Combination of ionic charge and ionic radius give the largest lattice enthalpy for an ionic compound are:
Ionic charge = high, Ionic Radius = small
Understanding Ionic bondsUnderstanding Ionic bonds Ionic bonds occur due to the handover of electrons to form positive ions and negative ions whose electron configuration is the same as that of the noble gases. Positive ions and negative ions are bound by an electrostatic force. The resulting compounds are called ionic compounds. One example that we often encounter everyday is table salt.
Well, the chemical formula for table salt is NaCl (Sodium chloride). In solid NaCl there is a bond between Na⁺ ions and Cl⁻ ions by electrostatic forces, so it is called an ionic bond. The crystal form of NaCl is a series of Na⁺ ions and Cl⁻ ions. One Na⁺ ion is surrounded by six Cl⁻ ions and one Cl⁻ ion is surrounded by six Na⁺ ions .
Formation of Ionic bondEach element must try to have an electron configuration like that of a noble gas, either by releasing electrons or accepting electrons, so that it is stable. This electron handover event occurs in the NaCl compound/ table salt.
Na belongs to group IA where IA has 1 valence electron, so that to be stable IA must release 1 electron. If you look at the electron configuration, 11Na: 2, 8, 1. So when removing 1 electron, the last electron becomes 8 (according to the octet rule). Due to removing 1 electron, the originally neutral Na becomes charged +1 (Na⁺).
The reaction:
Na → Na⁺ + e⁻ (meaning Na loses 1 electron, see the electron is to the left of the arrow)
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A 0. 2500 g sample of a compound known to contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen undergoes complete combustion to produce 0. 3664 g of co2 and 0. 1500 g of h2o. What is the empirical formula of this compound?.
The empirical formula of this compound CH₂O and the compound is Methanal
What is empirical formula?The molecular formula of a compound is the simplest integer ratio of the atoms present in the compound.
For the mass of C and H, using molar masses:
12.0 x (0.3664/44.0) = 0.096g C
2.02 x (0.15/18) = 0.016g H
As the sample is completely converted into CO₂ and H₂O.
So, 0.25g sample - 0.096g C - 0.016g H = mass of oxygen
Mass of oxygen = 0.138g
Using molar masses:
0.096g / 12.0 g/mol = 0.008 moles C
0.016g / 1.01 g/mol = 0.015 moles H
0.138g / 16.0 g/mol = 0.008 moles O
0.008 is lesser, so use it to normalize to find the ratio.
The ratios are:
0.008 moles C / 0.008 = 1 moles C
0.015 moles H / 0.008 = 1.8 moles H
0.008 moles O / 0.008 = 1 mole O
Moles of H = 1.8 ≈ 2
This makes the empirical formula as: CH₂O (Methanal)
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the mineral stibnite, antimony(iii) sulfide, is treated with hydrochloric acid to give antimony(iii) chloride and hydrogen sulfide gas. part a what mass of sbcl3 is produced from a 3.05 g sample of stibnite?
The mineral stibnite, antimony(iii) sulfide, is treated with hydrochloric acid to give antimony(iii) chloride and hydrogen sulfide gas. Mass of sbcl3 is produced from a 3.05 g sample of stibnite will be 4.50 g.
Antimony(III) sulfide + hydrochloric acid → antimony(III) chloride and hydrogen sulfide gas.
Sb₂S₃ + HCl → SbCl₃ + H₂S
Sb₂S₃ + 6HCl → 2SbCl₃ +3H₂S
1 mol Sb₂S₃ : 2SbCl₃
Molar mass Sb₂S₃ = 339.715 g/mol
Number of moles = mass in grams / molar mass = 3.35 g / 339.715 g/mol = 0.00986 mol
1 mol Sb₂S₃ / 2 mol SbCl₃ = 0.00986 mol Sb₂S₃ / x
x = 0.01972 mol SbCl₃
Molar mass SbCl₃ = 228.13 g/mol
mass in grams = molar mass × number of moles = 228.13 g/mol × 0.01972 mol = 4.50 g.
In the food, textile, metal, and rubber sectors, hydrogen chloride (HCl) is frequently employed as a bleaching agent to neutralise alkaline substances. When discharged into the soil, it is neutralised, and when it comes into contact with water, it hydrolyzes quickly.
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gallium crystallizes in a primitive cubic unit cell. the length of an edge of this cube is 362 pmpm . what is the radius of a gallium atom? express your answer numerically in picometers.
The gallium atom's radius is 181 pm.
What is an atom of gallium's radius?The basic cubic structure of a primitive cubic unit cell has one atom in each of the cube's eight corners. In addition, eight additional cubes share each atom evenly, resulting in one atom per unit cell.
A basic cube's edge length (a) and atomic radius (R) are connected by the formula: a = 2*R.
A = 362 pm for the Ga unit cell.
R = a/2 = 362/2 = 181 pm as a result.
As a result, the gallium atom's radius is 181 pm.
How is the basic cubic unit cell made?Only the corners of the original cubic unit cell contain atoms. Eight adjacent unit cells share each atom at the corner. Both the upper (or lower) layer and the same layer have four unit cells each. Consequently, a specific unit cell only contains 1/8th of an atom.
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the hcl(aq) solution has a lower concentration than what is indicated on the reagent bottle. will this result indicate the presence of more or fewer moles of base in the antacid? explain.
The hcl(aq) solution has a lower concentration than what is indicated on the reagent bottle. This will result in fewer moles of base in the antacid.
What is the HCI solution's concentration?
Up to 38% HCl solutions are used to create hydrochloric acid (concentrated grade). Chemically, concentrations up to just over 40% are possible, but because of the high evaporation rate at that point, special handling and storage measures like pressurization and cooling are needed.The easiest way to test for hydrochloric acid is with silver nitrate solution. Add silver nitrate solution to the test solution in a test tube and observe the reaction. If a white precipitate forms, hydrochloric acid is present.To learn more about HCl solution, follow the link https://brainly.com/question/28456678
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why did you wash the ether solution with sodium bicarbonate? write chemical equations for the reactions that took place.
Washing it with sodium carbonate can lessen the organic layer's solubility in the aqueous layer. The organic layer can be separated more easily as a result.
C4H10O + 24NaHCO3 → 28CO2 + 17H2O + 24Na
What is sodium bicarbonate?A popular reagent with the chemical formula NaHCO3 is sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, bicarbonate of soda, or "baking soda." Sodium bicarbonate is an amphoteric molecule that often takes the form of a fine white powder or tiny crystals. It can function as both an acid and a base in distinct chemical reactions, though it is typically thought of as a base.
Carbon dioxide can be bubbled into a concentrated sodium carbonate solution to produce sodium bicarbonate. Filter and let the sodium bicarbonate precipitate air dry after cooling the solution till it does. Because sodium bicarbonate decomposes beyond 50 °C, do not boil the bicarbonate solution.
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the sodium sulfate is added at the end of the procedure as a drying agent. which is/are the most important intermolecular forces between the sodium sulfate and the water?
Sodium sulfate is an ionic moiety that is completely dissociated into sodium cations and sulfate anions. Such dissociated ionic species, when interacting with water, a polar protic solvent, present two strong intermolecular forces.
Firstly in water, the hydrogens are attached to highly electronegative oxygen making the H atoms electron-deficient. To make up for this deficiency they seek electron-rich atoms like the oxygens of sulfate ion which share their lone pair of electrons with the electron-deficient H atoms and thus stabilize themselves as well as the H atoms. This IMF is called hydrogen bonding and apart from existing between sulfate ions and water, exists between water molecules themselves.
The second IMF is the ion-dipole interaction between the partially negative charge-bearing O atom of water and the cation sodium of sodium sulfate. This interaction is similar to the electrostatic attraction between sodium and sulfate but does not involve complete electron transfer. The ion-dipole interaction can be seen as a type of H-bonding, only involving cations instead of electron-deficient hydrogen atoms. By their number, these two IMF between sodium sulfate and water allows the former to sequester water molecules in diethyl ether.
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List the four types of carbon molecules (organic compounds) found within living organisms and the major subdivisions of each type of molecule.
Answer:
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids are the four types of organic molecules that all organisms require; life is impossible without any of these substances.
What are lipids ?Fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins, monoglycerides, diglycerides, phospholipids, and other naturally occurring molecules are included in the large class of molecules known as lipids. Lipids have a variety of roles in the body, including energy storage, signaling, and serving as structural elements of cell membranes.
Lipids have three main biological activities in the body: they are essential signaling molecules, structural elements of cell membranes, and energy storage facilities.
Four different categories of carbon-based compounds make up every living thing: Carbohydrates. Lipids. Proteins. DNA and RNA.
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four main types of organic substances that are present in all living things. Carbohydrates are used as energy sources by almost all organisms. Additionally, some carbs act as building blocks.
Thus, the four types of carbon molecules (organic compounds) found within living organisms are Nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
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calculate the freezing point of a solution of 1.00 mol of the nonelectrolyte glucose dissolved in 1.00 kg of water would be the freezing point of a solution of 1.00 mol of the strong electrolyte kcl dissolved in 1.00 kg of water. calculate the freezing point of a solution of 1.00 mol of the nonelectrolyte glucose dissolved in 1.00 kg of water would be the freezing point of a solution of 1.00 mol of the strong electrolyte kcl dissolved in 1.00 kg of water. the same as higher than lower than
ΔTf KCL > ΔTf glucose .
What is freezing point?
The precise temperature at which a liquid solidifies is known as its Freezing Point. The freezing point, like the melting point, rises with increasing pressure.
The freezing point of mixtures and individual organic compounds is lower than the melting point. When these mixes begin to freeze, the solid that forms at first has a different composition than the liquid.
Freezing-point Depression is a decrease in the temperature at which a substance freezes caused by the addition of a smaller amount of another, non-volatile substance. Adding salt to water (used in ice cream makers and to de-ice roads), alcohol in water, ethylene or propylene glycol in water (used in car antifreeze), adding copper to molten silver (used to make solder that flows at a lower temperature than the silver pieces being joined), or mixing two solids such as impurities into a finely powdered drug are some examples.
This creation significantly alters the composition of the remaining liquids, usually in a way that gradually lowers the freezing point.
Freezing point depression is higher in KCL so freezing point of glucose will be higher than freezing point of KCL.
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If the density of your unknown liquid is 0. 65 g/ml, calculate the volume in liters that 3 ml of your unknown liquid would occupy when vaporized at the barometric pressure and temperature of your boiling water bath in run 1. Use the accepted molar mass of your suspected unknown.
The volume of 3 mL evaporated unknow liquid is
V 3mL = 1.95
30.688 X Mass molar
To calculate the volume in liters that 3 ml of your unknown liquid would occupy when vaporized, it can be calculated as follows:
as we know :
boiling presure at 1 atm is 100°C or 373°Kstandard STP temperature = 273°KSTP volume = 22.4 Lfirst we calculate the temperature of unknown
T = 373 °K / 273°K
T = 1.37 °K
D = 0.65 g/mL
so,
V 3 mL = volume of unknown liquid X D
mass molar X V X T
V 3 mL = 3 mL X 0.65 g / mL
mass molar X 22.4 L X 1.37
V 3mL = 1.95
30.688 X Mass molar
when we know the value of molar mass, we can easily calculate the value now.
Hence, The volume of 3 mL evaporated unknow liquid is
V 3mL = 1.95
30.688 X Mass molar
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Silicon carbide (sic) is an important ceramic material that is made by allowing sand (silicon dioxide, sio2) to react with powdered carbon at high temperature. When 10 kg of sand (sio2) is used in the reaction, what is the amount (in grams) of co being produced? sio2(s) + c(s) --> sic(s) + co(g) (unbalanced) aw si = 28. 1 g/mol; aw c = 12 g/mol; aw o = 16 g/mol.
Mole measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. Therefore, the amount (in grams) of co being produced is 9.2Kg.
What is mole?The SI unit of amount of substance in chemistry is mole. The mole is used to measure the quantity or amount of substance. We know one mole of any element contains 6.022×10²³ atoms which is also called Avogadro number.
The balanced equation is
SiO[tex]_2[/tex] (s) +3 C (s) → SiC (s) +2 CO (g)
mass of SiO[tex]_2[/tex]= 10 kg=10,000g
Molar mass of SiO[tex]_2[/tex]=60.08 g/mol
Number of moles of SiO[tex]_2[/tex]= given mass÷ Molar mass
=10,000g÷ 60.08 g/mol
=164.4moles
From 1 mole of SiO[tex]_2[/tex], 2 moles of CO is produced.
From 164.4moles of SiO[tex]_2[/tex], 2× 164.4=328.8moles of CO is produced.
Mass of CO=moles of CO× molar mass of CO
=328.8moles× 28.01 g/mol
=9,209.6g=9.2Kg
Therefore, the amount (in grams) of co being produced is 9,209.6g or 9.2Kg.
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a 1 liter solution contains 0.245 m nitrous acid and 0.327 m potassium nitrite. addition of 0.123 moles of potassium hydroxide will:
Addition of 0.123 moles of potassium hydroxide will increase the PH of the solution by several units .
Why the addition of 0.124 moles of potassium hydroxide will increase the PH by some units?PH is the basic term in chemistry which signifies the hydrogen ion concentration in a given solution.Here is given in a 1 liter solution is 0.245 molal nitrous acid and 0.327 molal potassium nitrite.And the question is asked of effect in the solution after the addition of 0.123 moles of potassium hydroxide in the same solution.See nitrous acid that is KNO2 is a strong acid , and KOH is a strong base so it will completely ionize in the solution.The k+ component of the KOH will react with nitrous that is NO2 component and will form KNO2 which is a weak base .So being basic in nature it will slightly increase the PH of the solution where in it will react.To know more about solution visit:
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identify the number of electrons required to balance the following half-reaction. also indicate whether these electrons must appear as reactants or products.
Two electrons are required on the product side to balance the equation.
Fe⁺ → Fe⁺³ + 2e⁻
A balanced chemical equation is an equation where both the products and reactants are balanced in terms of- number of atoms, moles and concentration.
To balance a chemical equation, we need to equalize the number of atoms on both the reactant and the product side, along with the oxidation and reduction of the reaction. Where oxidation takes place, there reduction also happens and hence known as redox reaction.
Oxidation: - It involve the removal of electrons and oxidation state of atom of an element is increased
Reduction: - It involve the gain of electron and oxidation number is decreased.
In the given condition the oxidation takes place in Fe+ as its number increase from 1+ to 3+ and reduction takes place as it loses two electrons.
Therefore, 3 e- are required to balance the equation from the product side.
Complete question: -
How many electrons are required to balance the following half-reaction?
Fe+ ⟶ Fe3+
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While camping your father warns you to not get too close to
the fire. He says even if you don't touch the fire you can still
get burned by the heat. What type of heat transfer is your
father talking about?
(A) solar
(B) conduction
(C) convection
(D) radiation
Please explain how you would determine whether a particular molecular compound was polar if you were given the lewis structure.
The way to determine whether a particular molecular compound was polar if you were given the Lewis structure is by:
The molecule is nonpolar if the arrangement is symmetrical and the arrows are of equal length. The molecule is polar if the lengths of the arrows differ and they do not balance one another. A polar molecule has an asymmetrical configuration.How can the Lewis structure tell if a molecule is polar?The way to Spot Polar Molecules are:
Sketch out the Lewis framework.Calculate the geometry (using VSEPR theory)Draw or visualize the geometry.Find the net dipole moment (if you can see it, you may skip the math)It is non-polar if the net dipole moment is zero. Everything else is polar.Therefore, Keep in mind that an unbalanced distribution of electrons defines a polar bond.
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What is the weight percent of vitamin c in a solution made by dissolving 2. 60 g of vitamin c, c6h8o6, in 55. 0 g of water?.
The weight percent of vitamin c in a solution is 4.51%
Definition of weight in percent.When calculating the weight percentage of a solution, divide the total mass of the solute and solvent in the solution by 100 to get the percentage.
Percent by weight is another name for percent by mass. Measurements of a soluton's concentration include percent by mass (percent by weight) and mass fraction (weight fraction). A solution's mass fraction (or weight fraction) is the proportion of one component's mass to the overall mass of the solution.
Weight percent = mass solute/mass solute + mass solvent ×100
Weight percent = 2.6/2.6+55 ×100
Weight percent = 4.51% of vitamin c.
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reactants capable of interacting to form products in a chemical reaction must first overcome a thermodynamic barrier known as the reaction's . reactants capable of interacting to form products in a chemical reaction must first overcome a thermodynamic barrier known as the reaction's . entropy equilibrium point free-energy content activation energy request answer
Reactants capable of interacting to form products in a chemical reaction must overcome activation energy.
The least amount of energy necessary to bring atoms or molecules into a state where they can undergo a chemical transformation or physical transport is known as the activation energy in chemistry. The difference in energy content between atoms or molecules in an activated or transition-state configuration and the same atoms and molecules in their original configuration is known as the activation energy in transition-state theory. The activation energy is usually represented by the symbol Ea.
Exothermic reactions require activation energy to begin, just like all other chemical reactions. Reactants require activation energy in order to move collectively, overcome repulsive forces, and begin bond-breaking.
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Which of these molecular structures could be found in a lipid, but not a carbohydrate, protein, or nucleic acid?.
The molecular structures that could be found in a lipid, but not in a carbohydrate, protein, or nucleic acid is a long chain made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
What is a lipid?Lipids аre hydrophobic (“wаter-feаring”), or insoluble in wаter, becаuse they аre nonpolаr molecules. This is becаuse they аre hydrocаrbons thаt include only nonpolаr cаrbon-cаrbon or cаrbon-hydrogen bonds. Lipids perform mаny different functions in а cells. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of lipids cаlled fаts.
Lipids аnd cаrbohydrаtes аre composed of cаrbon, hydrogen аnd oxygen аtoms. Proteins аnd nucleic аcids hаve nitrogen аtoms. However, even though lipids аnd cаrbohydrаtes hаve cаrbon, hydrogen аnd oxygen аtoms, cаrbohydrаtes аre mostly cyclic structures аnd not strаight chаin molecules like lipids аnd they do not hаve а long chаin mаde only of cаrbon аnd hydrogen аtoms.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full options were
A. a long chain of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms
B. a long chain made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms
C. a phosphate group joined to a chain of carbon atoms
D. an amino group and a carboxyl group bonded together
Thus, the correct option is B.
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why is a solution not a pure substance?
a, it is made up of one substance
b, the solute and solvent cannot be seperated
c, it is a mixture between a solute of solvent
d, it is made up of two substances that are chemically combined
i just took the test the anwser is c
A solution is not a pure substance as it is a mixture between a solute and a solvent.
Pure substances are substances that are made up of only type of particles and have a fixed structure. In pure substances the matter cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical means.
A homogenous mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts that can be varied continuously up to what is called the limit of solubility. The term solution is commonly applied to the liquid state of matter, but solutions of gases and solids are possible.
A solution cannot be a pure substance because it is made up of a homogenous mixture of solute and a solvent. Homogenous means the matter cannot be separated out and therefore a solution cannot be a pure substance.
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What is the molar ratio of acid to base for the neutralization reaction between hcl and naoh?.
Molar ratio of acid to base for the neutralization reaction between HCl and NaOH is 1:1
A mole ratio is the ratio between the amount in moles of any two compounds involved in a balanced chemical reaction and the neutralization of hydrochloric acid by sodium hydroxide the mole ratio of acid to base is 1:1 and one mole of HCl would be fully neutralized by one mole of NaOH and a neutralization reaction is the chemical reaction in which an acid and base quantitatively react together to form a salt and water the reaction is
1 NaOH + 1HCl → 1NaCl + 1 H₂O
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Explain how electrolytes in the body are essential to proper body function. What is a common electrolyte used by athletes and why is it used?.
Electrolytes in the body are essential to proper body function as they are the minerals in our body that have electric charge. common electrolyte used by athletes are sodium, magnesium , calcium and potassium.
Electrolytes are the minerals which present in our body that have the electric charge. electrolytes are important because :
it balance the water in our bodybalances the body pH levelmoves nutrients in cellmoves out the wastesodium , potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, chlorides all the electrolytes we get from the food we eat.
Thus, Electrolytes in the body are essential to proper body function as they are the minerals in our body that have electric charge. common electrolyte used by athletes are sodium, magnesium , calcium and potassium.
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If 5. 00 g of gas a and 5. 00 g of gas b are mixed in the same container, and the partial pressure of gas b is determined to be twice that of gas a, what do we know about the gases?.
The partial pressure of each gases is dependent on the mole fraction of the gases. If gas b has higher partial pressure than the a , then the number of moles of b will be higher in the container.
What is partial pressure?Partial pressure of an individual gas in a mixture of gases is the contribution of that gas to the total pressure of the gas mixture. Thus if Pa be the partial pressure of gas A and Pb is the partial pressure of gas b, then the total pressure of mixture AB will be Pa + Pb.
Given that the two gases a and b are taken in a container 5 g each. The partial pressure of b is twice that of a. Thus,
Pb = 2 Pa. and total pressure = Pa + 2Pa = 3Pa
Here, the mass, volume and temperature all equal for the two gases, however their partial pressure differs and it is due to the difference in number of moles . Thus the mole fraction of gas b will be grater than that of gas a.
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do yoou think the orbital period for esus would increase, decrease, or staty the same if its mass were increased? explain your reasoning.
Increased mass would not change the orbital period because Kepler's third law does not take mass into account.
Define Kepler's third law.The cubes of the semi-major axes of the planets' orbits are directly proportional to the squares of the planets' orbital periods. According to Kepler's Third Law, as orbiting planet's radius increases, same the time of its orbit around the Sun.
Thus, we learn that Mercury, the innermost planet, completes its orbit of the Sun in just 88 days. Saturn needs 10,759 days to complete the same task as the earth does in 365 days. Despite the fact that Kepler had no knowledge of gravitation at the time he developed his three laws, Isaac Newton used them to derive his theory of universal gravitation, which explains the mysterious force behind Kepler's Third Law.
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Calculate the de broglie wavelength (in picometers) of a hydrogen atom traveling at 435 m/s.
The de broglie wavelength of a hydrogen atom traveling at 435 m/s is 911 pm.
What is de broglie wavelength?De-Broglie wavelength of a particle shows the length scale at which wave-like properties are important for that particle. The de Broglie wavelength is usually denoted by the symbol (λ). For a particle with momentum (p), the de Broglie wavelength can be expressed as:
λ = hp
where, h is Planck constant
Given, speed of electron: 435 m/s
Momentum = Planck's Constant / wavelength
Also, Momentum = mass of atom × speed of atom
So, Planck's Constant / wavelength = mass of atom × speed of atom
6.62 × 10⁻³⁴ m².kg.s⁻¹ /λ = 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ g × 435 m/s
λ = 6.62 × 10⁻³⁴/ 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ × 435
λ = 0.00911 × 10⁻⁷ m
λ = 911 pm
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When exactly half of the ch3co2h has been converted to ch3co2-, what is the ratio:.
The ratio of converting CH3CO2 is 49:1.
Calculation:-
The pH of an acidic buffer is calculated by Henderson equation as:
pH = pKa + log [ salt] / [acid]
Given, ka for acetic acid = 1.76 x 10^-5
Therefore, pKa = -log ka = - log 1.76 x 10^-5
= 5 - log 1.76 = 5 - 0.246 = 4.75
pH = 4.44
Hence, using Henderson's equation,
pH = pka + log [CH3COO- ] /[CH3COOH]
4.44 = 4.75 + log [CH3COO- / CH3COOH]
log [CH3COO- / CH3COOH ] = - 0.31
[CH3COO- / CH3COOH] = antilog -0.31 = 0.49
Therefore, ratio of , [CH3COO- / CH3COOH] = 0.49 : 1
Ratios indicate how often one number contains another number. The term ratio is used in social media sensation and refers to situations where a post has a higher percentage of replies compared to likes and reposts. It usually indicates that the post is inundated with negative replies that criticize and often ridicule.
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Explain (in your own words) why hydrogen atoms can form a covalent bond but helium atoms cannot.
Hydrogen is able to bond with itself hydrogen doesn't obey the rule of octet because it requires only 2 electrons to have its outer shell filled and gain stability.
so the bond is formed when the 2 atoms come closer and their electrons are attracted to the proton of the other atoms hence bonding covalently
covalent bond is a type of bond in which a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms
Helium cannot form covalent bonds this is because it has a complete shell of electrons and in this state, the atom cannot readily accept any additional electrons or join with any element or atoms to make a bond also the gas is a noble its valence shell is full and it gains no stabilizing effect forming covalent bonds.
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In the insoluble and soluble salt lab, the dropper bottles containing the anions to be studied were all.
The dropper bottles containing the anions to be studied, were all sodium salt solutions.
What are insoluble and soluble salt?Salt compounds can be divided into two types based on their water solubility. They are soluble salts and insoluble salts. The main difference between soluble and insoluble salts is that soluble salts are soluble in water at room temperature whereas insoluble salts are not soluble in water at room temperature.
Insoluble salts are ionic compounds that cannot be dissolved in water but form suspensions, .e. salts continue to exist as solids rather than being dissolved in liquids, whereas soluble salts are ionic compounds that dissociate components during interaction with solvents to form concentrations of at least 0.1 mol/liter at room temperature. form a solution.
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How do you know if a valence shell is full?.
The Atoms which is fully occupied by 8 electrons in their outermost shell is said to be full valence shell.
If the atoms have 8 valence electrons in their outermost shell it is said to be compounds are full. this explains the octet rule. The full valence shell means, the valence shell is fully occupied and forms a stable octet. The halogens like Helium, Neon, Argon, Xenon, etc. have fully filled valence shells. Valence electrons are the electrons located at the outermost shell of an atom. full valence shell is the most stable electron configuration. Elements in other groups have partially filled valence shells and gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Group 0 elements that are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon have full outer shells. atoms are most stable and least reactive when their outermost electron shell is full.
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a mixture of xenon and oxygen gases contains xenon at a partial pressure of 162 mm hg and oxygen at a partial pressure of 568 mm hg. what is the mole fraction of each gas in the mixture? xxe
The mole fraction of oxygen gas in the mixture is 0.778 and the mole fraction of xenon in the mixture is 0.222.
What is mole fraction?
Mole fraction is the moles of a particular gas divided by total number of moles of all the gases in the mixture. The total pressure of the gas is the the sum of partial pressures of the given gases that constitutes the mixture. Mole fraction of all the gases in any mixture when added gives 1.
Mole fraction of oxygen gas and xenon gas in the mixture can be calculated as,
Mole fraction of Oxygen gas = 568 / 568 + 162 = 0.778
Mole fraction of xenon gas = 162 / 568 + 162 = 0.222
Therefore, mole fraction of oxygen and xenon gases with partial pressures of 568mm Hg and 162 mm Hg are 0.778 and 0.222 respectively.
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if you were to combine two carbon-12 atoms in a fusion process, what element would you get? (type the symbol from the periodic table, not the full name of the element.)
The element you would get after fusion process of two carbon-12 atoms is Mg.
A magnesium-24 nucleus (Z = 12, A = 24) has the same nucleons as two carbon-12 nuclei (Z = 6, A = 12). The reaction is therefore a fusion of two carbon-12 nuclei, and no other particles are produced: [tex]^{12}_{6}C +^{12} _{6} C ------ > ^{24}_{12}Mg[/tex]
Nuclear fusion process: A reaction known as nuclear fusion occurs when two or more atomic nuclei fuse to create new atomic and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons). Energy is released or absorbed depending on how much mass there is between the reactants and products. The difference in nuclear binding energy between the atomic nuclei before and after the reaction is what causes this mass difference. Large amounts of energy are generated during nuclear fusion process, which fuels active stars, main sequence stars, and other high-magnitude stars.
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a technician mixes 80 ml of a 5% solution with 10 ml of water. what is the final percentage strength of the solution prepared?
A technician mixes 80 ml of a 5% solution with 10 ml of water. the final percentage strength of the solution prepared is 40 %.
given that :
8 ml of a 5 % solution mix with 10 ml . that means the 80 mL of 5 % solution is diluted with water of 10 mL
therefore, 80 × 5 = 10 × x %
x % = 40 %
Therefore, the final percentage strength of the solution is 40 %
Thus, A technician mixes 80 ml of a 5% solution with 10 ml of water. the final percentage strength of the solution prepared is 40 %.
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