Biological models for the origins of biological macromolecules
1. abiotic synthesis of small organic molecules
2. joining of these molecules into macromolecules
3. packaging of these molecules into protobionts
4. self replication
Macromolecules promote structural integrity, serve as a reservoir for stored energy, have the capacity to store and retrieve genetic data, and can speed up metabolic processes. Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids are the four main categories of macromolecules that perform these crucial roles in a cell's life.Large non-polymeric molecules like lipids, nanogels, and macrocycles, as well as biopolymers (proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids), are the most prevalent macromolecules in biochemistry. In addition to synthetic fibers, macromolecules can also be found in research materials like carbon nanotubes.To know more about macromolecules visit:
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Answer:
Macromolecules promote structural integrity, serve as a reservoir for stored energy, have the capacity to store and retrieve genetic data, and can speed up metabolic processes. Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids are the four main categories of macromolecules that perform these crucial roles in a cell's life.
Large non-polymeric molecules like lipids, nanogels, and macrocycles, as well as biopolymers (proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids), are the most prevalent macromolecules in biochemistry. In addition to synthetic fibers, macromolecules can also be found in research materials like carbon nanotubes.
Explanation:
Ash from ancient volcanoes blanketed the serengeti plain millions of years ago, helping to preserve in place what kind of record related to human evolution?.
The ash from ancient volcanoes that blanketed the Serengeti plains millions of years ago helped preserve the footprints of the ancient ancestors of humans- the Australopithecines
(Australopithecus afarensis).
Million years ago, the Serengeti plain was blanketed by Ash from ancient volcanoes that preserve the footprints of the ancestors of Australopithecines since the evolution of humans occurred during a period of 15 million years.
During this period, the evolution of different man-like stages occurred which finally led to the modern man.
These stages were
1. Dryopithecus/Ramapithecus
2. Australopithecus afarensis
3. Homo habilis
4. Homo erectus
5.Homo neandarthalensis
6. Homo sapiens (Modern Human)
The 2nd stage of human evolution i.e Australopithecus afarensis probably lived in East African grasslands that are a part of present-day Tanzania.
Laetoli is an archaeological site in Northern Tanzania where footprints of ancient humans were discovered as they were preserved in the ash from volcanoes.
The footprints discovered were probably of Australopithecus afarensis.
Hence, the ash from ancient volcanoes that blanketed the Serengeti plains millions of years ago helped preserve the footprints of the ancient ancestors of humans- the Australopithecines
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can somebody help me with this?
Answer:
Growth and development
Explanation:
The diagrams show the stages of growth in the human offsprings
In a human body
what's the difference between
(nervous tissue) and (nerves) ?
Are they the same ?
Answer:
Nervous tissue is the tissue that makes up the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Nerves are the part of the nervous system that carry messages between the body and the brain.
Explanation:
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What drives motility in sporozoa?
a. flagella
b. pseudopodia
c. cilia
d. sporozoa are non-motile
Sporozoa are non motile organisms.
What do you mean by sporozoa and why they are non motile?Sporozoa are parasitic non motile protozoa that have a complex life cycle usually involving both sexual and asexual generation often in different hosts and includes important pathogens. Sporozoans do not have flagella or cillia for locomotion . They depend on twisting and bending on move.
Sporozoa do not have flagella or cillia for locomotion. So, they are non motile .
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A new brand of fertilizer called Potent Grow hits the market accompanied by advertisements that claim it is better than the leading brand. The current leading brand, Super Plantz, is famous for its slogan “What plants like best”. Design an experiment to test the companies’ claims, making sure to include descriptions of: The independent variable. The dependent variable. The control group The experimental group. A step-by-step explanation of the experiment including explanations of what kind of data you would collect to form your conclusion.
A new fertilizer brand named Potent Grow enters the market with commercials claiming to be superior to the market leader.
Super Plants, the market leader at the moment, is well known for its slogan, "What plants like best." Create an experiment to verify the claims made by the companies, being sure to describe the independent variable, the dependent variable, and the control group. The experimentation teams.
The chance of fertilization by mutant pollen is around 1.6 times lower than by wild-type pollen, according to research on the transmission rate of the spik-1 gene in heterozygous plants. The authors came to the conclusion that the spik-1 allele reduces pollen competitive capacity.
A step-by-step explanation of the experiment with details on the types of data you would gather to draw your conclusions.
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topic: cell membrane
Makes up the bilayer (2 answers)
Answer: a continuous double layer of lipid molecules in which membrane proteins are embedded. This lipid bilayer is fluid, with individual lipid molecules able to diffuse rapidly within their own monolayer. The membrane lipid molecules are amphipathic. The most numerous are the phospholipids.
Explanation:
Biological membranes consist of a continuous double layer of lipid molecules in which membrane proteins are embedded. This lipid bilayer is fluid, with individual lipid molecules able to diffuse rapidly within their own monolayer. The membrane lipid molecules are amphipathic. The most numerous are the phospholipids. When placed in water they assemble spontaneously into bilayers, which form sealed compartments that reseal if torn.There are three major classes of membrane lipid molecules—phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids. The lipid compositions of the inner and outer monolayers are different, reflecting the different functions of the two faces of a cell membrane.
How does the function of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium differ from the function of unkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium? give examples of locations for each.
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium differs from the function of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium in that non-keratinized epithelium is permeable to water whereas cornified epithelium is impermeable to water. Moreover, the keratinized epithelium is an effective barrier, whereas the non-keratinized epithelium is a less effective barrier.
What is keratinized epithelium?
Keratinized epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium found in the skin, the epidermis of the palms and soles, and masticatory mucosa. The keratinized epithelium forms an effective barrier. Its surface layer consists of dead cells. Keratin deposits on the surface. The cytoplasm of surface cells is replaced by keratin proteins. The keratinized epithelium is therefore dry and impermeable to water. It also provides better protection against scratches.
What is non-keratinized epithelium?
The non-cornified epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium found in the lips, oral mucosa, alveolar mucosa, soft palate, the underside of the tongue, and the floor of the mouth. Unlike keratinized epithelium, the non-keratinized epithelium is moist and contains living cells in the superficial layer.
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What are the pros and cons of netting in biodiversity
Biodiversity offsets are quantifiable conservation initiatives that are added to existing preventative and mitigation efforts to make up for inevitable damage.
In terms of species diversity, habitat quality, and ecosystem function, offsets should result in no net loss of biodiversity and, ideally, a net gain. The debate over biodiversity offsets is contentious since some governments are promoting offsets as a means of "accelerating development, or more simply as a means of undermining comprehensive land planning and allowing detrimental development on protected territory." There has been a lot of pushback to this. Purchasing fewer products and ensuring that the ones you do purchase have a minimal impact on biodiversity investing in initiatives to advance biodiversity looking for ways to cut of consumer products, such as food, clothing, and electrical equipment.
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You may notice that the slope in the ice segment is steeper than the water segment.
Why is that?
a) Ice has a higher density than water and is therefore easier to melt
b) More heat is required to raise the temperature of ice
c) More heat is required to melt the ice than to evaporate it
d) More heat is required to raise the temperature of liquid water
The slope in the ice segment is steeper than in the water segment because more heat is required to raise the temperature of the ice.
Ice is heated by changing its phase from solid to liquid, or from ice to water. Melting is required to turn ice into water. Ice melts at 0 degrees Celsius. The temperature won't change until all the ice has melted. The temperature will begin to rise once all the ice has melted.
The transformation of water into gas comes next. Steam is produced when water boils. Water begins to vapourize at a temperature of 1000C. The temperature is unaffected by the phase change. Due to the strong intramolecular hydrogen bonds between water molecules, a large quantity of heat is needed. Before the water molecules can be transformed into vapors, the heat supplied is utilized to first break the hydrogen bonds between the water molecules. As a result, the ice segment's slope is steeper than the water segment's.
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Hi with no value on the nova display indicates that the blood glucose value is over _________ mg/dl or there has been a technique error.
With no value on the nova display indicates that the blood glucose value is over 600mg/dl.
What is blood sugar?Your blood's primary sugar is known as blood sugar or glucose. It is the primary source of energy for your body and is obtained from the food you consume. All of the cells in your body use glucose, which is carried by your blood, to provide energy.
Your blood sugar levels must be kept under control if you have diabetes. Too much blood glucose over an extended period of time might lead to major issues. Having issues with too low or too high blood sugar levels is possible even if you do not have diabetes. It can be beneficial to maintain a consistent routine for your food, exercise, and medication administration. It is crucial to keep your blood sugar levels within the desired range if you have diabetes.
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Consider a protein that is targeted to be excreted to the outside of the plasma membrane. Where would this protein be located in the endoplasmic reticulum?.
Answer:Consider a protein that is targeted to be excreted to the outside of the plasma membrane. Where would this protein be located in the Golgi? It will be embedded in the E.R. membrane with domain X facing the lumen of the E.R.
Explanation:
moving from the element with atomic number 10 to atomic number 11 on the periodic table there is a change in reactivity, which of the following are true?
select all that apply .
Reactivity increases
Reactivity decreases
Neon has another shell
Sodium has another shell
Valence electrons in sodium are farther from the nucleus
Atomic number 11 does not have a full electron shell
Changes observed from the reactivity of the elements are;
Reactivity increasesSodium has more shellValence electrons in sodium are farther from the nucleusAtomic number 11 does not have a full electron shellWhat is reactivity of elements in the periodic table?Reactivity is a measure of how easily an element will combine with other elements to form compounds.
An element with atomic number of 11 is known as Sodium, found in group 1 of the periodic table with is the group of most reactive metals in the periodic table.
An element with atomic number of 10 is known as neon, found in group 8 of the periodic table and it is known as inert gas because it has octet structure.
Thus, we can conclude the following;
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In humans, a cleft chin is dominant and no-cleft is recessive. What will the generations look like? assume that mendel’s method of crossing two true breeding parents with opposite traits is followed. Check all that apply.
Here are what the generations look like assuming that Mendel’s method of crossing two true breeding parents with opposite traits is followed:
The F1 generation will have all cleft chinsThe P generation and F2 generation will have cleft chins and no-cleft chins.This inquiry suggests that a gene that codes for cleft presence is implicated. Cleft chin allele (C) is dominant, whereas cleft-free allele (c) is recessive.
If two genuine breeding parents, such as CC (cleft chin) cc (no cleft chin), are crossed (see attached image). The Cc genotype is present in the F1 generation of children.
The following progeny are created when Cc Cc is crossed to create the F2 generation: CC, Cc, Cc, and cc.
CC's chin will be cleft.CC will have a cleft chincc has no cleftHere is another question with an answer similar to this about allele dominance: brainly.com/question/290081
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Question correction:
In humans, a cleft chin is dominant and no-cleft is recessive. What will the generations look like? Assume that Mendel’s method of crossing two true breeding parents with opposite traits is followed. Check all that apply.
The P generation, F1 generation, and F2 generation will have all cleft chins.The P generation, F1 generation, and F2 generation will have all no-cleft chins.The P generation and F1 generation will have all cleft chins.The F1 generation will have all cleft chins.The P generation and F2 generation will have all no-cleft chins.The P generation and F2 generation will have cleft chins and no-cleft chins.The P generation, F1 generation, and F2 generation will have cleft chins and no-cleft chins.Which of the following is a characteristic of all lipids?
Question 2 options:
a non-polar region that does not mix with water
a monomer of glucose
a polymer consisting of a chain of simple sugars
a 1:2:1 ratio of C, H & O
how it's folded determines it's function
Answer:
A non-polar region that does not mix with water
A 1:2:1 ratio of C, H & O
Explanation:
Lipids are non-polar meaning they cannot mix and/or dissolve in water. They are also a 1-2-1 ratio of C, H, and O.
Which functional group, if found in the r group of an amino acid, would most likely be able to form an ionic bond force with a charged amino group on another molecule?.
Carboxyl functional group is found in the R group of an amino acid, which most likely forms an ionic bond force with a charged amino group on another molecule.
In organic chemistry, amino acids are classified as organic compounds. The full form of amino acids is α-amino [alpha-amino] carboxylic acid.
The structure of amino acid shows that it contains an amino group and a carboxyl group as functional groups.
Each amino molecule is composed of a carbon atom also called alpha carbon (α-carbon), a hydrogen atom, and an R group.
The carboxyl group, H atom, and r group all are attached to the carbon atom to satisfy its valency i.e. 4.
To put it simply, amino acids contain a carboxylic functional group and they are the building blocks of proteins.
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If an individual with type o blood mates with an individual with type ab blood, what are the possible blood phenotypes of their offspring?.
pleese help i need answers for this
Answer:
C - The same traits as the single parent.
Explanation:
Asexual reproduction is the production of offspring from one parent, and the DNA will always be identical to that one parent.
Researchers conducted a study concerning cellular transport in animal cells affected by mitochondrial disease the disease affect an organisms ability to produce ATP during their study which method of cellular transport still function in the affected animal cells
Answer:
organisms ability to produce ATP during their study which method of cellular transport still
Explanation:
function in the affected animal cells
Even a country in which the birthrate and death rate are equal can experience population growth if it also has.
Even a country in which the birthrate and death rate are equal can experience population growth if it also has immigration.
In evolutionary time, migration will often quickly converge gene frequencies among populations. Migration is a powerful mechanism for balancing the gene frequencies of subpopulations in a species in the absence of selection. Gene frequencies will eventually equalize if the migration rate is larger than zero.Migration refers to the movement of people, groups, or populations. Migration facilitates gene flow, or the transfer of genes from one population to another, in terms of genetics. Migration—or, to be more precise, gene flow—alone will quickly bring the gene frequencies of the two populations together if they initially had distinct gene frequencies and if selection is not at work.Therefore, immigration is the correct answer.
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The scientific method gives scientists a way to_______ their think about a problem or question
A. organize
B. categorize
C. solve
D. explain
Select three ways you can denature an enzyme.
a) ph
b) temperature
c) boiling
d) increase in concentration of enzyme
e) acid base neutralization
Answer:
-ph
-temperature
(there is another option which is cutting oxygen away from the enzymes)
the scientific method allows us to focus on _____ in order to determine how things work
Answer: objectively establishing facts through testing and experimentation
Explanation: The basic process involves making an observation, forming a hypothesis, making a prediction, conducting an experiment and finally analyzing the results.
Which organelle would play the most direct role in eliminating bacteria engulfed by a phagocytic white blood cell?.
Lysosome would play the most direct role in eliminating bacteria engulfed by a phagocytic white blood cell.
An organelle of a cell that is membrane-bound and houses digestive enzymes is called a lysosome. Numerous cell processes involve lysosomes. They disassemble extra or worn-out cell components. They could be utilized to eliminate invasive bacteria and viruses. A lysosome performs three primary tasks: it repairs damaged cell membranes, breaks down and digests macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids), and it mounts defenses against pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and other antigens. Lysosomes are frequently budded from the Golgi apparatus membrane, but they can also form gradually from late endosomes, which are vesicles that convey components that have been endocytosed into the cell.learn more about Lysosome here: https://brainly.com/question/5534167
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Which methods can you use to move text from one part of the document
to another? Select all that apply.
The method that is used to move text from one part of the document to another is to cut and paste the text. The correct option is B.
What are copy and paste?Copy is the command of the computer that copies a text or image or any file, and it can be pasted to another place within the computer. The shortcut for copy is CTRL c and the shortcut for paste is CTRL v. these buttons are given on the keyboard.
The paste is the function of a computer by which the test, image, or file that is copied is being pasted to the place.
Therefore, the correct option is B. Cut and paste the text.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
Go to Backstage view and click the Move button
Cut and paste the text
Press the Print Screen key on your keyboard
Select the text, then click and drag it to another location
Body shapes and contours are heavily influenced by the shape of what integument layer?
Body shapes and contours are heavily influenced by the shape of the hypodermis layer.
Skin is composed of three layers: hypodermis, dermis, and epidermis. The hypodermis is the subcutaneous and innermost layer of the skin. The dermis is the middle layer while the epidermis is the outermost layer which bears hairs exposed to the external environment. Hypodermis layer is responsible for varying body shapes and contours in different people. The thickness of hypodermis may vary at different sites in a body and different people. It is thickest in the shoulders and abdominal region in males while females have thick hypodermis in the hips, thighs, and buttocks.
The hypodermis is composed of connective and adipose tissues. It regulates the body temperature and connects the bones and muscles.
Hypodermis determines the shape of the human body, it also determines the body contouring in men and women.
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One side effect common with the older antipsychotics, but less common with the newer ones, is:__________
Pseudo-Parkinsonism is a side effect that is more prevalent with earlier antipsychotics but less prevalent with newer ones.
What exactly is an antipsychotic drug?Antipsychotic medications, also known as neuroleptics, are typically used to treat psychotic, primarily in schizophrenic but also in a wide range of other psychotic disorders.. Along with mood stabilizers, they are a crucial element of the treatment for bipolar illness.
What antipsychotic medication is the strongest?Neutropenia can be brought on by clozapine, which has the most potent antipsychotic impact. Poor patient compliance, which causes psychotic symptoms to repeat, is a challenge in the treatment of schizophrenia.
Trifluoperazine, a first-generation antipsychotic (FGA), is the only antipsychotic now FDA-approved for the treatment of anxiety.
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Study the image.
AN
////
Which point shows the trade winds?
O 1
02
3
The point 2 in the image shows the trade wind. As it moves east to west and north to south of the equator.
Types of windPlanatary windTrade windThe westerliesPeriodic windLocal windWhat is trade wind?The trade winds are defined as the winds which reliably blow north to south similarly east to west of the equator. The winds helpful for the ships who directing to or travel west.
Why wind arises?These winds arises due to the Coriolis forces which deflect winds towards left in the southern hemisphere and right in the northern hemisphere.
Thus, we concluded that point 2 in the image shows the trade wind.
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DISCLAIMER:The above question is incomplete. Here the complete question:
Which point shows the trade winds?
Use the following DNA sequences and transcribe each into mRNA.
ATACCGATACGGACT
TCATCGGATACGCGC
CGGATCCAGTCACTA
1. UAUGGCUAUGCCUGA
2. AGUGCCUAUGCGCG
3. GCCUAGGUCAGUGAU
All of the following could likely be an antigen except:____.
a. a viral spike protein
b. a bacterial membrane protein
c. lps (lipopolysaccharide)
d. a molecule of cyclic amp (camp)
Option D: All of the following would likely be an antigen except a molecule of the cyclic amp (cAMP).
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a derivative of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is important for many biological processes involving intracellular transduction in various organisms. cAMP is synthesized by adenylate cyclase, an enzyme located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Various G proteins are responsible for the activation and inhibition of adenylate cyclase.
cAMP regulates glycogen, sugar, and lipid metabolism. It acts as an intracellular messenger to transfer the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline into the cells. It activates protein kinases and also regulates the function of ion channels by binding with them.
Since, viral spike proteins, bacterial membrane proteins, and lipopolysaccharides all act as antigens by triggering the immune system where cAMP is involved in the transmission of various signals. Therefore, it can be said that cAMP is not an antigen.
Thus, option D is the correct answer.
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According to Arrhenius, an acid produces H+ ions when dissolved in water?
Explanation:
According to Arrhenius, the acids are the hydrogen-containing compounds which give H+ ions or protons on dissociation in water and bases are the hydroxide compounds which give OH− ions on dissociation in water.
