Answer:
Explanation:
a. Double Replacement: CH3COOH(aq) + NaHCO3(aq) --> CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
b. Decomposition: H2CO3(aq) --> H2O(l) + CO2(g)
c.Overall: CH3COOH(aq) + NaHCO3(aq) --> CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) + CO2(g)
Using stoichiometry, determine the amount of baking soda, in grams, needed to react with the grams of acetic acid in
15.0 mL of vinegar. Show all work.
Answer:
Explanation:
15.0 mL of vinegar is equivalent to 15.0 g of vinegar, since the density of vinegar is 1.0 g/mL. Vinegar is composed of mostly acetic acid (CH3COOH) and water. The density of acetic acid is 1.05 g/mL, so 15.0 mL of vinegar is equivalent to approximately 14.3 g of acetic acid.
The balanced equation for the reaction between sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and acetic acid is:
NaHCO3 + CH3COOH → NaCH3COO + H2O + CO2
For every mole of acetic acid, we need one mole of sodium bicarbonate. We can use the molar mass of acetic acid (60.05 g/mol) and sodium bicarbonate (84.01 g/mol) to calculate the amount of baking soda needed.
14.3 g of acetic acid x (1 mol/60.05 g) = 0.238 mol acetic acid
0.238 mol acetic acid x (84.01 g/mol) = 19.9 g baking soda
Therefore, 19.9 g of baking soda is needed to react with the 15.0 g of acetic acid in 15.0 mL of vinegar.
Classify each of the following diatomic species as ionic, polar covalent or nonpolar covalent. Br2 CsBr NaCl CaO HCI O2 KF HBr N2 BrF
Ionic - CaO, NaCl, KF, CsBr
Polar covalent - HBr, HCI, BrF
Nonpolar covalent - O2, Br2, N2
What does the chemical term "ionic" mean?The entire transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms is referred to as an ionic bond. It is a kind of chemical connection that produces two ions with opposing charges. In ionic bonding, the nonmetal takes the lost electrons to form a negatively charged anion while the metal loses them to become a positively charged cation.
What do the chemical terms ion and covalent mean?In most cases, ionic compounds are created when a metal reacts with a nonmetal (or a polyatomic ion). The reaction between two nonmetals produces covalent compounds. Binary compounds containing hydrogen are typically covalent compounds since hydrogen is a nonmetal.
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Based on the proposed mechanism, which of the following best describes the concentration of the species represented above as the reaction occurs?answer choicesThe concentration is larger than that of reactant or product.The concentration is very low for the duration of the reaction.The concentration fluctuates between high and low during the reaction.
Answer: The concentration fluctuates between high and low during the reaction.
Explanation: In a chemical reaction, the reactants are converted into products and the concentrations of the species involved in the reaction change over time. The proposed mechanism describes how the reaction occurs, and it can give an insight into how the concentrations of the species change during the reaction.
When the reaction starts, the concentration of reactants is high, and the concentration of products is low. As the reaction progresses, the reactants are consumed, and the products are formed. The concentration of reactants decreases, and the concentration of products increases.
At some point, the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction, and the reaction reaches equilibrium. At equilibrium, the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant, and the reaction proceeds at a steady state.
Therefore, based on the proposed mechanism, the concentration of the species represented in the equation fluctuates between high and low during the reaction, as the reactants are consumed, and the products are formed, until reaching the equilibrium state.
state what happens to the potential energy of a sample of co2 molecules during this phase change of co2
The potential energy of CO2 just increases.
Definition of Potential EnergyPotential energy is the energy that exists in an object because of the object's location in a force field.
The elements that influence the existence of potential energy are gravity, the mass of objects, and the height of objects.
Characteristics of Potential EnergyThe characteristics of potential energy are as follows.
- Every object that has gravitational potential energy can do work or work, if the object is towards the surface of the Earth.
- Potential energy is affected by the acceleration due to gravity and the height of the object.
- The higher and the greater the mass of an object, the greater the potential energy.
- If the object is above the ground, then the potential energy is zero.
- Potential energy possessed by objects because of their position relative to the earth.
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Complete and balance the following half-reaction: Mo^3+(aq)→Mo(s) (acidic solution)
Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identity all of the phases in your answer
The reactants are in the aqueous phase, while the product is in the solid phase and water is in the liquid phase.
What is aqueous phase?Aqueous phase is a term used to describe a solution in which water is the solvent. This type of solution is commonly used in chemistry, as water is an excellent solvent for many different types of compounds. In an aqueous solution, the molecules of the solute are dissolved into the water molecules and are then evenly distributed throughout the solution. This process is driven by the strong intermolecular forces between water molecules, which allows them to attract and form strong bonds with other molecules.
Mo^3+(aq) + 3e⁻ → Mo(s)
The balanced redox reaction takes place in an acidic solution, so H+ ions are also consumed in the process. Therefore, the balanced equation is:
Mo^3+(aq) + 3H+(aq) + 3e⁻ → Mo(s) + 3H2O(l)
The reactants are in the aqueous phase, while the product is in the solid phase and water is in the liquid phase.
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One result of climate change is that ocean temperatures are increasing. If the temperatures continue to rise, what effect will that have on the oceans’ ability to retain CO2? How might this change affect the atmosphere?
Sea level rise, ocean heat waves, coral bleaching, and the melting of ocean-terminating glaciers and ice sheets around Greenland and Antarctica are all effects of rising ocean heat content.
What is the impact of climate change on the ocean?About 90% of the heat produced by growing emissions has already been absorbed by the ocean as of today. Unprecedented cascade repercussions result from the ocean's temperature shift as a result of the extra heat and energy.
What causes an increase in ocean temperature?Sea surface temperatures are rising and the sea level is rising as a result of the oceans absorbing more heat as a result of greenhouse gas emissions. Climate patterns will shift as a result of changes in ocean temperatures and currents brought on by climate change.
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are bonds stronger or weaker when they are longer? justify your reasoning using the principles of coulombic attraction.
Two factors determine how strong the coulombic attraction is: the dimensions of an atom. the atom's overall charge.
Why do smaller ions coulombically attract water more strongly than larger ions?
using the law of Coulomb. The water molecules find it more difficult to separate the ions from one another the smaller the ions are and the closer together they are. The more charged the ions are, the more difficult it is for the water to also remove them.
How does the size of an atom change due to coulombic attraction?
The atomic radius will shrink when the valence electrons are drawn in closer to the nucleus due to a higher force of attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons.
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how much heat is needed to melt 100.0 grams of ice that is already at 0 c group of answer choices 33400j 226000 j 33400j 226000 j
100g of ice will require 33,400 J to melt because the specific heat required to melt ice is 334 J/g. Since water has a specific heat of vaporization of 2230 J/g, evaporating 100g of water will require 223,000 J.
What does science mean when it refers to heat?Heat is the result of the movement of kinetic energy from one media or item to another, or from the energy source to either a medium or object. Radiation, conduction, & convection are the three possible mechanisms for this type of energy transmission.
How can you locate heat in chemistry?The equation q = mcT, where m is the sample mass, c is the specific heat, and T is the temperature change, can be used to determine how much heat is absorbed or lost by a sample (q).
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FILL IN THE BLANK. In the plot to determine Avogadro's number, the x-axis should be ________ and the y-axis should be _________. The _________ of the best-fit line should be Avogadro's number.
In the plot to determine Avogadro's number, the x-axis should be moles of electrons and the y-axis should be number of electrons. The best-fit line's slope should equal Avogadro's number.
The mass and quantity of chemical substances are related by a number of international accords. These include the definitions of Avogadro's number and the mole as well as the atomic mass scale. The agreement that one atom of 12C will have an exact relative atomic mass of 12 forms the basis for the atomic mass scale. Avogadro's number must be calculated experimentally by some way of calculating the number of entities in a mole because it cannot be calculated from solely theoretical considerations.
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How many milliliters of a 0.184 M NaNO3 solution contain 0.113 moles of NaNO3? A. 326 mlL B. 163 mL C. 543 mL D. 614 mL E. 885 mL
Answer:
Explanation:
163mL
For which of the following aqueous salts will electrolysis produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas? Check all that apply:
A) NiF2(aq)NiF2(aq).
B) NaF(aq)NaF(aq).
C) NiI2(aq)NiI2(aq).
D) NaI(aq)NaI(aq).
E) CuBr(aq)CuBr(aq).
The one among the following aqueous salts will electrolysis produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is the B) NaF.
The electrolysis is the process in which the electricity to split the water in to the hydrogen and the oxygen is takes place. The decomposing of the ionic compounds in to the elements by passing through the electricity.
The reaction at the cathode : 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ --> H₂
The reaction at the anode : 2H₂O ----> O₂ + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻
The hydrogen gas is liberated at the cathode. The Oxygen gas is liberated at the anode.
Thus, the correct option is B) NaF.
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1. which one of the following is not a step used for balancing chemical equations? a. always change subscripts to balance an equation b. write the chemical equation using formulas and symbols c. count the atoms in each substance in the reactants and products d. choose coefficients that will balance the equation
The statement that is not a step used for the balancing chemical equations is : a. always change subscripts to balance an equation.
The steps used for the balancing chemical equation is given as :
write the chemical equation using formulas and symbols . count the atoms in each substance in the reactants and products.choose coefficients that will balance the equation.The equation is said to be balanced when the number of the atom in the product side is equals to the number of the atoms in the products side.
Thus, the incorrect statement is always change subscripts to balance an equation.
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what is the net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction between silver nitrate solution and sodium sulfide solution
2Ag[+](aq) + S[2-] -> Ag{2}S(s) is the net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction between silver nitrate solution and sodium sulfide solution.
What is ionic equation?An ionic equation is a chemical equation in which the electrolytes in aqueous solution are expressed as dissociated ions. It is similar to a molecular equation in which compounds are expressed as molecules. Chemical equations known as ionic equations only display the ions involved in a chemical reaction. Or, the ions that combine in a solution to react and create new substances. Those ions that don't take part are referred to as spectator ions. A chemical equation known as an ionic equation expresses the electrolytes in aqueous solution as dissociated ions. The ionic species are usually followed by (aq) in the equation to denote that they are in an aqueous solution, and this is typically a salt that has been dissolved in water.
Here,
The precipitation reaction between silver nitrate solution and sodium sulfide solution is represented by the net ionic equation 2Ag[+](aq) + S[2-] -> Ag{2}S(s).
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Calculate the mass of 3.4 moles of nitric acid (HNO3). Explain the process or show your work by including all values used to determine the answer. Source StylesFormatFontSize
[tex]\boxed{\boxed{\Large\textsf{$\sf mass = 3.4 \times 63.02=214.3$ g (4 s.f)}}}[/tex]
Explanation:The mass of nitric acid (HNO₃) can be determined by considering the relationship between number of moles, mass, and molar mass:
[tex]\boxed{\large\textsf{$\sf\displaystyle number\ of\ moles\ (mol)=\frac{mass\ present\ (grams)}{molar\ mass\ (g/mol)}$}}[/tex]
Rearranging this formula to find mass, therefore, mass present = number of moles ÷ molar mass:
[tex]\boxed{\large\textsf{$\sf\displaystyle mass=moles\times molar\ mass$}}[/tex]
Since we are already given the number of moles of HNO₃ present, we just need the molar mass. The molar mass of elements can be found on any standard periodic table, and the molar mass of a compound is just the sum of all the molar masses of the elements in the compound.
∴ molar mass HNO₃ = H (1.008) + N (14.01) + O₃ (3×16.00) = 63.02 g/mol.
Now plugging in all our values into the formula:
[tex]\boxed{\boxed{\large\textsf{$\therefore \sf mass = 3.4 \times 63.02=214.3$ g (4 s.f)}}}[/tex]
[tex]\hrulefill[/tex]
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The chemical equation below shows the combustion of propane (C3H8).C3H8 5O2 Right arrow. 3CO2 4H2OThe molar mass of oxygen gas (O2) is 32.00 g/mol. The molar mass of C3H8 is 44.1 g/mol. What mass of O2, in grams, is required to completely react with 0.025 g C3H8
0.1812 g of O2 is required to completely react with 0.025 g of C3H8.
What is react?React is a term used in chemistry that refers to a chemical reaction. In a chemical reaction, molecules interact with one another to form new molecules. Reacting molecules may exchange atoms, combine with one another, break apart, or rearrange their atoms.
The moles of O2 required to react with 0.025 g of C3H8 can be calculated by using the following equation:
Moles of O2 = 0.025 g C3H8/44.1 g/mol C3H8
= 0.0005674 mol O2
The mass of O2 required can be calculated by using the following equation:
Mass of O2 = 0.0005674 mol O2 * 32.00 g/mol O2
= 0.1812 g O2
Therefore, 0.1812 g of O2 is required to completely react with 0.025 g of C3H8.
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How would the dx2−y2 orbital in the n=5 shell compare to the dx2−y2 orbital in the n=3 subshell?
a) The contour of the orbital would extend further out along the x and y axes.
b) The value of ℓ would increase by 2.
c) The radial probability function would include two more nodes.
d)The orientation of the orbital would be rotated 45∘ along the xy plane.
e) The mℓ value would be the same.
**Which statements above are correct?
The effect of the radial nodes on the orbital contours is illustrated in the following representation of this orbital, 5dx2â'y2, shown when it is divided by the xy plane.
True: A, C, and E
False: B, D
What is orbital?An atomic orbital is a function that describes the position and wave-like behavior of an electron in an atom in terms of both atomic theory and quantum mechanics. This function can be used to determine the likelihood of discovering any atom's electron in any particular area surrounding the nucleus. A three-dimensional representation of an electron's most likely position within an atom is called an orbital. The probability of discovering an electron near a hydrogen atom's nucleus is depicted in the diagram below. The 1s orbital has the highest probability, as you can see.
Here,
The following illustration of this orbital, 5dx2â'y2, shown when it is divided by the xy plane, shows how the radial nodes affect the orbital contours.
True: A, C, and E
False: B, D
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In which of the following atoms is the 2s orbital closest to the nucleus?
a. At
b. Br
c. Cl
d. I
e. F
Chlorine has more valence electrons than P or Si, which causes its core 2s orbital to be closer to its nucleus.
What exactly are the valence electrons?Valence electrons are the electrons located in an atom's outermost energy level or shell. For instance, the oxygen molecule has six valence electrons, two of which are located in the 2s subshell and four in the 2p subshell.
What are the valence electrons' physical characteristics?For neutral atoms, the total number of valence electrons is the same as the total number of primary group electrons. Looking at an element's column in the periodic table will reveal its major group number. One member of group four, carbon, has four valence electrons.
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.Water and toluene are not miscible. Which of the following is most likely the formula of toluene?CH3COOHC6H12O6CH3OHC6H5CH3
Water and toluene are not miscible, the formula of toluene is (d) C₆H₅CH₃.
What is toluene?Toluene, a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, is also known as toluol. It is an insoluble in water odorless liquid with the characteristic odor of paint thinners.
It is a phenyl group connected to a methyl group and is a mono-substituted benzene derivative (CH3). Benzene is the parent of the chemical. The IUPAC has referred to it as "methylbenzene" as a result. Toluene is largely used in the industrial sector as a feedstock and a solvent.
Because of their polarity and functional group pressure, the other options are soluble, making option D the correct response.
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how do you think the atoms in metal element are different from those in nonmetals or metalloids
Answer:The atoms of metallic elements are different from the atoms of non metals or metalloids base on the outer electron/ valency electrons and the its bonding pattern.
The atoms of different metals varies in it ability to bond quickly.
The atoms of metallic elements are different from the atoms of non metals or metalloids base on the outer electron/ valency electrons and how it bonds.
Metallic atoms have very few electrons in the outermost shell. The valency electrons of this metallic atoms are few and are easily lost during bonding. They have the ability to release there valency electrons easily. Example of this metals are sodium, potassium , calcium etc.
On the other hand non metallic elements have numerous electron in the outermost shell and easily receive electron during bonding. Example are chlorine, fluorine, oxygen etc.The metalloid atoms like silicon and germanium have an average number of electron in their outermost shell. They are in between.
The atoms of different metals varies in it ability to bond quickly. For example the group 1 metals are very reactive than the group 2 metals. This simply means the group 1 metals(alkali metals) goes into bonding more easily than the group 2 metals(alkali earth metals).
Explanation:
predict the organic product formed when bzcl reacts with water. bzcl = benzoyl chloride.
Benzoyl chloride on reaction with alcohols give corresponding ester by esterification reaction. Reaction is attached below.
What is esterification? What are some examples?An organic acid (RCOOH) and an alcohol (ROH) are combined during the process of esterification to create an ester (RCOOR) and water. This process can also refer to a chemical reaction that produces at least one ester product. A reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid results in ester, which is then produced.
Some esters can be made by esterification, a process in which a heated carboxylic acid and an alcohol react with a mineral acid catalyst to produce an ester and water: It is possible to undo the reaction. Butyl acetate can be created by esterifying acetic acid and 1-butanol, as one example of an esterification reaction.
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Complete and correctly sequence the steps for drawing Lewis structures. Drag the text blocks below into their correct order. 1. Place the atoms relative to each other. Place the atom with lower group number in the center because it has the higher electronegativity. If atoms add have the same group number, place the atom with the higher period number in the center higher 2. Determine the total number of valence electrons available. For multiple polyatomic ions, add one electron for each negative charge, or subtract one electron for each positive charge. 3. Distribute the remaining electrons as pairs so that each atom ends up with eight electrons (or single two for H). First place tone pairs on surrounding more electronegative) atoms to give each an ostet. If any electrons remain, place them on the central atom. Then check that each atom has eight eight electrons4. If the central atom still does not have an octet, make a multiple bond by changing a lone pair from one of the surrounding atoms into a bonding pair to the central atom. 5. Draw a single bond from each surrounding atom to the central atom, and add two valence electrons for each bond.one surroundingbonding addpairs higherfour multipletwo octetsingles siglelone eightvalence substractsix moreless centrallower core
Sort the atoms in order of proximity to one another. The atom with the lowest group number should be positioned in the middle since it has the lowest electronegativity. If the group number of two atoms is the same
What do Lewis structures show?Of Lewis structures, the valence electrons of the atoms in a molecule are shown. They are also known as electron dot structures or Lewis dot structures.
Why is the Lewis structure important? What is it?The valence electrons of atoms and molecules are easier to visualize using these Lewis symbols and structures. An extremely simplified representation of a molecule's valence shell electrons is provided by a Lewis Structure. It serves to illustrate how certain atoms are surrounded by electrons in a molecule.
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How many atoms are in 144.6g Tungsten, W ?
Answer:4.7374*10^23 atoms
Explanation:
Number of atoms in 144.6g tungsten,
Moles=Given mass/molecular mass
n=144.6/183.84
n=0.7865
Number of atoms=n*Na
Number of atoms=0.7865*6.023*10^23
Number of atoms=4.7374*10^23
f water molecules and the hydrogen bonds between water molecules explain most of water's life-supporting properties. the
The majority of water's life-supporting qualities are explained by its polarity and the hydrogen bonds that connect its molecules.
Give an illustration of what a molecule is.A molecule is the smallest unit of any substance that is capable of existing on its own while maintaining all of the substance's physical and chemical characteristics. A molecule can be made up of one or more components. Atoms can be separated much further from molecules. For instance, oxygen atoms and molecules are denoted by the letters O and O2, respectively.
The molecule water is it?To create molecules, atoms combine. Two hydro (H) atoms or one oxygen (O) atom make up a water molecule's three atoms. H2O is a common abbreviation for water because of this. Millions of water molecules make up a single drop of liquid.
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why must deuterated solvents (such as d2o and cdcl3) be used to prepare nmr samples? group of answer choices
Since deuterium has non-magnetic nuclei, which do not produce NMR signals, it is necessary to conduct NMR experiments using deteriorated solvents. If the solvent contains protons, the signal from the sample and the solvent will mix.
Why is using a deuterated solvent in NMR crucial?A large solvent signal that would otherwise appear in the proton NMR spectrum has been suppressed by using expensive deuterated solvents, which also makes locking and shimming easier.
Deuterium, an element that isotopically uses hydrogen and uses magnetic resonance imaging (NMR) as a solvent in imaging, is present in deuterium chloroform (CDCL3). The primary application for this substance without chemical alteration is in NMR spectrometers.
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the amount of ascorbic acid, c6h8o6, in orange juice is determined by oxidizing ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid, c6h6o6, with a known amount of i-3, and back titrating the excess i-3 with na2s2o3. A 5.00-mL sample of filtered orange juice was treated with 50.00 mL of excess 0.01023 M I2. After the oxidation was complete, 13.82 mL of 0.07203 M Na2S2O3 was needed to reach the starch indicator endpoint. Report the concentration of ascorbic acid in milligrams per 100 mL.
I2 plus 2 S2O3-2 —> 2 I-1 pb(ii S4O6-2 13.82 mL using 0.07203 during i2+na2s2o3 titration Naoh Quantity of moles of Na2S2O3 was necessary for such wheat indicator end point.
What kind of shape does the cancerous mole have?incorrectly drawn border The margins are frequently jagged, serrated, or fuzzy in shape. The adjacent skin may become impregnated with the pigment. color imbalance: Tan, brown, or black colors may be present in varying shades. There could also be spots of white, grey, red, pinkish, and blue color.
What causes moles to manifest?The skin normally contains melanocytes all over it. They create melan, the pigment whose naturally imparts color to the skin.
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3. solution a has a hydronium ion concentration of 4.1 x 10-8m. solution b has a hydronium ion concentration of 1.9 x 10-4m. a. which solution has the greater hydronium ion concentration? b. which solution has the greater ph?
Solution b has a hydronium ion concentration of 1.9 x 10-4m has has the greater hydronium ion concentration. The pH value increases with the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution.
Does a higher pH also imply a higher concentration?Acidic chemicals result from high hydrogen ion concentrations, while alkaline substances come from low hydrogen ion concentrations (basic substances). The pH scale can be used to quantify the overall concentration of hydrogen ions, which is inversely related to pH. When an acid dissolves in water, the hydronium ion is always produced. Always interacting with the nearby water molecule to generate H3O+, the acid's H+. Consider the hydronium ion from the perspective of the proton (H+), which is another way to perceive it. Hydration is the process of adding water to something.
What connection exists between the pH and the H3O+ hydronium ions?pH equals -log[H3O+]. The reverse of the mathematical method used to determine the pH can be used to determine the hydronium ion concentration from the pH.
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What splitting pattern is observed in the 1H NMR spectrum for the indicated (BOLD) hydrogen (on carbon
Number many peaks are present in the ¹H-nmr spectrum of Eugenol are having 12 different hydrogen atom.
How many peaks are present in the 1h-nmr spectrum of Eugenol?The Eugenol has contain the 12 different hydrogen atoms. in the ¹H-nmr spectrum the peaks from right to left is 3:2:2:3:2. The three hydrogen atoms have two peaks of about the 6.7 pm.The integral of 2H means that this group is a methylene, so it has two hydrogens. The carbon bearing these two hydrogens can have two other bonds. Another type of additional data available from 1H NMR spectroscopy is called multiplicity or coupling. Coupling is useful because it reveals how many hydrogens are on the next carbon in the structure. That information helps to put an entire structure together piece by piece.In ethanol, CH3CH2OH, the methyl group is attached to a methylene group. The 1H spectrum of ethanol shows this relationship through the shape of the peaks. .This pattern is called a multiple, and specifically a quartet. A quartet means that these hydrogens have three neighbouring hydrogens on adjacent carbons.
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calculate the wavelntg in nm of the lowest energy photon capable of ionizng the hydrogen atom from its ground state\
The wavelength of photon capable of ionizing a hydrogen atom from its ground state = 91.2 nm
The energy of a hydrogen atom in its ground state = -13.6 eV.
So to ionize the atom we have to provide at least 13.6 eV of energy.
Converting eV to Joules,
Energy, E = 13.6 × 1.6 ×10⁻¹⁸ = 2.18 × 10⁻¹⁸ J
From Plank's quantum theory, E = hυ
h is the plank's constant
υ is the frequency.
Also c = υλ
λ = c/υ, λ is the wavelength,
c is the velocity of light in vaccum
υ is the frequency.
By combining both equations, E = hc/λ
λ = hc/E
= (6.63× 10⁻³⁴ )×(3×10⁸)/(2.18×10⁻¹⁸)
= 9.12 ×10⁻⁸ m
= 91.2 nm
So the wavelength of photon required to ionize hydrogen atom is 91.2nm
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question 1(multiple choice worth 3 points) (05.01 lc) which of the following processes will determine the number of moles of a sample? dividing the mass of the sample by its molar mass multiplying the mass of the sample by its molar mass dividing the mass of the sample by avogadro's number multiplying the mass of the sample by avogadro's number
By dividing the sample's mass by its molar mass, one can determine the number of moles present in a sample. One mole, denoted by the symbol mol and written as molecular entities, known as Avogadro's number.
In addition, the molar mass of each element is determined by the weight of its atoms, which is calculated to be 6.022*10^23. (1 mole). The definition of a substance's molecular weight is the ratio of the mass of one mole to the given mass of that substance in any form of chemical reaction. It is best understood as the maximum number of moles that can be created from a given amount of the substance. Because a mole contains 6.023 10 23 atoms, or 6.023 mol, it is a very large unit. One mole is equivalent to the Avogadro number.
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Suppose you were given a substance and asked to determine whether or not it was a plasma. Write the characteristics you would look for to identify the substance.
Include:
- Particles in plasmas collide more often.
- Plasma particles have high kinetic energy (they move quickly).
- Plasma particles are far apart.
- The ionized particles have no fixed volume
Plasma is a state of matter. It was once considered as a subset of gas. But it is an entirely different state with its own characteristics.
Plasma is superhot, so that all the atoms are ripped apart from its electrons and is in an ionized state. But gas particle contains mostly neutral particles of the gas. Like we heat a liquid to produce gas, we heat gas to form plasma.
Plasma can conduct electricity due to the presence of charged particles. Plasma can be held in a place by using magnetic forces. By disturbing the magnetic field inside the plasma it emits a wave called Alfven wave, which is only characteristic to plasma.
The charged particles moves at high speed towards the poles of the magnetic field and due to its collision with each other, excites gases like nitrogen and oxygen and emits neon like lights. Most plasma's are not dense enough for particles to collide with each other, this is where electrical and magnetic field comes to play.
So plasma is formed from superheated gases, which have ionized particles, rather than neutral atoms, which are less denser, conductive, and in presence of electrical or magnetic field, emits waves that are characteristic only to plasma.
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