Determine customer satisfaction with shareholder communications. assess compliance with ethics policies. evaluate the design adequacy of board education and training.
The goal of shareholder communications is to increase company visibility within the investment community, ensure consistent delivery of key messages, and ultimately keep costs and capital available.
Effectively communicating business strategy and results helps investors and shareholders understand the value of their investment in the company. If you don't communicate (or perform poorly), the shareholder may feel that her ROI is not commensurate with the perceived risk.
The majority of communication with shareholders should be conducted by appropriate individuals, such as management, general counsel, corporate secretary, and investor relations, with appropriate assistance from human resources, compensation officers, and other professionals.
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the introduction of quantity discounts will cause the optimum order quantity to be: multiple choice greater. smaller or unchanged. smaller. unchanged. unchanged or greater.
The introduction of quantity discounts will cause the optimum order quantity to be unchanged or greater.
What is discount?
When a security is selling for less than its inherent or basic worth, it is said to be trading at a discount in the world of finance and investment.
When a bond's price is trading below its par value, or face value, in the fixed-income market, a discount is present. The extent of the discount is equal to the difference between the price paid for a security and its par value. Bonds may trade at a discount for a variety of reasons, such as rising interest rates, problems with the underlying company's credit, or riskiness when compared to comparable bonds.
The discount rate, an interest rate used to calculate the time worth of money, should not be confused with a discount.
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chuck needs to purchase an item in 10 years. the item costs $200 today, but its price inflates 4% per year. to finance the purchase, chuck deposits $20 into an account at the beginning of each year for 6 years. he deposits an additional x at the beginning of years 4, 5, and 6 to meet his goal. the effective annual interest rate if 10%. calculate x. (hint: accumulate the payments to the beginning of the 6th year (time 5) and then accumulate them for another 5 years.)
The correct answer is 8.9.
Solution:
Price of the item today = 200
Price after 10 years = 200*(1+0.04)^10 = 296.05
FV at the end of 10 years of deposit of 20 each start of year for 6 years 10% rate
= 1.1*((1.10^6-1)/0.1)*1.1^4
= 248.52
Let X be deposited at the start of year4,5 and 6.
This means X is deposited at the end of years 3, 4 and 5.
FV of this at end of year 10= (X(1.1^3-1)/0.1)*1.1^5 = 5.33 X
So, 296.05 = 248.52+5.33 X = X = 8.9
APR is the real rate of return on a savings account or interest-bearing investment after factoring in the effect of compounding interest over time. It also reflects the actual percentage of interest on loans, credit cards, or other liabilities. APR is the actual interest rate paid after compounding for the year.
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Which of the following is not a direct tax?O Income tax
O Property tax
O Sales Tax
O House Tax
Answer: house tax
Explanation: slay
assume the cpi basket is made of 100 gums and 10 bikes. the table below shows prices of both goods over three years. (round to the nearest 2 decimal points. show all work) 2019 (base) 2020 2021 gums $1 $1 $2 bikes $200 $240 $260 (a) find cpi in 2020 (b) find cpi in 2021 (c) find inflation in 2020 (d) find inflation in 2021
Cost of goods in 2019 = ($2 * 100) + ($200 * 10) = $200 + $2,000 = $2,200
What is CPI?
The monthly change in prices paid by American consumers is tracked by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The CPI is calculated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) as a weighted average of prices for a selection of products and services that is indicative of total consumer spending in the United States. One of the most widely used indicators of inflation and deflation is the CPI. In contrast to the producer price index (PPI), which tracks changes in the prices paid to American producers of goods and services, the CPI report employs a different survey methodology, price samples, and index weights. A representative basket of products and services is used to calculate the Consumer Price Index, which tracks the overall change in consumer prices over time. The CPI is the most frequently cited indicator of inflation, and policymakers closely study it.
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Which of the following statements is incorrect? Select one: a. In a recession, normal goods manufacturers are expected to have reductions in the demand. b. In a recession, inferior goods manufacturers are not expected to have reductions in the demand. c. All producers are going to be negatively affected in a recession. d. None of the above is correct.
the answer of the given question is option d which is none of the above is correct.
When there is a general fall in economic activity, there is a recession, which is a contraction of the business cycle in economics. Recessions typically start when expenditure falls dramatically across the board (an adverse demand shock). Several things could cause this, including a financial crisis, a shock to international commerce, a bad supply shock, the deflation of an economic bubble, or a significant anthropogenic or natural disaster (e.g. a pandemic).
Recessions are described as "a considerable fall in economic activity spread across the market, lasting more than a few months, generally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, and wholesale-retail sales" in the United States.
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Which of the following is the most closed economy? a. the Netherlands b. the United States c. Germany d. Russia e. Canada.
Because they import less commodities than other nations, the Netherlands is often referred to as having a closed economy.
What size of an open economy is the US?While Sweden and Germany rely on foreign trade, the U.S. has a relatively closed economy. Germany is the only significant economy with an open economy. As opposed to this, countries with small economies like Australia, Canada, Chile, Mexico, and Sweden engage in modest international trade.
The closed economy is what?A country with a closed economy is one that doesn't trade or conduct any other kind of financial transactions with other nations. In other words, neither imports nor exports enter the nation.
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as a result of a tariff on an imported good, a. domestic producers are better off because they sell more goods at a higher price. b. domestic producers are better off because they sell the same quantity of goods at a higher price. c. domestic producers are better off because they sell more goods at the same price. d. domestic consumers are better off because there are more domestically produced goods available. e. domestic consumers are neither better off nor worse off because imports do not change.
Due to a tariff on an imported good.B home manufacturers are higher off due to the fact they promote extra items at a better price.
The required details about tariff is mentioned in below paragraph.
A tariff is a tax imposed via way of means of the government of a rustic or via way of means of a supranational union on imports or exports of items. Besides being a supply of revenue for the government, import responsibilities also can be a shape of law of overseas trade and coverage that taxes overseas merchandise to inspire or protect home industry. Protective tariffs are the various maximum broadly used units of protectionism, alongside with import quotas and export quotas and other non-tariff limitations to trade.
Tariffs may be fixed (a consistent sum consistent with unit of imported items or a percent of the price) or variable (the quantity varies in keeping with the price). Taxing imports method human beings are much less possibly to shop for them as they end up extra expensive. The purpose is they purchase neighborhood merchandise instead, boosting their country's economy. Tariffs consequently offer an incentive to expand manufacturing and update imports with home merchandise.
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a lease in which the lessee is the effective owner of the leased property, can depreciate the asset under lease for tax purposes and can deduct only the interest portion of the lease payment is called
A lease in which the lessee is the effective owner of the leased property, can depreciate the asset under lease for tax purposes and can deduct only the interest portion of the lease payment is called a tax-oriented lease.
Leased property is any land or buildings that are leased out to another party for a specified period of time. The lessee is responsible for paying rent to the lessor and is usually required to maintain the property in good condition.
Leased property can be found in both residential and commercial settings. The lessor is typically the owner of the property and is responsible for providing the lessee with a safe and well-maintained property.
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how is an impairment loss recognized on the financial statements for a cost method equity investment? in other comprehensive income in current earnings deferred until recoverable impairment losses are not recognized on cost method investments.
Impairment losses are not recognized on cost method investments.
What exactly is an impairment loss?When an asset's fair value decreases, an impairment loss is a recognised decrease in the asset's carrying amount. The difference is written off when an asset's fair value falls below its carrying value. Impairment typically involves an abrupt reduction in value. It may occur from unforeseen causes like a financial catastrophe or natural calamity. Depreciation is the anticipated decline in market value brought on by ordinary wear and tear. For instance, once an automobile leaves the dealership, it automatically depreciates.
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a product-level activity center would likely include all of the following costs except: a. materials handling costs. b. legal fees to obtain and protect patents. c. packaging design costs. d. engineering development costs.
(a) materials handling costs. With the exception of materials handling costs, all of the following expenditures would likely be included in a product-level activity center.
Costs associated with material handling are those incurred during a product's entire production process, from design to shipping. It covers expenses like those for gasoline, labor, installing machinery, and other expenses as well. The term "materials handling costs" (or "MH%") refers to the multiplier, which is [*]%, that accounts for labor costs associated with production planning, material management, purchasing, storage, and quality inspection of incoming goods, as well as freight and insurance, material scrap and attrition (at the component level), and finance. The several sorts of expenses connected with preparing and moving inventory are referred to as handling costs. The majority of the costs go toward order fulfillment costs like shipping and packing. In manufacturing, warehousing, and distribution, material handling refers to the transportation, protection, storage, and management of materials and goods.
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which one of the following is not a primary type of organizational structures used to manage the international operations of a company? a. international division b. geographic-area division c. home country product division d. worldwide matrix
home country product division is not a primary type of organizational structures used to manage the international operations of a company.
What exactly is an organisational structure?Task distribution, coordination, and supervision are only a few examples of activities that are geared toward achieving organisational goals according to an organisational structure. Standard operating procedures and routines are built on top of an organization's structure, which influences how that activity is taken. The way work is organised within an organisation is called its organisational structure. Groups can collaborate to manage tasks within the confines of their unique responsibilities.
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The principles of internal control include: Multiple Choice 53:35
O Require automated sales systems. ok
O Separate recordkeeping from custody of assets.
O Bond all employees.
O Use only computerized systems.
O Maintain minimal records
The internal control principles are as follows: 53:35 Multiple Choice Okay, you must have automated sales systems.
Why is recordkeeping important?Keeping accurate records of earnings, expenses, payroll, taxes, and accounts is not merely wise financial management. It can ease your mind, aid in goal monitoring, or help you save time and money. Business expenses are listed in basic records.
What is good recordkeeping?Effective record keeping begins with the creation of records and continues until they are deleted. Both electronic and manual records should be simple to locate, keep track of, and get rid of as needed. This can be facilitated by classifying, titling, and indexing new records. Keeping track of where you keep your information is also beneficial.
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a firm is considering changing their credit terms. it is estimated that this change would result in sales increasing by $1,600,000. this in turn would cause inventory to increase by $125,000, accounts receivable to increase by $100,000, and accounts payable to increase by $90,000. what is the firm's expected change in net working capital?
Working Capital: of the firm is option D) $135,000.
The required details about working capital is mentioned in below paragraph.
Efficient working capital control builds believe for the employer. The employer can be capable of pay its personnel and provider on time, and for personnel, the corporations which might be punctual of their bills will appeal to skills and facilitates in arresting the attrition rates.
The anticipated extrade in internet working capital is calculated below.
Total boom in contemporary assets = boom in inventory + boom in debts receivable
= $125,000 + $100,000
=$225,000
The overall boom in contemporary liabilities is $90,000 (debts payable)
Net working capital = Current Assets - Current liabilities
= $225,000 - $90,000
=$135,000
The firm's anticipated extrade in internet working capital is $135,000
(COMPLETE QUESTION )
A firm is considering changing their credit terms. It is estimated that this change would result in sales increasing by $1,600,000. This in turn would cause inventory to increase by $125,000, accounts receivable to increase by $100,000, and accounts payable to increase by $90,000. What is the firm's expected change in net working capital?
A) $1,735,000
B) $315,000
C) $225,000
D) $135,000
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how do leagues support franchise relocation rules that clearly restrain the ability of their teams to move to other cities?
The leagues contend that these regulations safeguard both the league's overall product and individual owners from financial losses brought on by the relocation of a rival team.
It typically occurs between municipalities within the same conurbation when a team owner moves a professional sports team, though it can occasionally occur between separate metropolitan areas. The strategy is most common in North America, where a league franchise system is used and teams are primarily privately owned. North America lacks complete governing bodies whose power spans from the amateur to the highest levels of a given sport, in contrast to the bulk of professional sport systems globally. Owners who move a team frequently do so in quest of increased revenue, better facilities, stronger fan support, or a combination of these factors. In North American sports, the promotion and relegation system, where underperforming teams are replaced with teams who perform well in lower-level divisions, is not frequently implemented.
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g true or false: unlike with demand curves, all supply curves have the same elasticity as each other. true false
The elasticity of the curves depend on its market price and it is not the same for all.
What is a demand curve?
In the law of supply and demand, the demand curve is the counterpart to the supply curve. The demand curve, in contrast to the supply curve, slopes downward because, generally speaking, the greater the price of a commodity, the less demand there will be for it.
The supply curve can alter depending on a number of variables, such as changes in production costs (such as those of labour and raw materials), advancements in technology, the level of rivalry among sellers and manufacturers, and the regulatory and tax environment.
Along with consumer preferences, the quantity of disposable cash accessible to customers has an impact on demand. The demand curve may also change if there are strong alternatives or substitutes.
Thus, the elasticity of the curves depend on its market price and it is not the same for all.
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are loans to a compnay or goverment for a set amount of time. They earn interst and are considered low risk investments
A bonds are loans to a compnay or goverment for a set amount of time. They earn an interest and are considered low risk investments.
What is a Bonds as investment?A bonds refers to debt securities issued by corporations, governments, or other organizations and sold to investors. The backing for this investment is the payment ability of the issuer to generate revenue although physical assets may also be used as collateral.
Bonds as an investment, have different features than stocks and their prices tend to be less correlated, thereby making a bonds a good diversifier for investment portfolios. It also tend to pay regular and stable interest, making them well-suited for those on a fixed-income
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what is a statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision as effective as possible, for example, finding the values of controllable variables that determine maximal productivity or minimal waste?
A statistical process called prediction seeks to maximize production or minimize waste by identifying the values that will make an design, system, or choice as effective as possible.
Statistical Process: What Is It?There are five steps in the statistical technique: create the study, Gather data, describe it, draw conclusions, and take action. In a planned experiment, the study's parameters are under control. In an ongoing study, researchers simply observe what occurs rather than trying to influence the circumstances.
What is an example of a statistical process?Any procedure where the output of a "compliant product" (a product that meets standards) can be measured can use SPC. Run charts, box plot, an emphasis on continual improvement, and the experiment design are important SPC tools.
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pharmaceutical company z received government approval for a medicine that lowers high blood pressure. over time, however, the company realizes that the drug causes tremors in a small number of people who use it. in deciding how to proceed, the company identifies a range of stakeholders, including corporate shareholders, consumers, physicians, the government, and society as a whole, and comes up with several possible courses of action. according to the josephson's core values model for ethical decision-making, what should company z do next? try to determine which course of action will best protect the company in the short-term. evaluate the impact of each possible course of action on each of the various stakeholders. try to determine which core values are most important to the company. evaluate which course of action will provide the greatest benefit to the corporate shareholders, to whom the company has the greatest obligation.
According to the Josephson's core values model for ethical decision-making, Company Z should Evaluate the impact of each possible course of action on each of the various stakeholders.
What is the foundational ethical decision-making framework proposed by Josephson?One factor in the model is profitability, particularly in relation to stakeholders, although it is not the most crucial factor.
The Josephson's Core Values Model's major concern istrustworthinessrespect \ responsibilityfairness \scaring \ citizenshipHowever, investors are also significant stakeholders in a firm, and it is not appropriate to disregard their needs. The most crucial issue is to fulfil the demands of stockholders in a morally just manner that benefits all parties involved, such as customers, governmental bodies, the environment, etc.
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in kwaba, autonomous consumption equals 100, the marginal propensity to consume equals 0.75, net taxes are fixed at 40, planned investment is fixed at 50, government purchases are fixed at 150, and net exports are fixed at 20. short-run equilibrium output in this economy equals:
Short-run equilibrium output in this economy equals 290.
What is short run equilibrium?
When the total quantity of output supplied and required equals the total amount of production supplied, an economy is in short-run equilibrium. By locating the point where AD overlaps SRAS in the AD-AS model, you may determine the short-run equilibrium. The equilibrium consists of the equilibrium production and price level. It's a good idea to consider the short-run equilibrium in terms of "how much real GDP is this economy now making, and what is an economy's current CPI?"
When an economy is out of balance, according to our analysis of markets, prices adjust until the market reaches equilibrium. A short-run macroeconomic equilibrium follows in general the same rules, but with a little adjustment.
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electronic product environmental assessment tool (epeat) is a system that enables purchasers to evaluate, compare, and select electronic products based on a total of how many environmental criteria?
EPEAT (Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool) is a system that allows buyers to evaluate, compare, and choose electronic products based on 51 environmental criteria.
The Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool is a tool that allows buyers to assess the environmental impact of a product. It evaluates a device's various lifecycle environmental aspects and ranks it as Gold, Silver, or Bronze based on a set of environmental performance criteria.
EPEAT has impacted 1.32 billion electronic products since 2006, achieving the following results when compared to products that do not meet the EPEAT criteria: Reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 167 million metric tons. 761,898 metric tons of hazardous waste were removed. Solid waste reduction.
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even though an open innovation model enables the firm to take advantage of external innovation conducted by other firms, it does not mean that the firm can decrease its r&d own effort.
Open innovation assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market, as they look to advance their technology.
What is open innovation?
Open innovation is the practise of a firm allowing workers from other divisions of the organisation or persons outside the company to provide feedback into its R&D department. Companies eliminate the constraints that a conventional, secretive model may have on creative initiatives by dismantling traditional divisions between departments and attracting external specialists and researchers.
In 2003, Henry Chesbrough, a research professor at the University of Berkeley, developed the idea of open innovation. Since important information is now readily available, no business, no matter how large, can fully realize the promise of innovation on its own. According to Chesbrough, this paradigm gives businesses a decentralized approach to innovation that fosters development.
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the following information relates to halloran co.'s accounts receivable for 2021: accounts receivable balance, 1/1/2021 $ 848,000 credit sales for 2021 3,440,000 accounts receivable written off during 2021 56,000 collections from customers during 2021 3,070,000 allowance for uncollectible accounts balance, 12/31/2021 208,000 what amount should halloran report for accounts receivable, before allowances, at december 31, 2021?
Accounts Receivable, before allowances on December 31, 2021, is $1,162,000.
Accounts receivable is the money that is owed to a company by its customers for goods and services that have been provided but not yet paid for. It is recorded as an asset on a company's balance sheet and is typically reported as a current asset due to the short repayment terms.
Calculate the ending balance of Accounts Receivable, before allowances:
Beginning Balance of Accounts Receivable (1/1/2021) + Credit Sales (2021) - Accounts Receivable Written Off (2021) - Collections from Customers (2021)
= $848,000 + $3,440,000 - $56,000 - $3,070,000
= $1,162,000
Report the Accounts Receivable, before allowances, on December 31, 2021:
Accounts Receivable, before allowances = $1,162,000
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when a company is unable to honor a written request for a contribution to charity, what is the best way to refuse the request?
When a company is unable to honor a written request for a contribution to charity, the best way to refuse the request is with an indirect refusal that focuses on the charity's good work.
An organization can be created as a prison character so that the organization itself has constrained liability as contributors perform or fail to discharge their duty according to the publicly declared incorporation, or posted policy. when a company closes, it can need to be liquidated to avoid in addition criminal responsibilities. A company can be described as a "synthetic character", invisible, intangible, created through or beneath the regulation, with a discrete prison personality, perpetual succession, and a common seal. besides some senior positions, companies remain unaffected by the loss of life, madness, or insolvency of an individual member.
Groups also are from time to time distinguished for legal and regulatory functions among public businesses and private organizations. Public businesses are corporations whose stocks may be publicly traded, regularly (although no longer usually) on an inventory trade which imposes listing requirements/listing rules as to the issued stocks, the trading of stocks and destiny trouble of stocks to assist bolster the reputation of the change or unique marketplace of exchange. non-public businesses do now not have publicly traded stocks, and frequently incorporate restrictions on transfers of shares. In some jurisdictions, non-public agencies have the most numbers of shareholders.
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An investor is looking to invest in companies that do not pay regular dividends now but instead reinvest their retained earnings back into the company. what is one likely goal of this investor?
An investor is looking to invest in companies that do not pay regular dividends now but instead reinvest their retained earnings back into the company. Achieving capital gains on the stock purchases is the goal.
What is dividends?
By using their voting powers, shareholders must approve dividends. Despite the fact that stock dividends are less prevalent than cash dividends, they are still a possibility. Different exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and mutual funds also provide dividends.
A dividend is a payment made to shareholders as compensation for their equity investment in a firm, and it typically comes from the latter's net earnings. While some profits may be retained by the firm to be used for current and future operations, the remaining may be distributed to shareholders as a dividend.
Even when they don't generate enough earnings to continue their proven track record of payouts, companies may nevertheless pay dividends.
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which of the following statements is true of the tax on gasoline? a. the cost of collecting a gasoline tax outweighs the revenues raised by the tax. b. it is preferred to tolls as the best solution to road congestion. c. it discourages driving on noncongested roads, even though there is no congestion externality for these roads. d. both b and c are correct.
It discourages driving on non-congested roads, even though there is no congestion externality for these roads. Option c) is true of the tax on gasoline.
What do you mean by gasoline?
Petrol (UK, AU; /ptrl/), commonly known as gasoline (US, CA; /aeslin/), is a clear, petroleum-derived flammable liquid that is predominantly used as a fuel in most spark-ignited internal combustion engines (also known as petrol engines). It mostly comprises of organic compounds made from petroleum fractional distillation that have been improved with various additions. An average barrel of crude oil yields 19 to 20 gallons of gasoline, 11 to 13 gallons of distillate fuel, the majority of which is sold as diesel fuel, and 3 to 4 gallons of jet fuel at U.S. refineries. The crude oil test and oil refinery processing determine the product ratio.
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if the lorenz curve becomes more outwardly bowed, i. then income inequality a) must have risen b) must have fallen c) could have risen or fallen d) must have remained the same. ii. then the number of families living in poverty a) must have risen. b) must have fallen. c) could have risen or fallen. d) must have remained the same
If the Lorenz curve becomes more outwardly bowed then income inequality could have risen or fallen.
What is the Lorenz curve?An illustration of income or wealth inequality on a graph is a Lorenz curve. According to income or wealth, the horizontal axis of the graph represents percentiles of the population. The Lorenz curve is a graph used in economics to show how wealth or income is distributed. Max O. Lorenz created it in 1905 to symbolise the unequal distribution of wealth. Because it enables economists to gauge and comprehend income or wealth inequality, the Lorenz curve is crucial. How income and wealth disparity varies over time in an economy is of interest to economists. They can compare the degree of economic disparity among other nations thanks to it as well.
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What should you do before giving contact information for your references to a potential employer? A. Notify references and get their permission. B. Write a follow-up letter. C. Research the company on its website. D. Introduce your references to each other. picor provided
the benefit to sellers of participating in a market is measured by the a. amount sellers receive for their product. b. sellers' willingness to sell. c. amount of taxes collected on sales of the good. d. producer surplus.
the benefit to sellers of participating in a market is measured by the producer surplus.
surplusA surplus is the amount of an asset or resource that exceeds its use. Many extra assets, like as income, earnings, capital, and products, are referred to as surpluses. a significantly bigger quantity than is required nimiety, excess, surplusage overabundance, superabundance, overabundance - an excess of anything; "four-year-olds have an overabundance of energy"; "we got an inundation of correspondence." an excess of something The plant possessed an abundance of components. The savings will result in a little more than $24 million surplus. The total difference continues to represent a trade deficit in products and a trade surplus in services.
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Which one of the following options is usually an appealing way to try to increase a company's ROE?
a. Issuing additional shares of stock and using the proceeds to retire long-term debt and short-term loans.
b. Taking aggressive actions to boost the company's retained earnings.
c. Not paying a dividend and using all available cash to pay down debt. Repurchasing shares of common stock.
d. Increasing the mpany's annual dividend by 10% or $0.25 per share, whichever is higher.
Taking aggressive actions to boost the company's retained earnings usually an appealing way to try to increase a company's ROE. Thus, option (b) is correct.
What is company's?The term "company" refers to legal entities that are lawfully registered under the Company Act. The company's major goal is to increase profits while maintaining goodwill. With the assistance of management, the organization was flawlessly run. Employees are compensated by the company.
The return on equity is an economic measure that reflects the influence of revenues on the company's equity stake. The proactive initiatives benefit the company's earnings. Issuing new shares, reducing long-term debt, not delivering dividends, repurchase shares, or boosting profits have not been shown to increase an industry's earnings per share.
Therefore, option (b) is correct.
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required: 2. how many shares of common stock are outstanding at year-end? 3. what is the total paid-in capital at year-end?
2. A company's share count is determined by deducting the number of shares held in treasury from the total number of shares issued. 3. The total paid-in capital at year-end is $40,000.
The sum of money a firm has raised via the sale of shares to investors is known as paid-in capital. Common stock, preferred stock, and additional paid-in capital are added as balance-sheet line items to determine paid-in capital. The paid-in capital can be determined very simply from a company's balance sheet. Stockholders' equity-retained earnings plus Treasury stock equals Paid-in capital, according to the calculation. Retained earnings are a source of assets acquired by a firm, similar to paid-in capital. Paid-in capital refers to the stockholders' actual investment, whereas retained earnings refers to the stockholders' investment made possible by earnings that have not yet been taken. Paid-in Capital: Capital that a corporation has obtained from sources aside than its regular business operations. The selling of the corporation's own ordinary and preferred stock is the most typical way to obtain paid-in capital.
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