?.
In the reactions of photosynthesis, simple
sugar molecules are manufactured in the
A. chloroplasts
B. mitochondria
C. stomates
E. Vacuoles
In the reactions of photosynthesis, simple sugar molecules are manufactured in the chloroplasts. Option A.
During photosynthesis, plants capture light energy in their leaves. Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into a sugar called glucose. Glucose is used by plants for energy and to make other substances such as cellulose and starch, which are used to build cell walls.
Light energy causes chemical reactions that break down carbon dioxide and water molecules and rearrange them to produce sugar and oxygen gas. After the sugar is produced, it is broken down by mitochondria into energy that can be used for growth and repair. The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. Reactions that do not depend on light.
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please i need as soon as possible
Answer:
3. aquatic animal
4.because sugar is a solid substance thats why we cannot see it if it dissolves in coffee
5.
*it kills plants and trees
*Acid rain leaches aluminum from the soil
*it is harmful for the animals
When glycolysis breaks down sugar, those carbon atoms become part of what due to the citric acid cycle?.
In order to produce the new, 2-carbon acetyl CoA molecule, carbon is taken out of the three-carbon pyruvate molecule produced during glycolysis. Two oxygens from pyruvate are taken up by the eliminated carbon, which leaves the body as carbon dioxide.
Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are linked by the transition process. The transition reaction changes the two molecules of glycolysis' 3-carbon pyruvate into two molecules of acetyl Coenzyme A, two molecules of carbon dioxide, and two molecules of the 2-carbon molecule.
The cycle converts the acetyl coenzyme A's chemical energy into the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide's reducing power. The TCA cycle is a component of the broader glucose metabolism, which involves the oxidation of glucose to produce pyruvate, which is then further oxidized and enters the TCA cycle as acetyl-CoA.
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GIVING BRAINLIEST HURRY what causes a pulse in an artery?
Answer:
when the heart pushes blood into the aorta, the blood's impact on the elastic walls creates a pressure wave that continues along the arteries
I was in my AP Biology class today...and we were talking about organelles in animals.....and we got onto the topic of hamsters. WHY DO THEY EXPLODE!? What causes that!!!!!????!??!?!?
Answer:
its caused by an undetected tumor which can become too big for its body to handle
Helps prevent deficiency diseases.
Answer:
Aids in the prevention of rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.
Aids in the prevention of tooth decay.
Aids in the prevention of cancer.
Aids in the prevention of scurvy.
Aids in the prevention of heart disease.
Aids in the prevention of high blood pressure.
Aids in the prevention of arthritis.
Aids in the prevention of diabetes.
Aids in the prevention of muscle cramps.
Aids in the prevention of anemia.
Aids in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
Aids in the prevention of cataracts.
Aids in the prevention of macular degeneration.
Aids in the prevention of glaucoma.
Aids in the prevention of §60.6 billion in health care costs.
What else can I do to make sure I am getting enough vitamin C?
The amount of vitamin C in foods can vary depending on how the food is grown and how it is handled.
Choose foods that are fresh or frozen.
Choose foods that are in-season.
Explanation:
can a cell that is normally non-diving be stimulated to divide? when does this happen and how is it accomplished in an organism?
A cell that is non-diving may be stimulated to divide when a cell signal pathway leading to cell division by a growth factor ligand that is released by a cell nearby may be initiated.
Non-dividing cells may be stimulated to divide when the body requires an increase in cells. Signals extracellular in nature stimulate cytokines. Through this process, cell communication is established. Similarly, cells may enter from a state of division into non-division in the absence of a mitogenic signal.
It must be noted that cell growth is vital to cell division. Without cell growth, cell mass increment is not entirely possible. Unicellular organisms require nutrients alone for cell growth. However, multicellular organisms require signals from other cells for both cell growth and division.
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regarding microbes, such as a mold, what type of a mutant can grow in minimal media only when supplemented with a specific molecule (for example a vitamin, or an amino acid)?
Regarding microbes, such as a mold, the type of a mutant can grow in minimal media only when supplemented with a specific molecule Nutritional mutant.
Nutritional mutants are mutant lines in positive micro-organisms in order to start to multiply most effectively when the medium is complimented with positive other materials that are not vital for wild kind organisms. They lose some of the natural components wished for their growth due to mutation.
Nutritional mutations regulate the metabolic potential of an organism in both an additive or subtractive style. those mutations were utilized in a ramification of ways to develop key genetic principles in model organisms such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces.
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Regarding microbes, together with a mold, the dietary mutant of a mutant can grow in minimal media only whilst supplemented with a selected molecule (for instance a diet, or an amino acid.
Dietary mutants are mutant lines in sure micro-organisms so one can begin to multiply most effectively whilst the medium is complimented with positive other materials that are not vital for wild-type organisms.
Nutritional mutations alter the metabolic capacity of an organism in either an additive or subtractive fashion. those mutations have been used in a ramification of methods to increase key genetic standards in model organisms which include Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces.
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which of the following represent non-coding dna important in the process of dna replication? a. fork traps b. tus c. hp loops d. 1 e. dnag
Tus represents non-coding DNA important in the process of DNA replication.
Thus, the correct option is B.
What is tus?Tus, аlso known аs terminus utilizаtion substаnce, is а protein thаt binds to terminаtor sequences аnd аcts аs а counter-helicаse when it comes in contаct with аn аdvаncing helicаse. The bound Tus protein effectively hаlts DNА polymerаse movement. Tus helps end DNА replicаtion in prokаryotes.
Two properties of Tus аppeаr to be importаnt: аsymmetric, high-аffinity interаctions with Ter аnd protein-protein interаctions with the leаding component of the replicаtion аppаrаtus, the helicаse DnаB.
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Which action would be least likely to harm endangered species
Reduce, reuse, and recycle is an action that would be least likely to harm endangered species.
An endangered species is a type of organism that is very likely to become extinct in the wild in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching, hunting, and invasive species.
Reducing, reusing, and recycling plastics helps keep the environment clean and pollution free and keeps these hazardous substances away from wildlife. This plays a major role in preventing the loss of habitat for endangered species.
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In the citric acid cycle, the acetyl group is removed from acetyl coa and attached to oxaloacetate to form.
In the citric acid cycle, the acetyl group is removed from acetyl coa and attached to oxaloacetate to form Citrate
What is citric acid cycle ?The Krebs or citric acid cycle, also referred to as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, is the primary source of energy for cells and a critical step in aerobic respiration. The cycle converts the acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) chemical energy into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)'s reducing power.
The final common oxidative pathway for carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids is the citric acid cycle. It is the most significant metabolic pathway for the body's energy supply. The most significant central pathway bridging almost all of the individual metabolic pathways is TCA.Learn more about Citric acid cycle here:
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