Which of the following quantities does the moment of inertia depend on (select all that apply)? The amount of mass M the object has The torque applied to the object The distribution of the object's mass relative the rotational axis The object and angular velocity L The object s angular acceleration

If a second sphere of radius 2r was created of the same material and with the same charge density, the strength of the electric field at the surface of the second sphere will be 2E.

A conducting sphere only has a charge on its surface, whereas a non-conducting sphere has a charge dispersed evenly throughout. This is the difference between the two types of spheres. The electric field produced by the two spheres will differ greatly for the same reason.

We know that electric field at the surface of a non-conducting sphere will be given by:

E = k*q/R^2

where q = Net charge on sphere = Volume charge density*Volume of sphere

q = \rho*(4*pi*R^3/3) = 4*pi*R^3*\rho/3

So,

E = k*(4/3)*pi*R^3*\rho/R^2

E = k*4*pi*R^3*\rho/(3*R^2)

E = k*4*pi*R*\rho/(3)

Since k = 1/(4*pi*e0), So

E = 4*pi*R*\rho/(3*4*pi*e0)

E = \rhoR/(3*e0)

So we can see that electric field is directly proportional to the radius of sphere.

Now If radius is doubled, then electric field will also be doubled. So

New strength of electric field = 2E

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That power increases. The sun's core can reach temperatures of 27 million degrees Fahrenheit. The convective zone, which is a sizable region, is where the energy moves outward.

What are wave amplitude and energy transport?

Transport of Energy and Wave Amplitude As was already explained, a wave is a phenomena that moves energy through a medium without moving any physical objects. When someone grips the first coil of a slinky and moves it back and forth, a pulse or wave is created.

What is the process of energy transfer in nature?

In nature, such just like in a coastal habitat, contains the details and transformations take place continuously. The sun's thermal radiation heats both the ground and the ocean.

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Convection is a type of heat transfer that occurs when a fluid is heated and the resulting buoyancy forces cause the heated fluid to move.

Buoyancy force is the upward force exerted on an object immersed in a liquid or gas, due to the pressure of the liquid or gas pushing up on it. It is also known as the Archimedes principle, named after the famous Greek mathematician and inventor, Archimedes of Syracuse.

In order to explain convection, we can use kinetic theory, which states that all matter is composed of particles that are in constant motion. When the fluid is heated, the particles that make up the fluid gain energy and move faster. This faster movement causes the particles to move further apart, resulting in an increase in pressure. This pressure difference causes the hotter, less dense particles to move upward, while the cooler, denser particles move downward. This movement of fluid particles is convection.

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The one reason why this graph demonstrates that the component being tested is a diode is because the high current depicted is in only one direction.

This is referred to as an electrical component that allows the flow of current in only one direction and it consists of specialized electronic component with two electrodes called the anode and the cathode.

From the graph, the current is in only one direction which is a major feature or characteristic of a diode and is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice in this scenario.

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The statement is False. The mass m used in the formula for weight, W = mg, refers to passive gravitational mass rather than inertial mass.

Objects accelerate due to imbalanced forces. However, not every item accelerates at the same rate in the presence of the same imbalanced force. A mass quantity called inertial mass determines the body's inertial resistance to acceleration when responding to all types of force.The gravitational force a body experiences while in the gravitational field, or g, is what determines its gravitational mass.

It is untrue that all forces acting on a cart going along a track with the x-axis perpendicular to the track must travel in the x direction. Because they might cancel each other out, the forces in the y direction.

It is true that the x-component of velocity must be positive if the cart is travelling along the positive x axis.

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Adding additional nickel-paper towel-penny layers to a voltaic pile will increase the voltage generated by the pile.

The difference in electric potential between two points is known as voltage, also referred to as electric pressure, electric tension, or potential difference. It relates to the amount of work required to move a test charge between two points in a static electric field.

Simply put, voltage also known as electromotive forceis the amount of energy in one charge. Voltage, then, is the variation in electric potential between two points.

The change in voltage will not be constant, but rather will increase as the number of layers increases. This is due to the fact that each additional layer increases the total surface area of the electrodes and the number of electron transfer reactions that can occur, leading to a greater overall voltage generated by the pile.

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Answer:

I hope my answer is good!

Kinetic energy: The increase in weight of the people would result in an increase in the kinetic energy of the roller coaster. As the roller coaster moves through the track, it gains kinetic energy as it goes downhill, and this energy would be greater if the people were heavier.

Potential energy: The increase in weight of the people would result in an increase in the potential energy of the roller coaster. As the roller coaster climbs uphill, it gains potential energy, and this energy would be greater if the people were heavier.

Friction: The increase in weight of the people would result in an increase in the friction between the roller coaster and the track. More weight would create more wear and tear on the track and would make the roller coaster ride less smooth.

Answer:

KE = (1/2)mv^(2) = (1/2)1500(7^(2)) = 36750J

Explanation:

To determine the kinetic energy of the car, we need to use the formula for kinetic energy. The formula is KE=(1/2)mv^(2) where m is the mass of the object (in kg) and v is the speed of the object (in meters per second, which is often written as (m/s)).

In the case we are looking at, our object is the car, the mass, m = 1500kg and the speed, v = 7m/s. Plugging these values into the formula for kinetic energy and using our calculator we get the following:

KE = (1/2)mv^(2) = (1/2)1500(7^(2)) = 36750J

The work done by the friction force is negative because it acts in the opposite direction of the motion. The net work done on the skateboarder is 80.0 J + (-265 J) = -185 J. The change in kinetic energy of the skateboarder is equal to the net work done on him, so the final kinetic energy is 1/2 * 57.5 kg * 6.20 m/s^2 = 1841.75 J.

Friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact. Friction force is caused by the interaction of the atoms and molecules on the surface of the two objects. Friction can be either static or kinetic. Static friction is the force that opposes to start motion between two surfaces that are in contact and kinetic friction is the force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are already moving relative to each other. The amount of friction depends on the materials that the two surfaces are made of and the force pressing the two surfaces together. The coefficient of friction is a number that is used to describe the amount of friction between two surfaces. A higher coefficient of friction means that there is more friction between the two surfaces.

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The magnitude of the sum of these four vectors is 14.42 m.

The magnitude of the sum of the vectors is calculated as follows.

v = √ (vx² + vy² )

where;

The sum of the horizontal component of the vector is calculated as follows;

vx = A cos (30 ) + B cos ( 90 ) - C cos ( 30 ) + D cos ( 90 )

vx = 10 cos ( 30 ) + 8 cos ( 90 ) - 6 cos (30) + 2 cos ( 90 )

vx = 8.66 + 0 - 5.2 + 0

vx = 3.46 m

The sum of the vertical component of the vector is calculated as follows;

vy = A sin (30 ) + B sin ( 90 ) + C sin ( 30 ) - D sin ( 90 )

vy = 10 sin ( 30 ) + 8 sin ( 90 ) + 6 sin (30) - 2 sin ( 90 )

vy = 5 + 8 + 3  - 2

vy = 14 m

The resultant of the vectors is calculated as;

v = √ ( 3.46² + 14² )

v = 14.42 m

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Answer: Protostar.

Explanation: What is nebula?

A nebula is a giant cloud of dust and gas in space. Some nebulae (more than one nebula) come from gas and dust ejected by the explosion of a dying star, such as a supernova. Other nebulae are regions where new stars are beginning to form

A protostar forms in the center of the nebula. About 4.5 billion years ago, chunks of rock and ice accumulated more material until they grew into planets and moons.

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Decreasing the mass of both the block and the pendulum bob could make the two systems oscillate with the same period. Thus, the correct option C.

The weight at the end of a pendulum, known as a "bob," is most frequently but not always used in pendulum clocks. Despite the fact that a pendulum can theoretically take on any shape and consist of any rigid object that swings on a pivot, clock pendulums are typically constructed with a weight or bob fastened to the bottom end of a rod and a pivot at the top to allow it to swing.

The benefit of this design is that the centre of mass is situated farthest from the pivot, near the actual end of the pendulum. The length of the pendulum needed for a specific period is reduced, and the moment of inertia is maximised. In addition to reducing the air resistance of the pendulum, shorter pendulums enable smaller clock cases.

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Full question:

Which of the following changes could make the two systems oscillate with the same period?

a) increase the mass of the pendulum bob

b) increasing the angle through which the pendulum swings by a small amount

c) decreasing the mass of both the block and the pendulum bob

d) shortening the pendulum

The average force exerted on the train is approximately 4,275,000 N.

The force is calculated by using the formula force = mass x acceleration. In this case, the mass of the train is known (4500 kg) and the acceleration can be calculated by using the final velocity (50 m/s) and distance traveled (80 meters).

To calculate the average force exerted on the train, we need to use the equation:

force = mass x acceleration

The acceleration of the train can be calculated by using the final velocity and distance traveled, which are 50 m/s and 80 meters respectively.

acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time

time = distance / final velocity

So, we can substitute the values in the equation and calculate the average force exerted on the train.

force = 4500 kg x (50 m/s - 0 m/s) / (80 m / 50 m/s)

It is important to note that the above calculations are based on assumptions that the train had no initial velocity and that there was no other forces acting on the train, and that the given distance is the distance of the ride.

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The magnitude of their mutual electrostatic force changes by factor n. The square of the distance is negatively correlated with both forces, as can be observed. In both instances, the factor is therefore the same.

Two charges positioned apart are subject to the electrostatic force. The size of each charge and the separation between them determine how much electrostatic force there will be. When two charges of the same type are brought together, whether positive or negative, they repel one another.

Positive and negative charges can affect one another, as we are aware. The magnitude of the electrostatic force, however, serves as a gauge for this interaction's strength. The magnitude of the electric charges as well as their separation from one another are what generate this force.

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When an object is placed farther from a convex mirror than the focal length, the image is smaller and virtual.

The image produced by a convex mirror is always virtual, and located behind the mirror. When the object is far away from the mirror the image is upright and located at the focal point. As the object approaches the mirror the image also approaches the mirror and grows until its height equals that of the object. A convex mirror always creates a virtual image which is diminished. So, magnification produced by convex mirror is always less than one. So, When an object is placed farther from a convex mirror than the focal length, the image is smaller and virtual.

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Answer: a 165 kg roller coaster car has 691,600 J of gravitational potential energy when it is at the top of a hill 42 meters above the ground.

Explanation:

Gravitational potential energy (GPE) is the energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field. The formula for GPE is GPE = mgh, where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height above a reference point.

Given that the mass of the roller coaster car is 165 kg and it's at the top of a hill 42 meters above the ground, we can substitute these values into the formula:

GPE = 165 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 * 42 m

GPE = 691,600 J (joules)

So a 165 kg roller coaster car has 691,600 J of gravitational potential energy when it is at the top of a hill 42 meters above the ground.

The magnitude of the change in momentum of the puck is 5 kg m/s.

The concept of momentum is "mass in motion." Because every item has mass, when it is moving, it has to have momentum since its mass has been in motion. The amount of motion and the speed of a motion are the two factors that influence how much momentum an item generates.

the solution is -

Let us assume that the direction away from hockey stick be +x axis(that is +î) and towards hockey stick be -ve x-axis(that is -î).

The puck's initial speed is then Vi = -6.4 î m/s ( that is towards hockey stick)

Final velocity of the puck, Vf = + 3.6 î m/s ( that is away from the hockey stick)

puck's mass , m = 0.5 kg

Time of contact of puck with hockey stick = Time required in change in momentum of puck to take place,∆T= 0.05 s

Initial momentum, Pi = m × Vi = 0.5 × -6.4 î kg m/s =-3.2 î kg m/s

Final momentum, Pf = m × Vf = 0.5 × + 3.6 î kg m/s= +1.8 î kg m/s

Change in momentum = ∆P= Pf - Pi =+1.8 î -(-3.2 î) kg m/s = + 5 î kg m/s

Therefore, the magnitude of change in momentum = 5 kg m/s.

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The 1.12 times greater moon appear in our sky when it is closest to earth as compared to when it is farthest.

The Moon is typically 384,400 kilometers (238,855 miles) distant. Thus, the Earth and the Moon could fit 30 planets the size of Earth. With each passing year, the Moon is steadily displacing Earth by around an inch.

The distance that light travels in a light-year is one year. At 186,000 miles (300,000 kilometers) per second and 5.88 trillion miles (9.46 trillion kilometers) per year, light travels through interstellar space.

This time frame presents a challenge because it makes space exploration very slow. Even if we boarded the 5 miles per second space shuttle Discovery, it would still take us nearly 37,200 years to travel one light-year.

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The source of a sound wave has a power of 1.00 mw. if it is a point source, below calculations are based on an ideal point source, which is a theoretical concept that describes a point in space from in an isotropic way(uniform) .

A) The intensity of a sound wave at a distance r from a point source is given by the formula I = P / (4πr^2), where P is the power of the source and r is the distance from the source. So, at a distance of 3.00 m from the source, the intensity would be I = 1.00 mW / (4π(3.00 m)^2) = 0.079 mW/m^2.

B) The sound level in decibels (dB) at a distance of 3.00 m from the source can be calculated using the formula:

L = 10 log(I / I_o)

So, L = 10 log(0.079mW/m^2 / 10^-12 W/m^2) = 70.5 dB

C) when two identical sound sources are located equidistant from a listener, the sound level increases by 3 dB. So, the sound level at your location when both sources play would be 70.5 dB + 3 dB = 73.5 dB

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After 1.0 x 10¹² electrons are added to sphere A, the charge of sphere A will be -1.0 x 10¹² Coulombs (C).Since the two spheres were in contact and both were initially neutral, when 1.0 x 10¹² electrons are added to sphere A, an equal number of electrons will be transferred to sphere B. Therefore, the charge of sphere B will be 1.0 x 10¹² Coulombs (C).

When two neutral metal spheres are in contact, electrons can flow freely between them until they reach a state of equilibrium, meaning that there is no net flow of electrons between the spheres.

In the given scenario, 1.0 x 10¹² electrons are added to sphere A. According to the conservation of charge, the net charge of a closed system must remain constant. Therefore, since electrons have been added to sphere A, an equal number of electrons must be removed from sphere A in order to maintain a neutral charge.

In this case, since the two spheres are in contact, the electrons that are removed from sphere A will flow to sphere B. Therefore, sphere B will gain 1.0 x 10¹² electrons, and sphere A will lose 1.0 x 10¹² electrons. This means that sphere A will now have a charge of -1.0 x 10¹² Coulombs (C) and sphere B will have a charge of 1.0 x 10¹² Coulombs (C).

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Excited electrons that revert to the ground state result in atomic emission spectra. The energy of the individual electrons are reflected in the light that they emit.

The electron, the smallest constituent part of an atom, has a repulsive force. Protons and electrons both occur in equal numbers in neutral atoms. One electron so one proton are all that the hydrogen atom has. On the opposite hand, the uranium atom possesses 92 protons, which means 92 electrons.

A proton and other positive-charged particles are attracted to an electron's electric field, while a particle with an opposite electrode is attracted to it.

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an object with an initial velocity of 2.0 m/s and a constant acceleration of 3.0 m/s 2. The velocity of the object after 4 seconds is 14 m/sec.

Velocity after time t

Vf = Vi +  at

Vf = 2 +(3×4) =14 m/sec

So velocity after time t= 4 sec

Vf = 14 m/sec

Velocity is a measure of how fast and in which direction a point is moving. A point always moves in a direction that is tangent to its path; for example, a circular path's direction at any instant is perpendicular to a line connecting the point to the circle's centre (a radius). The magnitude of the velocity (or speed) is the rate at which the point moves along its path in time.

If a point moves a certain distance along its path in a given time interval, its average speed is equal to the distance moved divided by the time taken. A train that travels 100 kilometres in two hours, for example, has an average speed of 50 kilometres per hour.

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If there was friction between both the sphere and indeed the floor, the angular speed of the sphere would alter and rise until the sliding stopped. The appropriate choice, then, is C.

Friction occurs when something slides over or rolls above another solid object. Despite the fact that friction force has its benefits, such as providing the traction necessary to move while slipping, it also poses a significant amount of impediment to motion.

The force of attraction, also known as adhesive, between the contact surfaces of the areas of skin, which are constantly microscopically uneven, appear to be the main contributors to friction between alloys. As a result of the rough surface's flaws

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The force witnessed by the surface would be force = number of balls × mass of each ball × velocity of each ball

The force witnessed by the surface when small balls hit it elastically can be calculated by using the principle of momentum transfer. The force is equal to the rate at which momentum is transferred to the surface. Since the balls are hitting the surface elastically, this means that the balls will rebound with the same velocity that they hit the surface.

Therefore, the force witnessed by the surface can be calculated by multiplying the number of small balls, mass of each small ball and the velocity of each small ball, by the equation:

force = number of balls × mass of each ball × velocity of each ball.

This equation assumes that all balls are identical and hit the surface at the same velocity.

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At the location marked by the red line, the total internal loading is -4 kN of shear force and 8 kNm of the moment.

The internal loading due to the support at the wall can be determined using the equation for the shear force (V) and the moment (M) at any point along the beam:

V = -wL/2 = -4*6/2 = -12 kN

M = 0 kNm

Next, we will determine the internal loading due to the uniform distributed load. The shear force (V) and the moment (M) at any point along the beam due to the uniform distributed load can be determined using the following equations:

V = wx = 42 = 8 kN

M = (wx)(x/2) = (42)(2/2) = 8 kNm

Finally, we will add the internal loading due to the support at the wall and the uniform distributed load to find the total internal loading at the location marked by the red line:

V_total = V_support + V_load = -12 + 8 = -4 kN

M_total = M_support + M_load = 0 + 8 = 8 kNm

So at the location marked by the red line, the total internal loading is -4 kN of shear force and 8 kNm of moment.

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The complete question is:

A horizontal beam of length L = 6 m is supported by a wall at one end and a uniform distributed load of w = 4 kN/m is applied to the beam along its entire length. The internal loading at the location marked by the red line, which is located at a distance x = 2 m from the left end of the beam, needs to be determined.

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The mass of the car is 1577.5 kg, when the mass of truck is 1710 kg.

To determine an object's mass on Earth, we weigh it. Things will weigh more as there is more matter present. Though not always, the relationship between something's mass and size is frequently present. Even if a balloon is inflated to be larger than your head, it will still contain less matter and have a lower mass.

Weight is distinct from mass in that it is determined by the gravitational pull on an object. On Earth, gravity pulls two different objects in the same direction, so the one with more mass will weigh more if we compare them side by side. However, since gravity has a very weak pull in space, nothing can have much weight.

Law of conservation of momentum:

m₁u₁ + m₂u₂ =m₁v₁ + m₂v₂

Here,

m₁ =  1710 kg

m₂ = mass of car

u₁ = 10.1 m/s

u₂ = 15.5 m/s

v₁ =  3.55 m/s

v₂ = 22.6 m/s

Putting the values in formula

1710·10.1 + m₂·15.5 = 1710·3.55  + m₂·22.6

17271 + m₂·15.5 = 6070.5 + m₂·22.6

17271 - 6070.5  =  m₂·22.6 - m₂·15.5

11200.5  =  m₂(22.6 - 15.5)

m₂(7.1) = 11200.5  

m₂ = 11200.5/7.1

m₂ = 1577.5

Thus, The mass of the car is 1577.5 kg, when the mass of truck is 1710 kg.

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If force equals mass times acceleration, the objects dropped from greater heights have more impact.

From Newton's second law, we know, F = m a ---(1)

The pace at which velocity changes is what is meant by acceleration.

Mathematically, a = v/t ---(2)

Substituting (2) in (1), we have,

F = m a = m × v / t

From the equations of kinematics, we know,

v² - u² = 2 a s ---(3)

If a body is dropped from greater height, its initial velocity is zero, u = 0.

Putting in (3), we have,

v² - 0 = 2 a h

where, h is the dropped height

So, v² = 2 a h

v = √(2 a h)

v is the final velocity with which it touches the ground

As the height increases, velocity also increases.

Thus, the objects dropped from greater height have more impact.

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A pipe that is open on both ends has a fundamental frequency of 584 Hz. There are 252451 meters in the Pipe.

The frequency of oscillatory and granular phenomenon, such as mechanical energy, speech recordings (sound), radiofrequency, and light, is a major variable in engineering and sciences.

The proportion of times every second that even a sound level wave repeats itself is known as frequency, often known as pitch. A bullfrog cry is significantly lower in speed than a whistle, while a cricket was so much lower in frequency than a drumbeat.

λ=c/ν

where λ = frequency,

λ= c/ν

= 2l

l = 252451m

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The acceleration in this case will be (10-0)/0.52 = 19.23 m/s2 and the force exerted by the seatbelt will be 70 kg x 19.23 m/s2 = 1355.1 N.

Acceleration is the rate of change of an object's velocity over time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both direction and magnitude. It is typically measured in meters per second squared (m/s2). Acceleration can result from an increase in speed, a change in direction, or a combination of both. It is one of the fundamental concepts of physics and is used to describe the motion of objects in various conditions.

Assuming that the car and the passenger are in a perfectly inelastic collision, the force the seatbelt exerts on the passenger to bring him to a halt is calculated using the equation Force = Mass x Acceleration, where acceleration is calculated using the equation Acceleration = Change in Velocity/Time. In this case, the acceleration is (10-0)/0.26 = 38.46 m/s2, so the force exerted by the seatbelt is 70 kg x 38.46 m/s2 = 2711.2 N.

The answer to this question will be different if the car with the 70-kg passenger collided with a car that has a mass equal to and is traveling in the opposite direction and at the same speed. This is because the two cars will collide and then move away from each other at the same speed, and the passenger will experience a longer time to come to a halt. The time taken to come to a halt in this case will be twice the time taken for the car to come to a halt, i.e. 0.26 x 2 = 0.52 s. Therefore, the acceleration in this case will be (10-0)/0.52 = 19.23 m/s2 and the force exerted by the seatbelt will be 70 kg x 19.23 m/s2 = 1355.1 N.

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The force the seatbelt exerts on a passenger in the car to bring him to a halt. The mass of the passenger is 70 kg is -2640 N.

Mass is a scalar quantity that describes the amount of matter in an object. It is typically measured in units of grams (g) or kilograms (kg). The mass of an object does not change with its location or the presence of a gravitational field, unlike weight, which does change.

The force the seatbelt exerts on a passenger in the car to bring him to a halt can be calculated using the formula:

F = m ₓ a

where F is the force, m is the mass of the passenger, and a is the acceleration of the passenger during the collision. The acceleration of the passenger can be calculated using the formula:

a = Δv / t

where Δv is the change in velocity of the passenger and t is the time it takes for the passenger to come to a stop.

Given that the car is moving at 10 m/s and stops in 0.26 s, the change in velocity of the passenger is -10 m/s (because the velocity changes from positive to zero) and the time it takes for the passenger to come to a stop is 0.26 s.

So:

a =  [tex]\frac{-10 m/s }{0.26 s}[/tex] = -38.46 m/s²

Substituting the mass of the passenger which is 70 kg and the acceleration, we get:

F = 70 kg ₓ -38.46 m/s² = -2640 N

The force exerted on the passenger would be -2640 N, which is directed towards the opposite direction of the car's motion, this force is the force exerted by the seatbelt on the passenger's chest.

If the car with the 70-kg passenger had collided with a car that has a mass equal to and is traveling in the opposite direction and at the same speed, the force the seatbelt exerts on the passenger would be the same. The force exerted on the passenger is dependent on the mass of the passenger and the acceleration experienced during the collision, not on the mass or velocity of the object the car collided with.

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The greatest change in kinetic energy of the ball will be between Position 1 and Position 2.

Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion. It is the energy an object has as a result of its mass and velocity. Kinetic energy is measured in units of joules (J). Kinetic energy is one of the two main forms of energy, the other being potential energy. Kinetic energy can be converted into other forms of energy such as thermal energy and potential energy.

Kinetic energy is transferable and can be used to do work, such as in a car engine. Kinetic energy can also be converted into heat, sound, and light. Kinetic energy increases as the velocity of an object increases. As an object’s velocity increases, its kinetic energy also increases. The kinetic energy of an object is also affected by its mass. The greater the mass of an object, the greater its kinetic energy.

Gravitational potential energy

W = mgh

The height and gravity in Position 1 is greatest

So from 1 to 2 the outcome will be greatest too

Thus, The greatest change in kinetic energy of the ball will be between Position 1 and Position 2.

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Complete Question:

A ball is suspended by a lightweight string, as shown in the figure above. The ball is displaced to position 1 and released. The four labeled positions are evenly spaced along the arc of the ball’s motion. Between which adjacent pairs of positions is the change in potential energy of the ball greatest?
A. Position 1 and Position 2
B. Position 2 and Position 3
C. Position 3 and Position 4
D. The change is the same for all adjacent pairs