what, then, led to the supreme court in 1954 reaching such a different decision? can business owners and corporations have an impact on issues that affect us as a society?

Answers

Answer 1

Separate educational facilities for white and African American pupils were deemed to be fundamentally unequal in the 1954 ruling. Yes, companies and company owners have an impact on society.

A business is easy to start, but it may be challenging to maintain, particularly when it comes to fulfilling regulatory and tax requirements, which can be intimidating for a small business owner. Making a company a corporation has the benefit of making choosing who will run and administer the company easy. Shareholders are required to attend yearly meetings to elect directors since the corporation is a distinct legal entity. A person or organisation that gains from ownership is an actual owner. They are qualified for all benefits because the item is registered in their name and they are the legal owner. When there are several parties or entities involved, it may be challenging to identify the real owner.

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Related Questions

broche technologies, a brand of electronic appliances, develops a new range of refrigerators that do not release chlorofluorocarbons. the company promotes these products as the most eco-friendly refrigerators in the market. in this scenario, broche technologies is engaging in .

Answers

Broche Technologies is engaging in green marketing.

Green marketing focuses on selling products and services based on their environmental benefits. Its features include adopting sustainable business practices, creating eco-friendly products, implementing eco-friendly packaging, communicating the environmental benefits of the product, etc.

Green Marketing by Ken Peattie (1992) in the United Kingdom and Green Marketing: Challenges & Opportunities for the New Marketing Age by Jacquelyn Ottman (1993) in the United States of America.

Green Marketing encourages production of pure products by pure technology, conservation of energy, preservation of environment, minimum use of natural resources, and more use of natural foods instead of processed foods.

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before you schedule a production order, you should consider your left over inventory from last year. true or false?

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Unused inventory from the previous year should be taken into account before scheduling a production order, it is true.

What does workplace inventory entail?

Inventory is the merchandise or supplies that a company plans to resell to clients for a profit. Inventory management is the process of tracking inventory from producers to depots and from locations to a point of sale. It is a crucial component of the supply chain.

What do inventory skills entail?

The education, training, and experiences of present employees are compiled into a skills inventory. These inventories help organizations determine whether their current workforce is capable of achieving their objectives. Strategic planning initiatives are aided by an understanding of the company's present talent pool and skill requirements in the future.

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Tax incidence is the division of the burden of tax between:________

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Tax incidence refers to the division of the burden of a tax between the buyer and the seller

A tax incidence occurs when buyers and sellers are both responsible for paying taxes. The payers of a new tax, such as producers and consumers or various socioeconomic classes within a society, will be identified by the tax incidence. Consideration of a good's demand elasticity can help in comprehending the tax incidence across parties. Who will pay the price of a new tax consumers or producers is determined by the tax incidence. Corporation tax or tax burden in economics refers to how a particular tax affects how economic wellbeing is distributed. The entities that ultimately pay the taxes as well as those initially subject to them are distinguished by economists.

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the congressional budget office (cbo) has estimated the following responses over a 10-year period to a 10 percent rise in cigarette prices. long-run price elasticities for cigarettes age group percent decline in smoking 12-17 years 5% 18 years 4.5% 19-39 years 4% 40 years and older 1.5% what is the long-run price elasticity of demand for cigarettes among 18-year olds?

Answers

According to estimates, the demand for cigarettes among 18-year-olds has a 4.5% long-term price elasticity. The following replies have been calculated by the congressional budget office (cbo). long-run

In contrast to the short-run, where at least one input is fixed, the long-run in economics refers to a period of time during which all inputs can be adjusted. Long-term adjustments to market conditions, such as shifts in prices or technological advancements, can be made by both consumers and businesses in terms of production scale and procedures. The long-run idea is significant because it emphasises the significance of taking into account the dynamic character of economic systems and enables a more realistic understanding of how markets and the economy function over time. In economic modelling, forecasting, policy analysis, and decision-making, long-run analysis is frequently utilised.

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security armored car corporation employs theo as an agent. without security's knowledge but otherwise acting within the scope of employment, theo commits a crime. the state can successfully prosecute neither security nor theo. security only. security or theo. theo only.

Answers

In this scenario, Theo committed a crime without the knowledge of his employer, Security Armored Car Corporation. As long as Theo was acting within the scope of his employment, the corporation may be held liable for his actions under the doctrine of respondeat superior.

However, since the state cannot successfully prosecute Security Armored Car Corporation or Theo, it is likely that the corporation will not be held liable. Theo, on the other hand, can still be held criminally liable for his actions even though he was acting within the scope of his employment. It is important to note that just because Theo was employed by Security Armored Car Corporation does not absolve him of responsibility for his criminal actions. In conclusion, while Security Armored Car Corporation may not be held liable, Theo can still be held criminally responsible for his actions.

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what do sellers do if they expect the price of a good they have for sale to increase dramatically in the near future?

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When the price is raised, a sandwich shop raises the quantity of sandwiches they offer each day. If customers increase their current spending because they anticipate having more money in the future, demand rises, and D shifts right.

Expectations: If suppliers anticipate an increase in prices, they will reduce their quantity supply today and hold onto goods to resell at a higher price later. the volume of a resource, service, or item that customers are prepared and able to sell during a certain time period at a given price. • If a good's demand price increases, more of that good is supplied, all other things being equal.

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gently laser clinic purchased laser equipment for $6,593 and paid $728 down, with the remainder to be paid later. the correct entry would be

Answers

The purchase price, sales taxes, transportation fees, insurance paid to cover the item during shipment, assembly, installation, and all other costs involved with preparing the item for use are all included in the cost of equipment, vehicles, and furniture.

Cost of Equipment = $4,249

Cash paid = $627

Accounts payable = Cost of Equipment - Cash paid

= $4,249 - $627

= $3,622

JOURNAL ENTRY

Equipment               $4,249  

Accounts Payable   $3,622

Cash                       $627

The answer is Equipment$4,249 Accounts Payable$3,622 Cash$627

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bestbrew corp. and true coffee inc. were two leading coffee manufacturing firms. they united and created a whole new firm called true brew inc. that used the best customer front-end and operational back-end processes of the two firms. this union is an example of a .

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BestBrew Corp. and True Coffee Inc. were two leading coffee manufacturing firms. They united and created a whole new firm called True Brew Inc. that used the best customer front-end and operational back-end processes of the two firms. This union is an example of a merger. Option D is correct.

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are corporate transactions in which ownership of a company, other business organization, or its operational units is transferred to or merged with that of another firm or business organization. M&A, as a component of strategic management, may enable businesses to grow or shrink, as well as changing the nature of their business or competitive position.

A merger is a legal merging of two commercial companies into one, whereas an acquisition happens when one entity acquires the share capital, equity interests, or assets of another firm. A merger of equals is a partnership in which both CEOs agree that joining forces is in the best interests of both of their firms.

The complete question is:

BestBrew Corp. and True Coffee Inc. were two leading coffee manufacturing firms. They united and created a whole new firm called True Brew Inc. that used the best customer front-end and operational back-end processes of the two firms. This union is an example of a _____.

A. brownfield entryB. greenfield entryC. takeoverD. merger

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Critics who claim that tradable emission allowances are equivalent to the government issuing licenses to pollute are ignoring the economic ideas that resources are scarce and​ trade-offs exist.
True or false?

Answers

The economic theories that underpin True are disregarded by critics who assert such marketable emission allowances are the same as the government granting permits to pollute.

What do those who dispute the comparable nature of tradeable emission allowances say?

Those who argue that trading emission allowances is the same as the government providing permits to pollute ignore the economic principles of scarcity and trade-offs.

Why do economists favor charges or permits over regulations to reduce pollution?

While each of these strategies can be successful in achieving environmental objectives, economists generally prefer strategies like pollution prevention or emission trading authorizes over state regulation because these two create incentives for businesses to reduce carbon emissions in the most effective, economical way.

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according to the electure, the job application process is similar to other forms of business communication. but in this process, your message, or end product, is

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According to the electure, the job application process is similar to other forms of business communication. but in this process, your message, or end product, is a job application.

The job application process involves creating a document that will be used to introduce yourself to a potential employer. It should include information that is relevant to the job you are applying for, such as your work experience, education, skills, and qualifications.

You will also need to include a cover letter that explains why you are a good fit for the position and why you are interested in the role. You may also need to include other documents such as a resume, references, and portfolios.

Once your application is complete, you should submit it to the employer or job board. The employer will then review your application and contact you if they are interested in furthering the conversation.

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the apple industry was used as a supply and demand example in this video. when the price per pound of apples was $3lbs., what is the amount of surplus or shortage?

Answers

1,700 lbs is the amount of surplus or shortage at the price per pound of apples was $3lbs.

Surplus is an economic concept that refers to a situation where the quantity of a good or service supplied exceeds the quantity demanded at a given price. In other words, when there is more supply than demand for a particular product, a surplus occurs. A surplus can lead to a decrease in the price of the product, as suppliers try to sell off their excess inventory. It can also result in a decrease in production, as suppliers reduce their shareholders output to avoid further losses. Surpluses can have negative effects on the economy, as they can lead to lower profits for businesses, reduced employment opportunities, and lower overall economic growth. Managing surpluses is an important part of supply chain management and economic policy, as it helps to ensure that supply and demand are balanced in a way that is beneficial for all parties involved.

the complete question is:

The apple industry was used as a supply and demand example in this video. When the price per pound of apples is $3. what is the amount of surplus or shortage?

Select one:

a. Surplus of 1,700 lbs

b. Surplus of 1,000 lbs

c. Shortage of 1,700 lbs.

d. Shortage of 4,000 lbs.

e. Zero. The market is in equilibrium at $3/lbs.

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Why do binding price floors cause a deadweight loss? a) A binding price floor prevents some mutually beneficial exchanges from happening. b) Binding price floors do not cause a deadweight loss. By keeping prices higher than the market equilibrium price, consumer and producer surplus increase. c) A binding price floor increases producer surplus and increases producer surplus by an equal amount, leaving total surplus unchanged. d) A binding price floor increases consumer surplus and decreases producer surplus by an equal amount, leaving total surplus unchanged.

Answers

Some of the mutually beneficial transactions are prevented by a binding price floor. A deadweight loss is not brought on by binding price floors. Price maintenance above the price of market equilibrium increases consumer and producer surplus.

What are some instances of benefits?

He expects that a lot more individuals will benefit from the new medicine. Numerous health benefits can be derived from regular exercise. They have a connection that is advantageous to/for them both. While some insects are dangerous, others are helpful. An estimation or projection, stated in monetary or non-monetary terms, of the anticipated benefits or outputs of a planned activity, initiative, or programme.

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tina, the director of hr, is disturbed at the high level of turnover at her company. from exit interviews, she suspects that certain supervisors have higher dysfunctional turnover rates among their subordinates than others. in order to verify this hunch, tina should analyze turnover by department and by

Answers

Tina has to analyze employee performance ratings and turnover by department in order to verify this branch.

The stage of job measurement known as performance rating occurs when the analyst watches the worker's performance and notes a value comparing that performance to the analyst's definition of typical performance.

Performance rating improves employee performance, finds areas for training and education, places workers in positions where they may excel, and upholds equity in compensation, benefits, advancement, hiring, and firing. Most employees are curious about their performance at work. For employees to work efficiently, they require performance feedback. The key to good performance is getting timely, accurate, constructive feedback to an employee. Goal-setting and other motivational techniques rely on frequent performance reviews. Although there are numerous potential sources of mistake when rating performance, they can both be minimised by using behaviorally anchored rating scales and rater training. Such scales are employed in industrial and organisational psychology to precisely identify the behaviours that characterise subpar, mediocre, and excellent performance.

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if lucy earns a 6 percent after-tax rate of return, $19,000 received in four years is worth how much today?

Answers

Lucy's future value after computing based on the information provided, today will be $6,336.

Here,

$8,000 × .792 (Discount Factor, 4 years, 6%) = $6,336

A resource's future value is its worth at that time or at the moment in future. It determines the nominal future sum of money that is a given amount of money and is "worth" at a given point in the future under the assumption of a specific interest rate, or more generally, rate of return; it is the present value multiplied by the accumulation function.

Future value is important to investors and financial planners because it allows them to estimate how much an investment made today will be worth in the future. The value does not account for adjustments for inflation or other factors that might influence the true value of money in the future. This is used to determine the time value of money.

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Note that the full question is:

If Lucy earns a 6% after-tax rate of return, $8,000 received in four years is worth how much today? Use Exhibit 3.1. (Round present and future value amounts to 3 places)

$8,000.

$7,544.

$8,989.

$6,336.

multiple choice question a marketing researcher wants to study the factors that increase profits earned by companies. in this scenario, which of the following would be an example of a hypothesis that suggests a positive relationship between the two variables? multiple choice question. firms that spend less on advertising are more likely to earn higher profits. firms that have high attrition rates are more likely to have lower profits. firms that spend more on research are more likely to earn higher profits. firms that place importance on media relations see no rise or fall in their profits.

Answers

These are some examples of hypotheses that would indicate a favorable correlation between the two variables: The likelihood of bigger profits is higher for companies that invest more in research.

How might market research be demonstrated?

In-depth or straightforward questions can be asked during interviews, a typical form of primary market research. When a company phones a current client to inquire about their satisfaction with a product they recently bought, that is an example of an interview in the context of market research.

What exactly is market research? What actions constitute a marketing research study?

There are six steps in the marketing research process: the identification of the problem, the development of a solution strategy, 3. The creation of the research plan, 4. Fieldwork or data collecting, 5. Preparation and analysis of the data, and 6. Report creation and presentation.

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managers use a predetermined overhead rate for which of the following reasons? (check all that apply.) multiple select question. to assist in setting prices for jobs total job costs are not needed until the end of the accounting period, so predetermined rates are not needed. to estimate total job costs before the job is completed predetermined costs are more accurate than using actual costs

Answers

Managers employ a fixed overhead rate for the following reasons:

A. To aid in determining work prices

C. To calculate the overall cost of the job before it is finished.

Fixed Operating Expenses: What are they?

Expenses that don't change based on changes in the level of business activity each month are referred to as fixed overhead costs. Several examples of fixed overheads are salaries, rent, property taxes, asset depreciation, and license fees from the government.

For what purpose do managers use a set overhead rate?

By setting a predefined overhead rate for your business, you can utilize a technique to assist keep costs in line with levels of production and sales. When it's time to review expenditures, keeping track of a clearly defined rate will offer you a prompt warning, allowing you to keep your profit margins intact.

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which of the following statements about the operations function is not correct? group of answer choices inputs to operations can take many different forms. operations management activities are information and decision intensive. nearly all operations activities require coordination with other business functions. the outputs of an operations function are always tangible.

Answers

C) The outputs of an operations function are always tangible is not correct about operations function.

The operational functions are the major functions that are part of the organization's principal operating activity. The managerial steps that management takes to facilitate an organization's operational functions are planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling.

Organizations are made up of various departments or parts that must collaborate but often struggle to do so. An operations manager is responsible for ensuring that all of these distinct cogs operate together to achieve both their own goals and the company's overall goals.

Operations managers must be able to efficiently promote cross-departmental collaboration, such as integrating human resources to project management, marketing and content to sales, and supply chain management to finance and facilities.

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Correct question:

Which of the following statements about the operations function is NOT correct?

A) Inputs to operations can take many different forms.

B) Nearly all operations activities require coordination with other business functions.

C) The outputs of an operations function are always tangible.

D) Operations management activities are information and decision intensive.

when you see a production possibilities frontier (ppf) drawn as a straight line, the opportunity cost of one good or service (in terms of units of the other good or service that must be given up) is assumed to be: multiple choice question.

Answers

When you see a production possibilities frontier (ppf) drawn as a straight line, the opportunity cost of one good or service is assumed to be constant.

What does a frontier of economic output potential entail?

The graph of the Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF) displays every possible output combination of two items that can be made using the available materials and scientific knowledge at the time.

What is the limit of possible manufacturing, and why does it move?

The Production-Possibilities Frontier is the idea that production inputs like labor and capital are scarce in a specific economy. A variety of things must be generated from the limited resources because there is a cap on the amount of each object that may be produced.

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An ad for luxury bathrobes appears next to an article about how to create an at-home spa experience. Is this an example of contextual or data-based advertising?

Answers

Yes, this is an example of contextual or data-based advertising

A sort of financial accounting known as advertising costs includes all costs related to promoting a business, organisation, name, logo, good, or service. They include advertisements in broadcast and radio time, print and web advertisements, and direct mail advertisements. The price of advertising is frequently not a surprise to the business owner. In actuality, a lot of people have budgeted for advertising costs. The U.S. Small Business Administration states that the majority of companies base their marketing expenses on revenues. People are frequently presented with advertising in the form of a quick video, audio file (radio), or text message. The basic goal is to encourage them to buy something or do something else.

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for the year ending august 31, mammalia medical co. mistakenly omitted adjusting entries for (1) depreciation of $8,200, (2) fees earned that were not billed of $11,700, and (3) accrued wages of $2,600. indicate the effect of the errors on (a) revenues, (b) expenses, and (c) net income for the year ended august 31.

Answers

It is a crucial component of a company's books since it displays the performance of the business. The net profit is computed by subtracting all costs from the total revenue for the fiscal year.

What are Expenses?Expenses: It is the expense made by the organization to make money. It appears as a debit side in the income statement.Net Income: Net income is the amount left over after deducting all of the company's expenses, both direct and indirect, for the given period from all revenues.Revenue: It is the money the business makes from its main lines of operations. Income can be obtained by selling products or by offering clients services.Accrued Wages: These are the employee earnings that were earned but unpaid at the end of the reporting period. It appears on the balance sheet under the heading current liabilities.

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in terms of staffing, the responsibility of line management isgroup of answer choicesto make final decisions on entry-level hires and promotions.to perform a job or competency analysis.to develop legally sound performance management systems.to investigate employee complaints.

Answers

The responsibility of line management in terms of staffing is A. to make final decisions on entry-level hires and promotions.

What is staffing?

Finding, choosing, analysing, and establishing a working rapport with present or potential employees is referred to as staffing. Finding qualified applicants to fill the various positions inside the firm is the major objective of staffing.

A company's staffing management comprises of the procedures, techniques, and plans required to locate, hire, and keep employees. This covers all aspects of finding candidates, hiring talent, integrating new personnel, and keeping staff.

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Mariah would like to start eating healthier by making low-sugar meals. Which
of the following word searches should she use in order to get the most
specific results?
• A. "sugar'
B. 'recipes for healthy meals-low sugar"
• c. "Iow sugar recipes"
. D. "healthy eating, especially eating low-sugar meals"

Answers

Mariah should use the search term "Low sugar recipes" in order to get the most specific results. This search term will help her find recipes specifically designed to be low in sugar, which will help her achieve her goal of eating healthier.
C. Lower sugar recipes

Give 3 situations in which the credit bureaus would have to provide you an additional free report.

Answers

1. Adverse action has been taken against you based on information on your credit report.

2. You are unemployed and seeking employment.

3. You are receiving public welfare assistance.

What time will the next free credit report be available?

If any of the following apply to you, you can receive more reports for free: You were informed that, as a result of your credit report, you had been refused credit, insurance, employment, or that you had encountered another "adverse action".

Where can I find my credit report?

Each of the three credit reporting agencies must provide you with a free yearly credit report, and this is what you are entitled to on AnnualCreditReport.com. Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion are a few of these organizations. Many individuals are struggling financially as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak.

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two food delivery services merge, effectively reducing the number of corporations competing in the food delivery industry. this is an example of a(n)

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Horizontal merger. Two food delivery services merge/merged, effectively reducing the number of corporations competing in the food delivery industry. this is an example of a(n) horizontal merger.

A horizontal merger is a merger or merger between companies in the same industry. Competition between companies operating in the same sector is usually more intense. In other words, the synergies and potential market share gains from corporate mergers are much greater.

This type of merger often occurs when large companies seek more efficient economies of scale. Conversely, vertical mergers occur when companies in different parts of the supply chain join forces to make production processes more efficient or reduce costs.

A horizontal merger is a merger of companies in the same industry. Creating one strong company instead of two competitors often leads to opportunities to eliminate competition.

Horizontal mergers can significantly increase revenue because the combined company has access to a wider variety of products and services.

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allen has purchased a whole life policy with a death benefit of $180,000. assuming that he dies in 10 years and the average inflation has been 4 percent, what is the value of the purchasing power of the proceeds? use exhibit 1-a. (round time value factor to 3 decimal places and final answer to 2 decimal places.)

Answers

The death benefit must be adjusted for inflation in order to determine the value of the purchasing power of the proceeds. The death benefit's value as a sum of money, or its "purchasing power," is therefore $108,607.76.

We must adjust the death benefit for inflation in order to determine the worth of the purchasing power of the money. The time value of money formula can be used to determine the death benefit's worth, adjusted for inflation: Death Benefit / (1 + Inflation Rate) equals Modified Death Benefit. ^ Span of time. In this case, there is a $180,000 death benefit, 4% inflation, and a 10-year time frame. We can calculate the time value factor and discount rate for 10 years using Exhibit 1-a. 0.675 is the time value factor. $180,000 / (1 + 0.04) equals the adjusted death benefit. Adjusted Death Benefit = $108,607.76 in 10ths.

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tam company is negotiating for the purchase of equipment that would cost $100,000, with the expectation that $20,000 per year could be saved in after-tax cash costs if the equipment were acquired. the equipment's estimated useful life is 10 years, with no residual value, and would be depreciated by the straight-line method. tam's predetermined minimum desired rate of return is 12%. present value of an annuity of 1 at 12% for 10 periods is 5.65. present value of 1 due in 10 periods at 12% is 0.322. what is the accrual accounting rate of return based on initial investment?

Answers

The correct option is (d) 10%. The accounting rate of return (ARR) calculates a rough rate of return without taking time value of money into account.

Annual savings in after-tax cash costs

It is calculated as Initial (or Average) Investment Expected Increase divided by Annual Net Income for a Project.

The rise in Tam's yearly income that is anticipated is as follows:

Annual reduction in after-tax cash expenses.

$20,000 Annual depreciation on equipment

($100,000 ÷ 10 years) = (10,000)

Increase in annual net income $10,000

Purchase requires an initial investment of $100,000.

the apparatus. Consequently, the equipment's ARR is below. Tam is taking everything into account as:

$10,000 ÷ $100,000 = 10%

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Note that the full question is:

39. Tam Co. is negotiating for the purchase of equipment that would cost $100,000, with the expectation that $20,000 per year could be saved in after-tax cash costs if the equipment were acquired. The equipment's estimated useful life is ten years, with no residual value, and it would be depreciated by the straight-line method. Tam's predetermined minimum desired rate of return is 12%.

The present value of an annuity of 1 at 12% for ten periods is 5.65. The present value of 1 due in ten periods at 12% is .322. Accrual accounting rate of return based on the initial investment is

a. 30%

b. 20%

c. 12%

d. 10%

Suppose that when the average family income rises from $30,000 per year to $40,000 per year, the average family's purchases of toilet paper rise from 100 rolls to 105 rolls per year a) Calculate the income elasticity of demand for toilet paper. (1 point) b) Based on this number, what type of good is toilet paper? How do you know? (0.5 point) c) What does the magnitude of this number tell you about the income elasticity of toilet paper? (0.5 point)

Answers

The answers for the following questions are- 1) The income elasticity of demand for toilet paper is 0.17, 2) The toilet paper is a normal good, 3) The demand for toilet paper is income-inelastic.

What Is an Elastic Thing to Changes in Income?

Regardless of income, inelastic items often have the same level of demand. Even if your income increases, you'll still only need one gallon of milk or other essential necessities like gasoline each week.

What products are elastic to income?

Demand increases more than proportionally to a change in income for luxury goods and services, for instance, an 8% increase in income may result in a 10% increase in demand for restaurant meals. In this case, the demand elasticity of income is 1.25.

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QUESTION 6/10
Revenue is:
1-1
A. The amount of money a company pays its employees.
C. The amount of taxes a company has to pay.
B. The amount of money a company makes from sales.
D. The amount of money a company has left over after paying
Bills

Answers

B. the amlunt of money a company makes from sales

The figure shows a housing market with a rent ceiling equal to​ $1,000. In this​ figure, after taking account of the resources lost in​search, what area is equal to the consumer​surplus?
A.
area A
B.
area B
C.
area C
D.
area D
E.
area E

Answers

Option A. In the given figure, the area equal to the consumer surplus is shown by:

Area A

Consumer surplus is the difference between the maximum price that a consumer is willing to pay for a good or service and the actual price that they pay. In the given figure, the maximum price that consumers are willing to pay for the housing is shown by the demand curve. The rent ceiling is set at $1,000 which is below the equilibrium price of $1,500. Therefore, the quantity of housing demanded exceeds the quantity supplied, which results in a shortage of housing.

Area A represents the consumer surplus in this case, which is the area above the rent ceiling and below the demand curve, up to the quantity supplied. This is the difference between the maximum amount that consumers are willing to pay (as represented by the demand curve) and the actual price that they have to pay (the rent ceiling).

Therefore, the answer is A. Area A.

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which model is best used to understand the ways in which information technologies allow a firm to both attain and sustain a competitive advantage?

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One model that is commonly used to understand the ways in which information technologies allow a firm to attain and sustain a competitive advantage is the Resource-Based View (RBV) model.

The Resource-Based View model emphasizes that a firm's resources and capabilities are the primary sources of competitive advantage, and that a firm's ability to leverage its resources and capabilities through the effective use of information technologies can lead to sustained competitive advantage.

According to the RBV model, a firm's resources and capabilities can be categorized into three types: Physical resources: This includes tangible assets such as buildings, equipment, and inventory. Human resources: This includes the skills, knowledge, and expertise of a firm's employees. Organizational resources: This includes a firm's processes, systems, and culture.

By leveraging information technologies such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, customer relationship management (CRM) systems, and data analytics tools, firms can enhance their organizational resources, streamline their processes, and gain insights into their customers and markets, leading to increased competitiveness.

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