The Electronic Structure Evolution of Epitaxial LaNi1–xFexO3 Thin Films for Water Oxidation the statement is true.
According to the given information, the article reports that Fe substitution can significantly enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of LaNiO3 by tuning the Ni oxidation state in LaNi1–xFexO3. This enhancement is observed through a volcano-like OER trend, with x = 0.375 being the most active. Spectroscopy and ab initio modeling reveal that high-valent Fe3+δ cationic species strongly increase the transition-metal (TM) 3d bandwidth via Ni–O–Fe bridges and enhance TM 3d–O 2p hybridization, boosting the OER activity. This deeper understanding of structural and electronic contributions that give rise to enhanced OER activity in perovskite oxides is the aim of the study.
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Which of the following equation describe(s) particle-like behaviour? Which describe(s) wavelike behaviour? Do any involve both types of behaviour?
a. C=γλ b. E=mc 2
c. γ= Z
n 2
a 0
d. E=hγ e. λ= m v
h
When light travels from one medium (such as air) to another (such as water), its direction changes. Refraction describes this wave-like behavior.
What is particle-like behavior and wavelike behavior?The particle-like behavior is most visible due to quantum mechanics phenomena associated with measurement. The uncertainty principle dictates that when the particle's location is measured, it is forced into a more localized state.All waves have distinct characteristics. They can be refracted, reflected, interfered with, and diffracted.Light can be defined as both a wave and a particle. Two experiments in particular have demonstrated the dual nature of light.Here,
(a) c = vλ , wave speed, wavelength, and frequency are all purely wave properties that describe wave motion.
(b) E = mc²
Because mass is a particle property, it represents particle behavior.
(c) r = n²a₀/Z. Here radius, definite position for particle, thus describing particle behavior.
(d) Since E = hv is a wave property, this equation describes a wave function.
(e) λ = h/mv. Here m is particle property and λ wave property. As a result, it describes both particle and wave behavior.
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what mass of potassium hydroxide (KOH) is present in 300cm³ of 0.1 mol/dm³ solution of KOH
medication order reads: ampicillin 500 mg im q 6 hrs. supply on hand: 1 gm vial, use label below for further information. patient's weight 136 lbs . give ml
ampicillin 500 mg im q 6 hrs. supply on hand: 1 gm vial. the medication order is to give 3.0845 ml of ampicillin every
To calculate the amount of ampicillin to administer, you will need to first convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms. One kilogram is equal to 2.20462 pounds. So, 136 pounds is equal to 61.69 kilograms.
Next, the medication order states that the patient should receive 500 mg of ampicillin every 6 hours. To calculate the daily dosage, we can multiply the 500 mg dose by the number of doses per day (24 hours / 6 hours = 4 doses per day) which gives us 2000 mg/day.Now, we can use the patient's weight to determine the appropriate dosage per weight. The recommended dosage of ampicillin is 25-50 mg/kg/day. In this case, we will use 50mg/kg/day. So we can calculate the dosage as 50mg/kg/day * 61.69 kg = 3084.5 mg/day. To convert the dosage in mg to ml, we can use the information on the vial. The vial contains 1 gm of ampicillin, which is equal to 1000mg. So we can divide the dosage in mg by the concentration of the vial.3084.5mg/1000mg = 3.0845ml. Therefore the medication order is to give 3.0845 ml of ampicillin every.
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T/F atomic layer-by-layer deposition of pt on pd nanocubes for catalysts with enhanced activity and durability toward oxygen reduction
It's true that pt on pd nanocubes were built up atomically, layer by layer, to make catalysts with better oxygen reduction activity and durability. A chemical element is made up of an atom.
Which is the smallest building block of ordinary matter. Every substance—solid, liquid, gas, and plasma—is made up of neutral or ionised atoms. The average atomic diameter is 100 picometers or less. When one or more reactants gain one or more electrons during a chemical reaction, a reduction reaction takes place. A reduction reaction is always the next step after an oxidation reaction. Redox reactions, often referred to as oxidation-reduction reactions, are chemical processes that also involve the movement of oxygen, hydrogen, or halogens between atoms or molecules in addition to electrons.
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Which reagent will you use for the following reaction? CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ⎯→ CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Cl + CH 3 CH 2 CHClCH 3 (i) Cl 2 /UV light (ii) NaCl + H 2 SO 4 (iii) Cl 2 gas in dark (iv) Cl 2 gas in the presence of iron in dark
You will use (iii) Cl2 gas in the dark for the reaction listed in the problem.
What exactly is the reagent?
Reagents are substances or compounds that are added to a chemical reaction to help it produce the desired outcomeA reaction between two or more other substances is frequently induced by the use of reagents, which can be in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas. Reagents can also be used in the laboratory to identify, quantify, or examine a sample's chemical make-up. Chemicals such as acids, bases, salts, solvents, catalysts, enzymes, and other substances are the most typical reagents. Reagents are utilized in a wide range of sectors, including the pharmaceutical, agricultural, electronic, and food manufacturing.To learn more about reagent
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______ pipe is very durable, corrosion resistant, and can be used for hot-water distribution lines, but it doesn't last as long as copper piping.
Brass
Brass pipe is very durable, corrosion resistant, and can be used for hot-water distribution lines, but it doesn't last as long as copper piping.
Write a brief note on brass?A metal alloy composed of copper and zinc is called brass. Brass is one of the most frequently utilized alloys because of its special qualities, which I'll discuss in more depth below. This alloy is used in a seemingly endless number of products and industries due to its versatility.Brass pipe fittings are frequently used to transport liquids like slurries, chemicals, combustible gases, and water. Brass pipe fittings can connect, modify, or control any liquid or gas in pipes in a variety of shapes and thread sizes.To learn more about Brass, refer:
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There are 12 inches in 1 foot. which of the following conversion factors express this relationship correctly? select all that apply.
12 in/1 ft
1 in x 12 ft
1 ft/12 in
1/(1 in x 12 ft)
Answer:
12 in/1 ft and 1 ft/12 in
Explanation:
The conversion factor means the equal value of the expression.
Here in this case, "there are 12 inches in 1 foot is the statement" which means one foot contains 12 inches.
In the given options, 12 in/1 ft means 12 inches per 1 foot, and 1ft/ 12in means 1 foot for 12 inches which are technically the same.
There is a formula that supports this statement. That is
Conversion factor = Required yield / Recipe yield
or
Conversion factor= What you need/ What you have
Hence both 12in/1 ft and 1ft/ 12 in are the correct answers.
complete the mechanism for this reaction by adding the missing curved arrow notation and lone pair electrons. then in part two select the common elementary steps.
Curved arrows are very important in organic chemistry and using them in common is essential to mastering the subject.
In fact, it is like the operating system of organic mechanism, so the sooner you master the principle behind it, the easier it will be for you to understand many concepts in organic chemistry. Every curved arrow has a head and a tail for showing the flow of electrons from a high electron density to a low electron density center. The arrow must start from the middle of a lone pair or a covalent bond.
In this reaction, the electrons move from the Cl to the carbon and as a result, a new bond is formed.
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define order of reaction
Answer:
The order of a chemical reaction is a measure of the dependence of the rate of the reaction on the concentration of one or more of the reactants. In other words, it describes how the rate of the reaction changes as the concentration of one or more reactants changes.
There are three main types of order of reactions:
Zero-order reactions: The rate of a zero-order reaction is independent of the concentration of reactants. The rate is constant and the reaction rate is given by k (the rate constant)First-order reactions: The rate of a first-order reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of one reactant. The rate of reaction is given by k [A], where [A] is the concentration of reactant A.Second-order reactions: The rate of a second-order reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of two reactants. The rate of reaction is given by k [A] [B], where [A] and [B] are the concentrations of reactants A and B.It's important to note that the order of a reaction is not the same as the stoichiometry of a reaction, which describes the ratio of reactants and products in a chemical equation.
→A reaction that proceeds at a rate that depends linearly on only one reactant concentration.
What is the formula for the polyatomic ion thiocyanate?
Answer:
Explanation:
Names - Formula
peroxide (O2 2−)
cyanide (CN−)
cyanate (OCN−)
thiocyanate (SCN−)
Given the mass ratios of iron to oxygen, which of the following samples could be the mineral hematite, Fe2O3? A. 2:3 B. 3:2 C. 2.3:1 D. 3.5:1
The mass ratios of iron to oxygen in the mineral hematite is 3:1 which means that option 2 is the correct choice.
Hematite, additionally spelled haematite, heavy and comparatively tough oxide mineral, ferric oxide (Fe2O3), that constitutes the maximum crucial iron ore due to its excessive iron content (70 percent) and its abundance. Its call is derived from the Greek phrase for “blood,” in allusion to its pink colour. It is one of the greatest iron ores withinside the global and one of the maximum crucial pigment minerals as well. It is a dense and cheaper material. It is likewise used for ballasts for ships. It is used as gem stones or in making jewelry as well.
Thus, the correct option is 2.
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estimate the approximate co2 concentration in 2100, assuming that the co2 concentration continues to rise as fast as it did from 1975 to 2010.
By 2100, CO2 levels rise to about 420 ppm, almost 20 ppm over current levels, which, when additional forcings are taken into account, equals 475 ppm (in CO2e). Global temperatures are predicted to increase by 1.3–1.9C over pre-industrial levels by 2100.
According to climate models that simulate a high emissions scenario (RCP8.5), the world's average temperature will rise by at least 4 °C by 2100. Model simulations based on scenarios that would reduce emissions significantly and continuously through the end of the century (RCP2). According to climate models that simulate a high emissions scenario (RCP8.5), the world's average temperature will rise by at least 4 °C by 2100. Model simulations based on scenarios that would reduce emissions significantly and continuously through the end of the century (RCP2).
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Elements in the same
column (group/family) are
Elements in the same group or family in the periodic table are called congeners. For Example, the congeners in Group 1 are Sodium, Potassioum and Lithium.
Elements in the same group or family in the periodic table have the same number of valence shell electrons in their outermost shell. Therefore, they share some of the same physical and chemical properties. They may also share their reactivity properties. When same physical and chemical properties are present in a group, it is called a trend. When an element deviates from a trend, it is called an exception.
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calculate the density of 3.00 x 10^2 gram object that has a volume of 48.5mL. Enter your answer in the provided box
Answer:
6.22 g/mL
Explanation:
To calculate the density of an object, you divide its mass by its volume (d = m/v).
In this case, the mass of the object is 3.00 x 10^2 grams and the volume is 48.5 mL.
So the density = (mass (g)) / (volume (mL)) = (3.00 x 10^2) / (48.5) = 6.22 g/mL
osmosis practice ws directions: check the correct box in the chart below: statement isotonic solution hypotonic solution hypertonic solution 1. the concentration of the solute in the solution is lower than the concentration inside the cell. 2. when a cell is placed in this solution, water will enter the cell by osmosis causing it to swell. 3. the concentration of the solute in the solution is the same as the concentration inside the cell. 4. the concentration of the solute in the solution is higher than the concentration inside the cell. 5. when this solution is injected into the body no cell disruption occurs because no net osmosis occurs. 6. putting a plant in this solution will result in water loss and cause the plant to wilt. 7. the cell will shrivel when placed in this type of solution. 8. when a cell is placed in this type of solution, there will be equal amounts of water moving in and out of the cell at equal rates.
In the given statements: 1 and 2 are hypotonic solutions, 4, 6, and 7 are hypertonic solutions, and 3, 5, and 8 are isotonic solutions.
Hypotonic solution is the kind of solution in which the solute has a lower concentration than the other solution which is the solvent. Water particles will move into the cell, causing the cell to expand and eventually lyse or burst.
A hypertonic solution is a solution in which the solute's concentration is higher than the concentration of the solvent. Here, water particles move out of the cell causing crenation, shrinking, and shriveling of the cell.
An Isotonic solution is a solution that has the same solute concentration as the solvent. There is no evident net movement of particles from one solution to other, and therefore the overall concentration remains constant.
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When measuring the volume of a liquid in a graduated cylinder, look at the __________.
Meniscus. The graduated cylinder is calibrated so that, when viewed at eye level, reading the bottom of the meniscus will produce precise readings.
What is a graduated cylinder?A popular piece of scientific equipment used to measure the volume of a liquid is a graduated cylinder, sometimes referred to as a measuring cylinder or mixing cylinder. Its form is slender and cylindrical. The measured amount of liquid is shown by each marked line on the graduated cylinder.
An item of laboratory equipment known as a measuring cylinder, graduated cylinder, cylinder measurement, or mixing cylinder is used to measure the number of liquids, chemicals, or solutions during routine lab work. Compared to standard laboratory flasks and beakers, graduated cylinders are more exact and accurate.
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What is the molarity of a solution containing 10g of NaOH in 500 mL of the solution?
a. 0.25 mol L^-1
b. 0.75 mol L^-1
c. 0.5 mol L^-1
d. 1.25 mol L^-1
The molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solvent. To find the molarity of a solution containing 10g of NaOH in 500 mL of the solution, we can use the formula:
Molarity = moles of solute / liters of solvent
First we need to convert the mass of NaOH to moles. The molar mass of NaOH is 40 g/mol.
moles = mass / molar mass = 10g / 40 g/mol = 0.25 mol
Then we can calculate the molarity by using the formula above
Molarity = moles of solute / liters of solvent = 0.25 mol / (0.5 L) = 0.5 mol L^-1
The answer is c. 0.5 mol L^-1
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the two gas samples represented in the graph above are at the same temperature. which of the following statements about the gases is correct?
C is correct. Gas Z has a smaller molar mass than gas X because of the concept of kinetic energy.
As shown in the diagram, there are two gases Z and X. It is provided in the data that the temperature of the gases are the same, which indirectly says that the kinetic energy of both gases is same. Kinetic energy is the term that defined energy stored in the particles due to their motion or velocity. Its SI unit is Joule. And its formula is [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex]m[tex]v^{2}[/tex] . So kinetic energy of Z= Kinetic energy of X.
Therefore, the gas with a higher molecular speed will have a lower molecular mass. And it can be seen from the graph that Z has more speed, so it will have a smaller molar mass.
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Q: the two gas samples represented in the graph above are at the same temperature. which of the following statements about the gases is correct?
A. Z has more kinetic energy than X
B.Fewer molecule in present in Z
C. Z has smaller molar mass
D. Z has larger molar mass
which of the following binds to plasma proteins? peptide hormones steroid hormones both peptide and steroid hormones neither peptide nor steroid hormones
The most likely answer is that it is malleable and ductile.
What is periodic table?The periodic table is an organized arrangement of the known chemical elements. It is arranged in order of increasing atomic number (the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom). Each element is placed in a specific location because of its atomic structure. The table is organized into rows and columns, with each element represented by its atomic number, symbol, name, and atomic mass. The periodic table is used to predict the properties of elements, as well as their compounds. It is also used to identify the elements in a compound and determine the number of atoms present in a given sample.
Section A of the periodic table is made up of the alkali metals, which are generally soft and have low melting points, making them malleable and ductile. They are also solid at room temperature and poor conductors of electricity.
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List the properties of acids and bases. Which of the properties would you use to safely test whether an unknown substance was an acid or a base?
Acids taste sour, react with metals,
and turn blue litmus paper red. Bases
taste bitter, feel slippery, and turn red
litmus paper blue. Use of litmus paper.
Acids are chemical substances that are defined by a sour taste in an aqueous medium.
These acids may have the tendency to turn into blue litmus red. On the other side, bases are chemical substances that are defined by a bitter taste and are slippery to the touch.
There are some bases that are soluble in water, while others are not, there are two types of litmus paper that are available that can be used to identify acids and bases:
They are known as Red litmus paper and blue litmus paper.
A blue litmus paper changes into red under acidic conditions and red litmus paper changes into blue under basic or alkaline conditions. These chemical properties are very useful in identifying substances.
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Be sure to answer all parts. What are the charge and coordination number of the central metal ion in each of the following compounds? Compound | Charge | Coordination numberCo(NH3)4(NO2)2]ClK2CuCl4
The coordination number and the charge on the central metal are :
1) [Co(NH₃)₄(NO₂)₂]Cl : coordination number is 6 and charge is +3.
2) K₂[CuCl₄] : coordination number is 4 and charge is +2.
The coordination number and the charge on the central metal are :
1)[Co(NH₃)₄(NO₂)₂]Cl
The coordination number is 4
The charge on Co :
Oxidation number of NH₃ = 0
Oxidation number of NO₂ = -1
Oxidation number of Cl = -1
[Co(NH₃)₄(NO₂)₂]Cl
Co + 0 + (-2) + (-1) = 0
Co = +3
2) K₂[CuCl₄]
The coordination number is 4.
The oxidation number is :
K₂[CuCl₄]
2 + Cu + (-4) = 0
Cu = + 2
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Assume that solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCI) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) are prepared and small samples are collected and analyzed to determine the ionization that occurs. a. Based on the data below, calculate the percent ionization for each acid solution. Calculations for Solution A have been completed for you as an example. (3 points) . Solution Initial Of acid moleculs Molecul reacted/Initial of percent . of acid that reacted melecul ionization . moleculs A 0.06 M HCL 40 40 40/40 100%B 0.06 M HF 40 8 C 0.03 M HCL 20 20 D 0.03 M HF 20 4 . b. What properties define a weak acid from a strong acid? (1 point C. Based on the data table above, which solutions would be classified as a strong acid? Explain your answer. (2 points) d. Which solutions would be classified as a weak acid? Explain your answer. (2 points)
To calculate the percent ionization for each acid solution, we need to divide the number of acid molecules that have reacted (ionized) by the initial number of acid molecules, and then multiply by 100%.
Properties that define a weak acid from a strong acid are that weak acids have a lower dissociation constant, meaning that not all acid molecules will ionize in water. Strong acids have a high dissociation constant, meaning that almost all acid molecules will ionize in water. Based on the solution , solutions A and C would be classified as strong acids because they have a high percent ionization, 100%. This means that almost all acid molecules will ionize in water. Based on the solution, solutions B and D would be classified as weak acids because they have a low percent ionization, 20%. This means that not all acid molecules will ionize in water.
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The complete question is:
Assume that solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCI) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) are prepared and small samples are collected and analyzed to determine the ionization that occurs. a. Based on the data below, calculate the percent ionization for each acid solution. Calculations for Solution A have been completed for you as an example. (3 points) . Solution Initial Of acid moleculs Molecul reacted/Initial of percent . of acid that reacted melecul ionization . moleculs A 0.06 M HCL 40 40 40/40 100%B 0.06 M HF 40 8 C 0.03 M HCL 20 20 D 0.03 M HF 20 4 . b. What properties define a weak acid from a strong acid? (1 point C. Based on the data table above, which solutions would be classified as a strong acid? Explain your answer. (2 points) d. Which solutions would be classified as a weak acid? Explain your answer. (2 points)
Please help I don't get this please just help me and quick it's a virtual lab.
The identification of the specimens with the aid of a dichotomous key is given below:
LegsWingsAntennaeStinger ClawsThe specimen used here is a butterfly because of the parts shown and their various functions.
What is a Dichotomous Key?A dichotomous key aids in the identification of unidentified specimens based on their traits since it consists of a sequence of questions has a straightforward yes/no format, is based on observable traits, and lets you concentrate on crucial characteristics.
The specimen used here is a butterfly.
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for the following unbalanced chemical equation, suppose that exactly 5.05 g of each reactant is taken. determine which reactant is limiting, and calculate what mass of each product is expected (assuming that the limiting reactant is completely consumed). enter the formula for the limiting reactant.
We must count the moles of each reactant and divide this amount by the reactant's psychometric coefficient in order to identify the limiting reactant.
The limiting reactant would have the lowest value.
S (32 g/mol), Divide the amount of moles of S (5/32 = 0.15625) by the psychometric factor, 1 to get 0.15625.
For H2SO4, Divide the number of moles of H2SO4 by the psychometric coefficient,2 which comes to 0.02551.
Therefore the limiting reactant is H2SO4.
Mass of each product once the limiting reactant has been completely used up.
Mass of H2O = 0.0510 mol H2SO4 * (2 mol H2O/ 2 mol H2SO4) * (18 g H2O/ 1 mol H2O) * 0.918 mol H2O = 0.918 g H2O.
Mass of SO2 is equal to 0.0510 mol H2SO4 * (3 mol SO2/ 2 mol H2SO4) * (64 g SO2/ 1 mol SO2) * (4.896 g).
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the value for h of the following reaction is -126 kj/mol. you are tasked with making 2.00 moles of naoh. how much heat is transferred into or out of the system in the process? select the answer with the sign that properly indicates the direction of heat flow.
The value for h of the following reaction is -126 kJ/mol. you are tasked with making 2.00 moles of NaOH. 63 kJ heat is released out of the system in the process.
Exothermic chemical reactions are those that release energy. When bonds are broken in the reactants during exothermic reactions, more energy is released when bonds are formed in the products. The reaction mixture's temperature rises as a result of exothermic reactions.
Now, consider the given equation:
2 Na₂O₂ (s) + 2 H₂O (l) → 4NaOH (s) + O₂ (g)
Given, ΔH = -126 kJ
As we know,
4 moles of NaOH - (-126) kJ
2 moles of NaOH - X
it means,
4 × X = (-126) × 2
⇒ 4X = -252
⇒X = -63kJ
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The complete question is:
The value for h of the following reaction is -126 kJ/mol. you are tasked with making 2.00 moles of NaOH. how much heat is transferred into or out of the system in the process? select the answer with the sign that properly indicates the direction of heat flow.
2 Na₂O₂ (s) + 2 H₂O (l) → 4NaOH (s) + O₂ (g)
A) 252
B) 63
C) 3.9
D) 7.8
Which of the following pieces of information is/are necessary to calculate the molar mass of a compound? Select all that apply.
The atomic masses of each of the elements that make up the compound is the following pieces of information are necessary to calculate the molar mass of a compound.
What is mass?
It is possible to quantify inertia, a fundamental property of all matter. The resistance a body of matter offers to a change in its speed or position brought on by the application of a force is effectively what it is.
What is molar mass ?
To calculate the molar mass of a compound, it is frequently necessary to sum the qualitative atomic masses (in g/mol) of each individual atom. Titanium is a good example, with a mass of 47.88 amu (or 47.88 g/mol). In 47.88 kilos of the metal, or 6.022 x 1023 atoms, there are one mole of titanium.
Therefore, atomic masses of each of the elements that make up the compound is the following pieces of information are necessary to calculate the molar mass of a compound.
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Which change in energy is taking place in this image ?
Answer:
Pretty sure it's B
Explanation:
what is the molecular relationship between the pair of molecules below? select your answer from the drop down box below.
The first molecule has methyl in the second position and -OH in the third. But in the second, methyl is in position 3 and -OH is in position 2. Consequently, the compounds listed(See Picture) are constitutional isomers.
The exact pair being discussed will determine the molecular connection between the two molecules. It is hard to ascertain the connection without further background knowledge or details regarding the pair of molecules.
Structure-related isomers, stereoisomers, enantiomers, conformers, tautomers, protonation states, and other connections between molecules are examples. Understanding the connection is crucial in areas like pharmaceutical chemistry and materials science since it will alter the characteristics and reactivity of the molecules. With the information available, it is impossible to establish the link between the two molecules. It would be essential to know more about the characteristics, chemical structure, and bonding of the two molecules in order to identify their connection. It is impossible to ascertain their relationship without this information.
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The complete question is:
What is the molecular relationship between the pair of molecules below (See Picture)?
there are three sets of sketches below, showing the same pure molecular compound (hydrogen chloride, molecular formula ) at three different temperatures. the sketches are drawn as if a sample of hydrogen chloride were under a microscope so powerful that individual atoms could be seen. only one sketch in each set is correct. use the slider to choose the correct sketch in each set. you may need the following information: melting point of : boiling point of :
Boiling point is -85°C , this implies that above this temperature HCl will be in gaseous phase.
Here melting point is -114.8°C , this implies that below this temperature HCl will be in solid phase.
Now, Boiling point is -85°C , this implies that above this temperature HCl will be in gaseous phase.
Solid -------> -114.8°C ------> Liquid -------> -85.1°C --------> gaseous
A :- Temperature -131°C here HCl will be present in solid state, and molecules will present in orderly fashion.
B :- Temperature -98°C here HCl will be present in Liquid state, and molecules will present in less orderly fashion.
C :- Temperature -53°C here HCl will be present in gaseous state, and molecules will present far apart.
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Which of these are correct descriptions of trends in ionic radii moving from left to right across a period
a. First ionization energy increases from left to right across a period
b. removing the second electron requires more energy
c. The energy required to remove the first electron
d. energy required to remove an electron from gaseous atom
Option (a) First Ionization energy increases from left to right across a period in the periodic table.
The ionization energy is defined as the measure of the capability of an element to enter into chemical reactions requiring ion formation or donation of electrons. Ionization energy is related to the nature of the chemical bonding in the compounds formed by the elements. The first ionization energy increases as we move left to right across a period in the periodic table. The ionization energy increases from left to right across a period due to increasing nuclear charge which results in the outermost electron being more strongly bound to the nucleus.
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