In a molecule of water, oxygen atoms have a higher value of electronegativity than the hydrogen atoms present in the said H2O molecule.
Electronegativity is a chemical property of elements or molecules that describes the tendency of an atom or a functional group ( molecule, for example) to attract electrons toward itself. The electronegativity value of an atom is affected by both its atomic number (denoted by Z) and the distance that its valence shell electrons reside from the charged nuclei. Electronegativity serves as a way to quantitatively estimate the bond energy of a bond, and the sign and magnitude of a bond's chemical polarity, that characterizes a bond along the continuous scale from covalent to ionic bonding.
In a water molecule, oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen as oxygen is a smaller molecule with a higher number of protons. Oxygen pulls bonded electrons towards itself and thus in return gets a slightly negative charge while both hydrogen atoms get a slightly positive charge.
The electronegativity value of oxygen is 3.5 while that of hydrogen is 2.1.
Thus, the answer to the question is Oxygen.
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Which of the following statements is not an intensive
property?
A chemical reaction requires 10.00 g of carbon.
The density of water at 25°C is 1.00 g/mL..
Solid copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate is blue colored.
The boiling point of water is 373.15 K.
The intensive properties is ;
The density of water at 25°C is 1.00 g/mL..
What is an intensive property?Intensive properties are properties of a substance that do not depend on the amount of the substance present, but only on its temperature, pressure, and other conditions.
We have to note that the density does not depend on the amount of the substance that is present then it follows that the density that we have is an intensive property. It does not depend on the amount of the substances that we have here.
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The denity of copper (Cu) i 8. 96 g/cm3 at 25°C. What i the ma of a piece of copper that occupie 26. 7 cm3 at thi temperature?
The mass of the piece of copper is 239.9 g
The density of a substance is a measure of its mass per unit volume. In the case of copper, its density is 8.96 g/cm3 at 25°C. This means that 1 cm3 of copper weighs 8.96 grams at 25°C.
To determine the mass of a piece of copper that occupies a certain volume, we can use the formula: mass = density x volume
In this case, the volume of the piece of copper is 26.7 cm3 and the density is 8.96 g/cm3. So we can plug these values into the formula:
mass = 8.96 g/cm3 x 26.7 cm3
By multiplying the density by the volume, we find that the mass of the piece of copper is 239.9 grams.
The final answer is 239.9 g.
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Support or refute the following claim using at least two
pieces of evidence from the text:
Claim: Planets are made of the same elements as their
stars. Write a short answer.
Answer: The claim that planets are made of the same elements as their stars is not supported by evidence.
First, stars and planets are formed through different processes. Stars form through the collapse of clouds of gas and dust, while planets form from the accretion of material in a protoplanetary disk around a star.
Second, the composition of planets can be different from that of their star. For example, the composition of the Earth is primarily made of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, and potassium. While these elements are also present in the Sun, they make up only a small fraction of its composition, which is primarily made of hydrogen and helium.
In summary, the claim that planets are made of the same elements as their stars is not supported by evidence and that the formation and composition of planets and stars are different.
Explanation:
rank a series of molecules by expected solubility in water based on polarity and hydrogen bonding. some slightly soluble compounds are included in this exercise. rank the organic compounds from most soluble to least soluble. to rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
The solubility in water based on polarity and hydrogen bonding is that polar compounds dissolves in the water due to the hydrogen bonding.
The polar compounds easily soluble in the water as they makes hydrogen bond with the water. Let us take an example : The order of solubility in some compounds is given as :
CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH > CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OH > CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₂ > CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃
Carboxylic acid is more soluble in the water as it males more hydrogen bond with water as compared to the alcohol. The last one is not able to make the hydrogen bond with the water . The two types of hydrogen bonding are : intermolecular hydrogen bonding and intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
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Find the molecular formula for a compound made up of 85.6 % carbon and 14.4%
hydrogen by mass that has a molar mass of 70.15 g/mol.
85.7 g of such carbon dioxide and 14.3 g of hydrogen are found in 100 g of the molecule. C and H have atomic weights of 12g and 1g, respectively. As a result, the compound's chemical formula is C3H6. It is an alkene with a double bond by the name of propene.
What does molecular formula mean?The chemical formula is an equation that specifies how many atoms of the each element there are in a single compound's molecule. It displays the precise amount of atoms present in a molecule. Propane, for instance, has the chemical formula C4H10. The given compound has a formula of 4 carbon elements and 10 h atoms.
A molecular formula Why is it?In a molecular formula, each sort of atom's number and composition are specified. A molecule contains atoms. No prefix is used if there is just one element of a certain kind. A subscript is added to the symbol for an atom if it contains four or more of the certain type of atom.
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The synthesis of complex molecules _______ energy, whereas their degradation _______ energy. the synthesis of complex molecules occurs with _______ in entropy.
The synthesis of complex molecules is endergonic energy, whereas their degradation is exergonic energy. The synthesis of complex molecules occurs with a decrease in entropy.
The production of complex molecules requires the input of energy, which is known as endergonic energy.
This energy fuels the process of creating the molecules and can be supplied by a variety of sources, such as chemical reactions or solar energy.
On the other hand, the degradation of complex molecules produces energy, known as exergonic energy. During the synthesis of complex molecules, entropy decreases as the molecules become more ordered and structured.
The creation of complex molecules requires energy, known as endergonic energy.
The energy to break down complex molecules, on the other hand, is released in the form of exergonic energy.
This is because the synthesis of complex molecules leads to a decrease in entropy.
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Blood alcohol content (bac) is sometimes reported in weight-volume percent and, when it is, a bac of 0. 10% corresponds to 0. 10 g of ethyl alcohol per 100 ml of blood. In many jurisdictions, a person is considered legally intoxicated if his or her bac is 0. 10%. Suppose that a 68 kg person has a total blood volume of 5. 4 l and breaks down ethyl alcohol at a rate of 10. 0 grams per hour. How many 145 ml glasses of wine, consumed over three hours, will produce a bac of 0. 10% in this 68 kg person? assume the wine has a density of 1. 01 g/ml and 11. 5% ethyl alcohol by mass.
2 , 145 ml glasses of wine, consumed over three hours, will produce a bac of 0. 10% in this 68 kg person.
What Is Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)?
The quantity of alcohol in a person's bloodstream is known as blood alcohol content, or BAC, and it can be determined 30 to 70 minutes after ingestion. Contrary to common opinion, coffee, cold showers, and downing glasses of water won't help you sober up any faster. The only thing that can lower BAC is time.
Given, 68kg person
5,4L blood i.e. 5400ml
Breaks down ethyl alcohol at a rate of 10. 0 grams per hour
To produce a bac of 0. 10% in this 68 kg person over three hours,
(0.10g/100ml)*5400ml + (10g/h *3h) i.e. 30.54g of ethyl alcohol
For a 11,5% of wine ,
Where density of ethyl alcohol is 1.01g/mL:
30.54*(1/1.01)*(100/11.5) i.e. 262.909mL wine
Therefore, he need to consume:
262.909/145 i.e. 1.8 ≈ 2 glasses of wine
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what is the percent yield if 18 grams of water are produced when 4 grams of hydrogen with excess oxygen?
The 4% is the percent yield if 18 grams of water are produced when 4 grams of hydrogen with excess oxygen.
What is hydrogen ?
Protium, a proton and a neutron, is the common isotope of hydrogen (H), while Deuterium and tritium are the other two isotopes (a protron and two neutrons). Only hydrogen has had its isotopes given distinct names among all the elements. For fuel in nuclear fusion reactors, both deuterium and tritium are employed.
What is oxygen ?
It is ingested by animals, who then convert it to carbon dioxide, which is then used by plants to create new carbon and release oxygen back into the atmosphere.
2H2++O2------------->2H2O.
So 32g of Oxygen reacts with 4 g of Hydrogen.
Therefore 16 g of oxygen reacts with 2 g of Hydrogen and will form 18 g of water.
The remaining 2 g of Hydrogen will be left unreacted. So 18 g of water will be formed and 2 g of Hydrogen will be left unreacted.
Therefore, 4% is the percent yield if 18 grams of water are produced when 4 grams of hydrogen with excess oxygen.
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A sample of chemical x is found to contain 5. 0 grams of oxygen, 10. 0 grams of carbon, and 20. 0 grams of nitrogen. The law of definite proportion would predict that a 70 gram sample of chemical x should contain how many grams of carbon?.
17 grams of carbon should be present in a 61-gram sample of chemical x.
The law of definite proportions, also known as Proust's law or the law of constant composition, is a principle in chemistry that asserts a chemical compound will always contain its constituent components in a fixed ratio (by mass), regardless of its source or method of creation.
According to the law of definite proportion, regardless of quantity or source, the proportions of each element to its weight in a chemical combination will always be exactly the same value.
In the ensuing query:
The chemical X sample includes:
Oxygen content: 5.0 grams
One kilogram of carbon
• Nitrogen content: 20.0 grams
The compound's total mass is (10.0 + 5.0 + 20.0) g, which equals 35.0 g.
10/35 = 2/7 is the proportion of carbon in the compound.
As a result, the amount of carbon in 61 grammes of the sample is equal to 2/7 x 61, or 17.42 grams.
Therefore, we can infer that 17 grams of carbon should be present in a 61-gram sample of chemical x.
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After decaying for 48 hours, of the original mass of a radioisotope sample remains unchanged. What is the half-life of this radioisotope?.
After decaying for 48 hours, of the original mass of a radioisotope sample remains unchanged. The half-life of this radioisotope is zero.
Describe a half-life.
The half-life is basically the amount of time it takes for one-half of a radioactive isotope to decay. The half-life of a single radioactive isotope is unaffected by environmental factors and is independent of the isotope's initial concentration.
Half-life is a unit of measurement for the exponential decay equation that remains constant over the lifespan of an exponentially decaying quantity. The half-life of a quantity is the time required for it to decrease to half of its initial value. The phrase is frequently used in nuclear physics to indicate how quickly unstable atoms decay radioactively or how long stable atoms last.
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How many molecules are in 1. 8 g of H2O?.
There are approximately 6.022 x 10^22 (6.022 x 10²²) molecules in 1.8 grams of H2O.
To determine the number of molecules in 1.8 g of H2O, we first need to know the molar mass of H2O. The molar mass of H2O is 18.015 g/mol. To convert the mass of H2O to moles, we divide it by the molar mass:
1.8 g H2O / 18.015 g/mol = 0.1 mol H2O
Next, we use Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23) to convert moles to number of molecules:
0.1 mol H2O x 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol = 6.022 x 10^22 molecules
So, there are approximately 6.022 x 10^22 (6.022 x 10²²) molecules in 1.8 grams of H2O.
It is worth noting that, 1 mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number of entities of that substance. And Avogadro's number is a fundamental constant of nature which is used to express the number of atoms, ions, or other elementary entities in a given sample of a substance.
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how do calculated frequencies compared to the frequency settings
Answer:
Calculated frequencies refer to the frequencies that are determined or calculated through various methods, such as measuring or analyzing signals or data. Frequency settings, on the other hand, refer to the specific frequencies that are programmed or set on a device or system. The relationship between calculated frequencies and frequency settings depends on the context in which they are being used. In some cases, calculated frequencies may be used to adjust or optimize frequency settings, while in other cases, frequency settings may be used to generate or analyze calculated frequencies.
Which substance below has the strongest intermolecular forces?
Propane, CH3CH2CH3, MW = 44 g/mol
O Methanethiol, CH3SH, MW = 48 g/mol
Ethanamine, CH3CH2NH2, MW = 45 g/mol
Methyl phosphine, CH3PH3, MW = 48 g/mol
Methyl phosphine (CH3PH3) has the strongest intermolecular forces among the given compounds.
The strength of intermolecular forces is determined by the type of bond present in a substance. Methyl phosphine has dipole-dipole interactions, which are stronger than the London dispersion forces present in the other compounds. This is the main reason for this compound having the strongest intermolecular forces.
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If chemicals are transferred to secondary containers the secondary containers must be labeled with.
The secondary container must be marked with the name of the chemical and any hazards it may provide when a substance containing a hazardous chemical is moved from the primary container to the secondary container.
Define a secondary label.
The product's components, nutritional values, health and safety warnings, use instructions, manufacturer or supplier data, contact information, or comprehensive tracking and product information in a barcode format are all included on a secondary label.
The identity of the hazardous chemical contained in the product and the dangers, whether physical, health-related, or environmental, that the components present must both be disclosed on the secondary labels.
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The statement below is false. How
must it change to correct it?
"The gas particles have a large volume
and weak attraction for one another.
A. The gas particles have strong
attraction for one another.
B. The gas particles have almost no
volume.
C. The gas particles have small volume
and strong attraction for one another.
Answer:
A. The gas particles have strong attraction for one another.
Explanation:
The gas particles have a large volume and weak attraction for one another. To correct this statement and make it true, it should be: "The gas particles have a small volume and weak attraction for one another." Gases have large volume, and low density and the particles in a gas are far apart from one another and have very weak attractive forces between them.
Answer: B. The gas particles have almost no
volume.
Explanation:
oxides of active metals, such as cao, react with water to form____
The oxides of active metals react with water to form metal hydroxides.
An active metal reacting with water produces a base. The first group of elements in the reactivity series is the most reactive metals. When they react with water, the plus charge on the metal is canceled by the negative charge of the hydroxide ion. Hence, there is a formation of the basic oxide.
Compounds such as calcium oxide (CaO) reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide. It is commonly known as slaked lime which is the end product of this process.
This is a type of combination reaction. Combination reactions are the types of reactions in which two reactants combine to form a new product and also release heat energy during the reaction.
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How do you find the number of molecules?.
To find the number of molecules, first determine the molecular weight of the substance for one mole, then divide the molar mass value by the molecular mass, and multiply by the Avogadro constant.
The total atomic masses of an element's constituent elements make up its molecular mass. This value is also expressed in terms of atomic mass units.
to count the molecules that make up a substance.
By multiplying the number of moles by the Avogadro constant, one can get the total number of atoms or molecules in a sample. The following formula is used:
According to his law, which states that "equivalent volumes of different gases measured under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules," one mole of material has 6.022x10²³ atoms.
Once the substance's molecular weight for one mole has been determined, divide the molar mass value by the molecular mass to arrive at the necessary number of molecules the multiply it by the Avogadro constant.
To determine the quantity of sulphur (S₈) molecules present in a solid sulphur of present in 16 g of solid sulphur of 16 g.
1 mole of solid sulphur (S₈)=8×32 g=256
256 g of solid sulphur contains 6.022×10²³molecules.
Then, 16 g of solid sulphur contains =6.022×10²³ x16/256 molecules =3.76375×10²² molecules.
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Assume that 41. 1g of hydrogen peroxide decompose to produce oxygen gas at STP to the following balanced equation:
2H2O2 (l) ---------> 2H2O(l) + O2 (g)
How many Liters of oxygen gas are produced?
At STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters. In order to calculate the amount of oxygen gas produced in the reaction, we must first calculate the number of moles of hydrogen peroxide present in the reaction.
Since 1 mole of hydrogen peroxide has a mass of 34.02 g, we can calculate the number of moles as follows:
41.1/34.02 = 1.20 molesSince the reaction produces 1 mole of oxygen for every 2 moles of hydrogen peroxide, the total number of moles of oxygen produced is 1.20/2 = 0.60 moles.
To calculate the volume of the oxygen gas produced, we multiply the number of moles of oxygen by 22.4 liters, which gives us 0.60 * 22.4 = 13.44 liters of oxygen gas produced.
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What share of modern renewable energy supplies does hydroelectric power account for?.
The shares of modern renewable energy supplies in the Hydroelectric power is 22%.
The Hydropower technologies generate power by using the elevation difference created by a dam or diversion structure of water flowing. The Hydropower is the affordable source of electricity that costs less than others. Hydropower relies only on the energy from moving water. As compared to other electricity sources, hydropower has relatively low costs throughout in terms of maintenance, operations, and fuel. Hydropower's have longer lifespan with low costs. It is a reliable form of backup power during major electricity outages or disruptions. Hydroelectric power produces a number of benefits outside of electricity generation such as flood control, irrigation support, and water supply.
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Are magnesium and calcium more reactive with oxygen in the air than aluminum?
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
In the activity or reactivity series of metals it turns out that calcium and magnesium are above aluminium
The corrosion of aluminum is cook wares is prevented as the aluminum metal reacts with the oxygen in the air, producing a protective coat of aluminum oxide. How many moles of oxygen gas will react with aluminum?.
3.25 moles of aluminium oxide is produced from 3 x 3.25 moles of oxygen which is 9.75 moles of oxygen.
The balanced equation for the reaction is :
2 Al + 3 O₂ = Al₂O₃
1 mole of aluminum oxide is created from 3 moles of oxygen gas.
3 x 3.25 moles of oxygen, or 9.75 moles of oxygen, are used to create 3.25 moles of aluminum oxide.
mass equals molecular mass
= 32g of oxygen times 9.75
equals 312 g of oxygen.
The formula Mass= mole x molar mass will yield grams of aluminum oxide.
9.75 x 32g of oxygen
= 312 g of oxygen.
Aluminum oxide weighs 331.5 g.
Yield percentage when the actual yield is 228.4g
yield is calculated as 228.4 x 100 / 331.5.
= 68.89 %
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Complete Question -
The corrosion of aluminum in cookware is prevented as the aluminum metal reacts with oxygen gas in the air producing a protective coat of aluminum oxide. Aluminum) Al+3
(Oxygen) O-2
Al + O2 ------> Product(?
a) Write the balanced equation for the reaction.
b) How many grams of oxygen gas is used in the reaction if 3.25 moles of aluminum oxide is produced?
c) How many grams of aluminum oxide will be produced by the reaction
d) If the reaction gave an actual yield of 228.4 g, what is the percent yield for the reaction?
How do I balance this?
C12H22O11 (s) + 12O2 (g) ⇒ 12CO2 (g) + 11H2O (g)
Reviewing Vocabulary
Answer:
Plasma - state of matter consisting of freely moving icons and electrons
Differentiate - to distinguish between two or more objects
Ion - atom or molecule with a net electric charge
Primary - most important; fundamental
Calculate the volume in mL of a 1.420 M NaOH solution required to titrate the following solutions:
(a) 25.00 mL of a 2.430 M HCI solution
(b) 25.00 mL of a 4.500 M H2SO4 solution
(c) 25.00 mL of a 1.500 M H3PO4 solution
=158.4ml
Explanation:
Solution:
Chemical\; reaction:Chemicalreaction:
H_2SO_4(aq)\;+\;2NaOH(aq)\implies Na_2SO_4(aq)\;+\;H_2O(l)H
2
SO
4
(aq)+2NaOH(aq)⟹Na
2
SO
4
(aq)+H
2
O(l)
1) By using the acid-base equation:
M_1V_1=M_2V_2M
1
V
1
=M
2
V
2
4.5M*25ml=1.42M*V_24.5M∗25ml=1.42M∗V
2
V_2=\frac{(4.5M*25ml)}{1.42M}V
2
=
1.42M
(4.5M∗25ml)
Remember 1 mole H2SO4 is equivalent to 2 moles NaOH, that is Normality of H2SO4 = (Molarity x 2)
79.2*2ml=158ml\;of\;1.42M\;NaOH\;will\;be\;required.79.2∗2ml=158mlof1.42MNaOHwillberequired.
Answer:
V_2=158.4mlV
2
=158.4ml
the three different gas-law processes described in this video are___
The three different gas-law processes described in this video are constant volume, constant pressure, and constant temperature.
Constant volume, constant pressure, and constant temperature, these are also known as isochoric, isobaric, and isothermal processes respectively. In an isochoric process, the volume is held constant, meaning that the pressure and temperature of the gas will change. In an isobaric process, the pressure is held constant, meaning that the volume and temperature of the gas will change. In an isothermal process, the temperature is held constant, meaning that the volume and pressure of the gas will change. Each of these processes is related to a specific gas law and can be used to understand and predict the behavior of gases under different conditions.
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Balance the equation
____Sb + ____O2 ---> ____Sb4O6
Answer:
2Sb2O3 + 3O2 -> 2Sb4O6
The coefficients indicate the number of moles of each element that participate in the reaction. The coefficients are chosen so that the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation is equal.
Chemistry: Balancing Chemical Equations
The balanced chemical equation is the equation where the atoms in the reactant side is equals to the atoms in the product side.
The steps to balance the chemical equation is given as :
1) Count each the type of atom in the reactants and products. The number of each atom on both sides are equal or not and If not, then the equation is not balanced.
2) Place coefficients, in front of the symbols or the formulas to increase the number of atoms or the molecules of the substances. write the smallest coefficients possible. do not the subscripts in chemical formulas.
3) Repeat steps until you get the balanced equation.
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which product besides radiation do radioactive atoms give off when they decay?
When a radioactive atom decays, it emits energy in the form of radiation as well as charged matter particles. These particles may be alpha or beta in nature.
The nuclei of the atoms are unstable during radioactive decay, but when they emit radiation, they become more stable. It is a nuclear reaction rather than a chemical reaction because it only involves the nuclei of atoms. One element may change into another during a nuclear reaction.
There are three types of radioactive decay: alpha, beta, and gamma decay. Both alpha and beta decay alter the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, causing the atom to change elements.
The nucleus loses two protons during alpha decay. The nucleus either loses or gains a proton during beta decay. Because there is no change in proton number in gamma decay, the atom does not become a different element.
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Which of the following involves reduction:
A.Conversion of anion to atom
B.Conversion of cation to atom
C.Both of these
D.None of these
Answer:
B.Conversion of cation to atom
Explanation:
Reduction involves the gaining of electrons. Since a cation is positively charged and has lost electrons, for it to become an atom and be neutral it would have to gain electrons that were previously lost before, hence the answer is B.
It cannot be A because an anion is negatively charged and has gained electrons. For the conversion of the anion to become an atom it would have to lose electrons to become neutral as before it has gained electrons, so oxidation (which is the loss of electrons) would occur.
150g of 80% pure ZnCO3 is completely reacted with excess HCI to produce ZnCl2, CO₂, and H₂O.
i. Which one is limiting reactant?
ii. Calculate the mass of ZnCl₂ formed?
iii. How many molecules of water are produced?
iv. What volume of CO2 are produced if the reaction is carried out at 27°C and 760 mm of Hg pressure?
The balanced chemical equation of the given statement is-
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
How to calculate balanced chemical equation?Zn has a molar mass of 65.38 g mol 1.
HCl has a molar mass of 36.458 g mol-1.
Calculate the moles of each reactant:
(1 mol Zn/ 65.38 g Zn) (150 g Zn) = 2.2943 mol Zn
(1 mol HCl/ 36.458 g HCl) (73 g HCl) = 2.0023 mol HCl
Because there is an excess of zinc (Zn), hydrochloric acid (HCl) must be the cause.
restricting agent.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is the limiting agent.
The mass in molars of
136.3 g mol-1 is ZnCl2.
Cu has a molar mass of 68g mol-1.
Magnesium (Mg) being a limiting reagent results in:
(10.00 g Mg) divided by (1 mol Mg / 24.305 g Mg), (1 mol Cu / 1 mol Mg), and (68 g Cu / 1 mol Cu) yields 28.15 g.
28.15 grams of formed ZnCl2.
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