true or false: tomatoes are best eaten raw, because cooking tomatoes destroys most of the nutrients and phytochemicals. true false question. true false

Scientists have always challenged already existing "facts" about the universe such as the evidence that the earth is round and not flat as originally thought

The red shift of light is one piece of evidence that the universe is expanding. From other galaxies, light comes to our planet. The wavelength of that light lengthens as the light from that galaxy approaches Earth and the distance between Earth and the galaxy widens.

Science and scientists are always on the lookout for new ways to explain phenomena about the universe that would challenge our beliefs and they do this using the scientific method.

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A newly formed zygote undergoes three cycles of division. The original zygote has 8 cells that are smaller.

For each consecutive division during cleavage, count the number of cells that remain using the formula 2n (n = cycles of division). For instance, 23 = 8 cells are present after 3 rounds of cell division.

There are two layers to the zygote: The trophoblast, which is the embryo's outer layer, gives rise to structures that aid in the embryo's implantation in the uterus of the mother. Pluripotent cells make up the inner cell mass, which is the inner layer. They develop into the cells of every type of bodily tissue.

Complete question:

A newly formed zygote undergoes three cycles of division. What is the number of cells present and their size compared to the original zygote?

A.3 cells that are the same size

B.3 cells that are larger

C.6 cells that are the same size

D.8 cells that are smaller

E.8 cells that are larger

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The given statement “The molecular and fossil records are in agreement with the appearance of animals.” is false because due to the rarity of fossilization, the fossil record is thought to be incomplete. The remains must be covered by sediments and left undisturbed for thousands of years in order for fossilization to take place.

One of the most important periods in the evolution of life was the emergence of animals, although the timing of this transition is still poorly understood. Animals are thought to have evolved and started to diversify more than 100 million years before the first conclusive Cambrian metazoan fossil evidence. Closer examination finds that, contrary to popular belief, there is less of a divergence between clock estimations and the fossil record. The presence of the crown-representatives of the majority of animal phyla in the Neoproterozoic is not predicted by contemporary clock analysis. In addition, a number of Neoproterozoic fossils can be reliably interpreted as metazoans despite obstacles posed by imperfect preservation, a lack of phylogenetically informative features, and hazy expectations about the anatomy of early animals.  

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The NMDA receptor an ionotropic is Magnesium - ionotropic.

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Yes, second embryo could develop because inhibiting BMP-4 would have same effect as transplanting an organizer.

The gastrula is bigger than the zygote and blastula because it has germ layers. The volume of the frog egg is almost 1.6 million times more than that of a typical frog cell. The egg will transform into a tadpole throughout embryonic development, which will have millions of cells but the same amount of organic material.

During the third week of human development, there is gastrulation. One of the most important stages of development, gastrulation produces the three basic germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm) and primes the system for organogenesis.

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Answer:

Monosaccharides and polysaccharides are both types of carbohydrates, but they have some key differences. Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be broken down into smaller sugars, examples of monosaccharides are glucose and fructose. Polysaccharides, on the other hand, are complex carbohydrates made up of long chains of monosaccharides. Examples of polysaccharides include starch and glycogen.

Carbohydrates and lipids are two different types of biomolecules. Carbohydrates are made up of simple sugars and are an important source of energy for living organisms. Lipids, on the other hand, are a diverse group of biomolecules that include fats, waxes, and oils. They are not as important as a source of energy as carbohydrates but are essential for energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure.

Saturated fats and unsaturated fats are both types of lipids. Saturated fats have a high proportion of saturated fatty acids, which means that their carbon atoms are fully bonded to hydrogen atoms. They are typically solid at room temperature, and are usually derived from animal sources. Unsaturated fats have a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, which means that some of their carbon atoms are not fully bonded to hydrogen atoms. They are typically liquid at room temperature, and are usually derived from plant sources. Unsaturated fats are considered to be healthier than saturated fats, as they can help lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.

Explanation:

Monosaccharides are simple carbohydrates made up of one sugar molecule, while polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made up of multiple sugar molecules. Carbohydrates are molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, while lipids are molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, and/or sulfur. Unsaturated fats have at least one double bond between their carbon atoms, while saturated fats have only single bonds between their carbon atoms. Unsaturated fats are usually liquid at room temperature, while saturated fats are usually solid. Unsaturated fats can also be beneficial to health, while saturated fats can increase the risk of heart disease.

A collection of microtubules called a centriole directs the movement of chromosomes during cell division.

The centrosome plays a crucial role in the organization of cell division by the cell. When the nucleus and cytoplasm of two cells are moving apart from one another, numerous activities need to be coordinated. The structure of the cell that really coordinates the movement of the cells away from one another is the spindle, which is made of microtubules. The nuclear envelope is surrounded by a pair of barrel-shaped organelles in the cytoplasm of animal cells known as centrioles. Centrioles coordinate the microtubules that make up the cell's skeleton. They help identify the location of the cell's organelles and nucleus.

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As they move through the endomembrane system and are released from the cell, ER protein, insulin, and lysosomal enzymes.

Each and every human cell has protein. The essential component of proteins, an amino acid chain, is what gives them their structure. You need protein in your diet so that your body can repair broken cells and generate new ones. Furthermore, youngsters and children.

In order to enhance their protein consumption, vegetarians may find it helpful to eat more peanut butter, which is a potent source of protein and high in heart-healthy fats. In a serving of 2 tablespoons of peanut butter, there can be up to 8 calories of protein & 2 to 3 grams of fiber.

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examples of interactions among organisms and their environment: Flowers that have been pollinated by insects give the insects nourishment in the form of nectar and pollen. For the benefit of the living trees, dead wood is broken down by fungi to produce energy.

The interconnections in factual ecosystems are more varied and intricate. In the particular populations of the colorful species, these relations constantly beget feedback. Populations of organisms can be constrained by competition for coffers and predation. Positive relations can boost the populations of both interacting species. also, the species have an impact on their surroundings, modifying the Earth's face and the coffers available to ecosystems. thus, relations between species play a significant part in how life on Earth endures and develops over time. The maturity of relations between species affect in both benefits and downsides for the brutes involved, although sometimes the issues are more unevenly balanced.

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Nadia is exposed to high levels of radiation during the 6th, 7th, and 8th weeks of gestation so virtually all organ systems are vulnerable during this time.

There are 11 separate organ systems that make up the core of human anatomy and physiology. The 11 organ systems include the respiratory system, digestive and excretory system, circulatory system, urinary system, integumentary system, skeletal and muscular system, endocrine system, lymphatic system, neurological system, and reproductive system. The body has various systems in addition to organ systems. The immune system, which protects the body from infection, is not an organ system because it is not made up of organs.

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When oxygen is not present, pyruvate will undergo a process called fermentation. In the process of fermentation the NADH + H+ from glycolysis will be recycled back to NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue.

A material decomposes into a simpler substance during the fermentation process. In the absence of oxygen or an electron transport chain, fermentation is the metabolic process by which organic molecules (mostly carbohydrates like starch or sugar) are transformed into acids, gases, or alcohol.

Anaerobic circumstances necessitate fermentation because it enables the cell to produce NAD+ from NADH and maintain glycolysis. When NADH is oxidised at the mitochondria's electron transport chain under aerobic circumstances, NAD+ is produced again.

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Disruptive selection can be considered adaptive in certain situations. When the environment favors individuals with extreme traits, it can lead to the formation of two distinct subpopulations.

This can increase the overall genetic diversity of a population and increase the chances of disruptive selection survival of the population in case of a change in the environment. For example, in a population of birds, birds with very long beaks may be better able to disruptive selection reach deep flowers for food, while birds with very short beaks may be better able to crack open seeds. Birds with beaks of intermediate length may not be able to perform either task as well and may be at a disadvantage.  However, disruptive selection can also be maladaptive if the environment changes and the extreme traits that are being favored are no longer beneficial to the population. In this case, the population may be at a disadvantage and less adaptable to the new environment.

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The property of matter that causes this law to hold true is inertia. The inertia of an object is proportional to its mass. Inertia, however, is not the same as mass or momentum.

Physical and chemical properties are present in all matter. Physical properties, such as mass, color, and volume, are characteristics that scientists can measure without changing the composition of the sample under investigation (the amount of space occupied by a sample). Chemical properties describe a substance's characteristic ability to react and form new substances; they include flammability and corrosion susceptibility. A pure substance has the same chemical and physical properties in all samples. Pure copper, for example, is always a reddish-brown solid (a physical property) that dissolves in dilute nitric acid to form a blue solution and a brown gas (a chemical property).

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Glucose is a large molecule that is transported across the cell membrane through a gated channel, a type of transport protein used during Facilitated diffusion.

Easy prolixity is the unresistant movement of motes along the attention grade. It's a picky process, i.e., the membrane allows only picky motes and ions to pass through it. It, still, prevents other motes from passing through the membrane.

Eased prolixity is also called carrier-intermediated prolixity because a substance transported in this manner diffuses through the membrane with the help of a specific carrier protein. That is, the carrier facilitates the prolixity of the substance to the other side.

Two classes of proteins that intervene in eased prolixity are generally distinguished carrier proteins and channel proteins. Carrier proteins bind specific motes to be transported on one side of the membrane.

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Explanation:

This is the diagram of a cranium/skull.

Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide will cause lower pH in oceanic chemestry. So the correct option is 1.

The acidification of the ocean is a process in which the pH is going to be reduced, this is going to be given by an increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, changing its chemical composition. This acidification occurs when by chemical reactions the ocean water absorbs carbon dioxide from the environment. This will occur naturally but due to the increase in carbon dioxide due to the industrial revolution, fuel burning and forest clearing.

This caused the ocean to have lowered its pH, which is a danger to creatures that live in the ocean. Acidification weakens the shells of ocean creatures and also affects corals and oysters.

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Hiro most likely holds a position as a clinical engineer.

After earning a degree, a biomedical engineer's job is rigorous but not overly difficult or stressful. In contrast, other healthcare professions entail lengthy hours and strenuous physical and mental demands of the body.

Both physicians and biomedical engineers assist individuals, but in different ways. A doctor has an impact on the lives of the people they treat. Biomedical engineers don't always deal directly with patients; instead, they create and develop the tools that are utilised to identify and treat patients' medical issues.

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The goal of cellular respiration is to provide the cell with energy in the form of ATP. The final phase of cellular respiration which results in the production of ATP is: Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Thus Second Option is the answer.

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert the energy stored in food molecules into a form that the cell can use, called ATP (Adenosine triphosphate). The goal of cellular respiration is to provide the cell with energy in the form of ATP.

The process of cellular respiration is divided into four phases: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, the electron transport chain, and oxidative phosphorylation. During glycolysis, one glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules and produces a small amount of ATP.

In the Krebs cycle, pyruvate molecules are converted into acetyl-CoA and CO2. The electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation are the final stages of cellular respiration, where the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle are used to produce ATP through a process called chemiosmosis. This process is responsible for the majority of the ATP produced by the cell.

In summary, the final phase of cellular respiration which results in the production of ATP is: Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. The energy produced during cellular respiration is used by the cell for various functions like active transport, protein synthesis, and movement.

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Structured proteins include those found in the connective tissues of the foot.

Protein can be found in every human cell. A chain of amino acids makes up the fundamental building block of proteins. For your body to repair damaged cells and create new ones, you need protein in your diet. In addition, children, teenagers, and expectant women need protein for healthy growth and development.

Peanut butter is a strong source of protein and is high in heart-healthy fats, which might be beneficial for vegetarians trying to increase their protein intake. Up to 8 grams of protein and 2 to 3 grams of fiber can be found in a 2-tablespoon serving of peanut butter.

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two blue budgies were crossed. over the years, they produced 22 offspring, 5 of which were white. yyBB and yyBb is the most likely genotypes for the two blue budgies

The genotype of an seed is determined by the combination of genes in the coitus cells or gametes( sperm and ova) that were present during generality. Each parent gave one coitus cell. coitus cells generally have only one dupe of each particularity's gene. Each of the two Punnett square boxes( across the top or on the left side) in which the parent genes for a particularity are placed actually represents one of the two possible genotypes for a parent coitus cell. Which of the two maternal clones of a gene is inherited is determined by which coitus cell is inherited; it's arbitrary.

Feather color in budgies are determined by two different genes Y and B, one for pigment on the outside and one for the inside of the feather. YYBB, YyBB, orYYBb is green: yyBB or yyBb is blue; YYbb or Yybb is yellow; and yybb is white.

Two blue bungies were crossed. Over the years, they produced 22 offspring, 5 of which were white. What are the most likely genotypes for the two blue bungie?

A.) yyBB and yyBB

B.) yyBb and yyBb

C.) yyBB and yyBb

D.) yyBB and yybb

E.) yyBb and yybb

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The correct option is D ; Not likely any of them, DNA sequencing is utilized in medicine for a variety of purposes, including illness diagnosis and therapy.

In general, sequencing allows healthcare practitioners to assess whether a gene or the area that controls a gene includes alterations that are associated to a condition, known as variations or mutations.

Each codon in mRNA is made up of three nucleotides, and each codon indicates a certain amino acid (hence, it is a triplet code). The mRNA sequence is therefore employed as a template to construct the chain of amino acids that make up a protein in the correct order.

Mass spectrometry and Edman degradation using a protein sequenator are the two most used direct techniques of protein sequencing (sequencer).

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Full Question ;

You are asked to find the location of a DNA sequence resulting in a protein that is being overexpressed during in a disease state.

This sequence most likely resides within:

heterochromatin

a long interspersed element (LINE)

a short tandem repeat (STR)

likely to be any of these

not likely to be be any of these

not likely any of them

The most appropriate Spanish word to finish the statement is estudian. The Spanish word for "study" is estudiar. It is a typical verb in AR.

A verb seems to be a word that denotes an activity, whether it be mechanical, mental, or existential. A verb is present in every sentence. When a term or pronoun is used to indicate what the adjective or pronouns is doing, verbs are nearly always employed as well.

Verbs, connection verbs, and assisting verbs are the three different categories of verbs. Verbs are expressions that convey an action or possession (e.g., give, eat, walk) (have, own, etc.). Both transitive and disjunctive verbs can be used with actions.

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Four functions of lipopolysaccharide : Makes permeability barrier, Protects from environmental toxins (and immunological factors), contributes to the negative charge of cell and stabilizes the outer membrane.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are mainly derived from gut microbiome and are chemical molecules located in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.

When bacteria are living in the digestive tract, LPS serves as a permeability barrier and structural integrity to prevent harmful compounds like toxins and bile salts from entering the bacterial cell.

By triggering an immune reaction involving components in the blood (complement and Toll-like receptors), LPS causes fever by triggering the creation of prostaglandins and sending signals to the brain to raise body temperature.

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Answer:Habitat loss, pollution, fishing.

Explanation:Habitat loss, pollution, and fishing, all factors humans can readily mitigate, remain the primary threats for penguin species. Their future resilience to further climate change impacts will almost certainly depend on addressing current threats to existing habitat degradation on land and at sea.

The correct sequence showing the end product of the anaerobic respiration pathway in humans is : Glucose → pyruvate → lactate.

Anaerobic respiration pathway, which comprise anaerobic respiration and fermentation, do not require oxygen. Some prokaryotes may perform anaerobic respiration, which is respiration where an inorganic molecule other than oxygen (O2) serves as the ultimate electron acceptor.

Fermentation is the process of producing ATP in the lack of oxygen by glycolysis alone. As a result, these two processes are known as lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.

Anaerobic glycolysis does not require oxygen and generates ATP from the energy in glucose. This mechanism takes place within the cytoplasm and converts glucose into a simpler component known as pyruvate.

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Mineral composition and vegetation are two other environmental elements that could be responsible for the variations in stickleback populations between Bear Paw Lake and Frog Lake. This prediction is tested by measuring the water sample for mineral composition and determining the vegetation present.

Sticklebacks are ponds, lakes, ditches, and rivers inhabiting tiny, elongated fish. Some populations of these stickleback fish underwent physiological changes when they transitioned from surviving in the ocean to freshwater habitats. Pelvic spine loss was one prominent adaption.

The other environmental factors that are affecting the differences between pelvic spine in Bear Paw Lake and Frog Lake stickleback populations are the lake's mineral composition and vegetation.

To measure and test this prediction, first, we have to take water samples from both lakes and then measure the calcium and other minerals in them. The lake that has high calcium helps to form pelvic spines.

Another test is to measure vegetation to hide. The more vegetation present in the lake, there is more possibility the fishes can hide from the predators.

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According to the asteroid impact hypothesis, a large asteroid caused the dinosaurs' mass extinction. Geologists were unaware that the demise of the dinosaurs was a result of significant disasters.

Essentially, a hypothesis is a statement that is put up for discussion and then tested for veracity. The hypothesis is formed to use the scientific method before any pertinent research is conducted, aside from a brief assessment of the background.

Clear, testable, and including a prediction, a solid hypothesis statement. "Testable" refers to something that can be verified or refuted, but it also denotes something that can be tested without compromising moral principles.

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All living species cells include the energy-carrying chemical adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

The correct option is B.

When food molecules are broken down, chemical energy is produced. ATP absorbs this energy and uses it to power other cellular operations. Chemical energy is needed by cells to power metabolic activities that would not take place naturally, to transport necessary molecules across membranes, and to carry out mechanical functions like muscle contraction. Chemical energy cannot be stored in ATP, but it may be in lipids and carbs like glycogen. ATP is created when a cell requires energy from storage molecules. ATP then transports the energy to regions of the cell where energy-intensive processes are occurring.

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