When two amino acid monomers are positioned so that the carboxyl group of one is adjacent to the amino group of the other, they can be joined through a reaction. True or false?.

Answer:

to convince society that the hypothesis is accurate

Answer:

Physical

Explanation:

The nurse should administer 0.5ml of meperidine hydrochloride injection.

Meperidine hydrochloride is an analgesic drug which acts on the central nervous system used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain which requires opioid treatment. It is a very strong pain killer and sometimes has severe side effects like mood swings, nausea, etc. it may also lead to addiction and thus needs to be taken only in the dosage prescribed by a physician.

Given:

Stock concentration: 100mg/ml

Working concentration: 50mg

To find:

Volume = ?

Formula:

Volume = Working concentration / stock concentration

Calculations:

Volume = 50 / 100

Volume = 0.5ml

Result:

0.5ml of the meperidine hydrochloride injection should be administered by the nurse.

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The volume occupied of ethyl alcohol  with a density of 0.789 g/ml and a mass of  1.5 g is: 1.9011 ml

The density formula and the procedure we will use is:

d = m/v

Where:

Information about the problem:

Applying the density formula and clearing the volume we get:

d = m/v

v = m/ d

v = 1.5 g/0.789 g/ml

v = 1.9011 ml

It is a physical quantity that expresses the ratio of the body mass to the volume it occupies.

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The species that has two more neutrons than electrons are ₂₀⁴⁰Ca²⁺ and ₁₁²³Na⁺  has two more neutrons than electrons; option C and D

The fundamental particles in an atom are the particles which make up the atom.

An atom is composed of three fundamental particles:

The number of protons in atom is the atomic number of the element.

The number of neutrons in atom is the difference between the mass number and atomic number of the atom.

For the given species;

₃⁶Li⁺:

number of protons = 3;

number of neutrons = 6 - 3 = 3

number of electrons = 3 -1 = 2

₄⁹Be²⁺:

number of protons = 4;

number of neutrons = 9 - 4 = 5

number of electrons = 4 -2 = 2

₁₁²³Na⁺:

number of protons = 11

number of neutrons = 23 - 11 = 12

number of electrons = 11 -1 = 10

₂₀⁴⁰Ca²⁺:

number of protons = 20

number of neutrons = 40 - 20 = 20

number of electrons = 20 -2 = 18

Therefore, ₂₀⁴⁰Ca²⁺ and ₁₁²³Na⁺  has two more neutrons than electrons.

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The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature from -20° to 0° is 730.8 J.

1) The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat needed to raise its temperature by one degree Celsius. Joules are commonly used to measure the amount of heat (J).

2) The capacity of a substance to produce heat per gram is determined by another attribute called specific heat.

By using the formulae of specific heat capacity

q = m x C x ΔT

q = mxc x (T2 - T1)

q = amount of heat energy

m = mass of sample

C = heat capacity of ice =2.03  (J/g C°)

T2 = final temperature

T = initial temperature

Mass of ice = 18 g

Initial temperature =   -20 C

Final temperature = 0°

q =  18×2.03 × (0-(20))

q = 730.8 j

By using the heat capacity formulae we can find the heat energy to raise the temperature .

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Gases, liquids and solids are all made up of atoms, molecules, and ions, but the behaviors of these particles are different in the three phases. Gases are well separated without a regular arrangement. Liquid on the other hand are close together with no regular arrangement. Solid are tightly packed and has a regular pattern.

Matter is anything that has weight and occupies space.

All matter are made up of gas, liquid or solid. Gases are well separated without a regular arrangement. Liquid on the other hand are close together with no regular arrangement but takes the shape of the container. Solid are tightly packed and has a regular pattern.

In conclusion, all matter has mass and occupies space. All physical objects are made of matter.

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Density is a measure of how heavy something is compared to its size. If an object is more dense than water it will sink when placed in water, and if it is less dense than water it will float. Density is a characteristic property of a substance and doesn't depend on the amount of substance.

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The production of uric acid is advantageous to birds because uric acid is safe to store, has little toxicity, and uses little water to excrete when an embryo grows in an egg.

Uric acid is a safe, nontoxic compound that is produced by birds. It is advantageous to birds because it can be stored safely, uses little water to excrete, and is little toxic to embryos. Uric acid is produced as a waste product of purine metabolism and is typically excreted in the urine. However, in birds, uric acid is secreted in the feces. Uric acid has a number of benefits for birds. First, it is safe to store. Second, it uses little water to excrete. Third, it is little toxic to embryos. Uric acid is produced by the liver and is excreted by the kidneys. It is a waste product of purine metabolism and is typically excreted in the urine. However, in birds, uric acid is secreted in the feces. Uric acid has a number of benefits for birds. First, it is safe to store. Second, it uses little water to excrete. Third, it is little toxic to embryos.

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Knowledge of chemistry help you be a more informed citizen in many ways because it is the foundation of our world.

So,Society as we know it, has been greatly influenced by chemistry, from the creation of stronger materials for large-scale construction to the kind of cosmetics you use on a daily basis.

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8.22 g ca (no3) Enough water is used to dissolve 2 to create a 0.250 l solution.

The solution's molarity is 0.050/0.250 M, or 0.2 M.

How is Molar concentration is defined?

The term "molar concentration" is used to define the concentration of a chemical species, specifically a solute, in a solution. It denotes the quantity of a substance per unit volume of solution. Other synonyms for this phrase include quantity, substance concentration, and molarity.

M = n/V

where,  n = no of moles of solute

V = volume of solution

and, M = molarity of the solution.

Molecular weight of Ca(NO3)2 = 164g = 1 mole pf calcium nitrate

Thus, 8.22 g  Ca(NO3)2 = 8.22/164 moles. = 0.050 mole

Volume(given) = 0.250l

Therefore, Molarity of the given solution = 0.050/0.250 M = 0.2 M

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When a hydrocarbon undergoes combustion it produces carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), heat, and light.

The carbon compounds which contain only carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons.

Examples of hydrocarbons are compounds like CH4, C2H6, C2H4, C2H2, etc.

Based on the presence of double bonds/triple bonds, the hydrocarbons are of three types- alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, as shown in the image.

Alkanes are those hydrocarbons that do not contain any double bond.

Alkenes are those compounds that contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms while alkynes contain a triple bond.

All the hydrocarbons mentioned above give the same reaction on their combustion that is

Hydrocarbon + O2 = CO2 + H2O + HEAT + LIGHT

For example,

CH4 + O2 = CO2 + H2O + Heat + Light

Hence, when a hydrocarbon undergoes combustion it produces carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), heat, and light.

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Answer:

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When a person is holding a basketball, there is potential energy, and when the ball is dropped/bounced then there is potential energy. The basketball has the highest amount of kinetic energy when it is falling and bounces on the floor.

The first physical test that we will do is flame test, Test the rate at which the substance catches fire.

So in flame test the white powder sample is introduced to a non-luminous, hot flame and observing the colour of the flame and observing the colour of the flame. The main concept behind the flame test is the sample atoms evaporate and since they are hot, they emit light when being in flame.

Here we are looking into the chemical change which is happening to the substance. Burning is a chemical change as new substance is formed with new properties and it cannot be reserved.

So the first physical test a forensic scientist might do is  Test the rate at which the substance catches fire.

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14.1 mL H₂SO₄ is needed to neutralize solution of NaOH.

Balanced chemical equation for neutralization reaction of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide:

H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

c(H₂SO₄) = 0.3 M = 0.3 mol/L; concentration of sulfuric acid

V(NaOH) = 34.0 mL = 0.034 L; volume of sodium hydroxide

c(NaOH) = 0.25 M = 0.25 mol/L; concentration of sodium hydroxide

n(NaOH) = c(NaOH) × V(NaOH)

n(NaOH) = 0.25 mol/L × 0.034 L.

n(NaOH) = 0.0085 mol; amount of sodium hydroxide

From chemical reaction: n(H₂SO₄) : n(NaOH) = 1 : 2.

n(H₂SO₄) = 0.0085 mol ÷ 2

n(H₂SO₄) = 0.00425 mol; amount of sulfuric acid

V(H₂SO₄) = n(H₂SO₄) ÷ c(H₂SO₄).

V(H₂SO₄) = 0.00425 mol ÷ 0.3 mol/L.

V(H₂SO₄) = 0.0141 L = 14.1 mL; volume of sulfuric acid

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Answer:

The position at which force is equal to 0 is +1 and -1.

The potential energy of the function is U.

U = 3x + 1 x²

Force is F.

F = 0

[tex]F = \frac{ - dU}{dx}[/tex]

[tex]F= \frac{ - d(3x + 1x ^{2} }{dx} [/tex]

= ( -3 - 3 x²)

= -3 ( 1+ x²)

As the force is zero.

The position at which force is equal to 0 is,

0 = -3 ( 1 + x ²)

[tex]x = \sqrt{ 1} [/tex]

x = 1

Therefore, the position at which force is equal to 0 is +1 and -1.

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A lot of the fundamental ideas of thermodynamics were established with the help of the kinetic theory of gases, a straightforward yet historically significant classical model of the thermodynamic behavior of gases.

According to kinetic molecular theory At a temperature of a confined Gas rises which of the following characteristics of the gas molecules increase

The macroscopic characteristics of gases, such as volume, pressure, and temperature, as well as their transport characteristics, such as viscosity, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusivity, are all explained by the kinetic theory of gases. The model also takes into consideration associated phenomena like Brownian motion.

According to the kinetic molecular theory, collisions between gas particles happen in a way that is completely elastic. Consequently, as the temperature rises, the speed at which the gas molecules move also does so. First, the gas molecules' conviction energy rises more quickly. The faster the molecules move, the more frequently they will crash with the container's walls, raising the gas pressure.

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Answer:

A. dust

Explanation:

The solution of potassium hydroxide with a volume of 252 ml and a concentration of 0.960 m  has: 0.24192 mol

To solve this problem, the formula and the procedure that we have to use is:

m = n(solute)/v(solution) L

Where:

Information about the problem:

By converting the volume units from (ml) to (L) we have;

v(solution) = 252  mL * 1L/1000 mL

v(solution) = 0.252 L

Applying the molarity formula, and clearing the moles we get:

m = n(solute)/v(solution) L

n(solute) = m * v(solution) L

n(koh) = 0.960 mol/L * 0.252 L

n(koh) = 0.24192 mol

In chemistry a solution is known as a homogeneous mixture of two or more components called:

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Here the reaction is of single displacement reaction.

Here, as the affinity of Aluminum is more than hydrogen to form stable compound with the corresponding negative ion of acid. This can be seen through the reactivity series of metal.

Here redox reaction takes place in two parts: Reduction reaction at cathodic site (gain or electron or reduction in oxidation state) and oxidation reaction at anodic site (lose of electron or increase in oxidation state).

Anodic reaction:

                         Al​​​​​​ = Al​​​​​₃⁺ + 3e⁻

Cathodic reaction:

                          2H⁺ + 2e⁻ = H​​​​​​​​​​​₂

A displacement reaction happens while a more reactive detail displaces, or pushes out, a much less reactive element from a compound that carries the less reactive element. After a displacement reaction, the much less reactive element is now pure and left uncombined.

A single-displacement reaction, also known as single replacement reaction or exchange reaction, is a chemical reaction wherein one element is replaced by means of every other in a compound.

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Of the two ether molecules given, ethyl methyl ether is the smaller molecule and thus more soluble in water. Diethyl ether has a larger molecule compared to ethyl methyl ether. CH₃CH₂OCH₃  is more soluble in water

Methyl ether is slightly more polar than diethyl ether. Methyl ether is much more volatile

Chemical compounds are classified based on the groups that exist within the compound known as functional groups. Ether is one of the functional groups of the form ROR', where the two alkyl groups can be the same or the two alkyl groups can be different.

He is given two structures, CH3CH2OCH2CH3 and CH3CH2OCH3. One is diethyl ether and the other is ethyl methyl ether. The two structures contain oxygen atoms, thus participating in hydrogen bonding.

Therefore, the solubility of a compound depends on its molecular size. The smaller the molecular size, the greater the solubility of the compound in water.

Of the two ether molecules given, ethyl methyl ether is the smaller molecule and thus more soluble in water. Diethyl ether has a larger molecule compared to ethyl methyl ether.

CH3CH2OCH3 is more soluble in water than CH3CH2OCH2CH3.

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The phosphorylation of glucose occurs first in the glycolysis process. ADP + Glucose-6-phosphate + Glucose (6C) is the product of the same process.

Describe glycolysis.

The metabolic process known as glycolysis turns the molecule glucose (C6H12O6) into pyruvate (CH3COCO2H).

The high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide are produced using the free energy produced during this process (NADH).Glycolysis is a set of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Carbohydrates' binding energy is preserved. ATP retention

Glycolysis is one metabolic pathway that doesn't require oxygen (In anaerobic conditions pyruvate is converted to lactic acid). Numerous species commonly undergo glycolysis, indicating that it is an ancient metabolic pathway.

Thus, the reaction involved in the first reaction of glycolysis is

Glucose (6Carbons) + ATP → Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP.

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Amine nitrogen atom containing an electron pair and bonded to three different groups is technically a stereogenic center, the chirality of the amine nitrogen is often ignored due to its four bonds are needed to define stereoganic center.

A stereogenic center is any atom that gives different isomers when atoms or groups attached to it are exchanged. These isomers are called stereoisomers because the structures of the molecules are the same but their spatial arrangements are different from each other.

Chirality only exists with the tetrahedral carbon atoms Because there Is usually rapid inter conversion between the two isomeric forms at room temperature. Because there usually slow Inter conversion between the two Isomeric forms at room temperature.

Atom bearing groups such that interchanging of any two groups leads to a stereoisomer, plane of symmetry so that there are no stereoisomers tetrahedral atom enantiomer, non-superimposable mirror image tetrahedral atom bonded to four different substituents.

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Complete combustion of 8.00 g of a hydrocarbon produced 25.7 g of CO₂. The empirical formula for the hydrocarbon is C₄H₇.

The empirical formula of the molecule is the simplest whole number of atoms of a compound.

Moles of C in the compound:  27.8 g CO2 x 1 mol CO2/44 g x 1 mol C/mole CO2 = 0.632 moles of C

Moles of H in the compound:  9.96 g H2O x 1 mol H2O/18 g x 2 mol H/mol H2O = 1.11 moles of H

mass C = 0.632 mol C x 12 g/mol = 7.58 g C

mass H = 1.11 mol H x 1 g/mol = 1.11 g H

Sum = 8.69 g total mass (close enough to 8.70 so our assumption of no oxygen is correct)

To find the lowest whole number of moles, we can divide both by the lowest value (0.632) to obtain.

moles C = 0.632/0.632 = 1.0

moles H = 1.11/0.632 = 1.75

Now to get a whole number for H we can multiply both by 4 to obtain

moles C = 4

moles H = 7

Thus, the Empirical formula is C₄H₇.

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The empirical formula of a compound is C₂H₅O.

Take 100 grams of compound:

1) ω(C) = 53.31% ÷ 100% = 0.5331

m(C) = ω(C) × m(compound).

m(C) = 0.5331 × 100 g.

m(C) = 53.31 g.

n(C) = m(C) ÷ M(C).

n(C) = 53.31 g ÷ 12 g/mol.

n(C) = 4.44 mol; amount of carbon

2) ω(H) = 11.18 % ÷ 100% = 0.1118

m(H) = 0.1118 × 100 g.

m(H) = 11.18 g.

n(H) = 11.18 g ÷ 1 g/mol.

n(H) = 11.18 mol; amount of hydrogen

3) ω(O) = 35.51 % ÷ 100%.

ω(O) = 0.3551

m(O) = 0.3551 × 100 g

m(O) = 35.51 g.

n(O) = 35.51 g ÷ 16 g/mol.

n(O) = 2.22 mol.

4) n(C) : n(H) : n(O) = 4.44 mol : 11.18 mol : 2.22 mol /2.22 mol.

n(C) : n(H) : n(O) = 2 : 5.03 : 1

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The carbon dioxide concentration in the pre-industrial atmosphere was around 280 ppm but has increased to around 400 ppm today.

Burning fossil fuels for electricity production and transportation, making cement, destroying forests, farming, and many other activities all contribute to CO2 pollution. The planet's atmosphere warms steadily as a result of the presence of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, which trap heat that would otherwise radiate from the surface and escape into space. This warming of the atmosphere triggers a variety of weather changes, such as periods of extreme heat, drought, and wildfire activity, as well as heavier precipitation, flooding, and tropical cyclone activity.

The effects of greenhouse gas pollution on the world's oceans include increasing sea surface temperatures, rising sea levels and increased carbon absorption, making seawater more acidic, deoxygenating the oceans and making it harder for some marine organisms to survive.

Hence,the CO2 concentration has increased in todays atmosphere.

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32 hydrogen atoms are present in a saturated open chain hydrocarbon has 15 carbon atoms.

Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between carbon atoms.

The carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogen as many hydrogen atoms as possible.

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons.

General formula for alkanes is CₓH₂ₓ₊₂.

x is the number of carbon atoms in hydrocarbon.

x = 15; the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon

The number of hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon = 2 × 15 + 2

The number of hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon = 32

Hydrocarbons can form open chains, branched chains and rings.

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The adiabatic flame temperature is possible chemical heat is released and all of the heat is applied to raising the temperature of the mixture

The adiabatic flame temperature is used to raised the temperature of all mixture.

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