Answer:
technology is too expensive
prior to the hershey-chase experiment, what were the two main candidates for the possible heredity molecule
proteins and nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) isolated from dead mice were the two main candidates for the possible heredity molecule prior to the hershey-chase experiment.
While biologists had known about DNA since 1869,[2] many scientists still assumed that proteins carried the information for inheritance at the time because DNA appeared to be an inert molecule, and because it was located in the nucleus, its role was thought to be phosphorus storage. Hershey and Chase demonstrated that when bacteriophages, which are made up of DNA and protein, infect bacteria, their DNA enters but most of their protein does not. Hershey and Chase's discoveries, as well as subsequent ones, all served to demonstrate that DNA is the hereditary material.
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Match the vocabulary word with the proper definition.
Definitions
_____ 1. provide a mechanical barrier at body openings
_____ 2. disease-causing agents
_____ 3. a type of white blood cell
_____ 4. living organisms that help protect the body
_____ 5. the most important mechanical barrier
_____ 6. a slimy substance that traps pathogens
_____ 7. the process in which leukocytes engulf pathogens
_____ 8. destroy pathogens on the outer body surface, at body openings, and on inner body linings
_____ 9. the first reaction of the body to tissue damage or infection
_____ 10. physically block pathogens from entering the body
_____ 11. protects the body from worms, germs, and other agents of harm
_____ 12. sweep mucus and pathogens toward body openings
Terms
a. biological barriers
b. chemical barriers
c. cilia
d. immune system
e. inflammatory response
f. leukocyte
g. mechanical barriers
h. mucous membrane
i. mucus
j. pathogens
k. phagocytosis
l. skin
Mucous membranes provides a mechanical barrier at body openings
Pathogens are disease-causing agents
Leukocyte is a type of white blood cell
Biological barriers are living organisms that help protect the body
Skin is the most important mechanical barrier
Mucus is a slimy substance that traps pathogens
Phagocytosis is the process in which leukocytes engulf pathogens
Chemical barriers destroy pathogens on the outer body surface, at body openings, and on inner body linings
Inflammatory response is the first reaction of the body to tissue damage or infection
Mechanical barriers physically block pathogens from entering the body
The immune system protects the body from worms, germs, and other agents of harm
Cilia sweep mucus and pathogens toward body openings
What are pathogens?An organism that infects its host with a disease is referred to as a pathogen, and the intensity of the disease symptoms is known as virulence.
The body fights infection by pathogens by means of the immune system. A cell of the immune system known as a leukocyte fights infection by pathogens by means of phagocytosis.
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According to the Ohno's hypothesis, what is the role of gene duplication in the process of evolution?
(This part I answered but I put it for context)
What evidence supports this hypothesis?
Select the four correct answers.
The existence of variable genes of heavy and light chains of immunoglobulins.
Duplication of the SRGAP2 gene in primates.
The existence of gene families.
There are genes encoding the digestive enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin.
There are genes encoding the respiratory molecules myoglobin and various forms of hemoglobin.
There are genes encoding the enzyme complexes of electron transport chain.
"Gene duplication has been vital to the genesis of new genes" is the answer that is accurate. The "2R hypothesis," where 2R stands for two repetitions, is another name for "Ohno's theory."
According to this notion, new genes are generated after two rounds of duplication. Part B
1. SRGAP2 gene duplication in primates.
Second, there are gene families.
3. Genes encode the enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain.
4. Genes encode the digestive enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin.
Ohno's idea is supported by these four points.
From parent to child, the essential genetic component was passed on. DNA sequences make up genes, which are arranged sequentially at certain locations on chromosomes in the cell nucleus.
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which order shows the levels of organization from largest to smallest?organism, organ system, cell, organ, tissueorganism, tissue, organ system, organ, cellorganism, organ, organ system, cell, tissueorganism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell
Answer: Organism, Organ system, Organ, Tissue, Cell
what does the sympathetic nervous system control? responses the mind-body connection the mind-body connection the secretion of dopamine the secretion of dopamine the fight-or-flight response the fight-or-flight response the release of endorphins
The sympathetic nervous system control the fight-or-flight response
What is sympathetic nervous system ?The sympathetic nervous system gets the body ready for the "fight or flight" reaction in the event of a threat. The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, prevents the body from overworking and returns it to a condition of calm and composure.
The pituitary and adrenal glands are stimulated by these hormones as a result of the sympathetic nervous system. Adrenaline, noradrenaline, and cortisol are among the catecholamines that are released as a result. This series of events causes an increase in respiration, blood pressure, and heart rate.
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Nuclear membrane is formed around the groups of daughter chromosomes during the telophase byA.Endoplasmic reticulumB.LysosomesC.Golgi apparatusD.Microbodies
The endoplasmic reticulum forms the nuclear membrane around the collections of daughter chromosomes during the telophase.
The cell's nucleus, which houses the chromosomes, is encased by the double-layered nuclear membrane. The nuclear membrane serves to keep the chromosomes apart from the cytoplasm and other components of the cell. Certain substances, including nucleic acids and proteins, can selectively flow between the nucleus and cytoplasm thanks to a variety of tiny holes or pores in the nuclear membrane.
Two bilayers of phospholipids make up the nuclear membrane. The outer nuclear membrane (ONM), which faces the cytoplasm, is known as such, and the inner nuclear membrane (INM), which faces the nucleoplasm. The ONM and Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are permanently connected, and both have ribosomes as surface decorations.
During cell division, a membrane remodeling process called nuclear membrane formation occurs around daughter chromosomes.
A tubular Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) network is where the nuclear membrane arises. DNA-binding proteins in the ER carry out the entire process. The endoplasmic reticulum is actively reshaped by chromatin during the development of the nuclear membrane.
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8) beyond providing energy as atp, what do catabolic pathways provide to anabolic pathways that enables them to build biomolecules?
Beyond providing energy as ATP, catabolic pathways provide to anabolic pathways diverse cofactors including NADH, NADP or FADH which enable to build new biomolecules.
What is the relative role of cofactors in anabolic pathways?The relative role of cofactors such as NADH in anabolic pathways is based on the requirement of these molecules for diverse cellular processes such as cellular respiration and thus the production of more ATP.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the relative role of cofactors such as NADH in anabolic pathways is based on the generation of new molecules of ATP.
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Give an example of how an animal could respond to the environment and change how it interacts with other animals. chapter 16 revcuew
Animals may engage in behaviors including hibernation, migration, defense, and courting in response to environmental cues. Some animals will hibernate as a response of the cold, winter weather (stimulus).
Hibernation, which is employed to conserve the body's food reserves, is a state of considerably reduced bodily activity. There are only three ways for animals to respond to climate change: they can move, adapt, or perish. In an effort to avoid the warming temperatures, many animals are travelling to higher altitudes and latitudes, but most species may not be able to outrun the changing environment in time. There are four primary types of two-way interactions between species in ecological webs: mutuality, commercialism, and competition.
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what term best describes the relationship of the bones in the forelimbs of penguins and seals, and what term best describes the flippers of penguins and seals?
(1) Homologous is the best describes the relationship of the bones in the forelimbs of penguins and seals.
(2) Analogous is the best describes the flippers of penguins and seals
Analogous organs have comparable functions, while homologous tissues share a similar embryonic origin. For instance, the bones in a human arm and a whale's front flipper are anatomically similar. The constructions here are not comparable. The wings of a butterfly and a bird are similar but not identical.
Analogous structures or analogous organs are any two structures or organs that have different structural characteristics but execute the same functions. Homologous organs are the opposite of similar organs. Organs that are structurally identical to one another but have diverse purposes are known as homologous organs.
The question is incomplete, it should be:
Both ancestral birds and ancestral mammals shared a common ancestor that was terrestrial. Today, penguins (which are birds) and seals (which are mammals) have forelimbs adapted for swimming. What term best describes the relationship of the bones in the forelimbs of penguins and seals, and what term best describes the flippers of penguins and seals?
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a cancer drug that prevents the shortening of microtubules would mostly affect which phase of mitosis? (1 point)
The drug would mostly affect the metaphase phase of mitosis, as microtubules are responsible for aligning the chromosomes along the metaphase plate.
Which stage of mitosis would be most impacted by a cancer medication that blocks microtubule shortening?Mitosis is the process of cell division in which the nucleus separates into two identical copies. During the process of mitosis, the cell goes through four different phases: Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, and Anaphase. Of these four phases, a cancer drug that prevents the shortening of microtubules would most likely affect the Anaphase phase.Microtubules are important components of the mitotic spindle, which is a structure that forms between the two sets of replicated chromosomes during Prophase. As the cell progresses to Anaphase, the microtubules shorten and pull the two sets of replicated chromosomes apart.A cancer drug that prevents the shortening of microtubules would therefore disrupt this process, preventing the chromosomes from separating. This could lead to a failure of the mitotic process, resulting in an abnormal number of chromosomes in the daughter cells.In summary, a cancer drug that prevents the shortening of microtubules would most likely affect the Anaphase phase of mitosis. This would prevent the replicated chromosomes from separating, leading to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the daughter cells.To learn more about microtubule stabilization refer to:
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what is an evolutionary adaptation? what is an evolutionary adaptation? the ability of an individual to adjust to its environment a trait that an individual wants so that it can survive a trait that improves the fitness of its bearer, compared with individuals without the trait a trait that changes in response to environmental influences within the individual's lifetime
The process by which organisms adapt to their surroundings in order to increase their chances of surviving in that environment is known as evolutionary development, or simply adaptation.
A quality that a person desires to develop to increase their fitness or their capacity to adapt to their environment is the ability to change in reaction to their environment over the course of their lifetime.
What does a basic adaptation entail?The process through which organisms adapt to their surroundings to increase the likelihood that they will survive there.
An organism is what?A type of life made up of interdependent elements that support different vital functions.
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how much would adding 21 nucleotide bases to the dna sequence at the center of a gene's intron extend the amino acid chain produced by that gene?
0 Amino acids would be extended by adding 21 nucleotide bases to the dna sequence at the center of a gene's intron.
Amino acids are chemicals that combine to form proteins. The building blocks of life are amino acids and proteins. When proteins are digested or degraded, amino acids are left behind.
The human frame makes use of amino acids to make proteins to assist the frame: Break down food.
Amino acids act to adjust a couple of procedures associated with gene expression, inclusive of modulation of the characteristic of the proteins that mediate messenger RNA (mRNA) translation.
The collection of amino acids determines every protein's precise three-dimensional shape and its particular characteristic. Amino acids are coded with the aid of using combos of 3 DNA constructing blocks (nucleotides), decided with the aid of using the collection of genes.
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Complete question:
Based on the material covered in the videos, how much would adding 21 nucleotide bases to the DNA sequence at the center of a gene's intron extend the amino acid chain produced by that gene?
A. 7 amino acids
B. 21 amino acids
C. 0 amino acids
D. 63 amino acids
Cancer consists of too muchO cell division.O apoptosis.O DNA replication.O toxin production.O translation.
Cancer consists of too much cell division. Mutated genes do not work properly as the instructions in their DNA gets mixed up. This causes cells that should be resting to divide and grow out of control, which leads to cancer.
What happens in cancer?Uncontrolled cell growth is cancer. Gene mutations can increase the pace of cell division or suppress natural mechanisms that keep the body in check, like cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death. A tumor can form as a collection of malignant cells enlarges.
Cancer cells frequently proliferate rapidly without having time to develop. The cells don't function correctly since they aren't fully developed. They also have a larger possibility of picking up more genetic errors because they divide more quickly than usual.
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In this assignment, you and your partners will design a plan for how a city can use a piece of land. You will begin by conducting Internet research on soil erosion. The information you collect should be recorded in the table provided on your Student Guide Worksheet. Then, you will read about a fictional city and how it would like to develop a piece of land. The city wants to use the land wisely so they can maintain the soil and increase biodiversity. Your background research on soil erosion will help you learn why soils are valuable, what human activities increase soil erosion, and what things can be done to sustain soils. With your partners, you will brainstorm a list of possible ways the city can develop this land. You will then evaluate each way based on how it will affect the environment, how much money is needed to develop the land and how the developed land will benefit the citizens of the city. Finally, you will create a presentation summarizing your ideas and present your design plan to the class.
The term "soil erosion" refers to the eroding of the topsoil, the fertile soil that is essential to life.
Numerous variables, such as the composition of the soil, the presence of plants, and the severity of wind and rain, affect the pace of soil erosion. We have the ability to address one of the biggest environmental problems facing the planet since our own actions can also affect how quickly soil erosion occurs.
Soil erosion is caused by human activity, mainly farming and clearing land. Overgrazing by livestock like sheep and cattle can also strip enormous tracts of land of the ground-covering vegetation that would otherwise keep the soil in place. Deforestation is another technique that has terrible effects on the health of the soil.
The amount and quality of soil ecosystems and arable land are both decreased by soil erosion (land that can be used to grow crops). According to scientists, half of all topsoil loss in the Midwest, which contains some of the most productive agriculture in the country, has taken place in the previous 50 years as a result of erosion that has been exacerbated by human activities.
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Answer:
Explanation:
What are some of the effects of soil loss? Fatal Effects of Soil Degradation
1. Land degradation Soil quality decline is one of the main causes of land degradation and is considered to be responsible for 84% of the ever-diminishing acreage. ...
2. Drought and aridity Drought and aridity are problems highly influenced and amplified by soil degradation. ...
3. Loss of arable land ...
4. Increased flooding ...
5. Pollution and clogging of waterways
What can be done to prevent soil erosion?
1.Use Soil-friendly Agricultural Practices Terraced farming needs to be implemented to make …
2.Offer Incentives for Land Management Although the science of sustainable land …
3.Prevention AND Rehabilitation
Brainstorm possible uses for the land.
1. Tiny Houses
2. Community Garden
3. Wildlife Preservation
4. Farming
5. Recreation
6. Education
6. Harvest Timber
7. Orchards
8. Raise livestock
10. Wind Energy
Top 3 ideas for maintaining soils and supporting biodiversity. Include a description of why this plan is good for the soil and how it promotes biodiversity.
1.) Adopting regenerative agriculture practices: Regenerative agriculture practices such as cover cropping, crop rotation, and reducing tillage can help maintain soil health and support biodiversity. These practices promote the growth of soil microorganisms, which are essential for plant growth and nutrient uptake, while also preventing soil erosion and reducing the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
2.) Planting diverse crops and creating habitats: Planting diverse crops such as companion plants and incorporating wildflower strips or hedgerows can support biodiversity by creating habitats for pollinators and other beneficial insects. Creating habitats can also help to prevent soil erosion and improve soil structure by promoting the growth of deep-rooted plants.
3.) Composting and reducing waste: Composting food and yard waste can help to maintain soil health by adding organic matter to the soil, improving soil structure, and increasing nutrient availability for plants. Composting can also reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills, which can contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental issues. By reducing waste and composting, we can support biodiversity by reducing the impact of human activity on the environment.
Top 3 ideas based upon affordability. Include a description of the general costs of this plan and why it is less expensive than others.
1. Raise livestock: The quantity and affordability gap calls for an expansion of production of all protein and nutrient-dense sources, including from animals such as meats, dairy, eggs, and fish, and at more affordable prices to the final consumer. Significant investments in livestock production systems are required, especially in lower-income countries.
2. Community Garden: Community gardens make affordable, fresh produce available to all. Creating a community garden is an excellent way to make sure that all community members have access to healthy fresh produce that’s affordable too. Some of your neighbors might not be able to afford and pay the high prices of organic fruits, veggies, and herbs.
3. Tiny Houses: Tiny homes can mean big costs, especially depending on where you live
When it comes to tiny home affordability, North Dakota, New Hampshire and New Jersey rank at the top.
• Nationally, the average cost of a tiny home is $52,000, 87% cheaper than the average price of a typical home.
• Buyers, however, are paying more per square foot on tiny homes, 62% more.
Top 3 ideas based upon benefits to the citizens of Diversitopia. Include a description of how you believe people would use the land.
1. Community Garden:
• Increase access to fresh foods
• Improve food security [1]
• Increase physical activity through garden maintenance activities
• Improve dietary habits through education
• Increase fruit and vegetable intake
2. Community Recreation Area:
• Stay Healthy Longer Community recreation centers offer many programs that benefit both the body and mind. ...
• Reduce Stress The benefits of sports complexes not only help the body, but they also create a less-stressed mind. ...
• Benefits to Families ...
• Reduce Crime Rates with Children ...
• Recreation Centers Increase Property Value ..
• 3. Wildlife Preservation
• 1. Promotes pollination and continuity of native plant species Small animals, particularly bees, insects, butterflies, and birds, play an important role in food production. ...
• 2. Medicinal value ...
• 3. Aesthetic benefits ...
• 4. It is fun and entertaining! ...
• 5. Preserves heritage and culture
Please answer my question quickly
Answer: rr
Explanation: Because when the first line is crossed with R and r, the result is Rr and rr respectively.
and on the second line the same happens
_____sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products.
A sizable, round sac bag called a vacuole is located in the cytoplasm. Water, food, waste, and other substances that the cell needs are kept there.
Certain protist, animal, bacterial, plant, and fungus cells all contain vacuoles, which are membrane-bound organelles. Vacuoles are water-filled chambers where both organic and inorganic molecules, including enzymes, are found. However, in some circumstances, vacuoles may also include solids that have been engulfed. Vacuoles are essentially just bigger versions of membrane vesicles because they are created by the fusing of many of them. The size and shape of the organelle are not fixed; instead, they change depending on the needs of the cell.
Vacuoles serve different purposes and have different biological significance depending on the type of cell they are found in. They are far more prominent in plant, fungal, and some protist cells than in animal and bacterial cells. The vacuole serves a variety of purposes, including:
1) Plant cells that contain water.
3) Retaining waste products.
2) Isolating substances that might be dangerous or a hazard to the cell.
4) Preserving an internally acidic pH.
5) The central vacuole's pressure enables plants to support structures like leaves and flowers.
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what bony landmark can be located by sliding off the acromion, inferiorly and laterally, approximately one inch
Bony landmark can be located by sliding off the acromion, inferiorly and laterally, approximately one inch is the coracoid process.
What is coracoid process?The coracoid process is a small, hooked bony structure that projects from the shoulder blade (scapula). It is located on the anterior (front) portion of the shoulder blade, near the top.
The coracoid process provides attachment points for certain muscles and ligaments of the shoulder. It also serves as an anchor point for the shoulder joint, allowing the shoulder to move in multiple directions. In addition, the coracoid process helps to stabilize the shoulder joint and prevent dislocation.
The coracoid process is also an attachment point for muscles that move the shoulder joint, including the pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and coracobrachialis muscles. It is important for activities such as throwing, reaching, and lifting.
Damage to the coracoid process, such as fracture or dislocation, can limit the range of motion of the shoulder joint and cause pain. Treatment for coracoid process injuries may include rest, physical therapy, and surgery.
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although both dominance and epistasis involve masking of gene expression, they are different from each other. what is the major difference?
Dominance occurs when one allele masks another at the same location, but epistasis occurs when one locus masks another.
The condition is called as "epistasis," and it occurs when the expression of one or more other genes changes (e.g., masks, inhibits, or suppresses) the expression of a certain gene. The pigmentation of mice is an example of epistasis.
The dominant allele of one gene masks the expression of all alleles of another gene in dominant epistasis, whereas recessive epistasis masks the expression of all alleles of another gene. This is the primary distinction between dominant and recessive epistasis.
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Connecting the Concepts: Carbon Cycling and Human Activities Can you place these terms in the appropriate categories? Drag each label into the correct bin to identify whether it represents a process involved in releasing carbon to the atmosphere, a process involved in taking up carbon into organisms (carbon uptake), or a carbon reservoir.
Carbon is the chemical backbone of life on Earth.
What is carbon cycling and human?Human activities have a tremendous impact on the carbon cycle. Burning fossil fuels, changing land use, and using limestone to make concrete all transfer significant quantities of carbon into the atmosphere.
Humans play a major role in the carbon cycle through activities such as the burning of fossil fuels or land development. As a result, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is rapidly rising; it is already considerably greater than at any time in the last 800,000 years.
Changes in the carbon cycle: Human causes
Human causes of changes in the carbon cycle.Combustion of fossil fuels.Land-use change.Farming practices. Deforestation.Burning fossil fuels, releasing chemicals into the atmosphere, reducing the amount of forest cover, and the rapid expansion of farming, development, and industrial activities are releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and changing the balance of the climate system.
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The next part of the application form describes a situation in which a student is
asking a peer coach for help with communication strategies to use in a particular
setting. The student is asking about a scenario in which someone underage is at a
party, is offered a bottle of beer, and does not want to drink it.
Conduct Your Own Research
Review Study 1. 4. 2: Communication Strategies, and then conduct research on
further communication strategies that could be used in this scenario.
1 List three different sources you used during your research
The three different sources we used during your research Website, Book, Journal article.
Communication is considered as the backbone of every organization. It enables the organization to exchange information between different parties and streamline the functioning of the organization.
This very process of sending and receiving data from one person to another, within and outside the business organization is called ‘Business Communication’. It is an exchange of business related views, ideas, opinions, etc between business related people.
Communication is an interactive process in which ideas, thoughts, opinions or messages are passed on by using signs, symbols and verbal and non-verbal expressions that are known to both sender and receiver. It requires more than two people.
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Biotechnology is changing the way we live. All of the following are now possibilities provided through biotechnology EXCEPT:
Answer:
Biotechnology is technology that utilizes biological system and etc. Biotechnology used to create novel diagnostics,vaccines,drugs and other medical countermeasures.
Explanation:
Without Biotechnology our life don't change. Because we get food,functions,techniques.So without Biotechnology this world can't walk.
homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during _____.
Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during Anaphase.
Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during Anaphase of Meiotic cell division. Anaphase is the third stage of meiosis and is divided into two sub-stages Anaphase I and Anaphase II. During Anaphase I, the homologous chromosomes, which are identical in shape and size but carry different genes, are pulled towards the opposite poles by the spindle fibers. This is done by the separation of the sister chromatids at the centromere. This separation ensure that each pole receives one complete set of chromosomes, one from each parent, thus ensuring that each of the resulting cells will have the correct number of chromosomes and the correct genetic information.
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what structure is formed by the invagination of the larynx into the anterior wall of the laryngopharynx?
The structure formed by the invagination of the larynx into the anterior wall of the laryngopharynx is the piriform recess.
The pharynx is a tube that lies behind the mouth and nasal passages and connects them to the trachea. The pharynx is divided into three parts namely the nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
The laryngopharynx is the part of the tube that sits below the throat near the larynx. The laryngopharynx regulates the entry of air into the lungs and regulates food and liquid entering the esophagus. At the bottom of the pharynx is the pyriform sinus or recess formed by the invagination of the larynx into the anterior wall of the laryngopharynx. Recess as a pair of side branches of the vocal tract.
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is familial hypercholesterolemia dominant or recessive
Familial hypercholesterolemia is acquired as an autosomal dominant characteristic, which implies that only one parent needs to pass on the defective gene for you to develop the condition.
A chromosomal 19 abnormality causes familial hypercholesterolemia. An autosomal dominant genetic condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia is caused by a mutation in the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene, which is more frequently the cause than the gene for its ligand, apolipoprotein B 100. (APOB).
LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9 gene mutations, which have an impact on how your body manages and eliminates cholesterol from your blood, can result in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). One of these three genes has been shown to be mutated in about 60–80% of individuals with FH.
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cortisol is a type of lipid hormone. which type of lipid would cortisol be classified as? view available hint(s)for part f cortisol is a type of lipid hormone. which type of lipid would cortisol be classified as? steroid phospholipid triglyceride
Yes, cortisol is a steroid hormone synthesized from cholesterol
What is cortisol ?In the group of hormones known as glucocorticoids, cortisol is a steroid hormone. It is referred to as hydrocortisone when it is taken as medicine. Numerous animals produce it, primarily the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland. Other tissues only create a small amount of it.
The main stress hormone, cortisol, raises blood sugar levels (glucose), improves how well your brain uses glucose, and increases the availability of compounds that help tissues heal. Additionally, cortisol suppresses bodily processes that would be unnecessary or dangerous in a fight-or-flight scenario.
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professor rhodus is lecturing about selective permeability of neurons. what would he tell the class?
As a professor discussing the selective permeability of neurons, Dr. Rhodus may provide the following information: Neurons are specialized cells that transmit electrical signals throughout the body. They have a selectively permeable membrane, meaning that only certain molecules can pass through it.
The selectively permeable membrane of neurons is composed of a lipid bilayer. The lipids in the bilayer are arranged in such a way that only certain molecules can pass through, while others are blocked.
The selectively permeable membrane of neurons is important for maintaining the electrical potential across the membrane, which is necessary for the transmission of electrical signals.
The selectively permeable membrane of neurons is selectively permeable to ions like sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and calcium (Ca2+). For example, the membrane allows more positively charged potassium ions to flow out of the cell than positively charged sodium ions to flow in, which helps to establish a charge difference across the membrane called the resting potential.
Certain proteins are embedded within the selectively permeable membrane, called ion channels, which can open or close to allow ions to pass through, creating the electrical impulses that travel along the axon. The selectively permeable membrane of neurons also plays a role in communication between neurons.
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What is the cause of biodiversity?
how do current changes in the atmosphere (human-made or natural) affect other systems?
The current changes in the atmosphere affects the survival of aquatic organisms negatively.
What are changes in the atmosphere?Changes in atmosphere has to do with the introduction of substances and components, in excess, that distorts the normal balance of natural elements found in the atmosphere.
This can be in the form of air pollution or water pollution or land pollution which could be initiated naturally or by the activities of man.
The release of harmful gases from factory or industries such as Carbon Monoxide, Lead, Nitrogen Oxides, Ozone, Particulate Matter, Sulfur Dioxide and other air pollutants can lead to increase in earth's temperature.
This affects the amount of oxygen available to both humans and the aquatic organisms leading to decrease in their survival rate.
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does passive transport move with the concentration gradient?
Yes, passive transport move with the concentration gradient.
The molecules travel against the concentration gradient in active transport, while they travel in the concentration gradient's direction in passive transport.
Passive membrane transfer is one of the most direct types. The movement is accomplished through passive transport, a naturally occurring phenomena that doesn't require the cell to expend any energy.
Substances travel by passive transfer from a high concentration area to a low concentration area. A concentration gradient is a pattern of different levels of one chemical present in physical space.
Small molecular weight compounds are transported across membranes passively by diffusion and osmosis. Areas of high concentration of substances permeate into areas of low concentration.
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In an experiment, DNA from the linear form of the bacteriophage Lambda was cut into fragments using the restriction enzyme Hind III. Restriction enzymes are isolated from bacteria and cut DNA in specific locations. Hind III cuts the Lambda DNA between the adenine nucleotides on the complimentary strands in a specific sequence, as indicated in the diagram, producing eight different size fragments. These fragments are then separated with an electrical current based on size after the DNA fragments are placed in a porous gel, a process called gel electrophoresis. Two strands of DNA. The first strand begins with 5 prime, has a cut site indicated, and continues A A G C T T, 3 prime. The complementary strand is aligned below and starts with 3 prime, T T C G, a cut site, A A, 5 prime. Select an observation that best describes a correct aspect of the two processes of restriction digest and gel electrophoresis:
The pattern of DNA bands on a gel will be distinctive of those cut by Hind III; various restriction enzymes will not create the same fragments.
What is restriction enzymes?An enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near restriction sites inside molecules is referred to as a restriction endonuclease, REase, ENase, or restrictase. A smaller group of the larger endonuclease enzyme family are the restriction enzymes. Other restriction enzymes won't produce the same fragments; only Hind III will produce the pattern of DNA bands on a gel. A restriction enzyme is a bacterial protein that cleaves DNA at specific locations in order to produce DNA fragments with a known sequence at either end. Restrictions enzymes are necessary for some laboratory procedures, including genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology.
Here,
The pattern of DNA bands on a gel will be unique to those cut by Hind III; other restriction enzymes will not produce the same fragments.
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