The answer is A produces a decrease in the entropy of the system
A) we know that entropy is the measure of randomness. if randomness increases entropy also increases.
entropy order of substances : solid < liquid < gas
here conversion of liquid to solid means randomness decreases . so that entropy decreases
B) [tex]liquid \rightarrow gas\: conversion[/tex] . so entropy is increases
C) dissolution of LiOH. that means LiOH molecules distributed more randomly in the solution so more disorder and more entropy
D) ice melting means : solid to liquid so entropy also increases
E) gas mixing means more disturbed in the gases more disturb will leads to more randomness and more entropy
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explain why the product had a higher mass than the reactant, and how this relates to conservation of matter
The process that was used in this lab to create magnesium oxide by using oxidation type of reaction and it relates to conservation of matter
Do products have a higher mass than reactants?The total mass of reactants and products in a chemical reaction must equal one another, according to the law of conservation of mass.
1. The method used in the laboratory to produce MgO
According to the following equation, Mg is weighed in a crucible and heated in air that strongly reacts with O₂ to produce MgO:
1/2O₂ + Mg + = MgO
and the growth in the mass of magnesium in the crucible supports this.
2. The kind of chemical reaction that occurred:
Since the magnesium gained O and was oxidized to MgO, it is thought to be an oxidation reaction.
3. The following explains why the product was heavier than the reactant:
The product had a higher mass due to the gain of O atom over the reactant Mg because the reactant (Mg) bonded to O and formed MgO.
4. In relation to the conversation of matter:
According to the law of conversation of matter, matter can be changed from one form to another but cannot be destroyed or created from nothing.
Here, Mg and O2 changed into MgO, fixing the presence of matter and the conversation of mass.
If we have 1.0 mole of magnesium, it will react with 0.5 mole of oxygen to form 1.0 mole of magnesium oxide.
The Mg mass is = n x molar mass of Mg
The Mg mass is= (1.0 mole) (24.30 g/mol)
The Mg mass is = 24.3 g.
The mass of O₂ is = n x molar mass of O₂
The mass of O₂ is= (0.5 mole) (32.00 g/mole)
The mass of O₂ is = 16.0 g.
The MgO mass is = n x molar mass of MgO
The MgO mass is = (1.0 mole) (40.30 g/mol)
The MgO mass is = 40.3 g/mol.
The reactants mass is = The mass of Mg + The mass of O₂
The reactants mass is = 24.3 g + 16.0 g = 40.3 g.
The products mass is = The mass of MgO = 40.3 g.
∴ The mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products.
Therefore, there is a conservation of matter.
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Complete question is " Describe the process that was used in this lab to create magnesium oxide, specifically identifying the type of chemical reaction. Explain why the product had a higher mass than the reactant, and how this relates to conservation of matter".
what is the result of a closed-loop control system with a fluoride analyzer incorrectly indicating low fluoride levels?
The fluoride metering system uses online detection of the fluoride concentration to monitor fluoride metering systems in waterworks.
Describe the fluoride meter.With an electrode sensor, the Extech FL700 Fluoride Meter can read total fluoride ions in water samples straight from 9.99 ppm or mg/L down to 0.1 ppm with automated temperature compensation (10 degrees C of calibration temperature) in less than a minute.
How does a selective fluoride ion electrode function?An inner reference electrode and a membrane serve as the interface between the ion-selective electrode (ISE) and the sample solution in most cases. Depending on the variation in an individual ion's activity on each side of the membrane, a potential forms across it
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A sealed flask contains
3.6 atm H2 gas and
1.8 atm O2 gas.
What is the total pressure in the
flask in atm?
The total pressure in the flask in atm would be 6.4 atm.
Law of partial pressure of gasesThe law guiding the pressure of a mixture of gases was formulated by Dalton. It is known as dalton's law of partial pressure of gases. According to this law, the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases in a container is the sum of the individual partial pressure of the gases.
The law can be mathematically expressed as:
[tex]P_{total}[/tex] = [tex]P_1 + p_2 + ...... P_n[/tex]
Where P is the partial pressure of the individual gases.
In this case, [tex]P_H_2[/tex] = 3.6 atm and [tex]P_O_2[/tex] = 1.8 atm
[tex]P_{total}[/tex] = 3.6 + 2.8
= 6.4 atm
In other words, the total pressure in the sealed container would be 6.4 atm.
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Answer:
5.4 is the correct answer
given the equation representing a reaction: 2h2(g) 2no(g) -> n2(g). what is the mass of n2(g) produced when 1.0 gram of h2(g) completely reactics with 15.0 grams of n0
the masses expect for nitrogen gas. Let's say x is the mass of nitrogen gas.
X=7g reaction of given the equation representing .
What is nitrogen used for?Nitrogen is important to the chemical industry. It is used to make fertilisers, nitric acid, nylon, dyes and explosives. To make these products, nitrogen must first be reacted with hydrogen to produce ammonia. This is done by the Haber process.
Is nitrogen harmful to humans?Every year people are killed by breathing “air” that contains too little oxygen. Because 78 percent of the air we breathe is nitrogen gas, many people assume that nitrogen is not harmful. However, nitrogen is safe to breathe only when mixed with the appropriate amount of oxygen.
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The carbonyl group of an aldehyde or ketone may be reduced via several different methods. Select all viable methods for aldehyde/ketone reduction. Of the reduction methods, which one would be best performed under acidic conditions?
A carbonyl group of a ketone or an aldehyde can be reduced using a variety of techniques; however, the Clemens technique is indeed the one reduction technique that would work best in an acidic environment.
What is meant by carbonyl group?A carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom to form the chemically organic functional group known as a carbonyl group ([C=O]). Aldehydes and ketones are the most basic carbonyl groups, and they are typically joined to another carbon molecule. Numerous aromatic chemicals that affect taste and smell contain these structures. In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group having the formula C=O. It is divalent at the carbon atom and is made up of two carbon atoms double-bonded to one oxygen atom. It occurs often in many different kinds of chemical compounds and is a component of numerous larger functional groups.
What is the structure of carbonyl?Members of the "C=O" carbonyl group are carbonyl compounds, or "X-C=O" compounds. To create carboxylic acid molecules, a carbonyl group is joined to an oxygen atom on one side. Anhydrides, esters, and other derivatives belong to this class.
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Which set shows the physical states of water, H2O, in order according to the increasing energy of particle motion
Hydrogen and oxygen are elements and make up the chemical molecule water. Reverse chemistry, in general, decomposes substances into their constituent parts. As an illustration, the process of electrolysis allows the complex water to be broken down into the components hydrogen and oxygen.
What is chemical molecule ?Chemists investigate the chemical, physical, and physical characteristics of matter. Anything that takes up space and has mass is considered to be matter, which is what they are made of. Like peanuts, people, and postage stamps, gold and iridium are all examples of matter. Matter includes pollution, smoke, and hysteria. However, matter does not exist in energy, light, or sound, and neither do concepts or feelings.The amount of matter that makes up an object's mass. It is important to distinguish between an object's mass and weight since weight is a force brought on by the object's gravitational pull. Unaffected by an object's position, mass is one of its fundamental properties.In terms of physics, the force needed to change the speed or direction of an item is directly inversely related to its mass. Essential Skill 1 includes a more thorough explanation of the distinctions between weight and mass, as well as the units used to measure them (Section 1.9). Contrarily, an object's weight changes according to its location. Because the gravitational pull of the moon is around one-sixth as strong as that of Earth, an astronaut with a mass of 95 kg only weights about 35 lb there instead of 210 lb there. Weight and mass are frequently used interchangeably in laboratories for practical purposes.To Learn more About chemical molecule refer To:
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Classify each of these compounds as an Arrhenius acid, an Arrhenius base, or neither.
NaOH, NaCl, AgOH, HClO, Ca(OH)2, H3PO4, HF, HBr, Zn(OH)2, CH4
[tex]\rm NaOH[/tex], [tex]\rm AgOH[/tex], [tex]\rm Ca(OH)_2[/tex], [tex]\rm Zn(OH)_2[/tex] are Arrhenius bases, [tex]\rm HClO[/tex], [tex]\rm H_3PO_4[/tex], HF, HBr are Arrhenius acids and NaCl, [tex]\rm CH_4[/tex] are Neither.
When dissolved in water, an acid is a chemical that raises the concentration of hydrogen ions. Acids often taste sour, can turn blue litmus paper red, and can release hydrogen gas when they react with certain metals. A base, sometimes referred to as an alkali, is a chemical that raises the level of hydroxide ions in water when it is dissolved in it. When dissolved in water, an Arrhenius base raises the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution. When dissolved in water, an Arrhenius acid is a chemical that raises the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. Neither Arrhenius acids nor bases are substances that do not split into ions when dissolved in water.
Arrhenius bases: [tex]\rm NaOH, AgOH, Ca(OH)_2, Zn(OH)_2[/tex]
Arrhenius acids:[tex]\rm HClO, H_3PO_4, HF, HBr[/tex]
Neither: [tex]\rm NaCl, CH_4[/tex]
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determine the mass of magnesium needed to replace a given mass of hydrogen from an acid balanced equation
24 g of Magnesium is required to displace H₂ gas from two moles of HCl
A chemical equation is said to be balanced when the number of atoms of all elements on both the reactant and product side of the equation is equal
It follows the the law of conservation of mass.
Let us take the example of balanced equation for magnesium and hydrochloric acid:
The reaction between Magnesium (Mg) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is given as:
Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid → Magnesium chloride + hydrogen gas
symbollically,
Mg(S) +HCl(aq) → MgCl₂ (aq) +H₂(g)
Now, we will count the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the reaction.
element reactant side product side
Mg 1 1
H 1 2
Cl 1 2
Now to balance the number of atoms of H and Cl, we will put 2 before HCl on the reactant side.
Thus, the balanced equation becomes:
Mg(S) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂ (aq) +H₂(g)
1 mole of Magnesium is required to displace H₂ gas from two moles of HCl .
mass of 1 mole of magnesium is 24 g.
Thus, 24 g of Magnesium is required to displace H₂ gas from two moles of HCl .
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considering both the effect of volume and the effect of intermolecular forces, how would the deviation from the ideal behavior of a gas change when the gas is at a higher temperature
I'm choosing a value of 298 K, a volume of 1 liter, and 2 and 4 particles to compare the effects of volume and intermolecular forces in this specific scenario, which will be larger than what the ideal gas law predicts.
How do intermolecular forces differ depending on volume?
The intermolecular distances between gaseous molecules are generally large at low pressures, but as the gas pressure rises, they get less and less (Figure 5.10. 3). As a result, its volume taken up by the molecules rises much over the container's volume.
Why does the ideal gas rule break out at high pressures for gases?
It is assumed that the molecules in an ideal gas have no gravitational pull on one another and take up no space. However, real molecules do have limiting volumes and are attracted to one another. Therefore, under high pressures, a gas behaves differently than it should because of the attraction between its molecules.
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How many grams of CH4 is needed to produce 44.2 g CHCl3?
The amount, in grams, of [tex]CH_4[/tex] needed to produce 44.2 g of [tex]CHCl_3[/tex] would be 5.93 grams.
Stoichiometric problemChloroform, [tex]CHCl_3[/tex], is formed from the reaction of methane with chlorine according to the following chemical equation:
[tex]CH_4+3Cl_2 --- > CH_3Cl +3HCl[/tex]
From the equation, the mole ratio of methane to chloroform is 1:1.
Given 44.2 g of [tex]CHCl_3[/tex], the equivalent mole would be:
Mole = mass/molar mass = 44.2/119.38 = 0.37 moles
From the mole ratio established from the balanced equation of the reaction, the equivalent mole of methane, [tex]CH_4[/tex], needed will also be 0.37 moles.
Now, let's convert the mole to mass.
Mass = mole x molar mass
The molar mass of methane is 16.04 g/mol
Mass of 0.37 moles of methane = 0.37 x 16.04 = 5.93 grams
In other words, the amount of methane needed to produce 44.2 grams of chloroform would be 5.93 grams.
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Describe the behavior of the particles in liquid alcohol
Answer:
When the liquid gains energy the particles move more rapidly causing an increase in the volume. When the liquid gains energy the particles move more slowly causing a decrease in volume.
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12 A student carries out an experiment to find how fast 3 cm pieces of magnesium ribbon dissolve in 10 cm³ samples of sulfuric acid at different temperatures. Which piece of apparatus does the student not need? A balance B measuring cylinder с stop-clock D thermometer
Using 10 cm3 samples of sulfuric acid at various temperatures, a student conducts an experiment to determine how quickly 3 cm sections of magnesium ribbon dissolve in the solution. The pupil does not require a balance equipment.
Explain about the sulfuric acid?
With the chemical formula H2SO4, sulfuric acid is a mineral acid. The names Mattling acid and Oil of Vitriol are other names for sulfuric acid. It is highly caustic and acidic in nature. It dehydrates and oxidize when present in higher amounts.
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), often known as oil of vitriol in the past, is an inorganic chemical that is highly corrosive and powerful. It is a viscous liquid that smells ethereal and pungent and ranges in color from colorless to slightly yellow. It is soluble in water at all concentrations.
Sulfuric acid is a concentrated acid that is very reactive and dissolves most metals. It also oxidises, dehydrates, or sulfonates the majority of organic molecules and frequently results in charring. Alcohol and water react aggressively with sulfuric acid to release heat.
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Pa help po!
Nonesense-REPORT
Answer:
simply use the differentiation method
alkane members are single bonded and are Sp3 hybridized with tetrahydral geometry
Alkenes or other atoms with double bonds are Sp2 hybridized and Alkynes is a triple bond with Sp hybrid
you can also use the steric number formula which is Atoms+lone pairs =Steric number
in this case the type of bond doesn't matter
choose it's one of the solutes. add more solute until they have one l. shake in as much as are you as you have in order to achieve saturation. now, begin evaporated, pay attention to the bottom of the chamber what do you observe why
The saturated solute start to crystal out bottom of the solution. When the solution begins to evaporate.
What is the temperature of saturation?The boiling point is simply known by its formal name, the saturation temperature. According to a liquid's saturation pressure, the term "saturation" refers to the temperature that liquid must reach in order to boil and transition into the vapour phase.
What are a saturated solution and a solute solvent?The substance that dissolves when a solid interacts with a liquid is known as the solute. The solvent is the fluid in which it dissolves. The resultant liquid is a solution. When no more solute can be dissolved into a solution, it is said to be saturated.
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Please help with this
Generally, The functional group present in U is likely alcohol or a carboxylic acid, as it produces effervescence when heated with sodium metal (a common test for the presence of these functional groups). The functional group present in W is likely an aldehyde or a ketone, as it produces a sweet, fruity smell when warmed with U in the presence of a catalyst.
The gas produced by the reaction between U and sodium metal is likely hydrogen gas (H2). The gas produced by the reaction between W and sodium hydrogen trioxocarbonate (IV) solution is likely carbon dioxide (CO2).
The reaction between U and sodium metal is likely a substitution or neutralization reaction. The reaction between U and W is likely an oxidation reaction, as a catalyst is required for the reaction to occur and it produces a sweet smell.
The catalyst used in the reaction between U and W is likely a strong oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate or a Tollens' reagent.
If the molar mass of W is 74 g/mol, the molecular formula of the compound is likely C2H6O, as this is the simplest molecular formula that has a molar mass of 74 g/mol.
The structural formula of the compound would be a simple straight-chain alcohol like CH3-CH2-OH
The reaction between magnesium and 1.0 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid would be slower than the reaction between magnesium and 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid because ethanoic acid is a weaker acid than hydrochloric acid. This means that it will have a weaker attraction to the electrons in the magnesium metal, making it less likely to react and therefore the reaction will be slower.
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1. Nitric oxide (NO) reacts with oxygen gas to form nitrogen dioxide (NO2),
a dark brown gas:
2NO(g) + O2 → 2NO2
In one experiment 0.866 mol of NO is mixed with 0.503 mol of Oz.
-Find the number of moles in O2
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a dark brown gas, is created when nitric oxide (NO) and oxygen react. O2 has a mole count of 0.4317.
What are the uses of oxygen?The energy-producing process that powers the metabolism rate of most living organisms, respiration, depends heavily on oxygen. All living things, including humans, depend on the air that people breathe to survive.
Why would a physician request oxygen?People with respiratory disorders like Bronchitis, COVID-19, bronchitis, sleep apnea, and others can benefit from hypoxemia therapy to help them obtain enough oxygen to work and stay healthy. Hypoxemia, or low blood oxygen levels, can kill you and harm your organs. Rehabilitation may be required permanently or only sometimes.
Mole of NO = 0.866 mole
Mole of O₂ = 0.503 mole
0.866 mole of NO will require = 0.866 / 2
= 0.4317 mole of O₂
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what is the strongest type of intermolecular force present between two nh2ch3 molecules? (en values: n
The strongest type of intermolecular force present between two NH2CH3 is Hydrogen bonding.
The intermolecular force is an electrostatic attraction between positive and negative poles of molecules. The electrostatic force is directly proportional to the strength of a physical property. The strength of an intermolecular force based on the magnitude of the charges and the distance between each other. strongest type of intermolecular force in methylamine is Hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole force. It arises between the H atom bonded to an N, O, F atom of one molecule and the N, O, F atom of another. It is stronger than dipole-dipole forces. it is due to the electronegativity of the N, O, and F atoms and the polarity between the electronegative atoms and the H atom.
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compound description ionic or molecular? 1 Compound 1 is a hard white smooth odorless solid, which is insoluble in water. If the flame from an ordinary laboratory burner is held on the solid for 10 minutes, the solid grows hot to the touch but does not soften.
Compounds are referred to as molecular because they are a solid that is hard, smooth, and odourless and are insoluble in water. if the solid spends 10 minutes in contact with a normal laboratory burner's flame.
Moles are composed of nonmetals (or covalent compounds). Atoms of different elements mix in specific proportions to form molecules of compounds. such as carbon dioxide, water, and ammonia. In ionic compounds, both metals and nonmetals can be present. Ionic substances are categorised as having both positive and negative ions. The terms "cation" and "anion" are used to describe different types of ions. While metal ions surrender their electrons to form cations, non-metals take electrons to form anions. The ions are composed of both positive and negative ions.
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Percent Yield For the following balanced chemical reaction: 2 Hg O2 -- 2 HgO If you start with 33 grams of Hg and you produce an actual amount of 25 grams HgO in the lab what is the percent yield
The percentage yield for the subsequent chemical reaction is 75.76%.
What is a reaction in science?Chemical elements or chemical compounds make up substances. A response is a movement, propensity, or action that is taken in the opposite direction from what is intended. Reactions are made on the spur of the moment, without much thought or consideration of the potential outcome. Response: Saying something in response to another person's action or comment.
What are reactions examples?In daily life, there are several examples of chemical processes, such as photosynthesis, rust, baking, digesting, combustion, chemicals batteries, fermentation, and cleaning with soap and water. Not only in the chemistry lab, but all over the place, there are chemical reactions going on.
Hg=33 grams
HgO=25 grams
Percent yield = HgO/Hg×100
=33/25×100
=75.76%
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radioactive isotopes of gallium are used to image the human body and locate tumors. the average mass of gallium is 69.723 amu. gallium has two isotopes. one isotope (isotope a) has a mass of 70.9247050 amu and the other isotope (isotope b) is 60.108% abundant. determine the mass of isotope b.
Gallium radioactive isotopes are utilized to scan and detect cancers within the human body. Gallium has an average mass of 69.723 amu. Isotope B has a mass of 68.925 amu.
Definition of an isotope:Isotopes are atoms with the equivalent number of neutrons but differing numbers of neutrons. They differ in mass, which affects their physical characteristics even if they have nearly identical chemical properties. a type of chemical element where the protons are all the same number but the neutrons are all different. Carbon isotopes include, for instance, c 12, carbon 13, & carbon 14.
abundant isotope A = 100 - abundant isotope B
= 100 - 60.108
= 39.892%
mass of isotope B = x amu
Average mass = ( mass of isotope A * abundance of isotope A+ mass of isotope B * abundance of isotope B)/100
69.723 = (70.9247050*39.892 + x ⋆ 60.108)/100
= 4142.971668
= x⋆ 60.108
x= 68.92546197amu
Mass of isotope B = x
= 68.925 amu
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an organic compound is composed of 49.31% carbon, 43.79% oxygen, and the rest hydrogen. the molar mass is 146.1 g/mol. what is the molecular formula of this compound?
An organic compound is composed of 49.31% carbon, 43.79% oxygen, and the rest hydrogen and if the molar mass is 146.1 g/mol then the molecular formula of this compound is C₆H₁₀O₄(Adipic acid).
What is Adipic acid?The chemical molecule with the formula (CH2)4(COOH)2 is termed as adipic acid or hexanedioic acid. It is the most significant dicarboxylic acid from an industrial standpoint; every year, around 2.5 billion kilograms of this white crystalline powder are manufactured, primarily as a precursor to the manufacture of nylon.
Molecular formula:A molecular compound's kind and quantity of atoms of each element are indicated by its molecular formula.
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Determine the equivalent capacitance between points a and b for the combination of capacitors shown inExpress your answer in terms of the variables C1, C2, C3, and C4.
The answer in terms of the variables C₁, C₂, C₃, and C₄ i Cequation is
(C₁ + C₂)(C₃ + C₄)/ C₁ + C₂+C₃ + C₄
Why do you use the term capacitance?A component or circuit's capacitance is its capacity to accumulate and store electrical charge as a form of energy. Energy-storing devices known as capacitors come in a variety of sizes and shapes.
C₁ and C₂ are parallel. C₃ and C₄ are parallel in a similar manner. The two parallel combinations are connected to one another in a series. To determine the equivalent capacitance, we use the series and parallel combination concept.
C₁ ₂ = C₁ + C₂
C₃ ₄ = C₃ + C₄
Ceq = C₁ ₂ C₃ ₄/C₁ ₂ + C₃ ₄
Ceq = (C₁ + C₂)(C₃ + C₄)/ C₁ + C₂+C₃ + C₄
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if two different gases are at the same temperature (which means the gases have the same kinetic energy), how would you determine which gas would have the faster speeds
You cannot determine which gas would have faster speeds based solely on the same temperature.
What is temperature?Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a given system. Temperature is measured in units of energy such as Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin, and is expressed as a numerical value. Temperature can be used to measure the physical properties of a material such as its boiling point and melting point. Temperature is also used to measure the degree of heat or coldness of a body or environment.
The speed of the gas particles depends on the mass of the individual particles, the type of motion they are performing (translational, rotational, or vibrational), and the force that is acting on them.
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8. the potassium spectrum has an intense double with line at 766.494nm and 769.90nm Calculate the frequency difference between these two lines?
The frequency difference between these two line is -1.59 x 10^11 Hz.
How can we calculate the frequency?To calculate the frequency difference between the two lines, apply the equation:
Frequency (Hz) = Speed of light (m/s) / Wavelength (m)
First, convert the wavelength of the first line to meters: 766.494 nm * (1 m / 1,000,000,000 nm) = 7.66494 x 10^-7 m
then, calculate the frequency of the first line: 3 x 10^8 m/s / 7.66494 x 10^-7 m = 3.9405 x 10^14 Hz
Repeat the same process for the second line: 769.90 nm * (1 m / 1,000,000,000 nm) = 7.699 x 10^-7 m
Frequency: 3 x 10^8 m/s / 7.699 x 10^-7 m = 3.9246 x 10^14 Hz
Subtract the frequency of the first line from the frequency of the second line to find the frequency difference:
3.9246 x 10^14 Hz - 3.9405 x 10^14 Hz = -1.59 x 10^11 Hz
So the frequency difference between the two lines is -1.59 x 10^11 Hz
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which ions do not appear in the net ionic equation for the precipitation that involves solutions of cacl2 and k2co3?
K+ and Cl- ions are not included in the net ionic equation for the precipitation involving cacl2 and k2co3 solutions.
What belongs where in an ionic formula?By taking note of each cation's name, symbol, and charge, one can determine the ionic compound's formula. Once the anion's identity has been established, record its symbol or charge. Create an electrically neutral substance by mixing the two ions.
What precisely is a straightforward ionic equation?Only the ions that really are present throughout a process are shown in chemical equations called ionic equations. Ions that mix in liquid to react and form new compounds is another way to say it. The other ions who choose not to participate are known as spectator ions.
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Justify that electrochemical methods depends upon electrochemical cells?
For conducting chemical reactions, electrochemical methods rely on electrochemical cells to supply the necessary voltage and current.
How are electrochemical cells dependent on them?
Electrochemical cells, which are machines that use electricity to move ions from one electrode to another, are the foundation of electrochemical methods. I
In an electrochemical cell, a voltage source provides the energy required to move the ions while also driving their motion. A chemical reaction between the electrodes and the ions is sparked by this energy, and the result is a current.
The concentration of the electroactive species in the solution is then determined using the current generated. As a result, electrochemical cells are necessary for electrochemical methods. Chemical reactions can also be used to create energy in electrochemical cells.
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Using the data in the table, which of the conjugate acids below is the weakest acid? Show your work please.
A. HClO
B. H2S
C. NH3CH3+
D. HCO3-
E. H2S and HClO
Base Kb
ClO- 3.3 x 10-7
CO3-2 1.8 x 10-4
HS- 1.8 x 10-7
NH2CH3 4.4 x 10-4
The compound with the lowest acidity and the highest base, NH2CH3, has the highest Kb value; otherwise, the lower the acidity, the higher this same Kb value, and vice versa.
What causes acidity to form?Stomach acid can enter the esophagus if the sphincter muscle at the bottom of the esophagus relaxes at the wrong time. This could cause heartburn and other symptoms as well. Reflux may be a regular or persistent cause of GERD.
What symptoms might a body with too much acid produce?When the pH is too acidic, the cells in the pancreas, small intestine, and stomach that are responsible for producing and secreting digestive juices don't function properly. Bloating, gas, cramps, or indigestion follow as a result of this.
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A farmer applie 1550. 1 kg of a fertilizer that contain 10. 0% nitrogen to hi field each year. Fifteen percent (15. 0%) of the fertilizer wahe into a river that run through the farm. If the river flow at an average rate of 0. 1401 cubic feet per econd, what i the additional concentration of nitrogen (expreed in milligram of nitrogen per liter) in the river water due to the farmer' fertilizer?
The 0.1857 mg/L additional concentration of nitrogen the river water due to the farmer' fertilizer.
What makes a good fertilizer for nitrogen?Please take a look at our nitrogen-rich fertilizers, which consist of the following: if you want to increase the nitrogen content of your soil. 21-0-0 Ammonium Sulfate 4-0-0 Crustacean Meal. 12-0-0 Feather Meal.
What is the ideal nitrogen source?Manures, ground-up animal parts (blood meal, feather dust, leather dust), and seed meals are the richest organic sources of nitrogen (soybean meal, cottonseed meal).
Given that a farmer uses 1550.1 kg of fertilizer → 10% nitrogen
15% of the fertilizer is said to be washed into the river,
(15/100) × 1550.1 = 232.51 kg
The amount of nitrogen molecule in the washed fertilizer is :
10% of 232.51 kg
= (10/100) × 232.51 kg
= 0.1 × 232.51 kg
=kg in a year.
The river flows at an avg. rate of 0.1401 ft³/sec
Then the amount of river water in a year = [tex]0.1401\frac{ft^3}{sec} *3.155*10^7sec[/tex]
since 1 ft³ = 28.3168 L
the amount of river water in a year = [tex]0.1401(28.3168)*3.155*10^7[/tex]
the amount of river water in a year = 125164645
The concentration of nitrogen molecule= mass/volume
[tex]=\frac{ 23.25 *10^6mg}{125164645L}[/tex]
= 0.1857 mg/L
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briefly describe the hazards you should avoid when stirring a solution in a test tube suspended in a hot-water bath.
To avoid bumping, we hazard shouldn't stir for too long or too quickly. Use safety eyewear to avoid burn threats and make sure its test tube's entrance is pointed away from you and anyone else.
What threats!A risky phenomenon, substance, action, or state of affairs is referred to as a hazard. Loss of life, disease or other negative health impacts, property damage, lost livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental devastation are all possible outcomes.
Which are the top ten dangers?The top 10 workplace threats that are more common have been listed below: A few examples of dangerous chemicals are acids, caustic compounds, cleansers, glues, poisonous substances (mercury, lead, aluminium), paint, pesticides, petroleum, and solvents.
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0.25 moles of a gas at 760 mmHg
and 298 K are contained in a 6.1 L
bottle. What is the pressure of the
system if the amount of gas in the
bottle is reduced to 0.13 mole and
the temperature is reduced to 100 K?
The pressure of the system, when the amount of gas is reduced to 0.13 mole and the temperature is reduced to 100 K, can be calculated using the combined gas law. The pressure of the system is approximately 277.28 mmHg.
1. Identify the given values:
Initial amount of gas (n1) = 0.25 moles
Initial pressure (P1) = 760 mmHg
Initial temperature (T1) = 298 K
Initial volume (V1) = 6.1 L
Final amount of gas (n2) = 0.13 moles
Final temperature (T2) = 100 K
2. Apply the combined gas law, which states:
(P1 * V1) / (n1 * T1) = (P2 * V2) / (n2 * T2)
3. Plug in the values into the formula:
(760 mmHg * 6.1 L) / (0.25 moles * 298 K) = (P2 * 6.1 L) / (0.13 moles * 100 K)
4. Rearrange the equation to solve for P2, the final pressure:
P2 = [(760 mmHg * 6.1 L) * (0.13 moles * 100 K)] / [(0.25 moles * 298 K)]
5. Perform the calculations:
P2 = (466.76 * 13) / (74.5)
P2 ≈ 277.28 mmHg
6. The pressure of the system, when the amount of gas is reduced to 0.13 mole and the temperature is reduced to 100 K, is approximately 277.28 mmHg.
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